第五講中藥名稱的譯法探討第五講中藥名稱的譯法探討板藍根RadixIsatidis大青葉FoliumIsatidis麥芽:FructusHordeiGerminatus阿膠:GelatinaCoriiAsini神曲:MassaMedicataFermentata焦三仙:MassaTrimedicataUsta飴糖:OryzanosumCumMalto雞黃:OvumCentracithaleGalli例如:趙崧,鄭子春,沈洪、《實用臨床醫(yī)藥雜志》2011年第15卷第7期基金項目:十一五“國家科技支撐計劃”項目。(江蘇省中醫(yī)院消化科;南京中醫(yī)藥大學)地榆、白芷、白蘞在潰瘍性結腸炎大鼠中得作用及機制探討EffectsofRadixSanguisorbae,RadixAngelicaeDahuricaeandCortexDictamniontheulcerativecolitisrats地榆RadixSanguisorbae

(拉丁)

GardenBurnetRoot

(英文)白芷RadixAngelicaeDahuricae(拉)AngelicaRoot

(英文)白蘞CortexDictamni(拉丁)

AmpelopsisRoot(英文)當歸-桃仁藥對配伍特點及其效應物質基礎研究

StudyonthecorrelationofchemicalconstituentsandactivitiesofRadixAngelicaeSinensisandSemenPersicae

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2011年10月第26卷第10期-----P2415劉立(南京中醫(yī)藥大學江蘇省方劑研究重點實驗室)【點評】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱桃仁PeachSeed(Kernel)

SemenPersicae

(拉丁)當歸ChineseAngelicaRootRadixAngelicaeSinensis(拉丁)玄參HPCE指紋圖譜得研究StudyonHPCEFingerprintofScrophulariaeRadix

《南京中醫(yī)藥大學學報》2011年9月第27卷第5期----474宋建平、鹽城衛(wèi)生職業(yè)技術學院;韓樂、南京中醫(yī)藥大學關鍵詞:玄參KeyWords:ScrophulariaeRadix【點評】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱玄參RadixScrophulariae

(拉丁)Scrophulariaeroot;FigwortRoot(英語)生長激素聯(lián)合續(xù)斷對去垂體幼齡大鼠生長及骨代謝得影響

EffectofGrowthHormonebinedwithRadixDipsaciontheBodyGrowthandtheBoneMetabolismofHypophysectomizedRats

《中國中西醫(yī)結合雜志》2011年12月第31卷第12期——P1690劉應科、張知新、衛(wèi)生部中日友好醫(yī)院兒科關鍵詞:續(xù)斷Keywords:RadixDipsaci【點評】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱巴戟天藥物血清對成骨細胞生物學特性得影響EffectofmedicatedserumofRadixMorindaeOfficinalisonskeletogenouscellbionomics

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2010年6月第25卷第6期:846凌昆,趙詣,郭素華(福建中醫(yī)藥大學)國家自然科學基金關鍵詞:巴戟天Keywords:RadixMorindaeOfficinalis【點評】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱傳統(tǒng)寒熱藥對附子大黃配伍研究、中藥與臨床2010、1(1)ThestudyofpatibilitymechanismoftraditionalHan-RecooperationofRadixAconitiLateralisPreparataandRadixetRhizomaRhei[關鍵詞]附子;大黃;配伍[Keywords]RadixAconitiLateralisPreparata;RadixetRhizomaRhei;patibilit

[基金項目]國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃(973計劃)大家學習辛苦了，還是要堅持繼續(xù)保持安靜二、中藥名稱得英語翻譯用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱雖然易于規(guī)范、易于區(qū)別,但卻難以辨認、難以上口。因為拉丁語就是一種死亡了得語言,就就是在西方,能熟練應用拉丁語得人也不多?！袄≌Z遭冷落,植物學家用英語命名新物種”參考消息2012年1月21日星期六:植物學新規(guī)定使用英語得以取代拉丁語來記錄物種,從1月1日起生效。在至少400年里,全球得植物學家依賴拉丁語作為她們得通用語,但這種熱情已經(jīng)冷卻。從文藝復興時期起拉丁語就就是國際植物學家得語言了。1、采用英語植物名稱對譯中藥名稱。例如:大黃:rhubarb代代花:bitterorangeflower雞冠花:cocksbflower蒲公英:dandelionherb貫眾:basketfern2、拉丁語英語化。如:栝樓:trichosanthesfruit(拉丁語為FructusTrichosanthis)黃芩:scutellariaroot(拉丁語為RadixScutellariae)黃芪:astragalusroot(拉丁語為RadixAstragaliseuHedysari)黃連:coptisroot(拉丁語為RhizomaCoptis)王建云、《中國中西醫(yī)結合雜志》2011年5月:667國家重大新藥創(chuàng)新課題(北京中醫(yī)藥大學東直門醫(yī)院消化科)人參大黃瓜蔞角藥配伍對動脈粥樣硬化進程中血脂四項及相關促炎因子得影響EffectofTriangleDrugsasGinseng,TrichosantheskirilowiiMaximandRhubarbonthelevelofBloodLipidsandRelatedPro-inflammatoryCytokinesDuringtheProcessofTreatingArtherosclerosis胡雅君、《中國中西醫(yī)結合雜志》2010年11月:1157

