高考3500詞匯詳解1.abandonVt遺棄；拋棄；丟棄；中止；(與oneself連用)使放縱，使聽任n放任；放縱【歸納】abandonone’shope/plan/idea放棄希望/計(jì)劃/主意abandononeselfto…沉湎于…...,縱情于…….abandondoingsth放棄做某事withabandon放任地；放縱地abandonedadj無約束的，無度的，放蕩的【運(yùn)用】1)Thescientistswereobligedtoabandontheirresearch.科學(xué)家們被迫放棄了他們的研究工作。2)Wecan’tabandonourhope.Everythingwillgowell.我們不能放棄希望，一切會(huì)好的。3)Heabandonedhimselftodespair.他陷入絕望中。4)Thecrewabandonedtheburningship.水手們離開了燃燒著的船。5)Therescueteamdidn’t_______theirhopeofrescuingthecoalminers______undergroundwhentherewasaterribleaccidentatthemineonMarch28,2010.Luckily,115peopleweresaved.AA.abandoned;buriedB.abandoned;buryingC.canceled;buriedD.canceled;burying2.abilityn能力(un);才能(cn)反義詞inabilityadjable有能力的；有才干的；有水平的(abler,ablest)反義詞unable【歸納】theabilitytodosth=theabilityindoingsth做某事的能力tothebestofone’sability盡力beabletodosth有能力做某事【辨析】1)able可與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can除外)或助動(dòng)詞連用，而can則不能。Willyoubeabletocomeheretomorrow?Hemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguage,forgettingallabouthisown.他必須在運(yùn)用外語的同時(shí)，忘掉自己的母語。2)able接不定式時(shí)，只能接肯定的，主動(dòng)的不定式，不能接被動(dòng)的不定式。需要時(shí)可由can代替。Hisvoicewasnotabletobeheard.(誤)Hisvoicecouldn’tbeheard.(正)3)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間的能力時(shí)，不可用could,應(yīng)使用was/wereabletoThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.CA.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could3.abnormaladj不正常的，反常的；變態(tài)的

Wedonotthinksuchanabnormalphenomenonwilllastlong.我們認(rèn)為這樣的反?，F(xiàn)象不會(huì)持續(xù)很久。4.aboardadv&prep在船(飛機(jī)，車)上，上船，上飛機(jī)【歸納】 Welcomeaboard!歡迎大家乘船(飛機(jī)，車)!Goaboard上船(飛機(jī)，車)boardaplane搭乘飛機(jī)Onboard在船上，在公共交通工具內(nèi)Allaboard請(qǐng)大家上車(船)!【運(yùn)用】1)Hewasalreadyaboardtheplane.他已經(jīng)登機(jī)了。2)Theplanecrashedkillingall157passengersaboard.飛機(jī)墜毀，機(jī)上157名乘客全部遇難。3)Hewentaboardtheship.她上了船。4)HeboardedtheplaneatLondon5)Everybodyonboardwasworried.飛機(jī)上的人都很著急。6)Theywent_______theshipjustbeforeitstartedtoleave.AA.aboardB.boardC.aboardonD.boardon【聯(lián)想】abroadadv到國外，在國外【歸納】 Athomeandabroad在國內(nèi)外fromabroad從國外來的Goabroad出國5.abolishvt取消；廢除；廢止；革除abolishslavery廢除奴隸制度Abortionn流產(chǎn)；墮胎；失??；夭折；中止；早產(chǎn)6.aboveall最重要；首先【歸納】Afterall畢竟；終究allinall整體說來；總而言之=inawordInall全部；合計(jì)atall(否定句)一點(diǎn)也不；（疑問句）到底，究竟【運(yùn)用】Wemustworkhard,andaboveall,wemustbelieveinourselves.我們必須努力工作，尤其重要的是我們必須相信自己。Aboveall,makesureyoukeepintouch.最要緊的是你們一定要保持聯(lián)系。Allinall,ithadbeenagreatsuccess.總的說來，那是個(gè)巨大的成功。Therewasnothingatalltoeat.根本沒有東西吃。7.abruptadj突然的；陡峭的；生硬的8.absencen缺席，不在，離開；一次缺席，不在的時(shí)間；缺乏，不存在【歸納】Intheabsenceofsb=inone’sabsence某人不在時(shí)Absenceofmind心不在焉Absentadj缺乏的，缺席的，不在場(chǎng)的，心不在焉的beabsentfrom…不參加……vtabsentoneselffrom缺席；不參加【運(yùn)用】Isoonnoticedhisabsencefromschool.我很快便察覺到他缺課了。Hisabsenceofmindduringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.他駕車時(shí)心不在焉，差點(diǎn)肇事。Shehadanabsentlookonherface.她看起來心不在焉的樣子。Tomwasabsentfromschoolbecausehewasill.=Tomabsentedhimselffromclassbecausehewasill.He_____forweeks,sohehadalotofworkto_____.BA.wasabsence;makeB.wasabsent;makeupC.hadabsence;makeoutD.hadabsent;make6)Afteranabsenceof26years,ChinareturnedtoUNin1971.在26年的離開之后，中國在1971年又回到了聯(lián)合國。7)Nolifecanbefoundonthemoonbecauseoftheabsenceofairandwater.因?yàn)槿狈諝夂退?，月球上未能發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。9.absorbvt吸收;吸引…的注意；使專心;并入，并存【歸納】absorbone’sattention吸引某人注意absorbedadj聚精會(huì)神的；專心致志的，極感興趣的beabsorbedby/into被……吞并，被……所吸收beabsorbedin全神貫注于【運(yùn)用】1)IwassoabsorbedinthisbookthatIdidn’thearyoucomein.