2020~2021學(xué)年下學(xué)期高一英語期末題型挑戰(zhàn)練(全國通用)06七選五(說明文)1Whensomeonemovesintotheneighborhood,it’sagoodopportunitytomakeafriend.1..Somakingthefirstmovewillbeawelcomegesture.2..Makethefirststepbypayingavisittoyourneighbors.Makeyourvisitbriefatfirst,justafewminutes,soyoudon’tcompletelyoverwhelm（壓倒，淹沒）theminthebeginning.Onceyoubreaktheice,conversationswillbeeasiertogoforward.Yourneighborswilltendtoaskyouforthingsaboutthearea,getrestaurantsuggestions,orjustgossipabouttheirday,3..They’llwanttoknowaboutsomenewchildrenintheneighborhoodtheycanplaywith,too.4..Offertoshowthemaroundyourareabypointingoutthegrocerystores,playgroundsandrestaurants.Thisisanespeciallygoodoptionforinwardindividuals,whocanenjoytheconversationwhenyouintroduceyourneighborhood.Endyourtourwithastopatthecoffeeshop,whereyoucanbuythemacupofcoffeebeforeheadinghome.Invitethemtoacommunityevent.5.?Thiswillhelpyouwelcomethenewpeopleandanyoneelseyouhaven’tconnectedwithyetinyourneighborhood.Youcandothisbyhavingablockpartyorinvitingthemtoacommunityevent,afarmers’market,alibrarysale,orsomethingsimilar.A.HavedinnerwiththemB.GivethemawalkingtourC.IntroduceyourselfandsayhelloD.Ifyouhavekids,besuretobringthemalongE.Somepeoplefeelcomfortableinvitingnewpeopleoverforahome-cookedmealF.Yourneighborswillwanttogetacquainted(熟識的)witheveryoneandeventhewholenewcommunityG.Whatcanbeabetterwaytogetclosertoyourneighborsthanbyinvitingthemtoanevent.【答案】1.F2.C3.D4.B5.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何和新鄰居交朋友。1.上文“Whensomeonemovesintotheneighborhood,it’sagoodopportunitytomakeafriend.”（當(dāng)有人搬到附近時(shí)，這是一個(gè)交朋友的好機(jī)會(huì)。）下文“Somakingthefirstmovewillbeawelcomegesture.”（所以邁出第一步是一種受歡迎的姿態(tài)。）F選項(xiàng)中的“Yourneighbors”承接上文內(nèi)容；“thewholenewcommunity”與下文一致，承上啟下，故選F。2.下文“Makethefirststepbypayingavisittoyourneighbors.Makeyourvisitbriefatfirst,justafewminutes,soyoudon’tcompletelyoverwhelm（壓倒，淹沒）theminthebeginning.”（第一步就是去拜訪你的鄰居。一開始你的拜訪要簡短，只有幾分鐘，這樣你就不會(huì)在一開始就完全壓倒他們。）可知，第一步就是去拜訪你的鄰居。做幾分鐘的短暫訪問。對應(yīng)了C選項(xiàng)中的“Introduceyourselfandsayhello”（介紹自己并問好）的內(nèi)容，故選C。3.下文“They’llwanttoknowaboutsomenewchildrenintheneighborhoodtheycanplaywith,too.”（他們也會(huì)想了解鄰居里的新孩子，他們也可以和他們一起玩。）對應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)中的“kids”，故選D。4.下文“Offertoshowthemaroundyourareabypointingoutthegrocerystores,playgroundsandrestaurants.”（主動(dòng)帶他們參觀你所在的地區(qū)，指出雜貨店、游樂場和餐館。）此段主要主要內(nèi)容是讓你去帶鄰居參觀，與B選項(xiàng)“Givethemawalkingtour”的內(nèi)容相符，故選B。5.根據(jù)空后面的“？”可知，此處應(yīng)該選擇疑問句，G.Whatcanbeabetterwaytogetclosertoyourneighborsthanbyinvitingthemtoanevent（有什么比邀請你的鄰居參加活動(dòng)更能讓你和他們親近呢？），對應(yīng)了下文中的“this”，符合段意，故選G。