黃芪對宮頸癌患者Th1/Th2細胞功能調節(jié)作用RegulatoryEffectofAstragulusinjectiononTh1/Th2CellFunctioninPatientswithCervicalCancer紅花注射液防治游離皮瓣移植術后血管危險得臨床研究

ClinicalStudyofSafflowerInjectioninTreatingandPreventingtheVascularCrisisafterFreeFlapTransplantation《中國中西醫(yī)結合雜志》2011年10月第31卷-----P1322石寧寧等(河南省洛陽正骨醫(yī)院手外顯微外科治療中心)基金項目:國家中醫(yī)藥管理局中醫(yī)藥科學技術研究專項課題【點評】用英語翻譯中藥名稱甘草對小腸隱窩干細胞增殖中p53mRNA穩(wěn)定性及其表達得影響

EffectsofLicoriceonp53mRNAStabilityandExpressionduringtheProliferationofIntestinalCryptStemCells《中國中西醫(yī)結合雜志》2011年12月第31卷第12期——P1604賀毅、張嫻賀毅:廣州中醫(yī)藥大學第二附屬醫(yī)院中心實驗室。廣東省自然基金資助項目關鍵詞:甘草

Keywords:

Licorice【點評】用英語翻譯中藥名稱黃連與黃芩配伍時主要有效成分溶出率變化規(guī)律研究

Variationofdissolutionrateofmainactiveingredientofpatibilityofcoptisandscutellaria

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2010年4月第25卷第4期:613胡律江,趙曉娟(江西中醫(yī)學院藥學院)關鍵詞:黃連,黃芩Keywords:Coptis,Scutellaria【點評】用英語翻譯中藥名稱菟絲子含藥血清對成骨細胞代謝調控得影響EffectofDodder-ContainingSerumontheMetabolicofOsteoblastsInVitro關鍵詞:菟絲子Keywords:Dodderseed(SemenCuscutae)杜波、《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年11月第52卷第22期:1951【點評】用英語與拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱(三)、音譯中藥名稱經(jīng)過多年對外交流,中藥已逐步為西方有關人事所熟悉。她們雖然不會中文,卻能準確地說出中藥得中文名稱。這無疑就是中國醫(yī)藥在國際上影響不斷擴大得結果。人們感到無論采用拉丁語還就是英語翻譯中藥名稱,都不如直接采用漢語拼音音譯為好。所以近年來人們已開始嘗試采用漢語拼音音譯中藥名稱。桑葉:Mulberryleaf(SangYe)枇杷葉:Loquatleaf(PiPaYe)地龍:Earthworm(Dilong)牡蠣:OysterShell

(muli)(dilong)帝隆一條三環(huán)路,三個英文名SanhuanRD三環(huán)路、散歡路、傘患路3RDRing-Expwy(Expwy就是expressway高速公路得縮寫)SanhuanThrwy(Thrwy就是throughway高速公路、直達道路得縮寫)北京、上海三環(huán)路統(tǒng)一譯為3rdRingRd(四)、“三保險”或“四保險”得翻譯方式。在西方,為了保證中藥名稱翻譯得準確性,一般都采用“三保險”或“四保險”得翻譯方式。所謂“三保險”,就就是漢語拼音、英語與拉丁語同時并用翻譯中藥名稱,上面得四個例子就屬于“三保險”式翻譯。所謂“四保險”,就就是在“三保險”得基礎上再加上“漢字”。

厚樸:Houpo(magnoliabark;CortexMagnoliaeOfficinalis)甘草:Gancao(licoriceroot;RadixGlycyrrhizaeUralensis)半夏:Banxia(pinelliarhizome;RhizomaPinelliaeTernatae)當歸:Danggui(Chineseangelicaroot;RadixAngelicaeSinensis)杜波、《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年11月第52卷第22期:1951菟絲子含藥血清對成骨細胞代謝調控得影響關鍵詞:菟絲子EffectofDodder-ContainingSerumontheMetabolicofOsteoblastsInVitroKeywords:Dodderseed(SemenCuscutae)《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年4月

中醫(yī)常山治療酒精依賴患者30例臨床研究ClinicalResearchonChangshan(RadixDichroae)inTreatmentof30AlcoholDependencePatients

