名詞性從句(知識講解+高考必考題型練習)基礎知識定義：在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句，如：Iknowwhatyouneed.Theproblemiswhowillhelpyou.名詞性從句的分類英語中名詞性從句主要有：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句。如：Whomwewillchoosehasn'tbeendecided.Hewantstoknowhowhecandealwiththeproblem.Thisiswherehewasborn.Hemadeadecisionthathewoulddonatehismoneytothepoor.注意事項1.掌握名詞性從句的關鍵是理解、掌握名詞性從句的引導詞含義和在從句中的成分：先找到主句的主干（即主謂賓、主系表、主謂賓+賓補、主謂雙賓），然后在根據(jù)引導詞找到從句，弄清是哪種從句。2.從句的語序是陳述語序，不是疑問語序。如：Idon'tcarewhoyouare.Whatthisisdoesn'tmatter.3.引導名詞性從句的引導詞除了that引導賓語從句時可以省略，其余的都不能省略。4.這四種名詞性從句中都可以用到虛擬語氣。名詞性從句四種類別：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。(一)主語從句:1、定義:主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的句子。如:Whetheryou'llwinthegameornotdoesn'tmatterWhoeverwillattendthemeetingmustsignyournamehere.2、主語從句的引導詞:①從屬連詞:that，whether;如:Thatheisastudentistrue.②連接代詞:who，what，which;whoever，whatever;如:Whateverhewantsisneededbyhisparents.Whichisbetterisclear.Whatweshoulddonextisstillunknown.③連接副詞:when，where，how和why。如:Howweshouldfacethehardsituationisaproblem.Thatheisascientistisafact.【注意】在主語從句中只能用whether，不能用if(2)形式主語:一般來說主語從句都是放在句首，但有時為了使句子保持平衡，常用it作形式主語，把主語從句放后面。常以it作形式主語的句型有:①Itis+形容詞+that...Thathewillwinthematchiscertain.=Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch②Itis+名詞詞組(nowonder，anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,asurprise,afact,etc.)+that...It’safactthatwecan’tgo.Englishiseasytolearn③Itis+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,believed,etc.)+that...Ithasbeensuggestedthatmuchshouldbedonetostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.有人建議應做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。④Itappears/seemsthat.../Ithappensthat.../Itoccurredtomethat.../Itturnedoutthat...Itturnedoutthatnobodyrememberedtheaddress.結果發(fā)現(xiàn)沒人記得這地址。⑤Itdoesn’tmatterthat.../Itmakesnodifferencethat...Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewilleornot.她是否來這無關緊要。(二)表語從句:1、定義:放在連系動詞be，look，seem，sound，appear后充當復合句中的表語。如:Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.今日的中國不再是過去的中國了。2、表語從句的引導詞:①從屬連詞whether，asif/though，because，why，that。如:·ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了?！elookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看起來還與十年前一樣。That'sbecausehedidn’tunderstandme那是因為他沒有理解我。(That'sbecause.….強調原因)That'swhyhegotangrywithme.那正是他對我生氣的原因。(That'swhy..強調結果)Itsoundsasifsomebodyisknockingatthedoor.②連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever,whatever,whichever.如:Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher·Thatwaswhatshedidthismorning.③連接副詞where，when，how，why。如:·Theproblemishowhedidit.問題是他是如何做此事的。ThisplaceiswhereImetherforthefirsttime.·Thisiswhenhewasborn·ItiswhyIrefusedhisgift.【注意】(1)在表語從句中只能用whether，不能用if;(2)當連接副詞when/where/why/how引導表語從句時，可以表示“……的時候;……的地點;……的原因;……的方法”;如:Thatiswhyhelearns.Thisishowtheystudymaths.在含有表語從句的復合句中，當主句的主語是reason的時候，后面的表語從句要用that來引導，不能用why來引導。(三)賓語從句:1、定義:賓語從句是在復合句中充當賓語的句子。IknowthatheisaChinese.Theyaretalkingaboutwhattheylike.2、賓語從句的引導詞:①從屬連詞:that，whether，if;如:Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelpIdon’tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears②連接代詞:what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引導，如:Sheaskedmewhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass.I'lljustsaywhateveresintomymind.③連接副詞:when，where，why，how等引導。如:·DoyouknowwhentheancientOlympicGamesbegan?I’vebeenthinkingabouthowwecanmakethenewspapermoreinteresting3、賓語從句的時態(tài):①當主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或將來時的時候，其賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何適當?shù)臅r態(tài)。如:Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時)Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk她說她要在他桌子上留個便條。(從句是一般將來時)Shewillsay(that)shewenttoMountEmeiinthepast.(從句是一般過去時)②當主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時時，其賓語從句的時態(tài)一般要用適當?shù)倪^去時態(tài);但是此時如果從句表示的是客觀真理或者普遍存在的現(xiàn)象時，賓語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。如:Hesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.(從句是一般過去時)Hesaidthathewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.(從句是過去將來時)Theteachertoldthekidsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時)【注意】(1)whether和if引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別:①whether可以引導4種名詞性從句;if只能引導名詞性從句中的賓語從句;②whether引導的賓語從句可以作介詞的賓語，而if則不能。如:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethershewillwinthegame.③whether后面可以跟不定式，if則不能。如:Idon'tknowwhethertovisithimatthismoment④在whether..ornot結構中，不能用if。如:Idon'tknowwhetherhewillstayhereornotnexttime.(2)當doubt后面引導賓語從句時，如果主句是否定句時，doubt后面的賓語從句要用that引導;如果主句是肯定句時，doubt后面的賓語從句要用whether或if來引導。如:Idoubtwhetherhecanhelpme.Theydon'tdoubtthathecansucceed.