英語選修⑧·人教版新課標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)Unit4

PygmalionSectionⅠ

Warmingup；Pre-reading，Reading&Comprehending1自主預(yù)習(xí)2合作探究3鞏固提升4課時(shí)作業(yè)自主預(yù)習(xí)Ⅰ.單詞速記1．

________(n.)情節(jié)；陰謀2．___________(vi.)吹口哨；發(fā)出汽笛聲；(n.)口哨聲；汽笛聲3．__________(n.)皮夾；錢包4．_____________(adj.)光輝燦爛的；杰出的；才華橫溢的5．____________(vt.)把……分類；把……歸類6．__________(n)談?wù)?；言論；評述(vt.&vi)談?wù)?；評論；說起7．___________(vt.)譴責(zé)；使……注定8．__________(n.)身份；地位；職位plot

whistle

wallet

brilliant

classify

remark

condemn

status

13．trouble(n.)麻煩→_______________(adj.)帶來麻煩的；使人心煩的14．proper(adj.)適當(dāng)?shù)模磺‘?dāng)?shù)摹鷂___________(adv.)適當(dāng)?shù)?；恰?dāng)?shù)?5．mistake(n.)錯(cuò)誤→____________(adj.)(見解或判斷上)錯(cuò)誤的；不正確的troublesome

properly

mistaken

Ⅱ.短語互譯1．(把某人)改變或冒充成 ___________________________2．結(jié)識；與……相見 ______________________________3．一般來說 _______________________4．就……來說；從……角度 _________________5．inalldirections ______________6．handover ______________7．a(chǎn)handfulof __________________8．indisguise __________________________9．inamazement ______________pass...offas...

makeone’sacquaintance

generallyspeaking

intermsof

朝四面八方交出；移交少數(shù)(人或物)

偽裝(的)；假扮(的)

震驚；驚訝Whatif

Oncecaught

Ⅳ.課文理解(Ⅰ)閱讀課文，選出最佳答案1．ThistextismainlyaboutthefirstexperienceofElizameetingwith______.A．ProfessorHigginsB．ColonelPickeringC．ProfessorHigginsandColonelPickeringD．a(chǎn)gentlemanC

2．Elizagreetedthegentlemaninorderto______.A．a(chǎn)skhimtobuysomeflowersfromherB．talkwithhimC．a(chǎn)skhimtoteachherD．begsomemoneyfromhim3．WhydidElizabegintocry?Because______.A．shethoughtProfessorHigginswouldarrestherB．thegentlemandidn’tgivehersomemoneyC．PickeringbeatandscoldedherD．therewasnoreasonA

A

4．ProfessorHigginsbelievedthathecouldjudgeapersonby______.A．hisappearance B．hisactionC．hisconversation D．hismanners5．Fromthetext,wecaninferthatProfessorHigginsisamandescribedbelowEXCEPT______.A．hedoesn’tcareaboutmoney B．heisanexpertinphoneticsC．heisproud D．heisgreedyC

D

(Ⅱ)課文語法填空ActOneofPygmaliontellsushowthemaincharactersofthisplay,ElizaDoolittle,ProfessorHigginsandColonelPickeringhadtheir1.___________(fate)meetingswhilesheltering/hidingfromaheavyrain2.___________atheatreinLondon,Englandin1914.fateful

outside

ElizaDoolittlewasapoorflowergirl.Whenshetried3.____________(sell)herflowerstoagentleman,herterribleEnglishcaughtProfessorHiggins’attention.ProfessorHiggins,4.______expertinphonetics,couldplaceapersonbyhis/her5.___________(remark)．He6._____________(convince)thatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshis/hersocialposition.Inhisopinion,once7.____________(educate)tospeakproperly,ElizaDoolittlecouldpassherselfoffinthreemonths8.______aduchessatanambassador’sgardenpartyandperhapsshecouldevenworkasalady’smaidorashopassistant.ColonelPickering,anofficerinthearmy,whohadstudiedmanyIndiandialects9.___________，cametoEnglandtomaketheacquaintance10.______ProfessorHiggins.tosell

an

remarks

convinced

educated

as

himself

of

尋規(guī)巧記詞以extra-開頭的詞in＋n.→介詞短語extraordinary非凡的extramarital婚外的extracurricular課外的extravagant揮霍的extrasolar太陽系以外的inamazement吃驚地；驚訝地inadvance預(yù)先，提前insurprise驚奇地；驚訝地indetail詳細(xì)地；仔細(xì)地inrelief如釋重負(fù)地合作探究①TheTVplayisanadaptationofanovel.這部電視劇是由一部小說改編的。②Thebookdescribedtheadaptationofdesertspeciestothehotconditions.這本書描繪了沙漠物種對炎熱環(huán)境的適應(yīng)。核心詞匯1．a(chǎn)daptationn.