我正入神地看這本書，連你進(jìn)來也沒聽見。2)Absorbedinhiswork,Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。3)Hehadanabsorbedlookonhisface.他臉上一幅專注的表情。4)Thesurroundingvillageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.周圍的村莊并入了日益擴(kuò)展的城市。5)______inhernewnovel,theyoungwriterkeptthinkingandwritingforadozenhoursinherstudy.DA.HavingdeeplyabsorbedB.DeeplyabsorbingC.DeeplyhavingbeenabsorbedD.Deeplyabsorbed10.abstractadj抽象的；抽象派的cn抽象派作品；摘要，梗概1)Wemaytalkofbeautifulthings,butbeautyitselfisabstract.我們可以談些美的事物，但美本身卻是抽象的。2)anabstractpainter抽象派畫家3)Pleasewriteanabstractofthisscientificarticle.請(qǐng)給這篇科學(xué)論文寫一份摘要。11.absurdadj荒謬的Hewasaratherabsurdyoungman.他是一個(gè)相當(dāng)怪異的人。12.abundantadj豐富的；充足的beabundantinnaturalresources自然資源豐富13.abusen濫用，虐待，辱罵，陋習(xí)，弊端vt濫用，虐待，辱罵，abuseaprivilege濫用特權(quán)abuseahorse虐待一匹馬14.academicadj(學(xué)院或大學(xué))教學(xué)的，學(xué)術(shù)的n大學(xué)學(xué)生，大學(xué)教師Academicresearch學(xué)術(shù)研究anacademicdegree學(xué)位15.academyn(高等)?？圃盒?；研究院，學(xué)會(huì)Anacademyofmusic音樂院校amilitaryacademy軍事院校theAcademyofSciencesofChina中國科學(xué)院16.acceleratev加速，促進(jìn)，增加1)Iacceleratedandleftothercarsbehind.我加速行駛，把其他的車子拋在后面。2)Idecidetoaccelerateouradvertising.我決定增加我們的廣告量。17.accentn口音，腔調(diào)；重音(c)1)speakEnglishwithaforeignaccent說英語帶外國腔2)Theword‘lady’hasitsaccentonthefirstsyllable.Lady這詞的重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上。18.acceptvt接受，認(rèn)可；接受，同意（某種看法等）；承擔(dān)（責(zé)任）1)Willyouaccepthisinvitation?2)Theyrefusedtoaccepttheproposal.他們拒絕接受這一建議。3)thefactoryshouldacceptthelossesinthequalityoftheproducts.這家工廠應(yīng)該承擔(dān)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的損失。19.accessn(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；權(quán)利等【歸納】Have/get/obtain/gainaccessto擁有……的機(jī)會(huì)；可以接近；進(jìn)入Giveaccessto準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入（接近）Accessibleadj可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的Beaccessibleto…可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的【運(yùn)用】1)Womenhavenoaccesstoeducationinolddays.在過去，婦女沒有受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。2)Theonlyaccesstothecoffeebarisacrossthesquare.要到那間咖啡廳只能穿過廣場(chǎng)。3)Everystudentshouldhaveaccesstoalibrary.每個(gè)學(xué)生都應(yīng)該有使用圖書館的便利條件。4)Amanagershouldbeaccessibletohisstaff.經(jīng)理應(yīng)該讓職工感到平易近人。5)Theislandisaccessibleonlybyboat.只有乘小船才能到這島嶼。6)Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy___tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.A.A.accessB.passageC.wayD.approach20.accidentcn事故；禍?zhǔn)?；意外事件accidentaladj意外的，非主要的，附屬的n次要方面【歸納】Byaccident=bychance=bycoincidence偶然Withoutaccident安全地haveanaccident遭受意外Bedelayedthroughanaccident由于事故而被耽擱【運(yùn)用】1)Hisparentswerekilledinabusaccident.2)ItwasjustanaccidentthatIfoundmylostkeyattheschoolgate.我在校門口偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了我丟失的鑰匙。3)Imetherbyaccidentinacrowdedbus.21.accommodationn住處，住所Accommodationisexpensiveinthiscity.這個(gè)城市住房昂貴。22.accompanyvt陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有【歸納】accompanysthwith/bysth…….與……同時(shí)存在或發(fā)生accompanysbat/onsth用…….給某人伴奏accompanysbto…陪某人到……beaccompaniedby…由…….伴奏【聯(lián)想】Companyn陪伴；交往；公司；商號(hào)keepsbcompany陪伴某人Companionn同伴，伙伴【運(yùn)用】1)Thewell-knownsingerwasaccompaniedatthepianobyMr.Wang.王先生為那位著名的歌唱家擔(dān)任鋼琴伴奏。2)Childrenunder10mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.十歲以下的兒童必須有成人陪同。