UNIT3

FOODANDCULTUREDiscoverUsefulStructuresTeachingobjectives:Inthisclass,youwillrecognizeandsummarizethemeaning,formanduseofthepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoice;usethepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoicetodescribeasituationthathappenedinthepast.Leadin動詞的變體第三人稱單數(shù)過去式現(xiàn)在分詞原形過去分詞does做did做doing做do做done做eats吃ate吃eating吃eat吃eaten吃1.I_________myhomeworkeveryday.

我每天做作業(yè)。2.I_________myhomeworkyesterday.

我昨天做了作業(yè)。3.I_____________myhomeworknow.

我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)。do時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞原形/第三人稱單數(shù)did時態(tài)：一般過去時結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞過去式amdoing時態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進行時結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+動詞ing4.I_________myhomeworktomorrow.

我明天要做作業(yè)。時態(tài)：一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：will/shall/begoingto+動詞原形willdoQ1：什么是過去完成時？Q2：過去完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)？Q3：過去完成時時間狀語有哪些？Q4：隱形的過去完成時一、過去完成時Q1：什么是過去完成時？Bythetimethepolicemangottotheshop,thethiefhadrunaway.警察到商店時，小偷已經(jīng)逃跑了。過去現(xiàn)在將來過去完成時是表示過去某個時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或一直延續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)?！斑^去的過去”理解“過去的過去”：過去過去的過去現(xiàn)在先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時。例：Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema.我到達電影院之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。hadbegungot

Q2：過去完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)？主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)肯定形式haddonehadbeendone否定形式hadnotdonehadnotbeendone一般疑問句had＋主語＋donehad＋主語＋beendone特殊疑問句疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done疑問詞＋had＋主語＋beendone①WhenmyfamilyandIhadjustarrived

inChina,wewentlookingforagoodplacetoeatinBeijing.②ASichuanrestauranthadbeenrecommended

tousbyafriend,andfinally,wefoundit.觀察下面句子，說出劃線部分的結(jié)構(gòu)類型及句中功能。①劃線部分是____________________，arrive這個動作是發(fā)生在went這個動作之前，表示過去的過去。②劃線部分是____________________，recommend這個動作是發(fā)生在found這個動作之前，而且是被動動作。過去完成時的主動語態(tài)過去完成時的被動語態(tài)Afterhe_____________(finish)hishomework,hewenttobed.3.Theclass____________(begin)whenIgottoschool.4.Thework_____________________(finish)byusbynineo’clockyesterday.5.Tomrealizedamistake____________________(make)byher.5.He_________(leave)beforeIgothome.語法填空。hadfinishedhadbegunhadleft2.Theproject______________________(complete)bytheendof1999.hadbeencompleted

hadbeenfinishedhadbeenmadebefore(連詞/介詞)+

過去的時間點“在...之前”by+過去的時間點“到...為止”bytheendof+過去的時間點“到...為止”bythetime+(一般過去時)“到...為止”Q3：過去完成時時間狀語有哪些？I________________(finish)readingthenovelbynineO'clocklastnight.We________________(learn)overtwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.They______________(plant)sixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.They___________(leave)beforewearrivedattheschool.

Breakfast___________________(serve)bythetimeIgotup.

ExamplesandExerciseshadfinishedhadlearnedhadplantedhadlefthadbeenservedMyfatheraskedmeifIhadfinishedreadingthatbook.Theladyshowedmethepicturesshehadpainted.Ibegantheworkafterhehadgone.1.在told，said，knew，heard，thought

等動詞后的賓語從句,

主句為過去時，從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，用過去完成時。Q4：隱形的過去完成時2.常用hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish等動詞的過去完成時表示過去未實現(xiàn)的愿望、計劃或者打算。例：Wehadintendedtohaveabarbecueintheopenair戶外, buttheweatherwasbad.[典例4]1.Ihadwished__________(become)adoctor,butIstudiedlawatcollege.2.They____________(plan)toseeusoffattheairport.tobecomehadplanned①Hardly/Scarcely/Seldom/merely...when；Nosooner...than一.....就否定詞置于句首，需要部分倒裝。主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。3.用于一些固定句型：1.Hardly

hadwesatdowntosupperwhenthephonerang.2.Scarcely

hadthevotesbeencounted,whenthetelephonerang.3.

Nosooner

hadIwalkedoutthanIrememberedthatIforgotmyhomework.[典例3]1.我剛到車站，火車就開了。(scarcely...when...)2.結(jié)果剛一宣布，人們就歡呼起來。(hardly...when...)ScarcelyhadIreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted.Ihadscarcelyreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted.

Hardlyhadtheresultbeenannouncedwhenthecrowdapplauded.It/This/Thatwasthefirst/secondtime(that)主+haddone這是/那是某人第一/第二次/第…次做…Itwasthefirsttimeshehadlefthermotherland.Itwasthe+形容詞最高級+名詞+(that)主+haddoneItwasthemostinspiringperformance(that)Ihadwatched.[典例5]1.Itwasthefirsttimeshe_________(leave)hermotherland.2.Itisthefirsttime(that)I_____________(speak)inpublic.3.This___(be)thefirsttimeIhadseenDadsofurious狂怒的.4.Itistimeforus________(pack)upandleave.5.[變]Itistimewe___________________(pack)upandleave.6.[變]ItwasthebestcoffeeI___________(taste).hadlefthavespokenwas

topackhadtastedshouldpack/packedisishashave3.用于一些固定句型：

1)用于wish后的賓語從句中，表示對過去未做成的事情的某種感嘆或愿望。如：IwishI

(be)thereatthattime.那時候我要在那兒就好了。（事實上我不在那兒。）IwishI

(tell)himaboutit.我要是沒告訴他那事就好了。（事實上我告訴他了。）過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).hadbeenhadnottold2)用于對過去事實進行虛擬的條件句中。如：IfIhadhurried,Iwouldn'thavemissedthetrain.如果我快點的話，我就不會誤了火車。Ifyouhadbeenattheparty,youwouldhavemethim.

如果你去了晚會，你就會見到他的。Hardly(1)______I_____(get)upthismorningwhenIhadastrangefeelingthatitwasn'tgoingtobemyday.I(2)______________(intend)tohaveabigbreakfast,butIhadnotime.IgotupsolatethatIhadtohurrytothebusstoptocatchmybus.Unfortunately,I(3)__________(step)onabananapeelandfellonmybackside.What’sworse,bythetimeIgottothebusstop,thebus(4)____________(leave).Ihadnochoicebuttorun.ItwasthefirsttimethatI(5)__________(run)toschool.WhenIgo