改編(本)；適應(yīng)(性)(1)makeanadaptationto適應(yīng)……(2)adapt

v．(使)適應(yīng)；(使)適合vt.改編，修改adapt(oneself)to...適應(yīng)……adapt...for為……改編adapto...把……改編成……adaptsth.from...由……改編……①Thisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradio.這部小說已被改編成無線電廣播節(jié)目。②Successfulbusinessesarehighlyadaptabletoeconomicchange.成功的企業(yè)對于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變的適應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)。補(bǔ)全句子①Theplants’_________________________________helpsthemsurviveinthedryweather.這些植物對沙漠環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力有助于它們在干旱的天氣中存活下來。②Thematerialscan____________________usewitholderchildren.這些材料改一下可以給大一點(diǎn)的孩子用。adaptationtodesertconditions

beadaptedfor

③Hetriedhard_____________________thenewconditions.他努力使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。④Heisbusy________________________afilm.他正忙于把他的小說改編成電影。⑤Someofusfindithard__________________________.我們中有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)難以適應(yīng)鄉(xiāng)村生活。toadapthimselfto

adaptinghisnovelfor

toadapttocountrylife

①Don’thesitateaboutthat.Doitatonce!關(guān)于此事不要再猶豫了。馬上去做吧?、贗didn’thesitateforamomentabouttakingthejob.我毫不猶豫地接受了那份工作。2．hesitatevi.

猶豫；躊躇(1)hesitatetodosth.做某事猶豫不決(2)hesitationn.猶豫；躊躇withouthesitation毫不猶豫地Withouthesitation,Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.那天我毫不猶豫跟他們?nèi)チ耍覀冞^得的確很愉快。單句語法填空①Secondly,wemustbeabletospeakitcorrectlywithconfidenceandwithout______________(hesitate)．解析：句意：第二，我們必須能夠自信而又毫不猶豫地把它正確講出來?？疾槊~。withouthesitation意為“毫不猶豫地”，為固定搭配，并且without為介詞，后跟名詞形式。②He_____________(hesitate)beforeheansweredbecausehedidn’tknowwhattosay.解析：句意：因?yàn)樗恢勒f什么所以在回答前他猶豫了?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。從句時(shí)態(tài)均為一般過去時(shí)，由此可知主句也用一般過去時(shí)。hesitation

hesitated

③Seeingthatthedrowningchildwasstrugglingintheicywater,thesoldierdivedintotheriverwithout______________(hesitate),regardlessofhisownsafety.解析：句意：看到溺水的孩子正在冰冷的水中掙扎，這位戰(zhàn)士毫不猶豫地就跳進(jìn)河中，不顧自身安危。考查名詞。without為介詞，后接名詞形式，withouthesitation毫不猶豫地。④Afewstudentshesitated_____________(start)．解析：句意：幾個(gè)學(xué)生猶豫不決地開始了。本題考查不定式。hesitatetodosth.意為“做某事猶豫不決”，故用不定式作賓語。hesitation

tostart

IfI’mnotmistaken,that’sthemanwesawonthebus.要是我沒認(rèn)錯(cuò)人的話，我們在公共汽車上看見的就是那個(gè)男子。3．mistakenadj.

(見解或判斷上)錯(cuò)誤的；不正確的bemistakenabout...對……持錯(cuò)誤的見解mistake...for...把……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為……mistakesb./sth.誤解/誤會(huì)某人/某事mistaken.錯(cuò)誤bymistake錯(cuò)誤地①Heismistakenabouthappiness.他對幸福持有錯(cuò)誤的見解。②Thistimewefindthatthebeesmistakeredfordarkgreyorblack.這時(shí)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜜蜂錯(cuò)把紅色當(dāng)成深灰色或黑色。③Ihopeyouwillforgivemeforopeningyourletterbymistake.我誤拆了您的信，期望您原諒。單句語法填空①Infact,hemistookfriendship_______love.②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ改編)Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewas____________(mistake)．補(bǔ)全句子③He_______________(對……有誤解)whathesaw.④Deepinthought,Igotonthetrain________________(錯(cuò)誤地)．for

mistaken

bymistake

mistakefor

①Thebooksinthelibraryareclassifiedbysubject.圖書館的書是按科目分類的。②Wecanclassifythesetitlesintothreeheadings.我們可以將這些題目加以分類成三個(gè)主題。③Thegovernmentclassifiedsuchpeopleasmiddlepeasants.政府把這樣的人歸類為中等農(nóng)民。4．classifyvt.

編排；分類；歸類beclassifiedinto被分成……beclassifiedas被劃分為……classifiedadj.分類的；歸類的classificationn．[U]分類；分級；[C]類別；等級單句語法填空①Weusuallyclassifytypesofcharacter______goodorbad.②Thesechildrenhavebeenclassified________threegroups.③Hotelswithinthis__________________(classify)offergoodservices.as

into

classification

常用表達(dá)：makearemark/remarkson/about就……發(fā)表意見；對……評頭品足makenoremark什么也不說；不加評論remarkthat評論……remarkon/upon談?wù)?評論……Hemadeanumberofruderemarksaboutthefoodhere.關(guān)于這里的食物他做了許多無禮的評論。Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcaraccidentswereonthedecreaseduetotheforcefullaw.一家地方報(bào)紙?jiān)u論說由于強(qiáng)有力的法律措施，車禍在減少。Prof.Smithremarkedonthedifferencebetweenthetwodictionaries.史密斯教授談到了這兩本詞典的不同之處。5．remarkn.

