新編大學(xué)英語跨文化交際教程Unit2PassageAEnglishCharacterEnglishCharacterObjectivesreserveToknowthegeneralcharacteroftheEnglishpeople.ToknowhowtogetalongwithanEnglishman.

KeyConceptcoldnessmodesty

Englishhumorsportsmanship導(dǎo)

入

TheHatandtheSkirtWhyarethethreegirls’reactionssodifferentfromeachother?Lead-inStoryOnthesunnybeach,threegirlsfromAmerica,JapanandChinarespectivelywereleisurelystrollingaround.Eachofthemwaselegantlydressedinabeautifulskirtwithadelicatehat.Theybecameeyeballattractionsonthecrowdedbeach.TheHatandtheSkirtSuddenlyagustofwindblewacrosstheseatothem,makingboththeirskirtsandhatsalmostflying.Atthatmoment,theAmericangirljustranafterherhatwhichwasblownaway,lettingherskirtflyinginthewind.TheHatandtheSkirtTheJapanesegirlpressedherhandsonherskirtassoonaspossible,totallyignoringherhat.TheHatandtheSkirtAstotheChinesegirl,sheputonehandonherhatandtheotheronherskirtimmediately,keepingbothsafe.TheHatandtheSkirtThedifferentreactionsofthethreegirlsareduetothefactthattheyarebroughtupindifferentcultures.AmericanpeoplearequiteopenwhileJapanesepeoplearewellknownfortheircomparatively

conservativepersonality.

ForChinesegirls,theyareusuallytaughttobedecentinpublic.ThatiswhytheChinesegirlinthestorypaidattentiontobothherhatandskirt.CultureNoteQueenElizabethIISirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill

DavidBeckhamPrincessDianaWhatdoyouknowsomeEnglishcelebrities?QueenElizabethII(1926-)ThecurrentChiefofState(國家元首)whosucceededtothethroneon6February1952."GodSavetheQueen",isthenationalanthemoftheUnitedKingdom.WinstonChurchillLaterPrimeMinister(1940-1945,1951-1955).Heisapolitician,militaristandwriter,andwontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1953.DavidBeckhamOneoftheworldgreatestsoccerplayers,heiswell-knownfortheBeckham’sfreekicks.(貝式任意球)PrincessDianaOnJulythe29th,1981,ashy19year-old,DianaSpencer,marriedCharles,thePrinceofWalesinLondon.Buttheirunhappymarriageendedin1996.Diana’slifeendedtragicallyinacarcrashinFranceonAugustthe31st,1997.Sheisstillrememberedforthelovesheshowedforothers,andformanywillalwaysbethepeople’sprincess.GroupDiscussionInyourmind,whatisanEnglishmanlike?GroupTaskconservativemodestself-conceitedcoldpolitesportsmanshiphumorouspracticalreservedmodesthumoroussportsmanshiptheEnglishcharacterKeywords:

AreservedpersonWorkingtogetherwithhimforyears,youmaynotknow1.doesnottalkverymuchtostrangers2.doesnotshowmuchemotion3.seldomgetexcitedwherehelives.howmanychildrenhehas.whathisinterestsare.

AmodestmanDonotpraisehimself--Youareaverygoodtennisplayer!--Yes.Iam.--I’mnotbad.--IthinkI’mverygood.Well,I’mkeenontennis./I’mveryfondofit.Humorous—highlyprizedBasedon:self-dispraiseconceitObject:theabilitytolaughatoneself:atone’sownfault,one’sownfailure,one’sownideals.Itisanattitudetolife:nevercruelordisrespectfulormaliciousMarriageProposaltoBernardShaw