3)Imustaskyoutoaccompanymetothepolicestation.我必須要求你陪我去一趟警察局。4)I’llstayhereandkeepyoucompany.我留下陪你。5)Tomorrowthemayoristo_____agroupofCanadianbusinessmenonatourofthecity.BA.coordinateB.accompanyC.cooperateD.associate23.accomplishvt完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)accomplishapurpose達(dá)到目的Iaccomplishedtwohours’workbeforedinner.我在吃飯前玩成了兩小時(shí)的工作。24.accordingtoprep按照；根據(jù)(相當(dāng)于介詞，后接短語或從句)1)AccordingtoTom,Janegotmarriedlastmonth.2)I’lldoitaccordingtoyourinstructions我會(huì)按照你的指示去做。【辨析】accordingto后面不接view,opinion等詞，若要表達(dá)“依我所見”，應(yīng)用inmyopinion.25.accountv認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有n說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目；報(bào)道【歸納】Accountfor說明(原因等);做出解釋;占……(比例)Onaccountof由于，因?yàn)镺nanyaccount無論如何Onnoaccount決不(置于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)Take…intoaccount=take…intoconsideration考慮……Keepanaccountof記錄，記載openanaccount開賬戶Accountantn會(huì)計(jì)師，會(huì)計(jì)員【運(yùn)用】1)Howdoyouaccountforyourabsencefromschoolyesterday?你如何解釋你昨天沒上學(xué)呢?2)Onnoaccountmustyoutellhim.3)Hisexamresultswerenotverygood,butwemusttakeintoaccounthislongillness.4)Theaccountsshowwehavespentmorethanwereceived.賬目顯示我們已經(jīng)入不敷出了。5)Canyougiveusadetailedaccountofyourplan?你能就你的計(jì)劃給我們做出詳盡的說明嗎？6)Lackofmoney_____hernotcontinuingherstudies.AA.accountsforB.caresforC.explainstoD.approvesof26.accumulatev積聚，堆積Heaccumulatedagoodlibrary.他積累了豐富的藏書。27.accurateadj準(zhǔn)確的，精確的anaccurateanswer準(zhǔn)確的答案accuracyn準(zhǔn)確，精確,準(zhǔn)確度withaccuracy正確地28.accusevt指控，指責(zé)，把……歸咎于【歸納】Accusesbofsth控告某人某事Accusesbforsth為某事指責(zé)某人【辨析】accuse指當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé)，不一定訴諸法庭，通常表示直接而嚴(yán)厲地指出某人的過錯(cuò)。Theyaccusedhimoftakingbribes.他們指控他受賄。2)charge指因犯較大錯(cuò)誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行正式法律控訴。Thepolicearegoingtochargehimwithmurder.警察要控告他殺人。3)Accusesbofsth控告某人某事,chargesbwithsth起訴某人某事,blamesbforsth責(zé)備某人某事【運(yùn)用】1)Hisbrotheraccusedthatmanofmurder.他的兄弟控告那個(gè)人謀殺。2)Sheaccusedhimofstealingherwatch.3)Manoftenaccusesnatureforhisownmisfortunes.人類常把自己的不不幸歸咎于天。4)Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewas_______ofcheatingcustomers.AA.accusedB.chargedC.scoldedD.cursed29.accustomedadj習(xí)慣的；通常的【歸納】Beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(表示狀態(tài))Become/getaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(表示動(dòng)作)Accustomv使……習(xí)慣于,使適應(yīng)Accustomoneself/sb/sthto使…….習(xí)慣于【運(yùn)用】1)Iamnotaccustomedtogettingupsoearly.2)myeyesslowlygotaccustomedtothedark.我的眼睛慢慢適應(yīng)了黑暗。3)Hequicklyaccustomedhimselfto/becameaccustomedtothenewwayoflife.4)Hefounditnecessarytoaccustomherchildtogettingupearly.她覺得有必要讓孩子養(yǎng)成早起的習(xí)慣。5)---Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?---Yes.Theyareaccustomed_________atmeals.DA.totalkB.tonottalkC.totalkingD.tonottalking30.achevi疼，疼痛cn疼痛anacheinthearm胳膊痛【辨析】1)ache指持續(xù)的局部的疼痛，一般指隱隱作痛，可與表示身體器官的名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞。如headache,backache,earache2)paincn或un，常指突然的劇痛，特指由外傷，疾病或神經(jīng)引起的疼痛，還可指精神上的痛苦。3)hurt表示肉體上的“受傷，疼痛”或精神上的“傷害”。4)harmun指物質(zhì)上的“傷害，害處，危害”。31.achievevt完成；達(dá)成；成就;憑借努力而獲得或達(dá)到nachievement完成(un)；成就，功績(cn)1)Inrecentyears,chinahasachievedgreatsuccessinitsconstructionoffourmodernizations.幾年來中國取得了四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的巨大成就。2)ThosewhohaveachievedgreatsuccessinmodernscienceandtechnologyarerewardedbytheChinesegovernment.