2Yourvaluesareyourbeliefsaboutwhat'srightandwrongandwhat'simportantinlife.6.Also,theycanbelearnedthroughwatchingyourfamilyandhearingtheirdiscussionsaboutthingsthey'reinterestedin.7.Whenyouknowyourvaluesandmakechoicesthatareinagreementwiththem,lifesuddenlybecomeseasier.Afterall,discoveringyourvaluescanmakeimportantdecisions,likeacceptingjobormakingabigchange,mucheasier.it'snecessarytofindoutourpersonalvalues.Toachievethis,youcanstartwithwhatyoualreadyknowaboutyourself.8.Forexample,ifit'smorallyimportantforyoutoarriveatyourworkplaceintimeandfocusonyourwork,it'llbetruethatbeinganhonestandefficientemployeeisavalueyoucarry.What'smore,yourownexperienceswillbeyourbesttoolinrealizingwhat'svaluabletoyou.9.Whywereyousopleased?Thinkaboutwhenyouwereproudofyourselfandwhyyoufeltthatpride.Besides,don'tbeafraidtolookahead:whatvaluesdoyouwanttotoyourfriends?10.Onceyou'vedeterminedwhatyourvaluesare,it'simportanttolooktothemeverydayandlivebythemtocreateyourbestlife.A.Wemakedecisionsbasedonourvalueseveryday.B.Ifyouwantotherstovalueit,itisvaluabletoyouC.Someofthesevaluesaredevelopedinyourchildhood.D.Yourvalueshelpdeterminewhatyoutrulywantoutoflife.E.Forexample,thinkbacktoatimewhenyouwerethehappiest.F.Afterall,yourvalueshaveadirectimpactonyourstandardsofbehavior.G.Bepatientwithyourselfanddevotethetimetodiscoveringyourvalues.【答案】6.C7.A8.F9.E10.B【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了價(jià)值觀在人們生活中的重要性以及怎樣確定自己的價(jià)值觀。我們可以通過觀察自己的行為來了解自己的價(jià)值觀，此外，還可以通過自己的經(jīng)歷以及對朋友的期待來了解自己的價(jià)值觀。6.上文“Yourvaluesareyourbeliefsaboutwhat'srightandwrongandwhat'simportantinlife.”說明什么是價(jià)值觀，下文“Also,theycanbelearnedthroughwatchingyourfamilyandhearingtheirdiscussionsaboutthingsthey'reinterestedin.(你也可以通過觀察你的家人并且聽他們所感興趣的事情來學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值觀)”說明價(jià)值觀形成的另一種途徑，其中Also是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)“Someofthesevaluesaredevelopedinyourchildhood.（其中一些價(jià)值觀是在你的童年時(shí)期形成的。）”與下文相銜接，故選C。7.下文“Whenyouknowyourvaluesandmakechoicesthatareinagreementwiththem,lifesuddenlybecomeseasier.(當(dāng)你了解了自己的價(jià)值觀并且做出的決定和你的價(jià)值觀一致的時(shí)候，生活就變得容易多了)”說明價(jià)值觀與做決定的關(guān)系，是對空格處的進(jìn)一步解釋，A項(xiàng)“Wemakedecisionsbasedonourvalueseveryday.（我們每天都根據(jù)自己的價(jià)值觀做出決定。）”與下文相銜接。故選A。8.下文“Forexample,ifit'smorallyimportantforyoutoarriveatyourworkplaceintimeandfocusonyourwork,it'llbetruethatbeinganhonestandefficientemployeeisavalueyoucarry.(例如，如果你覺得準(zhǔn)時(shí)上班和認(rèn)真工作很重要，那么做一個(gè)誠實(shí)并且有效率的員工就是你所持有的價(jià)值觀)”舉例說明了行為和價(jià)值觀的關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)該是總結(jié)性的一句話，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Afterall,yourvalueshaveadirectimpactonyourstandardsofbehavior.（畢竟，你的價(jià)值觀直接影響你的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）”是對下文舉例的總結(jié)，說明價(jià)值觀對行為有直接的影響。故選F。9.上文“What'smore,yourownexperienceswillbeyourbesttoolinrealizingwhat'svaluabletoyou.(此外，你自己的經(jīng)歷將是認(rèn)識你價(jià)值觀的最好工具)”總括性地指明了一種尋找價(jià)值觀的方法，E項(xiàng)“Forexample,thinkbacktoatimewhenyouwerethehappiest.