PAGEPAGE17格里芬管理學英文題庫：領導職能第16章員工激勵與績效的管理1、Individualjobperformanceisdeterminedbymotivationandenvironment.1)TRUE2)FALSE2、Themotivationprocessbeginswith1)Effortstofulfillneeds.2)Aneeddeficiency.3)Evaluationofneedsatisfaction.4)Performance.5)Noneoftheabove3、Hygienefactorsarerelatedtothe1)Workcontent.2)Workenvironment.3)Esteemneeds.4)Growthneeds.4、AccordingtoMaslow,whentheneedsataparticularlevelaremet,theseneedsarenolongeramotivator,andthenexthigherlevelofneedsbecomesoperative.1)TRUE2)FALSE5、Self-actualizationneedsarethemostdifficultforamanagertoaddress.1)TRUE2)FALSE6、TheJapaneseusedtohavelifetimeemploymentwithonecompany.Butinthe90stheJapaneseeconomyexperiencedserioussetbacksandJapaneseworkerswereforcedtoaddress_____needspreviouslyalmostguaranteed.1)Physiological2)Belongingness3)Security4)Self-actualization7、AccordingtoHerzberg’stwo-factortheoryofmotivation,whichofthefollowingisamotivator?1)Pay2)Workingconditions3)Hygienefactors4)Anopportunitytoshowwhatyoucando5)Aqualitysupervisor8、Ellenclaimsherjobissoeasyshegoestoworktorelaxafterabusyweekend.Shesaysshe’llneverretire.UsingHerzberg’stheoryofmotivation1)Ellenneedstosatisfyheractualizationneed.2)ExistenceistheneedmostimportanttoEllen.3)HygienefactorsaremoreimportanttoEllenthanmotivators.4)TheneedforaffiliationmotivatesEllen.5)Ellenhasahigheffort-to-performanceexpectancylevel.9、Studentswhowanttheirexamsgradedandreturnedassoonaspossibleprobablyhaveahighneedfor1)Power.2)Affiliation.3)Security.4)Achievement.10、Peoplewithastrongneedforpowerpreferjobsthatofferachancetomakefriends.1)TRUE2)FALSE11、Theextenttowhichanindividualwantsaparticularoutcomeis1)Valence.2)Outcome.3)Expectancy.4)Performance.12、Whichofthefollowingfactorswouldmostlikelycauseanemployeetohavealoweffort-to-performanceexpectancy?1)Thecompanykeepsitspayschedulessecret.2)Theemployeeperceiveshisorherabilityaslow.Managementincreasesstandardsforreceivingabonuswhenworkersstartincreasingproductivity.3)Itisawell-knownfactthattheorganizationpaysbelowindustrystandards.4)Theemployeefeelsthattheorganization’srewardisnotadequate.13、Treatingeveryonethesameisfairaccordingtoequitytheory.1)TRUE2)FALSE14、WhenA&Pemployeesearnlargebonusesbaseduponhighratesofefficiency,thisisanexampleofaddressing__________expectancy.1)Effort-to-valence2)Effort-to-performance3)Performance-to-outcome4)Performance-to-valence15、Nateperceivesthatnomatterhowmuchhestudieshewon’tdoaswellasCarolonthetest.WhatmakesitworseisCaroldoesn’tevenstudy.AccordingtoequitytheoryNatewill1)Studyharder.2)Lowerhisgoal.3)TellCaroltostudy.4)StudywithCarol.5)Noneoftheabove16、Theleastproductivewaytogetemployeestoperformdesiredbehaviorsistouse1)Positivereinforcement.2)Avoidance.3)Punishment.4)Extinction.17、Rajsellsoffice-managementsoftwaretopeopleinthemedicalprofession.HissalesmanagerhasadvisedRajthatoneofhisgoalsthisyearshouldbetoincreasethetimehespendsonafter-the-saleservice.Rajseesafter-the-saleserviceasapooruseoftimethatcouldbeusedtosell.Intermsofthegoal-settingtheory,thelikelihoodthatRajwillachievehissalesmanager’sgoalislowduetoalackofgoal1)Consistencyanduniformity.2)Congruityandconsistency.3)Acceptanceandcommitment.4)Difficultyandacceptance.5)Conformityandflexibility.18、Positivereinforcementwillstrengthenbehavior.1)TRUE2)FALSE19、Behaviormodificationisatechniqueofapplyingtheconceptsofthe__________modelofmotivation.1)Reinforcement2)Equity3)Goal-setting4)Porter-Lawler20、AttheU.S.MilitaryAcademycadetsreceivedemeritsiftheyshowuptoclasslate,don’tkeeptheirroomsclean,andnumerousotheroffenses.Thisisanexampleof1)Positivereinforcement.2)Punishment.3)Avoidance.4)Extinction.5)Anextrinsicreward.21、Afixed-intervalscheduleprovidestheleastincentiveforgoodwork.1)TRUE2)FALSE22、Thetwomethodsofreducingthefrequencyofbehaviorarepunishmentandavoidance.1)TRUE2)FALSE23、Oscarlikestopassalonggossipaboutcoworkerstohissupervisor.However,hissupervisorjustignoreshiscommentsandkeepstalkingaboutwork-relatedissues.Hissupervisorisusing_____toweakenOscar’sbehavior.1)Punishment2)Extinction3)Avoidance4)Resentment5)Denial24、Robynsellsrealestateforalargefranchisedorganization.Shelikesthefactthatsheisallowedtosetherownworkgoals,makedecisions,andsolveproblemshavingtodowiththehousesthathercustomersarebuyingandselling.TherealestatecompanyforwhichRobynworksuses_____toenhanceemployeemotivation.1)Empowerment2)Autonomy3)Self-relevance4)Employees’needforaffiliation5)Employees’needforself-actualization25、Flexibleworkschedules,the4/40workweek,jobsharing,andhome-basedworkareallexamplesofwhatthetextcalls1)Workredesignplans.2)Goal-settingtheoryissues.3)Alternativeworkarrangements.4)Behaviormodificationplans.5)Organizationalmodifications.26、Employeesworkharderwhenearningsare1)Baseduponseniority.2)Higherthanaverage.3)Baseduponperformance.4)Equalforeveryoneintheorganization.27、Incentivepayplansresultinpermanentincreasestoanemployee’sbasecompensationattheendoftheyear.1)TRUE2)FALSE28、Anorganizationthatpaystwoworkersdoingthesamejobadifferentwagebecauseonehastheabilitytoperformmoretasksthantheotherisusingagain-sharingpaysystem.1)TRUE2)FALSE29、Whichofthefollowingisabasiccharacteristicofaneffectiverewardsystem?1)Rewardsaredistributedfairly.2)Therewardsystemoffersvariouswaystosatisfyindividualneeds.3)Therewardssatisfyemployees’basicneeds.4)Therewardsarecomparabletothoseofferedbyotherorganizationsintheimmediatearea.5)Alloftheabove30、EmployeeStockOwnershipPlans(ESOPs)representagroup-levelperformanceplanwherebyemployeesaregraduallygivenastakeinownershipofacorporation.1)TRUE2)FALSE第17章領導和影響的過程1、Leadershipis1)Aprocess.2)Aproperty.3)Usinginfluencetoshapebehaviorwithoutusingforce.4)Asetofcharacteristicsfoundinpeoplewhoareleaders.5)Alloftheabove.2、Apersoncannotbeamanagerwithoutalsobeingaleader.1)TRUE2)FALSE3、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanindividualwhoisleading?1)Apersonidentifyingdefects2)Apersonorganizingstafffunctions3)Afriendconvincingyoutotryanewrestaurant4)Apersonplanningdetailedevaluations5)Alloftheabove4、Allmanagershavelegitimatepower.1)TRUE2)FALSE5、Usingpowerbythemethodofinformationdistortionissometimesconsideredunethical.1)TRUE2)FALSE6、Powerderivedfromone’spositionwithintheorganizationalhierarchyisreferredtoas__________power.1)Referent2)Expert3)Legitimate4)Authority7、Abossnicknamedthe“AxMan”byhisemployeeswouldmostlikelyuse_____powerfrequently.1)Expert2)Legitimate3)Referent4)Reward5)Coercive8、ActorRonaldReganbecameapresident.WrestlerJessieVenturabecameagovernor.Thereisapoliticaltheorythatbecauseofthe_____powersthesemenhave,theirelectiontopublicofficewasvirtuallyguaranteed.1)Referent2)Expert3)Legitimate4)Coercive5)Reward9、Whenanemployeedoeswhatsheisaskedtodobecauseshewantstoearnabonus,herbehaviorisinfluencedprimarilybytheleader’suseof_____power.1)Reward2)Coercive3)Expert4)Referent5)Legitimate10、Themoreamanagerusescoercivepower,themore1)Powerhe/shehas.2)Authorityhe/shehas.3)He/sheisnotleading.4)He/sheisleading.11、Andrea,thedeputydirectorofpublicrelations,hasbeenwiththefirm27years.Herprimarypoweris1)Referent.2)Expert.3)Legitimate.4)Coercive.5)Reward.12、Apersoncanhavepowerwithoutusingit.1)TRUE2)FALSE13、Thetraitapproachtoleadershiphasidentifiedasmallsetofpersonalcharacteristicsthataccuratelypredictleadersuccess.1)TRUE2)FALSE14、Favorablenessofsituationisdeterminedfromthepointofviewofthe1)Subordinates.2)Leader.3)Peers.4)Organization.15、Situationalmodelsassumethereisonebeststyleofleadership.1)TRUE2)FALSE16、Whenaleader’sstyleandthesituationdonotmatch,Fiedlerarguesthatthemanagershouldchangehis/herstyle.1)TRUE2)FALSE*correctanswer17、Aparticipativeleaderwouldbepreferredbyanemployeewithahighinternallocusofcontrol.1)TRUE2)FALSE18、Danielhasbeenappointedleaderofaprojecttaskforce.Hislegitimatepowerinthispositionisminimal.Thetaskisunstructuredsincenoguidelinesexistfortheproject.Also,Danielhashadsomepersonalityclasheswithsomeofthetaskforcemembers,soleader-memberrelationsarepoor.AccordingtoFiedler’sLPCtheory,whattypeofleadershipstyleisappropriateinthissituation?1)Relationship-oriented2)Task-oriented3)Participative4)Transformationalleadership5)Noneoftheabove19、FrankreferstoDanashis“gotoguy.”WhentheprojectiscriticalDangetsthejob.Thisisanexampleof_____approachtoleadership.1)Path-goal2)Leader-memberexchange3)Vroom-Yetton-Jago4)Substitutesforleadership5)Lifecycletheory20、Oneoftheproblemswithmanyfamily-ownedbusinessesisthatthefatherormotherwhostartedthebusinessusesa(n)_____leaderbehavior.Sonsanddaughterswhoarebroughtintothebusinessarestilltreatedaschildrenratherthanasequals.Themembersofthenewergenerationaretoldwhattodo,howtodoit,andwhenitshouldbedone.1)Directive2)Supportive3)Participative4)Achievement-oriented5)Relationship-oriented21、AnimportantsituationalvariableinVroom’sdecisiontreemodelis1)Numberofsubordinates.2)Time.3)Locusofcontrol.4)Self-efficacy.22、Subordinateswhoareinthein-grouptendtohavebetterjobperformance.1)TRUE2)FALSE23、PresidentClintonwasanexampleofa_____leaderwhosethighexpectationsforthecountryandenergizedotherstoachievehisexpectationswhilemaintainingahighlevelofsympathyandunderstandingwiththeAmericanpublic,althoughhisoverallsuccessisdebatable.1)Charismatic2)Figurehead3)Symbolic4)Integrative5)Participative24、Aformal,inflexiblerewardsystemmayneutralizeleaderbehavior.1)TRUE2)FALSE25、Self-confidenceisanimportantcharacteristicof__________leadership.1)Task2)Employee-centered3)Substitute4)Charismatic26、Charismaticleaderswouldmakeextensiveuseoftheirreferentpower.1)TRUE2)FALSE27、Whichofthefollowingformsofpoliticalbehaviorismostlikelytoinvolvegivingsomethingtosomeoneinexchangeforthatperson’ssupport?1)Persuasion2)Inducement3)Creationofanobligation4)Coercion5)Campaigning28、Directandintentionaleffortstoenhanceone’simageintheeyesofothersis1)Impressionmanagement.2)Creationofanobligation.3)Aleader-memberexchange.4)Useoflegitimatepower.29、Managerscanreducepoliticalbehaviorby1)Usingcoercivepower.2)Providingfeedbacktosubordinates.3)Keepingtightcontrolofsubordinates.4)Keepingargumentsbehindcloseddoors.30、Politicalbehavioroccursatalllevelsandinalldirectionswithinorganizations.1)TRUE2)FALSE第18章人際關系與溝通的管理1、Thedifferencebetweencommunicationandeffectivecommunicationismutualunderstanding.TRUEFALSE2、Managersspendmorethanhalfoftheirtimecommunicating.TRUEFALSE3、GoodinterpersonalrelationswithinanorganizationareoftenasourceofConflict.Synergy.Entropy.Jealousy.4、Combiningoralandwrittencommunicationisoftentooconfusingtobeeffective.TRUEFALSE5、Whenthemessagetoanemployeeispersonal,non-routine,andbrief,themostappropriateformofcommunicationisaformalletter.TRUEFALSE6、Onedisadvantageoforalcommunicationisthatitcanlackaccuracy.TRUEFALSE7、“Noise”duringcommunicationoccursAllduringtheprocess.Duringtransmissionofthemessage.Duringencoding.Duringdecoding.8、Non-managersusehorizontalcommunicationmoreoftenthanmanagers.TRUEFALSE9、Inyouroffice,itisnotnecessaryforallmembersofyourstafftocommunicatedirectlywitheachother.Infact,themosteffectivecommunicationtakesplacewheneachsubordinatetalksonlywithyoubecausetheworktobedoneisrelativelysimple.Accordingtotheresearchoncommunicationsnetworks,whattypeofnetworkwouldbemosteffectiveinyouroffice?ChainYCircleAll-channelWheel10、Thecontentof__________communicationisoftensuggestionsandcomplaints.DownwardHorizontalUpwardNonverbal11、Amanagernotphysicallyintheofficeislikelytobecutoutofthegrapevine;whichisgoodbecausethegrapevineisgossip.TRUEFALSE12、ManagerswhorelyheavilyuponelectroniccommunicationgiveupvaluableInformalcommunication.Time.Feedback.Encoding.13、Youhaveajobinterviewinwhichyouandtheinterviewersitintwoarmchairswithnothingbetweenyou.Theroomisbrightandtastefullydecorated.Thesecharacteristicsareallpartoftheformofnonverbalcommunicationcalledimage.TRUEFALSE14、Whenalinesupervisorofthedayshiftcoordinateswiththelinesupervisorofthenightshifttheyareengagingin_____communication.VerticalUpwardDownwardHorizontalTransactional15、AworkteamcomposedofvariousfunctionalmanagerswouldtendtoencourageHorizontalcommunication.Professionaljargon.Downwardcommunication.Effectivecommunication.Amanagerialgrapevine.16、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofdownwardcommunication?EmployeesuggestionboxExpenseaccountfiledbyasalesrepresentativewithhersupervisorStandardoperatingprocedureLettertotheeditorinthecompanynewsletterAbsenteeismreportfromtheclerkwhokeepsemployeerecords17、Whichofthefollowingislikelytooccurifelectroniccommunicationisusedattheexpenseofface-to-facemeetingsandconversations?Itwillbehardertobuildastrongorganizationculture.Itwillbehardertodevelopsolidworkingrelationships.Itwillbehardertocreateamutuallysupportiveatmosphereoftrustandcooperation.Itwillbeeasierformembersoftheorganizationtoworkfromwidelyseparatedlocations.Alloftheabove18、AcommonindividualbarriertocommunicationisSemantics.Timing.Noise.Inconsistency.19、Recentresearchhasshownthattheinformationcarriedintheorganizationalgrapevineisveryinaccurate.TRUEFALSE20、Over90percentofthemeaningofamessageistransmittedthroughnonverbalcommunication.TRUEFALSE21、WhenaCEOmeetswiththeboardofdirectors,thisisanexampleofmanagementbywanderingaround.TRUEFALSE22、Ifamanagerdecidedtorespondtoagrapevineby_____,itwouldmostlikelybeawasteofhisorhertime.DeterminingwhothekeypeopleinitareTryingtogetinformationfromitTestingemployeereactionstovariousbitsofuntruegossipAttemptingtocontrolthekindofinformationinitAttemptingtoeliminateit23、Grapevinesarefoundonlyinverylargeorganizations.TRUEFALSE24、EdwardLewis,CEOofEssenceCommunications,strollsaroundtheorganizationandstartsspontaneousconversationswithemployeesandothersinvolvedwiththecompany.Hesaysitallowshimtokeephisfingeronthepulseoftheorganization.LewisengagesinManagementbyobjective.Formalgrapevinemanagement.Managementbyexception.Managementbywanderingaround.Participativemanagement.25、Ifyouwanttoengageinsuccessfulnegotiations,oneoftheimportantrulestofollowistohavethenegotiationmeetingheldinyourofficesratherthanintheofficeofthepartywithwhomyouarenegotiating.ThisisanexampleoftheuseofNonverbalcommunication.Transactionalcommunication.Oralcommunication.Statusdifferencesasabarriertocommunication.Noise.