那些在科技方面取得成就的人們受到了中國政府的嘉獎(jiǎng)。3)Suchagoalwasimpossibleofachievement.那樣的目標(biāo)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。4)Landingonthemoonwasaremarkableachievement.登上月球是一大偉績。【辨析】1)achieve作“獲得”講時(shí)，指經(jīng)過努力而獲得成功或達(dá)到某種目的：Anythingcanbedonetoachieveouraimsinmodernscienceandtechnology.為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們?cè)诂F(xiàn)代科技中的目標(biāo)可采取一切措施。2)gain作“獲得”講時(shí)，指通過努力或奮斗獲得某種利益好處或經(jīng)驗(yàn)：Moreexperiencecanbegainedinone’sjob.3)get為這一組詞中最常用的一個(gè)，指以某種方式或手段得到某種東西，這種東西可能是他需要或企圖獲得的，也許不是。I’vegotacar.我有一輛車。32.acidn酸；酸味物質(zhì)adj酸味的；尖酸刻薄的1)Alemonisanacidfruit.檸檬是一種酸的水果。2)Hisremarkswereratheracid.他的話有些尖酸刻薄。33.acknowledgevt承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為acknowledgeone’sfault認(rèn)錯(cuò)，賠不是1)Iacknowledgethetruthofhisstatement.我承認(rèn)他說的是事實(shí)。2)Hewasacknowledgedtobe/asthebestplayer.他被公認(rèn)為最佳選手?！颈嫖觥?)acknowledge指公開承認(rèn)隱瞞或否認(rèn)過的事情，Withsomuchevidenceagainsthim,hahadtoacknowledgehiserror.在這么多證據(jù)面前，他不得不承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤。2)recognize指正式承認(rèn)主權(quán)，權(quán)利等，Theyrefusedtorecognizethecountry’sindependence.他們拒絕正式承認(rèn)這個(gè)國家的獨(dú)立。3)admit通常指因外界壓力，良心或判斷而承認(rèn)某事的存在或真實(shí)性，含不情愿之意，Theaccusedmanadmittedhisguilt.被告承認(rèn)了他的罪行。34.acquaintancen相識(shí)，了解；熟人【歸納】Makeone’sacquaintance=maketheacquaintanceofsb結(jié)識(shí)某人Cut/dropone’sacquaintancewithsb與某人絕交Havenoacquaintancewith不熟悉，不了解Haveanodding/bowingacquaintancewithsb與某人有點(diǎn)頭之交Acquaintv使熟悉，使了解Beacquaintedwith熟悉……，了解……【運(yùn)用】1)Ihavean(some)acquaintancewiththelanguage.我懂一點(diǎn)這種語言。2)Hewasmyclosetacquaintance.他是我的老相識(shí)。3)I’mpleasedtomakeyouracquaintance.我非常高興結(jié)識(shí)你。4)Allouremployeesarefullyacquaintedwithsafetyprecautions.我所有的雇員都非常熟悉安全預(yù)防措施。35.acquirevt獲得，學(xué)到1)SheacquiredaknowledgeofEnglishbycarefulstudy.她認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)而精通英語。36.acrecn英畝Thetotalareaofasoccerfieldisabouttwoacres.一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)的總面積大約為兩英畝。37.acrossprep1)穿過;越過(從一邊到另一邊)Therewasnobridgeacrosstheriverbefore.2)在(河，街)另一邊；在對(duì)面Thebookstoreisjustacrossthestreet.3)交叉Hesattherewithhisarmsacrossthechest.他坐在那里，雙臂交叉在胸前。4)在……全境；在……境內(nèi)DozensofshopsacrossthecitysellTVsetsofthisbrand.這座城市的幾十家商店賣這種牌子的電視。Adv1)在對(duì)面；橫過2)寬，橫1)Willyougoacrosstothebaker’sandbuymesomebread?請(qǐng)你到對(duì)面的面包店給我買些面包好嗎？2)Theriverishalfamileacross.這條河有半英里寬?！練w納】Come(run)across(偶然)碰到Getsthacross使人理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)38actvi行動(dòng)，做事；起作用vt扮演，演出cn行為，動(dòng)作；(戲劇的)一幕；法令，條例1)Heactedonoursuggestion.他按我們的建議做事。2)TheteachersaidthatMaryactedcorrectly.老師說瑪麗做得對(duì)。3)Doesthemedicinetakelongtoactonyourheadache?這種頭痛藥很長時(shí)間才見效嗎？4)Theactoractedthepartofthehero.這個(gè)演員扮演了主人公。【歸納】Actas…充當(dāng)……，擔(dān)任……actout表演(對(duì)話，故事等)Acton/upon對(duì)……起作用putonanact裝模作樣，裝出來的Actionn行動(dòng)；作用；戰(zhàn)斗；方式；訴訟Takeaction采取行動(dòng)outofaction不能行動(dòng)/運(yùn)作Bringanactionagainstsb對(duì)某人提起訴訟【運(yùn)用】1)Thevillageractedasaguideforus.2）Theteacheraskedustoactoutthestorywehadlearned.3)Alcoholactsonthebrain,sodriversareforbiddentodrinkitwhentheydriveacar.酒精對(duì)大腦有影響，因此司機(jī)開車禁止飲酒。4)Theboywasn’treallyangry;hewasputtingonanact.那男孩并未真生氣，他在裝樣。39.activeadj積極的，活潑的；敏捷的，靈活的；起作用的；活性的；主動(dòng)的【歸納】Beactivein…在……積極takeanactivepartin積極參加Leadanactivelife過著積極的生活haveanactivebrain頭腦靈活A(yù)ctivevoice主動(dòng)語態(tài)anactivevolcano一座活火山Activitycn活動(dòng)un活力【運(yùn)用】1)Althoughmygrandfatherisovereighty,heisstillactive.2)Thetigerisstillactivethoughitiswoundedinoneofitspaws.3)Thestudentshavemanysocialactivitiesafterclass.4)Thestreetisfullactivityevenintheevening.