WelcomeUnit

DiscoveringUsefulStructure我

看

到

豬我看到綠色的豬我在教室里看見綠色的豬我在教室里看見綠色的豬在飛我在教室里看見綠色的豬八戒在飛IsawpigsIsawgreenpigsIntheclassroom,Isawgreenpigs.Intheclassroom,Isawgreenpigsflying.Intheclassroom,IsawgreenpigsBaJieflying.在教室里，我看到綠色的豬（八戒）飛。Intheclassroom,IsawgreenpigsBaJieflying.主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)同表句子成分

定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主語（subject）和謂語（predicate）次要成分：表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）、狀語(adverbial)、補(bǔ)足語（complement）、同位語（appositive)I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主語↓謂語↓定語↓賓語↓同位語↓狀語1.1主語（subject）Smokingisbadforhealth.Applesaremyfavoritefruit.Iloveyou.主語是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體（動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者），一般位于句首。由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的成分來充當(dāng)找一找句子中的中主語

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Runningisgoodforourhealth.

Tostudyhardisyourduty.

Shelikesdancing.

WhatIwantissomeapples.十大詞類實(shí)詞1.2謂語（predicate)謂語說明主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)，一般放在主語之后.只能由動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：1、簡單謂語：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。

Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、復(fù)合謂語：由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.

一個(gè)簡單句有且只有一個(gè)謂語。Getupearlyisgoodforour

health.×

雙謂語Gettingup

early

is

good

for

our

health.

√Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語Helookedaftertwoboys.找出謂語十大詞類實(shí)詞Wealllikereading.Iwouldliketohelpyou.Sheisplayingthepianonow.Iloveyou.賓語表示動(dòng)作的對象或承受者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的成分來充當(dāng)。1.3賓語（object）Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.TheycanspeakEnglish.Helookedaftertwoboys.找出賓語十大詞類實(shí)詞1.4表語（predicative)表語用來說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)，放在連系動(dòng)詞之后。狀態(tài)系

動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞：am,is,are…感官系動(dòng)詞：smell,feel,taste,sound,look…變化系動(dòng)詞：become,get,turn,go,come,grow…持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞：remain,stay,keep…十大詞類實(shí)詞1.4表語（predicative)Myhobbyisreading.HisjobistoteachEnglish.Heisa

Canadian.Ifeelgoodtoday.找出表語Everythinglooksnice.Hisfaceturnedred.Heishappy.十大詞類實(shí)詞1.5定語(attribute)Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

Therearethirty

womenteachersinourschool.定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾作用的詞、短語或句子Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54

studentsinourclass.Heboughtsomesleeping

pills.找出定語實(shí)詞Lighttravelsmostquickly.1.6狀語(adverbial)狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，是說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分。1.Howaboutmeetingbeginning

atsix?2.Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.

3.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.

4.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.時(shí)間狀語原因狀語條件狀語地點(diǎn)狀語Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.找出狀語十大詞類實(shí)詞Wesawherenteringtheroom.Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.

Letthefreshairin.補(bǔ)語最常見的是賓語補(bǔ)足語，通常緊跟在賓語之后，對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。1.7補(bǔ)語

(complement)Iwanttopaintthedeskpink.IfindEnglishdifficult.Thenewsmadeeveryoneexcited.找出補(bǔ)語十大詞類實(shí)詞Wejustgot

thenewsthattheyhadwon

.MyfriendSueisawriter.

Theytwowantedtogowithus.對句中某一成分作進(jìn)一步說明或解釋的句子成分叫做同位語。1.8同位語

(Apposition)找出同位語Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.八種基本句型1.主語+謂語（S+V）2.主語+謂語+賓語（S+V+O）3.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語（S+L+P）4.