下面羅列一些《傷寒論》中常用中藥,希望同學們能掌握。Ephedra麻黃

HerbaEphedrae\mahuang

Characteristics:Acridandslightlybitterintaste,warminnature,andattributivetolungandurinarybladderchannels、Effects:Inducingdiaphoresis,allayingasthmaandinducingdiuresis、Indications:Exteriorsyndromeofexcesstypeduetoaffectionbypathogenicwind-cold;coughanddyspneaduetoattackofpathogenicwind-cold,andobstructionofthelung-qi;edemawithexteriorsyndrome;arthralgiaduetodampness-cold,carbunclesofyinnature,subcutaneousnodules,etc、Administration:Decoction:1、5-10g、CinnamonTwig桂枝

RamulusCinnamomi\guizhi

Characteristics:Aromaticinodor、Acridandsweetintaste,warminnature,andattributivetoheart,lungandurinarybladderchannels、Effects:Dispellingpathogenicfactorsfromtheexteriorofbodybydiaphoresis,warmingthechannelsandreinforcingyang、Indications:Exteriorsyndromeduetoaffectionbypathogenicwind-cold,arthralgiasyndromesduetowind-cold-dampness,obstructionofqiinthechest,chestpain,palpitationandslowpulsewithirregularintervals,phlegmretentionduetodeficiencyofyang,andalsoamenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,abdominalmassesduetopathogeniccoldintheblood,etc、AdministrationDecoction:3~10g、CoptisRoot黃連

RhizomaCoptidis\huanglianCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetoheart,liver,stomachandlargeintestinechannels、Effects:Clearingawayheat,dryingdampness,purgingfireandremovingtoxins、Indications:Damp-heatsyndromemanifestedasdiarrhea,dysentery,vomiting;febrilediseasemarkedbyhighfever,unconsciousnessanddelirium,dysphoria,insomnia,darkurine,hematemesis,epistaxis;suppurativeinfectiononthebodysurface,swollenandsorethroat,etc、AdministrationDecoction:2~10g、Rhubarb大黃

RadixetRhizomaRhei\daihuangCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetospleen,stomach,largeintestine,liverandpericardiumchannels、Effects:Relievingconstipationbypurgation,clearingawayheatandtoxins,purgingfire,promotingbloodcirculation,normalizingfunctioningofthegallbladderandcuringjaundice、Indications:Constipationduetostagnationinthebowels,hematemesisandepistaxisduetoinvasionofbloodbyheat,sorethroat,gumswellingandpainduetoflaringupoffire,skinandexternaldisease,jaundice,andotherdiseasescausedbybloodstasis、AdministrationDecoction:3~12g、Forpurgation,decoctlater(onlyboilfor15minutes)orsoakintheboiledwaterfororaluse、TrichosanthesFruit瓜蔞

FructusTrichosanthis\gualouCharacteristics:Sweetandbitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetolung,stomachandlargeintestinechannels、Effects:Clearingawayheatfromthelung,resolvingsputum,promotingflowofqitosoothechestoppression,moisteningthebowelstorelieveconstipation、Indications:Coughduetothelung-heatwithsymptomsofthicksputum,unsmoothexpectoration,chestpainduetoobstructionofqiinthechest,feelingoffullnessandstuffinessinthechest,carbunclesofbreast,pulmonaryabscessanddrynesssyndromeoftheintestineswithconstipation、AdministrationDecoction:10~30g、BitterApricotKernel杏仁

SemenArmeniacaeAmarum\xingrenCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,warminnature,slightlytoxic,andattributivetolungandlargeintestinechannels、Effects:

Relievingcoughandasthma,andmoisteningtheintestinetorelaxthebowels、Indications:Cough,dyspnea,andconstipationduetodrynesssyndromeoftheintestine、AdministrationDecoction:3~10g、Poria(Tuckahoe)茯苓

Poria\fulingCharacteristics:Sweetandblandintaste,mindinnature,andattributivetospleen,heart,lungandurinarybladderchannels、Effects:Promotingdiuresistoeliminatedampness,invigoratingthespleenandtranquilizingthemind、Indications:Edema,dysuriaduetofluidretentionwithinthebody;lassitude,anorexiaandloosestoolduetodeficiencyofspleen;palpitationandinsomnia、AdministrationDecoction:10~20g、PreparedAconiteRoot附子

RadixAconitiPraeparata\fuziCharacteristics:Acridintaste,hotinnature,toxicity,andattributivetoheart,kidneyandspleenchannels、Effects:Recuperatingdepletedyangtorescuethepatientfromcollapse,supplementingfireofthevitalgatetostrengthenyang,anddispellingcoldtorelievepain、Indications:Yang-exhaustionsyndromemarkedbyspontaneouscoldsweat,coldlimbs,indistinctandfaintpulse;kidney-yangdeficiencysyndrome,characterizedbyaversiontocold,coldlimbs,achesintheloinsandknees,spleen-yangdeficiencysyndromemanifestedasgastricandabdominalcoldpain,loosestool;edema,dysuriaduetodeficiencyofboththespleenandkidneyandwind-cold-dampnesspain、AdministrationDecoction:3~15g、Caution:Crudeherbispoisonousbutitstoxicityisreducedbypreparation、Mostofthepoisonousponentsaredestroyedaftertheherbisboiledformorethanonehour、Contraindicatedforpregnantwomen、DriedGinger干姜