即使在晚上，這條街仍然十分繁忙。40.actorcn男演員actresscn女演員41.actualadj實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的inactualfact事實(shí)上inactuallife在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中actuallyadv實(shí)際上，真實(shí)地42.acuteadj敏銳的，靈敏的；劇烈的，厲害的；嚴(yán)重的；急性的(疾病)1)anacutesenseofsmell靈敏的嗅覺2)inacutepain痛的厲害3)acuteshortageoffood嚴(yán)重缺乏食物43.adaptvt使適應(yīng)；改編【歸納】Adaptto…適應(yīng)……Adapt…to…使……適應(yīng)或適合……Adaptoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)或習(xí)慣于某事Adapt…from…根據(jù)……改寫（改編）Adapt…for…改編、改作……之用Adaptableadj能適應(yīng)的；可修改的Adaptationn適應(yīng);改編；改寫本【運(yùn)用】1)Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttotheirnewschool.2)Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.3)Thisbookisadaptedforbeginners.4)Wemustlearnto_____thenewlifewhengoingabroad.BA.adaptB.adapttoC.adaptwithD.adaptin【聯(lián)想】Adoptvt采用；采納；收養(yǎng)Adoptanapproach/astrategy/policy采用某方法/戰(zhàn)略/政策Adoptedadj領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的anadoptedson養(yǎng)子【運(yùn)用】Mymotherwasadoptedwhenshewasfour.2)They’vebeenforcedtoadoptstricterrules.他們被迫采用了更為嚴(yán)厲的規(guī)定3)Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths,thechildcametoadapttohisnewlife.44.addv增加；添加；補(bǔ)充說【歸納】Addupsth/addsthup把……加起來addthat…補(bǔ)充說……Addsthtosth把……加到/進(jìn)……里addto增加，增添Addupto加起來共計(jì)/達(dá)（不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）【運(yùn)用】1)Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomemorehotwater.如果茶太濃了，再加點(diǎn)開水。2)Addyourscoresupandwe’llseewhowon.3)Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.4)Headdedthathewassatisfiedwiththetalk.5)Thenumbersadduptoexactly100.6)Intheeveningthecarbrokedownsuddenlyandtheheavyrain____thehelplessnessofthegirldriveronthecountryroad.DA.resultedfromB.madeupC.turnedoutd.addedto45.addictedadj嗜好……的；上了……癮的beaddictedto熱衷于Beaddictedtosmoking吸煙上了癮46.additionun加cn增加物inadditionto此外additionaladj附加的；另外的1)Thesign“+”standsforaddition.2)Thecomputerisausefuladditiontotheteachingtoolsinmodernschools.在現(xiàn)代化學(xué)校中，計(jì)算機(jī)是一種有用的教學(xué)設(shè)備。47.addresscn住址；演說v寫地址，把……寄給；向……講話;稱呼【歸納】Deliveranaddressto向……發(fā)表演講giveaclosingaddress致閉幕詞Anaddressofwelcome歡迎詞Addressoneselfto從事于，忙著做；向……講話【運(yùn)用】1)Ican’tmakeouttheaddressontheletter.2)Youshouldaddressthislettertothemanagerofthecompany.3)TheprincipaladdressedtheteachersandstudentsinEnglish.4)Howshouldweaddressyou?我們?cè)鯓臃Q呼您呢？5)It’shightimeweaddressedourselvestowork.是我們干工作的時(shí)候了。6)Headdressedhimselftotheaudiencefortwohourswithoutreferringtohisarticle.他在沒有看稿子的情況下給觀眾講了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。48.adequateadj足夠的Wetookadequatefoodfortheholiday.49.adjustv調(diào)整，使適合【歸納】Adjuststhtosth調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……Adjusttosth/doingsth適應(yīng)于……adjustoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)于……Adjustmentn調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)，適應(yīng)Makeanadjustment作出調(diào)整【運(yùn)用】1)Sheadjustedtheseattotheheightofherchild.她把座椅調(diào)到適合她孩子的高度。2)Shesoonadjustedherselftohiswayoflife.3)Shefoundithardtoadjusttoworkingatnight.4)youcan’tseethroughatelescopeunlessitiscorrectly_____toyoursight.DA.adaptedB.admittedC.adoptedD.adjusted5)---Didhesaysomethinginthelecturethat_________you?