-PAGE3-西南大學(xué)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院課程考試試題卷類別：網(wǎng)教專業(yè)：英語/英語教育/應(yīng)用英語2015年12月課程名稱【編號】：高級英語一【0848】A卷大作業(yè)滿分：100分Exercise1 E-CTranslation(1x30=30)ChooseanyoneofthefollowingpassagesandthentranslateitintoChinese.Passage1Obviouslynoonecanbeawhizateverything.Infact,successinoneareaoftenprecludessuccessinanother.Certainkindsofsuccesscanindeedbedestructive.Thedangeroftooearlysuccessisparticularlyacutewheneverachilddemonstratesspecialtalent.Irecallfrommychildhoodagirlwhoseskilloniceskatesmarkedheras“Olympicmaterial”.Whiletherestofuswereplaying,bicycling,reading,makingthingsandjustloafing,thisgirlskated—everydayafterschoolandallweekend.Herpictureoftenappearedinthepapers,andtherestofusenviedherglamorouslife.Yearslater,however,shespokebitterlyofthoseearlytriumphs.“Ineverpreparedmyselfforanythingbuttheice,”shesaid,“Ipeakedat17—andit’sbeendownhilleversince.”Passage2AsImentionedelsewhereonappearancesandfirstimpressions,themannerinwhichyoudressisoneofthebestimage-buildersofall.Iwould,asIsaidthere,prefertoowntwofine-qualitysuitsratherthanawardrobeoftwentycheapones.There’snoreasonwhythevastmajorityofthepeoplecannotaffordtoshopatthebetterclothingstores.Ifyourtasteinclothesispoor,Irecommendthatyouseektheadviceofagooddresserwhocanhelpyoucoordinateyourwardrobe.Thisisespeciallyimportantforthoseofyouwhodealwiththepubliconadailybasisasdoesthesalesman,retailer,businessexecutive,attorney,accountant,architect,andTVpersonality.Passage3Ifyoulookaroundyouatthemenandwomenwhomyoucancallhappy,youwillseethattheyallhavecertainthingsincommon.Themostimportantofthesethingsisanactivitywhichatmosttimesisenjoyableonitsownaccount16,andwhich,inaddition,graduallybuildsupsomethingthatyouaregladtoseecomingintoexistence17.Womenwhotakeaninstinctivepleasureintheirchildrencangetthiskindofsatisfactionoutofbringingupafamily.Artistsandauthorsandmenofsciencegethappinessinthiswayiftheirownworkseemsgoodtothem.Buttherearemanyhumblerformsofthesamekindofpleasure.Manymenwhospendtheirworkinglifeinthecitydevotetheirweek-endstovoluntaryandunremuneratedtoilintheirgardens,andwhenthespringcomestheyexperienceallthejoysofhavingcreatedbeauty.Exercise2 SkimmingandScanning(10x3=30)Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswertocompletethesentences.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.UniversitiesBranchOutAsneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticalstability.Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldeconomy,universitieshavebecomemoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsformaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers,offeringcoursesofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofallhumanity.Oftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.Overthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavinghomeeachyeartostudyabroadhasgrownatanannualrateof3.9percent,from800,000in1975to2.5millionin2004.Mosttravelfromonedevelopednationtoanother,buttheflowfromdevelopingtodevelopedcountriesisgrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdevelopedtodevelopingcountries,isontherise,too.Todayforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedoctoraldegreesawardedintheUnitedStatesand38percentofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmerica’sbestinstitutionsand10percentofallundergraduatesintheU.K.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born,andinChinamanynewlyhiredfacultymembersatthetopresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroad.Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheirundergraduateyearsinanothercountry.InEurope,morethan140,000studentsparticipateintheErasmusprogrameachyear,takingcoursesforcreditinoneof2,200participatinginstitutionsacrossthecontinent.AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsinsummerinternships(實習(xí))abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.YaleandHarvardhaveledtheway,offeringeveryundergraduateatleastoneinternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity-andprovidingthefinancialresourcestomakeitpossible.Globalizationisalsoreshapingthewayresearchisdone.Onenewtrendinvolvessourcingportionsofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocusedonthegeneticsofhumandiseaseatShanghai’sFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfacultycolleaguesfrombothschools.TheShanghaicenterhas95employeesandgraduatestudentsworkingina4,300-square-meterlaboratoryfacility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvisitregularlyandattendvideoconferenceseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses.Thearrangementbenefitsbothcountries;Xu’sYalelabismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinchina,andChinesegraduatestudents,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtrainingfromaworld-classscientistandhisU.S.team.Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStateshasconsistentlyledtheworldinthecommercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andapplicationssoftwareofthe1990s.Thelinkbetweenuniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplicationisoftenindirectbutsometimeshighlyvisible:SiliconValleywasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity,andRoute128outsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Aroundtheworld,governmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinCambridge,England,whereMicrosoftandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotechnologycompanieshavesetupshoparoundtheuniversity.Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremainsdeeplyhesitantaboutsustainingtheresearch-universitymodel.Mostpoliticianrecognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundiswelcome,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.Universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyasunwelcomingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation’swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograspthatwelcomingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand–likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory-strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStatesbecomeambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished(珍視)valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityaswelcominginternationaluniversitystudents.1. Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatpresent-dayuniversitieshavebecome_________. A.moreandmoreresearch-orientedB.in-servicetrainingorganizations C.morepopularizedthaneverbeforeD.apowerfulforceforglobalintegration2. Overthepastthreedecades,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreased__________.

A.by2.5million

B.by800,000 C.atanannualrateof3.9percent

D.atanannualrateof8percent3. IntheUnitedStates,howmanyofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringare foreign-born?

A.10%

B.20%

C.30%

D.38%4. HowdoYaleandHarvardpreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalcareers?A.Theyorganizeaseriesofseminarsonworldeconomy.B.Theyofferthemvariouscoursesininternationalpolitics.C.TheyarrangeforthemtoparticipateintheErasmusprogram.D.Theygivethemchancesforinternationalstudyorinternship.5. Anexampleillustratingthegeneraltrendofuniversities’globalizationis__________.

A.Yale’scollaborationwithFudanUniversityongeneticresearch

B.Yale’shelpingChineseuniversitiestolaunchresearchprojects

C.Yale’sstudentsexchangeprogramwithEuropeaninstitutions

D.Yale’sestablishingbranchcampusesthroughouttheworld6. WhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyfromthepassage?

A.IthousesmanycompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.

B.ItisknowntobethebirthplaceofMicrosoftCompany.

C.ItwasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity.

D.ItiswheretheInternetinfrastructurewasbuiltup.7. WhatissaidabouttheU.S