Unit5TextBringingUpChildrenWarming-upquestiondoyourememberplayingtogetherwithyourparentsorolderrelatives?Doyouthinkthatachildshouldbeallowedtoplaywithmud,water,sand,oranyothermessyordirtysubstanceuntilhe“growsoutofit〞?Wereyouallowedtodothatasachild?Whatwillgoodcommunicationteachchildren?Offeringexplanationswillhelpchildrenworkmattersout.Childrenwilldevelopasimilartrainofthought.Theywilllearntotalkandthinkinamoresophisticatedway.Ifparentsexpressemotionsandfeelings,theirchildrenwilllearnit’sokaytodothesame.Whenchildrenwanttotalkoraskquestionsencouragethem.Ifparentsaredismissive〔不屑于……的〕oralwayssaytheyaretoobusy,childrenmayexpressfrustrationandstopwantingtosharetheirthoughtsandfeelings.Ifthefamilyhastheproblemthatconcernsthechild,involvethemindiscussion,trytofindpossiblesolutionstogetherwithhimorher.Whendiscussingoptions,alsotalkaboutconsequences.Thepossibleoutcomewillinfluenceyourfinaldecision.Beopentochild’ssuggestionsLetchildtakepartinthenegotiationsandthedecision.Achildwhoexperiencesthiskindofcommunicationwillbecomeveryconfidentandlearntherulesofgoodcommunication.

Writedownthewordsinblanksaccordingtothemeaning

1.Increasinginamount__________________.2.Trainingandeducationduringchildhood____________________.3.Thesame_____________________________.4.Inone’snature_______________________.5.person’sdispositionornature___________________________.6.Findout,gettoknow_____________________7.Becomebentortwistedfromtheusual________________.8.Experiencedbythesenseoftouch_______________.9.Satisfyingone’sowndesires_____________________.10.Beingneitherearlynorlate____________________.11.Principlesofgoodbehaviour_________________.12.Givemoraladvice_________________.13.Clear______________.cumulativeupbringinguniformInnatetemperamentascertain

warptactile

indulgencepunctualitymoralitypreachmarkedNewwords_______________________〔家庭教養(yǎng)〕isaffectedbytheparents’capabilitiesand〔孩子天生的能力〕_______________________________.Upbringing教養(yǎng)：小時候所接受的撫養(yǎng)和訓練Familyupbringingtheinnateabilitiesofthechild.

uniform1)a.thesame;notvaryingordifferentinanyway

相同的Smallbusinessesaredemandingthat〔他們受到銀行的同等對待〕__________________________________________.Theyareuniforminsizeandshape.它們的大小和形狀都相同。TranslateUniform2).n.制服,軍服adressuniform軍禮服anundressuniform軍便服theyreceiveuniformtreatmentfromthebanksextendover持續(xù)，延續(xù)Thepeacenegotiationshaveextendedovertwoyears.Wehadamarathonrecordingsession〔錄音〕extendingover18hours.Translate和談已經(jīng)持續(xù)兩年Inoticethattheadvertisement____________________________我注意到廣告沒有提到產(chǎn)品的價格leaveout:omit,failtoconsider遺忘，疏漏leavesoutthepriceoftheproduct.Sheleftoutanimportantiteminheraccount.她的賬目漏掉了一個重要的工程。indulgence:gratifyingone’sowndesires,etc遷就，縱容Hishealthsufferedfromover-indulgenceinrichfoodanddrink.conformto符合，與……一致Thecountrysideshouldconformtoacertainideaofthepicturesque.鄉(xiāng)村應該與某種自然美保持和諧一致。BringingUpChildrenisanargumentativeessay.Theauthorsuccessfullydealswiththethesisindepthwithafocusonthecentralissue,hesetsforthhisviewsonbringingupchildren,witheachviewdiscussedfullyineachparagraph.Theviewsaremadebywell-consideredfactsandopinions,convincingexamplesandspecificcases.

Indevelopingthisessay,theauthoremployssuchmethodsasprovidingexamples,analyzingbycauseandeffect,givingdefinitionsandusingclassifications.IntroductionLearningthetextIntroductionandtextanalysisWhatdoes“upbringing〞meanandwhoareresponsibleforthedevelopmentofthechild?Howcanparentsknowthechildisnormalinphysical,mentalandsocialdevelopment?Whichislessreliably?Theauthorsetsforthhisviewsonbringingupchildren,witheachviewdiscussedfullyineachparagraph,whataremainviews?Theauthorsetsforthhisviewsonbringingupchildren,witheachviewdiscussedfullyineachparagraph,whataremainviews?1.Upbringingwithinthehomeandeducationatschoolareinterdependent.2.Intelligentparentsrealizetheparticularsettingofeachfamilyisunique3.Allparentshavetosolvetheproblemoffreedomanddiscipline.4.Achildmustbeallowedtoenjoythetactilestageofdiscoverybyplayingwithmud,waterandsand.5.Learningtogetherisafruitfulsourceofrelationshipbetweenchildrenandparents.6.Consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteachingastothedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild.