---Notreally.ActuallyIfeltsleepyoverhisspeech.DA.adjustedtoB.attachedtoC.referredtoDappealedto50.administrationn管理，經(jīng)營；管理部門；執(zhí)行，施政Duringtheadministrationofsb在某人的任期內(nèi)civiladministration民政機(jī)關(guān)51.admirevt贊美；欽佩；羨慕【歸納】Admiresbforsth因某事而欽佩某人Admirationn贊美；欽佩Express/haveadmirationforsb/sth欽佩/羨慕某人/某物With/inadmiration欽佩地Admirableadj可欽佩的；極佳的admiringadj贊美的；羨慕的【運(yùn)用】1)IadmireandrespectyoumorethanIcansay.我對(duì)你的欽佩及尊敬無法用語言形容。2)Theschooliswidelyadmiredforitsexcellentteaching.這所學(xué)校教學(xué)優(yōu)秀，遠(yuǎn)近稱譽(yù)。3)Everybodyadmireshimforhisfinesenseofhumour.4)I’mfilledwithadmirationforhiscourage.=Ihaveadmirationforhiscourage.5)Hegivemeanadmiringlook.他向我投以贊美的一瞥6)We________theoldscientist____hiscontribution____thecountry.AA.admire;for;toB.admire;at;toC.respect;on;for;D.respect;on;at52.admitv容許；承認(rèn)；接納；容納【歸納】Admit+n/doing(havingdone)/thatclause承認(rèn)某事/(已經(jīng))做了某事Admitsb/sthtobe承認(rèn)某人/某物是……Admitsbto/into…準(zhǔn)許某人進(jìn)入（或加入）……Beadmittedas作為……被接受Beadmittedto被錄取，被接收Admissionun準(zhǔn)入，接納，入學(xué)；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)，入學(xué)費(fèi)；cn承認(rèn)，招供【運(yùn)用】1)thishallcanadmit1200people.2)Sheadmittedhavingbrokenthewindow.=sheadmittedthatshehadbrokenthewindow.3)Youmustadmitthetasktobedifficult.4)Studyhardandyou’llbeadmittedtoBeijing5)Hewasadmittedasamemberofthetabletennisteam.他作為乒乓球隊(duì)員被接受。6)Ifyouleavetheclub,youwillnotbe_____backin.BA.receivedB.admittedC.turnedD.moved7)Thegraduates_____intothecompanyusuallyreceivestricttrainingbeforetheystarttowork.CA.acceptedB.acceptingC.admittedD.admitting8)---DidJack____havingtakensomebookswithouttellinganybody?---Yes,hedid.Hesaidhetookthreebooks.DA.imagineB.allowC.attemptD.admit9)Admissionbyticketonly.憑票入場(chǎng)53.adolescencen青春期adolescentadj青春期的n青少年54.adorev崇拜，愛慕，喜愛55.adultn成年人56.advancev使前進(jìn)；提前n提高；進(jìn)展【歸納】Advanceon/upon/towards朝……前進(jìn)Inadvance預(yù)先，提前（指事先）Inadvanceof在……前面，超過Advancedadj高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的【運(yùn)用】1)Hisideaswereinadvanceofhistimes.他的思想走在時(shí)代的前列。2)Scientificknowledgehasgreatlyadvancedsincethe16thcentury.3)Napoleon’sarmyadvancedonMoscow.拿破侖的軍隊(duì)向莫斯科推進(jìn)。4)Someofourproductshavereachedadvancedworldlevel.5)______isknowntoall,Chinawillbean______andpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.CA.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing6)I’vebeentoldthatourteacherhas_____thedeadlineforthecompositionbytwodaysandwehavetohanditintomorrowmorning.CA.madeB.cutC.advancedD.suggested57.advantagecn益處；便利；優(yōu)點(diǎn)；優(yōu)勢(shì)un利益advantageousadj有力的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的【歸納】Beofgreat(no)advantageto對(duì)……大大有力（毫無裨益）gain(have)anadvantageover(of)勝過，優(yōu)于Takeadvantageofsb利用某人；欺騙某人【運(yùn)用】1)Manypeopleconsiderthatlivinginbigcitieshasmanyadvantages,suchasgoodschools,librariesandtheaters.2)Manypeoplegainmuchadvantagefromtheirtravels.許多人通過旅游受益匪淺。58.adventureun冒險(xiǎn)TheadventureofTomSawyercn冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)haveanadventure有一次奇遇59.advertisev登廣告；為……而做廣告advertisementcn廣告；啟事1)MoreandmorebusinessmenadvertisetheirgoodsbothonTvandinthenewspaper.2)Itisconsideredquitenecessarytoputanadvertisementinthenewspapertosellgoods.60.adviceun忠告；建議；勸告apieceofadvice一點(diǎn)忠告askforone’sadvice征求某人的建議Giveadvice提建議givesbadviceonhowtodosth就如何干某事提出忠告advisev忠告；建議；勸告【歸納】Advise+n/pronAdvisesbtodosthAdvisesbnottodosth=advisesbagainstdoingsthAdvise+從句（常用虛擬語氣）Advise+doingAdvisesbonsth【運(yùn)用】1)Theteacheradvisedanearlystartsothatwewouldgettherebeforedark.2)Iadvisedhimnottosmoke.