(例如，回想一下你最快樂的時(shí)光)”承接上文，并且其中的youwerethehappiest與下文“Whywereyousopleased?(為什么你如此開心)”中的sopleased相銜接。故選E。10.上文“Besides,don'tbeafraidtolookahead:whatvaluesdoyouwanttotoyourfriends?（此外，不要害怕向前看:你想給你的朋友什么樣的價(jià)值觀?）”說明你想呈現(xiàn)給別人的價(jià)值觀，B項(xiàng)“Ifyouwantotherstovalueit,itisvaluabletoyou.（如果你希望別人重視它，它對你來說就是有價(jià)值的）”與上文承接。故選B。3CatsinancientEgyptManyofuslovecats.Theyarebeautiful,soft,cleverandloving.TheancientEgyptians(埃及人)consideredcats,alsoknownasMau,tobeveryimportant.Theyhonoredthemwithgreatrespect.11.Foronething,catshelpedpeoplebykeepingtheirhomesfreeofmice,rats,andsnakes.WithoutcatsEgyptcouldnothavebeentheimportantgrain-growing(谷物種植)centerthatitwas.12.Foranother,catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters.13.TheEgyptianslovedcatssomuchthatBast,anEgyptiangoddess,waspicturedintheformofacat.Bastappearedinartwork.Shewastheprotectorofthehouse.Thisideamadeaspecialconnectionbetweencatsandchildren.14.ThesafetyofallcatswasofgreatconcerntoancientEgyptians.15.ForeignerssometimestookcatsoutofEgyptsecretlyandtookthemtootherlands.EgyptiansoldiersweresenttopickupcatsfoundinothercountriesandbringthembackhometoEgypt.A.Thereweregoodreasonsforthat.B.TwotypesofcatsappearedinancientEgypt.C.Ingrainfields,catshelpedcatchratsandmice.D.Theywereabletohelppickupthewoundedbirds.E.TherewereevenlawsagainstgettingacatoutofEgypt.F.Anyonewhokilledacatonpurposewouldbeputtodeath.G.That'swhymostEgyptianfamilieshadcatsforgoodluck.【答案】11.A12.C13.D14.G15.E【解析】本文是說明文。文章說明了埃及人喜歡貓的原因（貓對埃及人谷物種植和捕獵方面有很大作用）以及喜歡貓的表現(xiàn)方式（在臉上畫貓、殺害貓的人會(huì)被處死）。11.下文“Foronething,catshelpedpeoplebykeepingtheirhomesfreeofmice,rats,andsnakes.（一方面，貓幫助人們使他們的家遠(yuǎn)離小鼠、大鼠和蛇）”和“Foranother,catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters.（另一方面，貓也被訓(xùn)練來幫助獵人）”說明了貓給埃及人帶來的好處，埃及人尊敬他們的原因；A項(xiàng)“Thereweregoodreasonsforthat.（這是有充分理由的）”的“reason”與下文的“Foronething，F(xiàn)oranother”，列舉原因“一方面，另一方面”相呼應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。12.上文“WithoutcatsEgyptcouldnothavebeentheimportantgrain-growing(谷物種植)centerthatitwas（沒有貓，埃及不可能成為重要的谷物種植中心）”說明了貓對谷物種植的重要作用；C項(xiàng)“Ingrainfields,catshelpedcatchratsandmice.（在谷地里，貓幫助抓老鼠）”說明了貓?jiān)诠任锓N植方面的具體作用，對上文起到了補(bǔ)充說明作用，“grainfields”與上文“grain-growing”相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。13.上文“Foranother,catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters.（另一方面，貓也被訓(xùn)練來幫助獵人）”；D項(xiàng)“Theywereabletohelppickupthewoundedbirds.（他們能夠幫助抬起受傷的鳥）”對上文貓對捕獵有幫助起到補(bǔ)充說明作用。故選D項(xiàng)。14.上文“Bast,anEgyptiangoddess,waspicturedintheformofacat.Bastappearedinartwork（埃及女神巴斯特被畫成了貓的樣子，出現(xiàn)在藝術(shù)展中）”，說明埃及皇后對貓的認(rèn)可并且在臉上畫成貓的樣子，使這種藝術(shù)行為得到了極好的傳播；以及“Thisideamadeaspecialconnectionbetweencatsandchildren.（這個(gè)想法在貓和孩子之間建立了一種特殊的聯(lián)系）”說明臉上畫貓這種藝術(shù)行為得到了孩子們的喜歡。G項(xiàng)“That'swhymostEgyptianfamilieshadcatsforgoodluck.（這就是為什么大多數(shù)埃及家庭都養(yǎng)貓來祈求好運(yùn)。）”