Weleftthecityforaruralhome.我們離開城市,去農(nóng)村安家。Helivedarurallife.他過著田園生活。ruraladj.農(nóng)村的Ingeneral,themoreruralthecommunity,theuniformarethecustomsofchildhoodupbringing.

一般說來,社會中農(nóng)業(yè)所占的比重越大，撫養(yǎng)孩子的方法也就越相同。Inmoretechnologicallydevelopedsocieties,theperiodofchildhoodandadolescencetendstobeextendedoveralongtime,resultinginmoreopportunityforeducationandgreatervarietyincharacterdevelopment.在科技更興旺的社會里，童年和青少年時期往往大大延長，結果兒童就有更多的受教育的時機，兒童性格的開展就更多樣性。

父母可以通過閱讀某些兒童教育領域的科技知識圖書，也可以通過與有孩子的親朋好友比較撫養(yǎng)孩子的記錄，來弄清孩子的體格發(fā)育、正常的智力和社交能力的開展是否正常，盡管后者由于實例較少而不如前者獲得的知識更具可靠性。Parentscanascertainwhatisnormalinphysical,mentalandsocialdevelopment,byreferringtosomeofthemanybooksbasedonscientificknowledgeintheseareas,or,lessreliably,sincethesampleissmaller,bycomparingnoteswithfriendsandrelativeswhohavechildren.

要允許孩子享受“臟〞，這是孩子探索世界的觸摸階段，而后在給孩子一些玩具和圖書，這些東西給孩子身體帶來的快樂比較少。Achildmustbeallowedtoenjoythis“messy〞buttactilestageofdiscoverybeforeheisreadytogoontothelessphysicalpleasuresoftoysandbooks.3Thisprinciple,infact,underliesallpsychologicaltreatmentofchildrenindifficultieswiththeirdevelopment,andisthebasisofworkinchildclinics.實際上，這個準側適用在兒童開展中障礙問題的心理療法，也是兒童診所的根底。underlie:bethecauseorbasisof(something).引起〔某事〕；構成根底〔或起因〕thefundamentalissuewhichunderliestheconflict.引起沖突的根本爭議。theunderlyingcausesofpovertyanddrugaddiction.貧窮和吸毒的根本原因

Ifthechildfeelstheworldaroundhimisawarmandfriendlyone,heslowlyacceptsitsrhythmandaccustomshimselftoconformingtoitsdemands.

如果這個孩子感到他周圍的世界很溫暖而友好，他就會慢慢接受這種教育，使自己的行為與這種要求相吻合。Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’sownhappinessandwell-being.總之，這種控制代表著父母的需要、社會的價值和孩子自己的幸福與健康。Iftheyarehypocriticalanddonotpracticewhattheypreach,theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheyhavebeentosomeextentdeceived.

。Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnotfoundationformorality.朝令夕改不利于孩子的道德培養(yǎng)。如果他們口是心非，言行不一，孩子就會變得無所適從，沒有平安感，甚至在某種程度上有一種被欺騙的感覺2Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’ethicsandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisillusion.如果孩子突然意識到，在父母的品行和道德之間存在著明顯的差異，他們會失望，這是很危險的。ExercisesComprehensioncheck1.T2F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T10.T1.B2.A3.A4.C5.D6.D7.C8.B9.A10.BDiscussionDoyouthinkyouhadenoughortoomuchencouragementtosucceedinchildhoodandearlyadolescence?Canyouthinkofexamples?Vocabularystudy1.uniform2.distinguish/recognized3.ascertained4.recognized5.unique6.outlet7.tactile8.rigid9.secure10.acquisition11.fruitful12.foundationTranslation人們普遍認為孩子在家里撫養(yǎng)與他們在學校所接

受的教育密不可分。ItisgenerallyacceptedthatupbringingofthechildwithinthehomeiscloselyrelatedtotheeducationofthechildinschooliscloselyrelatedtoItisgenerallyaccepted/peoplebelievedingeneral

upbringing

2.JenniferisthechiefofpersonnelfortheNewYorkHeraldTribune,wheresheisalsoresponsibleforspecialeditorialworkinthefieldofthepublicrelations.詹妮弗是《紐約先驅論壇報》的人事科長，在這家報社里，他還負責公共關系方面的特約社論工作thechiefofpersonnelspecialeditorialworkinthefieldofthepublicrelations.3.JeffmetRoseathissister’sbirthday’spartytwo

yearsago.Theyhavebeencommunicatingeach

otherbye-mailsincethen.ThemoreJeffknows

Rose,themorehelikesher.3.杰弗兩年前在他妹妹的生日聚會上認識了羅斯，從那以后，他們兩人一直通過電子郵件聯(lián)系，杰弗越是了解羅斯，就越喜歡她。Communicate/getintouchwith/keepincontactwith/getontosb.4.這個措施不僅有效地為下崗工人提供了就業(yè)時