COMPREHENSIONQUESTIONS1.A12-year-oldboyisdiagnosedwithanupperbrachialplexusinjuryafterfallingfromatree.Hepresentswithhisrightupperarmathissideduetolossofabduction.Whichofthefollowingmusclesareprimarilyresponsibleforabductionofthearmattheshoulder?A.DeltoidandbicepsbrachiiB.DeltoidandsupraspinatusC.DeltoidandinfraspinatusD.SupraspinatusandinfraspinatusE.Coracobrachialisandsupraspinatus2.Injurytothelateralcordofthebrachialplexuswillalsoinjureitscontinuation,themusculocutaneousnerve.Whichofthefollowingfindingswouldyouobserveinapatientwiththisinjury?A.WeaknessofabductionofthearmattheshoulderB.WeaknessofadductionofthearmattheshoulderC.WeaknessofextensionoftheforearmattheelbowD.WeaknessofflexionoftheforearmattheelbowE.Weaknessofsupinationoftheforearmandhand3.A22-year-oldmanisbroughtintotheemergencydepartmentwithaknifeinjurytotheaxilla.Thephysiciansuspectsinjurytothelowerbrachialplexus.Whichofthefollowingnervesismostlikelytobeaffected?A.AxillaryB.MusculocutaneousC.VagusD.RadialE.Ulnar4.A24-year-oldmanisnotedtohaveamidshafthumeralfractureafterfallingfromascaffold.Whichofthefollowingmuscletestswouldyouperformtotesttheintegrityoftheradialnerve?A.FlexionoftheforearmattheelbowB.FlexionofthehandatthewristC.ExtensionofthehandatthewristD.Abductionoftheindex,middle,ring,andlittlefingersE.Adductionoftheindex,middle,ring,andlittlefingers5.Youareexamininganaxial(cross-section)magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)scanofthewristandhaveidentifiedthecarpaltunnel.Whichofthefollowingisthestructurethatformstheanteriorwallofthetunnel?A.PalmaraponeurosisB.VolarcarpalligamentC.FlexorretinaculumD.ExtensorretinaculumE.Deepfascia6.Ifthemediannervewereseveredinanindustrialaccidentatthewrist,whichofthefollowingmuscleswouldstillretaintheirfunction?A.FlexorpollicisbrevisB.AbductorpollicisbrevisC.OpponenspollicisD.LumbricalsoftheindexandmiddlefingersE.Lumbricalsoftheringandlittlefingers7.Youareevaluatingaradiographoftheonlybonyarticulationbetweentheupperlimbandthetrunk.Whichofthefollowingjointsareyouevaluating?A.GlenohumeralB.AcromioclavicularC.HumeroclavicularD.CoracoclavicularE.Sternoclavicular8.Yourpatienthassustainedanexternalforcetotheknee.Whichofthefollowingligamentshaspreventedabductionofthelegattheknee?A.ObliquepoplitealB.AnteriorcruciateC.PosteriorcruciateD.TibialcollateralE.Fibularcollateral9.Whichofthefollowingligamentspreventedposteriordisplacementofthetibiaonthefemur?A.ObliquepoplitealB.AnteriorcruciateC.PosteriorcruciateD.TibialcollateralE.Fibularcollateral10.Duringanabdominalhysterectomyforacancerousuterus,theobturatornervewasaccidentallysevered.Thisresultedinthepatientlosingwhichofthefollowingactions?A.ExtensionofthelegatthekneeB.ExtensionofthethighatthehipC.AdductionofthethighatthehipD.FlexionofthelegatthekneeE.Dorsiflexionofthefootattheankle11.Apatientcomestoyoucomplainingofhisinabilitytostandonhistiptoes.Whichofthefollowingnerveinjuriesismostlikelytobeinvolved?A.FemoralnerveB.TibialnerveC.CommonfibularnerveD.DeepfibularnerveE.Superficialfibularnerve12.A32-year-oldwomanisbroughtintotheemergencydepartment,becausesheisunabletoevertherfootattheankle.Whichofthefollowingnerveinjuriesismostlikelytobeinvolved?A.FemoralnerveB.ObturatornerveC.TibialnerveD.DeepfibularnerveE.Superficialfibularnerve13.Asanorthopedicsurgeonisoperatingintheposteriorcompartmentofthethigh,careistakentopreservethearterialbloodsupplytothemusclesinthatregion.Thesearebranchesofwhichofthefollowingarteries?A.DeepfemoralarteryB.FemoralarteryC.SuperiorglutealarteryD.InferiorglutealarteryE.Obturatorartery14.Whenwillapatient’sanklejointhavethegreateststability?A.WhenthekneeisflexedB.WhenthefootisdorsiflexedC.WhenthefootisplantarflexedD.WhenthefootisevertedE.Whenthefootisinverted15.Yourfemalepatientisunabletowalkonhertiptoes.Youimmediatelysuspectdamagetowhichofthefollowingnerves?A.SuralnerveB.TibialnerveC.CommonfibularnerveD.SuperficialfibularnerveE.Deepfibularnerve16.Apediatricheartsurgeonhasjustdividedthesternuminachildtorepairacardiacmalformation.Alobulatedgland-likestructureisseenimmediatelyobscuringtheheart.Thisismostlikelywhichofthefollowing?A.LungB.ThyroidglandC.ThymusD.LymphnodesE.Liver17.Asaradiologistexaminingacontraststudyofthepulmonaryvessels,youwillnotehowmanypulmonaryveinsenteringtheleftatrium?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.FiveE.Six18.A25-year-oldwomanunderwentsurgeryforathyroidnodule.Twomonthslater,shecomplainsofdrynessofskinandmusclespasms.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelyexplanation?A.LowserummagnesiumB.LowserumcalciumC.LowserumpotassiumD.LowserumsodiumE.Lowserumglucose19.Aninjurytothefacialnerve(CNVII)asitleavesthestylomastoidforamenwoulddisruptwhichfunction?A.TastetotheposteriortongueB.SensationtothecorneaC.SensationtothecheekD.SensationtotheanteriorscalpE.Wrinklingtheforehead20.Duringaphysicalexaminationofapatient,younoticeptosisofthepatient’slefteye.Thiswouldindicatetoyouthereisparalysisofwhichmuscle?A.OrbicularismuscleB.SuperiorobliquemuscleC.InferiorobliquemuscleD.InferiorrectusmuscleE.Levatorpalpebraemuscle21.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelayersofscalp?A.Skin,aponeurosis,denseconnectivetissue,periosteumB.Skin,looseconnectivetissue,aponeurosis,periosteumC.Skin,denseconnectivetissue,aponeurosis,looseconnectivetissue,periosteumD.Skin,aponeurosis,looseconnectivetissue,muscle,periosteumE.Skin,muscle,looseconnectivetissue,aponeurosis,periosteum22.A22-year-oldmaleisinvolvedinaknifefightafterasoccergame.Heisbroughttotheemergencydepartment.An8-cmlacerationthatinvolvestherightcheek,fromhisrighteartonearthecornerofhismouth,isnoted.Whichofthefollowingstructuresismostlikelyinjured?A.ParotidductB.SubmandibularductC.SuperficialtemporalarteryD.LingualarteryE.Mandibularbranchofthefacialnerve23.Anemergencycricothyroidotomyisthoughttobewarrantedduetoairwaycollapseandseverelaryngoedema.Whichofthefollowingisthemostaccuratedescriptionofthelocationofthecricothyroidmembrane?A.ImmediatelysuperiortothethyroidcartilageB.ImmediatelyinferiortothethyroidcartilageC.ImmediatelyinferiortothecricoidcartilageD.JustdeeptotheisthmusofthethyroidglandE.Immediatelyinferiortothehyoidbone24.An18-year-oldwomanarrivesintheemergencydepartmentcomplainingofpersistentepistaxis.Onexamination,thereisbleedingfromtherightnostril.Whichofthefollowinglocationsisthemostlikelysourceofthebleeding?A.AnteriornasalseptumB.PosteriornasalseptumC.AnteriorturbinateD.PosteriorturbinateE.Nasalfloor25.A24-year-oldmalewasinvolvedinaknifefightinabar.Heappearedintheemergencydepartmentwitha2-cmlacerationintheanterolateralneck.Thewoundwassuperficial,butthephysicianobservedmusclefibersjustdeeptothesuperficialfascia.Whichofthefollowingmuscleswasobserved?A.PlatysmaB.SternocleidomastoidC.OmohyoidD.TrapeziusE.Thyrohyoid26.Acli