對上文起到總結(jié)作用。故選G項(xiàng)。15.上文“ThesafetyofallcatswasofgreatconcerntoancientEgyptians.（所有貓的安全是古埃及人非常關(guān)心的問題。）”說明埃及人重視貓的生命；F項(xiàng)“Anyonewhokilledacatonpurposewouldbeputtodeath.（任何故意殺死貓的人都會(huì)被處死。）”中的“kill殺死”與上文“safety安全”相呼應(yīng)；說明了傷害貓生命的行為帶來的后果。故選E項(xiàng)。4Learninghowtousenewwordswellwillmakeiteasiertolearnalanguageandmakeyoumoreknowledgeable.16..Ifyouarecommittedtobuildingyourvocabulary,setagoalforyourself.Trytolearnthreenewwordsadayandusetheminyourspeechandwriting.Withgreatefforts,youcanlearnseveralthousandnewwordsthatyouwillrememberanduse.Writemore.17..Activelyexercisingyourwritingmuscleswillkeepyourvocabularystrong.Writeletterstooldfriendsanduselotsofspecificdetails.18.Ifyoutypicallyavoidcomposingmemosorwritinggroupemailsorparticipatingingroupdiscussions,changeyourhabitsandwritemore.Youmightaswellgetpaidwhileyouarebuildingyourvocabulary.Useflashcardsorpost-itnotesaroundyourhouse.Ifyou'regoingtomakeahabitoflearningnewwords,trysomesimplememorizationtechniques.Hangpost-itswiththedefinitionofaparticularwordyouhopetomemorizeabovethecoffeemaker,soyoucanstudyitwhilemakingyourmorningcup.19.Evenifyou'rewatchingTVordoingotheractivities,keepsomeflashcardswithyouandstudyyournewwords.Useaccurateadjectivesandprecisenouns.Thebestwritersaimtokeepitshortandaccurate.Getoutthedictionariesandusethemostaccuratewordspossibleinyoursentences.20..Awordisausefuladditiontoyourvocabularyifitreducesthenumberofthewordsinasentence.A.HaveagoalB.SetanexampleC.Don'tusethreewordswhenonewilldoD.Startkeepingadiaryifyoudon't,orstartablogE.ConsidertakingonmorewritingtasksatworkF.StickanewwordtoeachhouseplantsoyoucanstudywhilewateringG.Italsopaystocreateagoodhabitofguessingwhatthewriterisreallytryingtosay【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.F20.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了學(xué)會(huì)如何使用新單詞的幾點(diǎn)建議。16.此處為本段主旨句，根據(jù)其余各段首句的句式特點(diǎn)可知此處用祈使句，再根據(jù)本段的主要內(nèi)容以及空后一句中的“setagoalforyourself”的詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)得出答案，故A項(xiàng)（樹立一個(gè)目標(biāo)）符合語境。17.根據(jù)首句“Writemore”可知本部分內(nèi)容應(yīng)該圍繞“寫，練筆”展開，故D項(xiàng)（開始寫日記，如果不寫日記就寫博客）符合語境。18.本句是對下一句的總結(jié)和歸納，本段內(nèi)容與“多練習(xí)寫作”相關(guān)；且根據(jù)空后一句中的“composingmemosorwritinggroupemailsorparticipatingingroupdiscussions”可知，這些都是與“writingtask”相關(guān)的，故E項(xiàng)（考慮在工作中承擔(dān)更多的寫作任務(wù)）符合語境。19.本空前說在咖啡壺上面掛上便利貼，寫上你希望記住的一個(gè)特定單詞的定義，這樣你就可以一邊煮咖啡一邊學(xué)習(xí)它了，空后又說即使你在看電視或做其他活動(dòng)，也要隨身攜帶一些閃存卡，學(xué)習(xí)你的新單詞，由此可知，此處介紹的也是擴(kuò)大詞匯量的一種方式，故F項(xiàng)（在每株盆栽植物上貼上一個(gè)新詞，這樣你就可以邊澆水邊學(xué)習(xí)了）符合語境。20.空后一句是對所填句子的補(bǔ)充解釋，理解后一句可知，如果一個(gè)單詞可以減少一個(gè)句子中的單詞數(shù)量，那么它對你的詞匯量是一個(gè)有用的補(bǔ)充，故C項(xiàng)（用一個(gè)詞就行的情況下不用三個(gè)詞）符合語境。5Whenyou’remeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,you’reeagertomakeagoodimpression.Yourbodylanguagecanmakeagreatdifference.