任務(wù)型閱讀與書面表達(dá)組合練(四)(限時40分鐘)Ⅰ.任務(wù)型閱讀(2017·鹽城市高三三模)Weallknowwhatmakesforgoodcharacterinsoldiers.We'veseenthemoviesaboutheroeswhodisplaycourage,loyaltyandcoolnessunderfire.Butwhataboutsomebodywhositsinfrontofakeyboardallday?Isitpossibletodisplayandcultivatecharacterifyouarejustaninformationageofficeclerk,alonewithamemooryourcomputer?Ofcourseitis.Evenifyouarealoneinyouroffice,youarethinking.Thinkingwellunderaneraofinformationmaybeadifferentsortofmoralchallengethanfightingwellunderahailofbullets,butit'sacharacterchallengenonetheless.Intheirbook,IntellectualVirtues,RobertC.RobertsofBaylorUniversityandW.JayWoodofWheatonCollegelistsomeoftheIntellectualvirtues.Wecanallgradeourselvesonhowgoodweareateachofthem.First,thereiscourage.Theobviousformofintellectualcourageisthewillingnesstoholdunpopularviews.Buttheslighterformisknowinghowmuchrisktotakeinjumpingtoconclusions.Theimpulsivethinkertakesafewpiecesofinformationandleapstosomefarawaytheory.Theperfectionist,ontheotherhand,isunwillingtoputanythingoutthereexceptunderidealconditionsforfearthathecouldbewrong.Intellectualcourageisself-regulation,RobertsandWoodargue,knowingwhentobedaringandwhentobecautious.ThephilosopherThomasKuhnpointedoutthatscientistsoftensimplyignorefactsthatdon'tfitwiththeirexistingparadigms(范式),butanintellectuallycourageouspersoniswillingtolookatthingsthataresurprisinglyhardtolookat.Second,thereisfirmness.Youdon'twanttobeapersonwhoabandonshisbeliefsattheslightestsignofopposition.Ontheotherhand,youdon'twanttoholdrigidlytoabeliefagainstallevidence.Themedianpointbetweenflaccidity(軟弱)andrigidityisthevirtueoffirmness.Thefirmbelievercanbuildasteadyworldviewonsolidmaterialsbutstilldelightinnewinformation.Hecangracefullyadjustthestrengthofhisbelieftothestrengthoftheevidence.Firmnessisaqualityofmentalalertness.Third,thereismodesty,whichisnotlettingyourowndesireforstatusgetinthewayofaccuracy.Themodestpersonfightsagainstprideandself-importance.He'snotwritingthosesentencespeoplewritetomakethemselvesseemsmart;he'snotthinkingofhimselfmuchatall.Themodestresearcherdoesn'tbecomearroganttowardhissubject,assuminghehasmasteredit.Suchapersonisdelightedtolearnfromanyoneatanystageinlife.Fourth,thereisautonomy.Youdon'twanttobeapersonwhoblindlyadoptswhateveropinionyourteacherorsomeauthorgivesyou.Ontheotherhand,youdon'twanttorejectallguidancefrompeoplewhoknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.Autonomyisthemedianofknowingwhentobowtoauthorityandwhennotto,whentofollowarolemodelandwhennotto,whentosticktotraditionandwhennotto.Finally,thereisgenerosity.Thisvirtuestartswiththewillingnesstoshareknowledgeandgiveotherscredit.Butitalsomeanshearingothersastheywouldliketobeheard,lookingforwhateachpersonhastoteachandnotlookingtojumponothersfortheirerrors.Montaigneoncewrotethat“Wecanbeknowledgeablewithothermen'sknowledge,butwecan'tbewisewithothermen'swisdom.”That'sbecausewisdomisn'tabodyofinformation.It'sthemoralqualityofknowinghowtohandleyourownlimitations.Charactertestsareexistingeverywhereeveninmoderneverydaylife.It'spossibletobeheroicifyou'rejustsittingaloneinyouroffice.Itjustdoesn'tmakeforagoodmovie.IntellectualVirtuesPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsIntroduction(1)________youarenotaheroatwarandliveinpeace,youstillhavechancestodisplayintellectualvirtues.Intellectualvirtues(2)________bytheexperts●Apersonwithintellectualcourageiswillingtosticktotheviewsnotwell(3)________.●Youshould(4)________flaccidityandrigiditytopossessthevirtueoffirmness.●Inadditiontotheestablishedsteadyworldview,youshouldbe(5)________________tonewideasandadjustyourbeliefflexibly.