(3)引導賓語從句的引導詞that一般情況下可以省略，但是當有兩個或者兩個以上的由that引導的賓語從句時，只有第一個賓語從句的引導詞that可以省略。如:Ibelieve(that)youcanstudyhardandthatyoucanmakeprogressinyourstudyinSeniormiddleschool(4)當that引導賓語從句，而且后面又有賓語補足語時，要用it做形式賓語，而把that引導的賓語從句放到后面。常這樣用的動詞有feel/think/make/conside1等。如:IfeeliteasythatastudentmastertheEnglishlanguage.Schoolsmakeitarulethatstudentsshouldgotoschoolontime.(5)當動詞think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine后面的賓語從句如果是否定句的時候，要把賓語從句中的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。如:Idon'tthinkIknowyou.Wedon'tbelievehewille.(6)當主句的謂語動詞是think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine，而且主句的主語是的一人稱的單復數(shù)時，變成反意疑問句的時候，反意疑問句部分的主謂要與從句的主謂一致。如:IthinkheisfromRussia,isn'the?Wedon'tbelieveshecansucceed,canshe?(7)當主句的謂語動詞是think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine等詞時，對賓語從句的某個成分進行提問時，要把特殊疑問詞提到主句前。如:Whodoyouthinkyouare?·Wheredoyousupposeheisfrom?(四)同位語從句1、定義:在復合句中用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句即解釋說明前面某個抽象名詞內(nèi)容的從句。常跟同位語從句的抽象名詞有fact，news，idea,truth,hope,problem，information，belief，thought，doubt，promise，question，doubt等。如:IcameupwithanideathatIwouldvisitmyformerteacher.Hehasthedoubtwhetherhecansucceed.2、同位語從句的引導詞:①從屬連詞:that，whether;如:Heputforwardthequestionwhethertheyshouldstartatonce·Iknowthefactthatheisadoctor②連接代詞:what，who，whose，what，which等引導。如:Ihavenoideawhosebookitis.ThatisaproblemwhichskirtIshouldbuy.③連接副詞:when，where，why，how等引導。如:Ihaveaquestionwhyhedidn'tehereyesterday.·Theyhadnoideawheretheywouldwork.3、同位語從句的幾種特殊情況:①當主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時，同位語從句常后置。如:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow故事是這樣的:威廉姆特爾用一支利箭殺死了國王。Wordcamethatourteamhadwonthegame.有消息傳來，我們隊獲勝了。②表示“命令、建議、要求”的名詞order，demand，suggestion等后接同位語從句時，從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣，即“should+動詞原形”，should可省略。如:Thesuggestionthateveryone(should)makeeffortstobeautifyourcampusisnecessary.每個人都應盡力來美化校園的建議是有必要的。*同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.(同位語從句，that不可省略)Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(定語從句，that在從句中作賓語，可省略)基礎過關檢測單項選擇1．Younowknow________anunarmedmancandoagainstamanwithagun.A．how B．what C．why D．which2．Wepromisethat________attendsthepartywillhaveachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever3．Asanewertothecity,Ihavegreatinterestindiscovering________thecityislikeandhavevisitedsomeofthepopularplacesrecently.A．how B．what C．when D．where4．WhenIwasalittleboy,thedinnerontheeveofSpringFestivalwas______Ilookedforwardtomost.A．which B．what C．when D．where5．Theexactyear____LuciaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas___theBeijingOlympicGameswasheld.A．which;whereB．when;whenC．which;whenD．when;that6．—Mary,couldyoupleasetellme________?—Ihavenoidea.Shehasbeensadlikethisforawhile.A．whatLindahappenedB．whyLindaunhappyC．whathappenedtoLindaD．whywasLindaunhappy7．Heisconfident______hewillmakegreatprogressifhepaysattentiontohisstudy.A．OfB．AboutC．ThatD．in8．—Couldyoutellme____wecanstartaconversationwithaforeigner?—Talkingaboutweatherisagoodchoice.A．WhereB．WhenC．HowD.why9．________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A．Which B．WhatC．That D．Where10．Astorygoes________ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A．when B．where C．what D．that11．—TheLegoBatmanMovieissopopularthesedays.Doyouknow_________?—Oh,letmesearchforitontheInternet.A．whatkindofmovieisitB．whereisitproducedC．howlongitlastsD．whenwasitproduced12．—Canyoutellmewhen________?—Abouttwoweeksago.A．doeshebuythecar B．didhebuythecarC．heboughtthecar D．hebuysthecar13．―Linda,couldyoutellme________Paris?―Sure.LastSaturday.A．whenMr.Johnsonleft B．whenMr.JohnsonwillleaveC．whendidMr.Johnsonleave D．whenwillMr.Johnsonleave14．Theforeigneraskedme________totheTian’anmenSquare.A．howcouldheget B．howhecouldgetC．howcanheget D．howhecan15．_________wasstrange,though,wastheveryfact_________shewaswideawakeand,accordingtoherbedsideclock,itwasonlyaquartertofour.A．It…that B．It…what C．What…that D．What…which16．Atfirst,Facebookinvestorsdidexperience_________analystArvindBhatiacalled“stickershock”afterlearningthatFacebookplannedtopay$19billionforWhatsApp,apanythathaddeclaredithadnoplanstomakemoneyanytimesoon.A．what B．that C．which D．a(chǎn)s17．Thereasonwhyhefailedis_________hewastoocareless.A．because B．that C．for D．becauseof18．Isthis______wemetthemlastnight?A．where B．place C．placeinwhich D．placewhich19．Whatshecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A．why B．what C．which D．how20．Manyoftheprocrastinators(拖延癥患者)oftencaretoomuchabouttheresultof________theyaredoingandinsistonitbeingperfect.A．however B．nomatterwhat C．whichever D．whatever考點一：主語從句&賓語從句&表語從句&同位語從句的基本用法1.Sheaskedme_______Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.A.