=Iadvisedhimagainstsmoking.3)Weadvertisedthattheyshouldstartearly.=Weadvertisedthemtostartearly.4)Iwouldadviseputtingoffthemeeting.=Iadvertisethatweshouldputoffthemeeting.61.advocatevt擁護(hù)；提倡；主張Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.62.aeroplanen飛機(jī)63.affaircn事件,事情;事務(wù)，業(yè)務(wù)（多復(fù)數(shù)）；事態(tài)，狀況1)stateofaffairs事態(tài)，狀況stateaffairs國家大事familyaffairs家務(wù)事2)Idon’tknowhowtotakecareofmyownaffairs.3)TheForeignAffairsOfficedealswithinternationalaffairs.外事辦處理國際事務(wù)。64.affectvt影響；感動(dòng)；（疾?。┣忠u【歸納】Begreatly/deeplyaffected很/深受感動(dòng)Beaffectedbyheat/cold中暑/著涼Beaffectedwithhighfever發(fā)高燒【運(yùn)用】1)Hisopinionwillnotaffectmydecision.2)Allthepeopleintheroomwereaffectedtotears.屋里所有的人都感動(dòng)的流了淚。3)Sheisaffectedwithcancer.她患有癌癥。4)Withthegovernment’said,those____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.CA.affectB.affectingC.affectedD.wereaffected5)Much______bythestoryofCongFei,Iamalsodeterminedtobeavolunteerworker.AA.affectedB.affectingC.admiredD.effected【聯(lián)想】Effectn效應(yīng)；結(jié)果；后果Haveaneffecton/upon對(duì)……有效，對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響Come/gointoeffect生效Bring/carry/put/…intoeffect實(shí)行；實(shí)施Takeeffect生效；奏效Ofnoeffect沒有作用的；沒有影響的Sideeffect副作用【運(yùn)用】1)Myadvicedidn’thavemucheffectonhim.我的勸告對(duì)他沒什么效果。2)Thenewlawwillcomeintoeffectnextmonth.3)Themedicinedidn’ttakeeffect.這種藥并沒有產(chǎn)生效用4)Themedicinewasofnoeffectonthepatient.這種藥對(duì)病人無效。5)Usuallywhattheteachersayswillhaveadeep_____onachild.BA.markB.effectC.satisfactionD.expression65.affordvt（有足夠的金錢，時(shí)間）做；買得起；付得出（通常與can,could,beableto連用，多用于否定疑問句）；affordtodo或affordn/pron1)Wecan’taffordtospendsomuchmoneyonthecomputer.我們拿不出那么多錢買電腦2)I’dlovetogoonholiday,butIcan’taffordthetime.我很想去度假，可抽不出時(shí)間來66.afraidadj害怕；擔(dān)心【歸納】Beafraidtodo“怕”或“不敢”去做某事Beafraidofdoing擔(dān)心（不敢去做某事，怕出現(xiàn)某種不良后果）I’mafraid(that)用來有禮貌地表達(dá)可能令人不愉快的消息回答別人的提問時(shí)，可用省略形式I’mafraidso(not)【運(yùn)用】1)Shewasafraidtowakeherhusbandup.她不敢弄醒她丈夫2)Shewasafraidofwakingherhusbandup.她擔(dān)心吵醒她丈夫3)I’mafraidwecan’tarriveontime.67.African非洲Africanadj非洲的，非洲人的n非洲人68.after【歸納】after以過去為起點(diǎn)，表示“（過去）一段時(shí)間以后”，常用于過去事態(tài)的句子。After與時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用時(shí)，也可用于將來時(shí)。In以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示“（將來）一段時(shí)間以后”，常用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子。Afterall畢竟；終究Beafter尋求；追求【運(yùn)用】1)Theystartedoutatsixandarrivedaftertwohours.2)Theywillstartthelectureafter10a.m3)I’llbebackinhalfanhour.4)It’sasmallworldafterall.69.againadvagainandagain再三地，反復(fù)地onceagain=oncemore再一次timeandagain好幾次70.againstprep【歸納】1)反對(duì)；不同意；對(duì)抗；反抗2)與……逆向3)與……沖突；倚靠（表接觸）4)以……為背景（表對(duì)照）Beagainstone’sproposal反對(duì)（意見）Goagainstnature違背自然Standagainstthewall靠墻而立【運(yùn)用】1)YesterdayafternoontheyplayedagainsttheBulls.昨天下午他們和公牛隊(duì)賽了一場(chǎng)。2)Theysailedagainstthewind.他們逆風(fēng)航行3)Theyoungfellowwasleaningagainstatree,playingtheguitar.年輕人倚在樹上彈吉他。4)Thepictureshoesupwellagainstthewall.這幅畫在強(qiáng)的映襯下很明顯。71.agen年齡un人生的一個(gè)階段；時(shí)期cn時(shí)代；年代；（常用作復(fù)數(shù)）很長的一段時(shí)間attheageof在……歲時(shí)beunderage未成年V（使）變老；達(dá)到……年齡1)Theyareofthesameage.2)WhenIreachedmiddleageItookupmedicine.我到中年時(shí)開始學(xué)醫(yī)。3)DuringtheStoneAge,manypeoplemadealivingbyhunting.4)Haven’tseenyouforages!