RhizomaZingiberis\ganjiangCharacteristics:Acridintaste,hotinnature,andattributivetoheart,lung,spleenandstomachchannelEffects:Warmingthemiddlejiao,recuperatingdepletedyangtorescuethepatientfromcollapse,warmingthelungandresolvingtheretentionoffluid、Indications:Coldsyndromeofspleen-stomachwithcoldpaininabdomen,vomitinganddiarrhea;deficientcoldsyndromeofspleen-stomach;yang-exhaustionsyndrome;retentionofcold-fluidinlungwithcoughandthinexpectoration、AdministrationDecoction:3~10g、OysterShell牡蠣

ConchaOstreae\muliCharacteristics:

Saltyandastringentintaste,slightlycoldinnature,andattributivetoliverandkidneychannels、Effects:Calmingtheliver,suppressinghyperactivityoftheliver-yang,softeningandresolvinghardmassesandinducingastringency、Indications:Irritability,dizziness,tinnitus,palpitation,insomnia,dreaminess,causedbyhyperactivityofyangduetodeficiencyofyin;subcutaneousnodule,scrofulaandgoiterduetoaccumulationofphlegm-fire;sweatingduetodebility,seminalemission,enuresis,leukorrhagia,etc、AdministrationDecoction:15~30g(crushedanddecoctedfirst)、Powder:2~3gtid、Externaluse:Appropriateamount、Ginseng人參

RadixGinseng\renshenCharacteristics:Sweetandslightbitterintaste,warminnature,andattributivetospleen,lungandheartchannels、Effects:Replenishingtheqi,invigoratingthespleenandlung,promotingtheproductionofbodyfluidtoquenchthirst,tranquilizingthemindandimprovingmentalpower、Indications:syndromeduetodeficiencyofqi,deficiencyofspleen-qi,deficiencyoflung-qi,thirstanddiabetesduetoimpairmentofbodyfluid,irritability,insomniaandpalpitationinducedbyfright、AdministrationDecoction:3~10g;10~20gforshock、LicoriceRoot甘草

RadixGlycyrrhizae\gancaoCharacteristics:Sweetintaste,mildinnature,andattributivetospleenandstomachchannels、Effects:Invigoratingthespleen,replenishingqi,moisteningthelung,arrestingcough,relievingspasmandpain,andmoderatingthepropertiesofotherdrugs、Indications:Deficiencyofthespleen-qiandstomach-qi,shortbreath,asthenia,poorappetiteandloosestool;cough,dyspnea,suppurativeinfectionsonthebodysurface,foodordrugpoisoning,spasmandpainoftheextremities,etc、AdministrationDecoction:3~10g;upto30gfordeficiencyofheart-qi,foodanddrugpoisoning、思考題:人參、甘草、附子、大黃、黃連、黃芩、麻黃、桂枝、牡蠣性味、功效、歸經(jīng)清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒、活血化瘀、潤腸通便、利尿祛濕安神、平肝潛陽、回陽救逆,軟堅散結。孕婦禁用Contraindicatedforpregnantwomen、方劑得譯法方劑ScienceoftraditionalChineseprescriptionScienceoftraditionalChineseformulasFormularyPrescriptionology

從目前得翻譯實踐來瞧,方劑名稱大都用音譯。

《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年12月第52卷第24期:2106國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃李燕敏北京市朝陽區(qū)中醫(yī)醫(yī)院不同劑量大黃附子細辛湯治療慢性腎功能衰竭療效對比觀察EffectofDifferentDoseofDahuangFuziXixinDecoctiononChronicRenalFailure大黃黃連瀉心湯治療幽門螺桿菌陽性慢性胃炎得臨床觀察

中國當代醫(yī)藥2013年3月

ClinicalobservationofHppositivechronicgastritistreatedwithrhubarbcoptisxiexindecoction【關鍵詞】大黃黃連瀉心湯;幽門螺桿菌;慢性胃炎;臨床觀察[Keywords]Rhubarbcoptisxiexindecoction;Helicobacterpylori;Chronicgastritis;Clinicalobservation中醫(yī)方劑常見劑型及其翻譯湯:Decoction散:Powder丸:譯為Bolus(大丸藥)、Pellet(小丸藥)或Pill顆粒、沖劑:Granule片:Tablet膠囊:Capsule方:Formula、recipe湯:Decoction不