when

B.

where

C.

whether

D.

what2.______thepathofacountyistherightoneisamattertobedecidedbyitspeople.A.That

B.What

C.Whether

D.Why3.Everyoneonthisplanetisdifferent,andthat's______

makesitsuchabeautifulplace.A.When

B.how

C.what

D.why4.Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief______youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where考點二：名詞性從句連接詞的區(qū)別1.Itisreportedthatanewschoolhasbeenbuiltin___wasadesertedvillageafewdecadesago.A.

which

B.

what

C.

that

D.

where

2.Hesaidnothingexcept________hewilletoherbirthdayparty.A.

that

B.

what

C.

whether

D.

if3.Youmayhaveoneofthese；inotherwords，youmayhave________youchoose.A.

whichever

B.

wherever

C.

whenever

D.

nomatterwhich4.Iwouldappreciate_________youcouldworkwithustomunicatetotheAmericanpeople________therearenomorefundsavailableforfurtherimprovementofsocialsecurity.A.

itthat,if

B.

that,if

C.

itif,that

D.

if,that高考真題演練1（2022新高考II卷）“Idon'tknow___________tothankhim.”Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak______shecoulddosoremotely.3（2021新課標I卷）_____________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheoutofthisworldscenes.4（2021年北京卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout________shelived．5（2021年天津卷）WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A.whether B.whyC.what D.when6（2021年天津卷）ItseemedthatIhadbee________myparentshadwantedmetobe.A.WhenB.whereC.what D.whether高考必考題型練習閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1