★ShakehandsfirmlyWeakhandshakescanmakeyouseemshyandanythingbutconfident.21.Youwon’timpressanyonebygivingthemapainfulhand.★22.Standupstraight,butdon’ttightenup,oryoumaylooknervous.Makesuretocheckyourpostureandstraightenupasneeded.★Keepasuitableamountofeyecontact23..Notonlyareyoupayingattention,butyou’reinterestedaswell.Wheneverthereisanaturalpauseintheconversation,feelfreetocasuallyglanceatsomethingelse.Eyecontactisgood,butnonstopstaringcanbealittleunsettling!★NodandsmilewhenappropriateTrynoddingthreetimestoshowthatyou’rereallyabsorbingwhatheissaying.Whenitcomestosmiling,24.!Ifyouturnupthecornersofyourmouthbutyoureyesremainneutral(無感情的),youcouldleaveabadimpression.★L(fēng)aughgenuinelyEvenifyou’reinaformalsetting,ifhehasclearlysaidsomethingthatwasintendedtoencouragealaugh,laugh!Showhimthatyouhaveasenseofhumor,andyou’relisteningtowhatheissaying.25.,laughterisagreatwaytohelpyoulookcheerful.A.KeepyourposturerelaxedB.makesureitreachesyoureyesC.keepyourfeetclosetogetherD.ThisappliestobothsittingandstandingE.Ifyou’reinaworryingornervoussituationF.YourhandshakeshouldbefirmbutnottootightG.Itisimportanttokeepeyecontactinaconversation【答案】21.F22.A23.G24.B25.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹第一次遇到別人并開始對話總是有挑戰(zhàn)的，作者介紹了五種方法給第一次見面的人留下好的印象。21.根據(jù)上文Weakhandshakescanmakeyouseemshyandanythingbutconfident.（軟弱的握手會(huì)讓你看起來很害羞，一點(diǎn)也不自信。）中handshakes對應(yīng)到F選項(xiàng)“握手要堅(jiān)定，但不要太緊”代入文中符合語境。故選F。22.本空為本段小標(biāo)題，再根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容Standupstraight,butdon’ttightenup,oryoumaylooknervous.Makesuretocheckyourpostureandstraightenupasneeded.（站直了，但不要繃緊，否則你可能看起來很緊張。確保檢查你的姿勢，并根據(jù)需要整理。）可知主要強(qiáng)調(diào)要保持姿勢放松。故選A。23.根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Keepasuitableamountofeyecontact（保持適當(dāng)?shù)难凵窠涣鳎┲衑yecontact可對應(yīng)到G選項(xiàng)“Itisimportanttokeepeyecontactinaconversation（在談話中保持眼神交流是很重要的）”代入文中符合語境。故G。24.根據(jù)下文Ifyouturnupthecornersofyourmouthbutyoureyesremainneutral,youcouldleaveabadimpression.（如果你翹起嘴角，但眼睛保持中性，可能會(huì)給人留下不好的印象。）可知微笑要直達(dá)眼睛中，故B選項(xiàng)“確保它到達(dá)你的眼睛”符合語境。故選B。25.根據(jù)下文laughterisagreatwaytohelpyoulookcheerful.（笑是讓你看起來快樂的好方法。）可推知如果你正處于焦慮或緊張的狀態(tài)，笑是讓你看起來快樂的好方法。故選E。6Mostpeoplewillhavetousepubictransportationatsomepoint,sotakethetimetolearnpropermanners.Don'tbeoneofthosepeoplewholeaveotherpassengerscomplaining.Followbasictrafficrules.26.Thisincludeshallways,stairwells,andotherareaswherethereisaconstantflowoffoottraffic.Ifyoumustpasssomeone,trytodoitontheleft,asyouwouldinacar.Beconsiderateofanyonewhoisdisabledorhasaserviceanimal.Watchyourbelongings.Notonlydoyouneedtoprotectyourbelongings,butyoualsoneedtoprotectothersfromyourbagsandbackpacks.Removeyourbackpackfromyourbacksothatwhenyouturnaround,youdon'tknocksomeoneover.Youshouldneverplaceabagontheseatnexttoyouwhenyouareonacrowdedbusortrain.Putitonthefloor.27.Holddownthenoise.Don’tinflict(使吃苦頭)yournoiseonothers28.Don’thavelongcellphoneconversationsuntilyoureachyourstop.Ifyoumustlistentomusic,wearearbudsandkeepthevolumelowenoughsothatonlyyoucanhearit.29.Doyourbesttomakesureothersdon'thavetodealwithsmellscomingfromyou.Youcanweardeodorant(除臭劑)toremoveorhideunpleasantsmells,butdon'tputontoomuchheavyperfumebeforegettingonacrowdedtrain.30.Don’tbringunsealedfoodanddrinkonpublictransportation.Smellstravelinsmallspaces.Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.A.Watchoverenvironment.B.Learnpoliciesaboutwearingfragrance.C.Youshouldstaytotherightasmuchaspossible.D.Thisincludesloudtalking,electronics,andsinging.E.Alwaysshowgoodmannerswhileridingpublictransportation.F.Ifyoudon'twantittogetdirty,placeitonyourlapsootherscansit.G.Youwillnotonlymakesomepeoplefeeluncomfortable,buttheymayalsobeallergictoit.【答案】26.C27.F28.D29.A30.G【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章中作者向大家介紹了幾個(gè)乘坐公共交通時(shí)應(yīng)注意的禮節(jié)。它們分別是：遵循基本的交通規(guī)定；注意自己的東西；降低噪音；照管好周邊的環(huán)境。26.考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的小標(biāo)題Followbasictrafficrules.“遵循基本的交通規(guī)則”，可知本段主要是關(guān)于基本的交通規(guī)則，且下文Thisincludeshallways,stairwells,andotherareaswherethereisaconstantflowoffoottraffic.“這包括走廊，樓梯井，和其他有固定步行人流的地方”可知此處主要是講步行時(shí)應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則，結(jié)合常識可知步行時(shí)應(yīng)該是靠右。故C選項(xiàng)“Youshouldstaytotherightasmuchaspossible.”（你應(yīng)該盡可能靠右。）符合上下文語境，故選C。27.考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的小標(biāo)題Watchyourbelongings.“注意你帶的東西”，可知本段主要是關(guān)于如何安放自己所帶的東西，上文Youshouldneverplaceabagontheseatnexttoyouwhenyouareonacrowdedbusortrain.Putitonthefloor.（當(dāng)你在擁擠的公交車和火車上的時(shí)候，你不要把你的包裹放在鄰座。把它放在地板上。）接下來F選項(xiàng)提到了如何安放包裹，故F選項(xiàng)“Ifyoudon'twantittogetdirty,placeitonyourlapsootherscansit.”(如果你不想把它弄臟，把它放在你腿上，這樣別人也可以坐下。)符合上下文語境，故選F。28.考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的小標(biāo)題Holddownthenoise.“降低噪音”，可知本段主要是關(guān)于在公共交通工具上，要盡量降低噪音。前句Don’tinflict(使吃苦頭)yournoiseonothers（不要讓別人吃你制造噪音的苦頭），接下來應(yīng)該是解釋或列舉各種噪音現(xiàn)象，D選項(xiàng)中的this指的是noise，故D選項(xiàng)“Thisincludesloudtalking,electronics,andsinging.”（這包括大聲說話，電子設(shè)備和唱歌。）符合上下文語境，故選D。29.考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的小標(biāo)題Watchoverenvironment.“照管好周邊的環(huán)境”，可知本段主要是關(guān)于照管好周邊的環(huán)境。本文以上出現(xiàn)的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句，且結(jié)合后文Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.可知本段應(yīng)該是關(guān)于公共交通工具上的環(huán)境問題，故A選項(xiàng)“Watchoverenvironment.”（照管好周邊環(huán)境）符合上下文語境，故選A。30.考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。上文Don’tbringunsealedfoodanddrinkonpublictransportation.（不要在公共交通工具上攜帶未封裝的食物和飲料。）以及Youalsoriskspillingandcausingadangerousenvironmentwherepeoplemayslipandfall.