Onceabeautifulanddissolute(放蕩的、風(fēng)流的)BritishactresswrotetoproposemarriagetoBernardShaw.ShesaidshedidnotmindBernardShaw'soldageanduglinessbecausehewasagenius.Andiftheycouldcombinethebeautyofthewomanwiththetalentsofthegreatman,thatwouldbegreatlyharmonious.“Withyourwisdomandmyappearance,ourchildrenmustbeperfect.”HumorBernardShawanswered,inaletter,thatherimaginationwassplendid,“But,whatifthechildrentakemyappearanceandyourwisdom?”英國式幽默往往表現(xiàn)于一兩句漫不經(jīng)心和輕描淡寫中。二戰(zhàn)期間英國遭受德軍飛機(jī)轟炸，一家商店貼出告示“Openasusual."過了兩天該商店被炸了一個大窟窿，商店把告示改動了兩個字，變成："Moreopenthanusual."英國人的幽默感使英國人在社交場合保持溫文爾雅、彬彬有禮的紳士風(fēng)度。它是消除劍拔弩張的人際關(guān)系的潤滑油。而且英國人的幽默感是自信心和優(yōu)越感的表現(xiàn)形式之一。因此，英國人對自己的幽默感也十分自豪。如果當(dāng)面對一個人說：“你沒有幽默感?！笨赡芫褪菍λ蟮奈耆?。

DiscussionWhenyoumeetwithanEnglishman,howtogetalongwithhim?

SuggestionsforgettingalongwithEnglishpersonalquestionslike“Howoldareyou?”oreven“Whatisyourname?”arenoteasilyasked.Questionslike“Wheredidyoubuyyourwatch?”or“Whatisyoursalary?”arealmostimpossible.Similarly,conversationinBritainisingeneralquietandrestrainedandloudspeechisconsideredill-bred(缺乏教養(yǎng)的).ItisalwaysperfectlyallrighttotalkabouttheweatherinBritain:everyonedoesit,andalthoughitisusuallyjustawayofmaintainingsmalltalk,itisakeyaspectofBritishlife.Ifyouareinvitedintoaperson'shome,itisnotpolitetoarriveearly.Yourhostesswillbepreparingforyou,andwillbemostembarrassedifyouarrivebeforesheisquiteready.Tenminuteslateisexcellent.Halfanhourlateisexcessiveandrequiresapologies.Englishpeopleattachimportancetoactioninsteadofemptytalk.SotheyarecalledManofAction.(行動之人)Theyalsolikedoingthingsbasedontheirownexperienceandwhichmakesthemconservative.

SuggestionsforgettingalongwithEnglishSportsmanshipSportsoriginatedinBritainboxing,rugby,football,hockey,tennis,cricketSportsmanship:(1)topracticeasportaccordingtoitsrules(2)showinggenerositytoone’sopponent(3)goodtemperindefeatfairplay公平競爭straightfromtheshoulder

adv.

狠狠地,直截了當(dāng)?shù)?一針見血地e.g.Ipreferapersonwhospeaksstraightfromtheshoulder,becausethenIknewexactlywhathemeans.belowthebelt

拳擊手腰帶以下部位(擊此部位為犯規(guī)行為)strikebelowthebelt.1.玩弄卑鄙手段，給人以陰險的打擊

e.g.Herremarkwasabitbelowthebelt.她的話有點(diǎn)不太公正。e.g.Mostofthecriticismhitbelowthebelt.大多數(shù)批評屬惡意中傷。neverhitamanwhenheisdown

Sportstermsinlifetokickoff=tostart.Themeetingkickedoffwiththedirector'sspeech.theballisinyourcourt=it'syourturn,it'syourdecision.Wealreadydecidedwhattodo,nowtheballisinyourcourt.outofleftfield=unexpected.Sheiladidn'tknowwhattodowhenshewasaskedthatquestionoutofleftfield.toplaythegame=toaccepttherules,todothingsintheexpectedorusualway.Ifyouwanttobepromoted,youhavetoplaythegame.