●Ratherthanbeingproudandself-important,modestpeopleare(6)______________onlearningfromotherswheneverpossible.●Autonomymeansyouhavetheabilitytomakeyourowndecisionsaboutwhattodoinsteadofbeing(7)______________bysomeoneelseortoldwhattodo.●Agenerouspersontendstoshareknowledgeandapplaudothersin(8)________oftheirachievements.●Youshouldbeagoodlistenerandlearnerinsteadoffinding(9)____________withothers.SummaryOnlywhenweknowhowto(10)______________withourlimitationscanwebewise.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文為說明文，同智識上的美德相關(guān)。)1．Though/Although/While信息概括題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Evenifyouarealoneinyouroffice,youarethinking...butit'sacharacterchallengenonetheless.”可知，盡管你不是一個戰(zhàn)爭英雄且身處和平年代，你仍然有機(jī)會展示你智識上的美德。故填Though/Although/While。2．listed信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Intheirbook...listsomeoftheIntellectualvirtues.”及右欄的內(nèi)容可知，此處指專家們列出的一些智識上的美德。故填listed。3．received/accepted信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第二段中前兩句可知，智識上的勇氣有一種明顯的表現(xiàn)形式，即樂于持有不受歡迎的觀點。4．balance信息概括題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Second,thereisfirmness.Youdon'twant...Themedianpointbetweenflaccidity(軟弱)andrigidityisthevirtueoffirmness.”可知，堅定這一智識上的美德就存在于軟弱和固執(zhí)的中間點上。由此可推知：你應(yīng)該平衡軟弱和固執(zhí)來擁有這種堅定的美德。5．open信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第三段的第五句可知，堅定地持有某些觀念的人，可以用可靠的素材搭建起穩(wěn)固的世界觀，但仍然樂于接觸新信息。beopento“愿意接受”。6．keen/bent信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句可知，無論處于人生的哪個階段，這樣的人都愿意向他人學(xué)習(xí)。bekeenondoingsth.“熱衷于做某事”；bebentondoingsth.“一心想做某事”。7．influenced信息概括題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知，自主意味著人們有能力就自己要做的事情作決定而不受其他人的影響或者按照他們說的去做。8．recognition信息概括題。根據(jù)第六段的第二句可知，慷慨大方的人往往愿意分享知識，認(rèn)識到別人取得的成績并能給予表揚(yáng)。9．fault信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第六段的最后一句可知，慷慨也意味著在別人希望自己被傾聽時予以傾聽，尋找每個人能為人師表之處，不因他人的過錯而批評他們。findfaultwithsb.“找某人的毛病，批評某人”。10．deal/cope信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)最后一段中的第三句中的handle的提示可知，這里應(yīng)填deal/cope。deal/copewithsth.“處理某事”。Ⅱ.書面表達(dá)(2017·南通市高三一模)請閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。PresidentXiJinpingstatedthatChinesetouristsshouldbebetterbehavedwhentravellingabroad.“Ourcitizensshouldbeeducatedtobehaveinacivilizedwaywhentravellingabroad.Donotthrowwaterbottleseverywhere.Donotdamagecoralreefs.Eatmoreseafoodandlessinstantnoodles.Spendmoretohelplocaleconomiesgrow，”saidXiJinping.Chinesetourismabroadhasgrownrapidly.Itisreportedthat100millioncitizenstravelledabroadlastyear,andthatnumberisexpectedtodoubleby2020asindividualwealthgrowsalongwiththeeconomy.Yettheawarenessofpropermannershasnotgrownasfastasthenumberoftourists.SomeChinesetouristshavebeenheavilycriticizedinrecentyearsformisbehavingwhiletravellingabroadforreasonssuchasbeingnoisy,jumpingqueuesanddamagingculturalrelics.Recently,incidentslikeChinesetouristsdrawinggraffiti(涂鴉)inanancientEgyptiantemplehaveseverelydamagedtheimageofChineseholidaymakers.Inresponse,theChinesegovernmenthasmadegreateffortstoeducateChinesetouristsonappropriatebehaviourwhentravellingbothabroadandwithinChina.[寫作內(nèi)容]1．用約30個單詞寫出上文概要；2．用約120個單詞闡述你對文明出游的看法，并用2～3個理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。[寫作要求]1．寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱；3．不必寫標(biāo)題。[評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。參考范文：ThegrowthinoverseasChinesetourismhasbeenmatchedbysometourists'badbehaviourabroad.Consequently,thegovernmentistakingactiont