=Haven’tseenyouforalongtime!5)Twotwinbrothers,diedonthesamedayagedsixty-six.72.agencyn代理處soleagency獨(dú)家代理agencygeneral總代理newsagency通訊社touristagency旅行社agentn代理（商）73.agendan議程place/putsthontheagenda把某事提到日程上來74.aggressiveadj好斗的，敢作敢為的，有闖勁的，侵略性的anaggressivewar一次侵略的戰(zhàn)爭Anaggressivesalesman一位有干勁的推銷員Aggressionn進(jìn)攻；侵略aggressionon/upon對(duì)……的侵略75.ago【歸納】Ago指從現(xiàn)在起若干時(shí)間以前，和一般過去式連用Before指過去某時(shí)間以前，常用在間接引語里，與過去完成時(shí)連用。【運(yùn)用】1)MissWoodwentabroadelevenyearsago.2)Wearrivedthenextday,onlytofindthattheyhadleftthreedaysbefore.76.agreevagreementun同意；一致cn協(xié)議【歸納】1)單獨(dú)使用2)與with連用，同意某人的意見，想法；符合，與……一致；氣候飲食等適合3)與on/upon連用，就……取得一致意見；在……方面同意或意見一致4)跟to連用，同意某一建議，安排等5）跟about連用，關(guān)于……意見一致6)agreetodosth同意做某事7)跟從句，同意……是事實(shí)【運(yùn)用】1)Themostimportantthingisthatthetwoofyououghttoagree.2)Theclimatedoesnotagreewiththeold.3)Mostpeopleagreetothisagreement.4)Weagreedonapricefortheusedcar.我們商定了這輛舊車的價(jià)格。77.agriculturen農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)藝agriculturaladj農(nóng)業(yè)的78.aheadadv在前面；在前頭；領(lǐng)先，勝過aheadof在……前面goahead前進(jìn)1)Heisaheadofmeinmaths.79.aidn,v幫助，援助；資助【歸納】Withtheaidofsb=withone’said在某人的幫助下Inaidof用以援助Do/give/offer/perform/carryoutfirstaid進(jìn)行急救Aidsbinsth/doingsth在某方面幫助某人Aidsbwithsth以某事物幫助某人Aidsbtodosth幫助某人做某事【運(yùn)用】1)WearecollectingmoneyinaidofthepeoplewhohavelosttheirhomesintheearthquakeinSichuan2)Theyaidedthepoorcountrywithmoney.3)Theycollectedmuchmoney______thepoorgirl.BA.inaidB.inaidofC.withtheaidofD.gaveaidto80.aimn瞄準(zhǔn)；目標(biāo)，目的v瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)，旨在【歸納】Withoutaim漫無目的地Withtheaimof以期……，意在……Achieveone’saim達(dá)到目的Takeaimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)Aimat/for力求達(dá)到Aimatdoingsth力爭做到Aimtodosth旨在做某事Beaimedat目的是，旨在Aimlessadj無目的地【運(yùn)用】1)Hetookaimatthebird,firedbutmissedit.2)ShewenttoLondonwiththeaimoffindingajob.3)Idrovefast,aimingatcatchingthelastbus.4)IaimtobeadoctorwhenIleaveschool.5)Theeducationprogram____combingbrainworkwithmanuallaborisbeingwidelyspreadthroughoutthecountry.DA.toaimatB.aimsatC.havingaimedatD.aimedat81.air【歸納】un空氣，大氣；天空，空中；神情，風(fēng)度，神態(tài)(常與the連用)Vt晾，晾干；使通風(fēng)；發(fā)表（意見，觀點(diǎn)等），炫耀Ontheair(用無線電，電視)播送intheair在空中byair乘飛機(jī)Puton(giveoneself)airs擺架子，裝出神氣的樣子【運(yùn)用】1)Itdoesusmuchgoodtogooutdoorstobreatheinsomefreshair.2)Sheputonacoldairwhenshemetmeintheshop.她在商店里遇到我時(shí)，擺出一副冷淡的神情。3)Theclothesneedtobeaired.這些衣服需要晾干。4)Weopenthedoorsandwindowstoairtheroom.我打開門讓房間通風(fēng)。5)heusedtoairhisknowledgeofhistory.他過去常常炫耀他的歷史知識(shí)。82.alikeadj相同的，相像的（常用作表語，前用much修飾）Adv.同樣地，一樣地1)Theyaretwinsbuttheyarenotmuchalike.雖然他們是雙胞胎，但長得不太一樣。2)YouandIthinkalike.你和我想法一樣。83.aliveadj(作表語，無比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))活著的；有生氣的，活潑的【聯(lián)想】三者均可表示“活著的”，區(qū)別如下：1.alive主要用作表語(有時(shí)可用作后置定語，但不用作前置定語)，可用于人或動(dòng)物。如：Hemustbestillalive.他一定還活著。He’sthehappiestmanalive.他世上最幸福的人。注：若alive本身有修飾語，則也可用作前置定語。如：Heisareallyalivestudent.他的確是一個(gè)十分活躍的學(xué)生。2.living可用作表語或定語，可用于人或物。如：Areyourgrandparentsstillliving?你的祖父母還健在嗎?Bothplantsandanimalsarelivingthings.動(dòng)物和植物都是生物。alive和living表示“活著的”，兩者含義很接近，只要句法適合，有時(shí)可互換。如：誰是當(dāng)代最偉大的詩人?正：Whoisthegreatestlivingpoet?正：Whoisthegreatestpoetalive?若需嚴(yán)格區(qū)分，兩者仍有差別：living通常是客觀描述某人,“尚在人間”或“健在”，而alive則主要指生與死的“界限”。如：HewasstillalivewhenIreachedthehospital.當(dāng)我趕到醫(yī)院時(shí)他還活著。3.live通常只用作定語(前置)，可用于動(dòng)物或植物，但一般不用于人。如：Heboughtsomelivefish.他買了幾條活魚。

Onlyafewlivetreeswereleftafterthefire.火災(zāi)之后