SportstermsinlifeThebirthofRugbyYoucannottalkabouttherugbyballwithoutfirsttalkingabouttheinventionofrugby,andyoucannottalkaboutthebirthofrugbywithouttalkingaboutWilliamWebbEllis.In1823WebbElliswasastudentatRugbyUniversity.Hepickeduptheballduringafootballgameandranwithitthroughtheoppositiondefensetoscorethefirsttryinhistory.Thisactionwastobethestartofthedivisionbetweenthedifferentfootballcodesandtheinventionof'rugbyfootball'.die-hardfootballfanEnglishpeoplehaveastrongloveforsports.Soccerisoneofmostpopulareventsandthere’salargenumberofloyalfans.Buttheirenthusiasmattimeshasturnedthemtoviolence.Crowddisturbancesoftenoccurred.Amongthefootballfans,Britishfootballfansarenotorious(聲名狼藉)allovertheworld.FootballhooligansCanyougivereasonsforEnglishman’sdisliketogotoofar?Discussion

1.Studythecaseonpage24.2.DotheDiscussiononpage25togetherwithyourgroupmembers.Assignments

Thankyou！新編大學(xué)英語跨文化交際教程Unit2PassageBAmericanCharacterGuessthenationalitiesofpeopleinthepictureAmericanChineseEnglishWhoarethey,AmericansorEnglishmen?AmericanSimonCowell(English)

ToknowthegeneralcharacterofAmericans.Tounderstandtherootsoftheirmaincharacters.pioneeringspiritfreedomequalitysocialmobility

theDeclarationofIndependenceAmericanDreamrags-to-richesrougharoundtheedgesKeyConceptsObjectives目錄CATALOG02RootsofAmerican

character03Sentenceunderstanding04Caseanalysis01Americancharacter

第一部分Americancharacter01Questions1.CanyousummarizethecharacterofAmericans?2.InwhatsenseisthepoineeringspiritstillanimportantpartoftheAericancharacter?3.WhatisAmericanDream?WhatisitsimpactonAmericancharacter?

4.WhatarethebasicrootsofAmericancharacter?5.WhyareAmericanaccusedofbeing“rough

aroundtheedges”?outgoingcheerfulefficientself-reliantfriendlypracticalinnovativecasualInyourmind,whatisanAmericanlike?Questions1.CanyousummarizethecharacterofAmericans?2.InwhatsenseisthepoineeringspiritstillanimportantpartoftheAericancharacter?3.WhatisAmericanDream?WhatisitsimpactonAmericancharacter?

4.WhatarethebasicrootsofAmericancharacter?5.WhyareAmericanaccusedofbeing“rough

aroundtheedges”?stern(堅定的),self-reliantcasual,friendlygracious,leisurely

第二部分RootsofAmericancharacter02RootsofAmericanCharacterthespiritofpioneeringthespiritoflibertythebeliefinequality1.thepioneeringspiritThepioneeringspiritresultedingoldrushwestwardmovementinsearchoflandandgoldbetweentheearly17thandlate19thcenturies.

Thepioneeringspiritis

stillanimportantpartofAmericancharacter.thepioneeringspiritinsearchof

greaterprosperityandfreedomThefrontier,unlimitedresourcesandopportunity,isolation,sparsepopulation,distancefromEurope.thepioneeringspiritEmbodimentsofpioneeringspirit

WestwardmovementThenewisbetter.Abetterwaycanalwaysbefound;thingscanalwaysbeimprovedupon.Justbecausewe’vealwaysdoneitthatwaydoesn’tmakeitright.Changemeansmovingforward.Tomorrowwillbebetterthantodayjustastodayisbetterthanyesterday.Beingoptimismaboutthefuture.AttitudestowardsChangewastemovinghardworkinginnovativecreativeadventurousoptimistic