（你也有把飲料灑了的可能，并造成滑倒的危險(xiǎn)。）可知前面講帶未封裝的食物和飲料的危險(xiǎn)，接下來也應(yīng)該是講相關(guān)問題。故G選項(xiàng)Youwillnotonlymakesomepeoplefeeluncomfortable,buttheymayalsobeallergictoit.“你不僅會(huì)讓一些人感到不舒適，而且他們也可能對其過敏?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選G。7Areyoualwaysembarrassedatsocialevents？Ordoyouoftenstruggle(掙扎)toenterintoconversationsbecauseyouareshy？Ifso，yoursociallifeandcareermayhavebeeninfluencedinsomeway.31.Then，you’llbeabletoenterintoconversationswithconfidence.Behavelikeasocialperson.Youcanbehavelikeamoresocialcreatureevenifyoudon’tfeellikeit.Don’tallowanxietytoholdyouback.Makethedecisiontotalktonewpeopleandenterintoconversationsevenwhenyou’refeelingnervousaboutit.32.Creategoalsforyourself.33.Perhapsyouwanttopracticeoneparticularskillormaybeyouwanttoattendasocialactivityinyourcommunity.Setagoalandbegintoworkonskillsthatwillimproveyoursociallife.Offercompliments(贊美)generously.34.Offeryourcolleagueacomplimentonhispresentationatameetingorcomplimentyourneighboronhisnewcar.Complimentscanshowothersthatyouarefriendly.35.Therearemanybooksonthemarketthatcanhelpyoulearnspecificsocialskillsandwaystostartconversations.However，keepinmindthatreadingabouttheseskillswon’tmakeyouanexpert.You’llneedtopracticethemoverandoveragain.A.Askopen-endedquestions.B.Readbooksaboutsocialskills.C.Youcansetsomesmallgoalsforyourselfatfirst.D.Goodmannersgoalongwayinimprovingsocialskills.E.Itcanbeagreatwaytoopenthedoortoaconversation.F.Youwillfinditeasiertostartaconversationwithothersovertime.G.However，youcanimproveyoursocialskillsbyfollowingthetipsbelow.【答案】31.G32.F33.C34.E35.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何提高社交技巧的建議。31.上文提示“如果是這樣的話，你的社交生活和事業(yè)可能已經(jīng)以某種方式被影響?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“然后，你就可以帶著信心進(jìn)入?！背薪由舷挛?，G項(xiàng)However，youcanimproveyoursocialskillsbyfollowingthetipsbelow.（然而，你可以通過遵循下面的建議提高你的社交技巧。）切題。該項(xiàng)中的However與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，且該項(xiàng)與下文產(chǎn)生因果關(guān)系。故選G。32.上文提示“即使在你感到緊張的時(shí)候，也要下定決心去和陌生人交談，和他們交談。”承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Youwillfinditeasiertostartaconversationwithothersovertime.（隨著時(shí)間的推移，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與他人交談變得更容易。）切題。故選F。33.該段小標(biāo)題時(shí)“為自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“也許你想練習(xí)一項(xiàng)特殊的技能，或者你想?yún)⒓由鐓^(qū)的社交活動(dòng)?！背薪有?biāo)題和下文，C項(xiàng)Youcansetsomesmallgoalsforyourselfatfirst.（你可以先為自己設(shè)定一些小目標(biāo)。）切題。該項(xiàng)引出下文，故選C。34.該段小標(biāo)題是“提供慷慨的贊美。”再根據(jù)下文提示“稱贊你的同事在會(huì)議上的表現(xiàn)，或者稱贊你的鄰居的新車?！背薪有?biāo)題和下文，E項(xiàng)Itcanbeagreatwaytoopenthedoortoaconversation.（這是打開對話之門的好方法。）切題。該項(xiàng)中的it指代的就是小標(biāo)題。故選E。35.此空是小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)該用短小精悍的祈使句，在A/B項(xiàng)中選擇。再根據(jù)下文提示“市場上有很多書籍可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)特定的社交技巧和開始對話的方式?！