rootlessnessisolationindifferenceshallowrelationship2.thespiritoflibertyOnSep.16,1620,theMayflower,afamousshiptransportedthefirstgenerationimmigrants,knownasthePilgrimsfromEnglandtoPlymouth,Massachusettstopursuereligiousfreedom.Duringitstrans-AtlanticvoyageofSeptember6–November9,1620,themajorityofthembecomingthesettlersofPlymouthColonyinwhatisnowMassachusetts.Ofthepassengers,37weremembersoftheseparatistLeidencongregation(萊頓會)seekingtocreateafoundationofChristianityaccordingtotheirowntheologyintheNewWorld.TheMayflowerlaunchedwith102passengers,abouthalfoftheseemigrantsdiedinthefirstwinter.ManyAmericanscantracetheirancestrybacktooneormoreoftheseindividualswho,'Saints'and'Strangers'together,wouldbecomeknownasthePilgrims(清教徒).

thespiritoflibertythespiritoflibertyFormanyimmigrants,theStatueofLiberty,or,LibertyEnlighteningtheWorldwastheirfirstviewoftheUnitedStates,signifyingfreedomandpersonalliberty.

theStatueofLiberty

happy,optimistic,hardworking,self-dependent,materialism

Theconceptoffateanddestiny

Youcanbewhateveryouwanttobe.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.TheAmericandreamisrags-to-riches.self-centered...AmericanView—Theconceptofself-determination

negatesmuchoftheinfluenceoffateanddestiny.Parentstelltheirchildrentheycanbewhatevertheywanttobewhentheygrowup.Therearefewgivensinlife,andpeoplehavelittlesenseofexternallimits.Lackofsuccessistheirownfault.

Theconceptoffateanddestiny2.beliefinequalityWeholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,…Thesentencehasbeencalled“oneofthebest-knownsentencesintheEnglishlanguage”and“themostpotentandconsequentialwordsinAmericanhistory”.beliefinequalityTheAmericanbeliefinequalityisillustratedbytheAmericanDream.beliefinequalityWhatistheAmericanDream?What’sitsimpactonAmericancharacter?

It’sthebeliefthatanyindividual,nomatterhowpoor,canachievewealthandfamethroughdiligenceandvirtue.(Para.10)beliefinequalityoptimistic,hardworking,self-dependentItsimpactTranslationAnswer

人人都希望有一天能出人頭地。Everyonewantstobesomebodysomeday..beliefinequalityTHECONCEPTOFEQUALITYPeopletrytotreateveryonethesame.Whilejogging,thePresidentstopsatMcDonald’sformorningcoffee.Puttingonairsisfrownedupon.InastrongreactiontotherepressiveclassstructureinEurope,Americanscreatedaculturevirtuallybuiltaroundegalitarianism:thenotionthatnooneissuperiortoanyoneelsebecauseofbirth,power,fame,orwealth.Wearenotallthesame,butweareallofequalvalue.beliefinequalityTellingsomeonetohelpthemselvestowhat’sintherefrigeratoriscommon.Usingfirstnameswithpeopleyou’vejustmetisfine.Usingtitleslike“Dr.”forsomeonewithaPh.D.ispresumptuous（冒昧的）.Becauseofthestrongegalitarianethos,Americanstendtobecasualandinformalinsocialandprofessionalinteractions.Informalityisalsomorenecessaryinamobilesocietywherepeoplearealwaysmeetingnewpeople.Wedon’tstandonceremony（禮儀）,norusetitlesorrankinaddressingeachother.beliefinequalitythespiritofpioneeringthespiritoflibertythe

beliefinequalityAmericanDreamAmericanCharacterIngroups,discussthequestionbelow.(1)PleasesummarizethegeneralcharacterofAmericans,(2)then

givethepossiblereasonsforthesecharacters.

CharacterofAmericans1.casual2.friendly3.outgoing4.optimistic5.creative6.adventurous7.self-reliance8.hardworking9.freedom10.beingequal11.youngandhappy

12.energetic13.moving14.materialistic15.rootless16.isolated17.indifferent18.shallowrelationship19.wasteful20.rougharoundtheedges...……

第三部分SentenceUnderstanding031.“Nowthatmostofthenation'swildernessissettled,thefrontierofoute