庇纱丝芍珺項(xiàng)Readbooksaboutsocialskills.（閱讀有關(guān)社交技巧的書籍。）切題。故選B。8Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.36.Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.Askkids,"Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?"Andthentrythemout.37.Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.38.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbesochallengeforkids.Weknowwhat'sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?39.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories."Whydoyouthinkshe'scrying?""Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?""Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?"4.SelfExpressionBeingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.40..Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.A.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?B.Andwecan'tignorescienceeducation.C.Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon'tyetexist?E.Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.F.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill..G.Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas—music,acting,drawing,building,photography【答案】36.D37.A38.C39.E40.G【解析】本文是一篇說明文。如何幫助孩子發(fā)展他們的技能。一是培養(yǎng)孩子的好奇心，二是培養(yǎng)孩子的創(chuàng)造力，三是培養(yǎng)孩子的交際技能，四是要學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)自己的思想和想法。36.根據(jù)上文Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.（通過幫助他們發(fā)展經(jīng)典技能，無論未來如何，這些技能都將很好地為他們服務(wù)。）可知上文是在說明如何去應(yīng)對未來的工作。故選D：那么我們?nèi)绾螏椭覀兊暮⒆訛檫€不存在的工作做準(zhǔn)備呢?代入文章語境通順，故選D。37.根據(jù)上文Askkids,"Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?"Andthentrythemout.（問孩子們，“我們下次可以添加什么成分來做這些煎餅更好?”然后試一試。）中ingredient可對應(yīng)到A選項(xiàng)中thoseingredients，故選A“那些配料使煎餅更好吃了嗎?”。38.根據(jù)上文Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.（我們可以給孩子們以新的方式思考材料的機(jī)會(huì)。）中newways可對應(yīng)到C選項(xiàng)中的them,表示“你可以用它們做很多不同的事情?！狈险Z境，故選C。39.根據(jù)上文Weknowwhat'sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?（我們知道自己腦袋里在想什么，但別人呢?）可知是在說明要理解他人，故E選項(xiàng)“能夠讀懂別人可以幫助孩子們不會(huì)錯(cuò)誤地理解一個(gè)情況，跳到錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。”故選E。40.根據(jù)上文Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.（能夠以一種有意義的方式交流思想是一項(xiàng)有價(jià)值的技能。）可知是在強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)自己，故G選項(xiàng)“表達(dá)思想和想法的方式有很多——音樂、表演、繪畫、建筑、攝影。”符合語境。故選G。9Healthyeatingisnotjustaboutstrictnutritionphilosophies,stayingunrealisticallythin,oravoidingthefoodsyoulove.41..Ifyouformthefollowingsimplehabits,you’llsoonnoticethedifference.It’snotjustwhatyoueat,buthowyoueat.42..Healthyeatinghabitscanbelearnedanditisimportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodasnourishmentratherthanjustsomethingtoswallowonthewaytoschoolorwork.43..Chewyourfoodslowly,tastingeverybite.Wetendto