談?wù)?；言論；評述vt.&vi.

談?wù)?；評論；說起remarkableadj.引人注目的；不尋常的；非凡的passremarksabout/atsb.議論某人單句語法填空①It’srudetomakearemark_____________theappearanceofotherpeople.解析：makearemarkon/about為固定搭配。②Please___________________________________(說一說/評論一下)“OneWorldOneDream”，thethemeoftheBeijingOlympics.③Youmightengageinsmalltalksand_________________________________(談?wù)?說一說)theweather,yourjoborcurrentevents.on/about

remarkon/makearemarkon

remarkon/makearemarkon

①Infailingtoreturnthemoneyhebetrayedourtrust.他未能歸還那筆錢從而辜負(fù)了我們的信任。②Hisvoicebetrayedtheworryhewastryingtohide.他的聲音掩蓋不了他內(nèi)心的擔(dān)憂。③Hisaccentatoncebetrayedthefactthathewasaforeigner.他的口音立即顯現(xiàn)出他是一個(gè)外國人的事實(shí)。6．betrayvt.

出賣；背叛；顯露出(本來面目)betray＋sth./sb.＋to...向……出賣/背叛某事/某人betray＋n.＋(tobe)/that無意中顯示；暴露betrayone’scountrytotheenemy賣國；做賣國賊betraystatesecrets泄露國家機(jī)密betrayasecrettosb.向某人泄露秘密betrayone’strust辜負(fù)某人的信任betrayoneself暴露本來面目；原形畢露betrayaln.背叛；出賣abetrayalofmyprinciples對我的原則的背棄行為anactofbetrayal背叛的行為注意：betray的用法和意思與giveaway相近。如：①Hegaveawaythestatesecretstotheenemy.他向敵人泄露了國家機(jī)密。②Hisaccentgavehimaway.他的口音把他暴露了。補(bǔ)全句子①WhenIaskedthenews,he________________________(顯露出高興)．②Hewasafraidthattheslightestsoundmight___________________(暴露他的存在)．③Foryears,themanhasbeen_______________statesecrets______(向……出賣)foreigncountries.④Quitealotofgreedypeoplewill______________________(原形畢露)whentemptedbymoney.betrayedhishappiness

betrayhispresence

betraying

to

betraythemselves

①Theeditorofthenewspaperwascondemnedaslackingintegrity.這家報(bào)紙的主編被指責(zé)為不夠正直。②Asanoldperson,oneisoftencondemnedtolivealone.老年人常出于無奈而獨(dú)自生活。7．condemnvt.

判刑；判處(某人某種刑罰)；聲討；

譴責(zé)；迫使……接受困境(1)condemnsb./sth.forsth.由于某事而譴責(zé)某人或某事condemnsb.todosth.某人注定要做某事condemnsb.’sbehaviour譴責(zé)某人的舉動(dòng)becondemnedto被宣告……condemnsb.todeath判某人死刑(2)condemnationn.定罪；譴責(zé)；指責(zé)conditionalcondemnation緩刑socialcondemnation社會(huì)譴責(zé)(3)condemnableadj.該罰的；接受責(zé)備的condemnedadj.已被定罪的；已被定罪者使用的；受譴責(zé)的單句語法填空①Ididnotcondemnhim_______whathehaddone.②Hisoccupationcondemnedhim_____________(spend)longperiodsoftimeawayfromhisfamily.③_____________(condemn)todeath,thecriminalwasfrightened.for

tospend

Condemned

Hewasmyclosestacquaintance.他是我的老相識。常用搭配：makeone’sacquaintance結(jié)識；與……相識＝maketheacquaintanceofsb.havesomeacquaintancewith熟悉/了解……h(huán)avealittleacquaintancewithsb./sth.稍微了解……h(huán)avenoacquaintancewith不熟悉/了解……8．a(chǎn)cquaintancen．相識；熟人；了解I’mpleasedtomakeyouracquaintance.我非常高興結(jié)識你。Ihavesomeacquaintancewiththelanguage.我懂得這門語言。Ihadlittleacquaintancewithmodernpoetry.我對現(xiàn)代詩所知甚少。特別提示：acquaintance用作不可數(shù)名詞，表“熟悉，認(rèn)識”，有時(shí)在其前加不定冠詞，表某種程度的熟悉與了解，與with連用；用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表“熟悉的人”。acquaintvt.使熟悉；了解acquaintsb.with使某人了解beacquaintedwith＝befamiliarwith對……熟悉Hequicklyacquaintedhimselfwiththefactsofthecase.他很快熟悉了案情。單句語法填空①Forty-threeyearsseemslikealongtimetorememberthenameof_____mereacquaintance.②Therefore,Ihope____________(make)theacquaintanceofthosewhoarelearned,broadmindedandhelpfulinuniversity.③Fivedaysbeforethe“bigweekend”，IgaveuptryingtogetanymoneybackanddecidedI’dcontactsome_________________(acquaintance)wholiveinChicago.a

tomake

acquaintances

①Thishandbagismadeofsuperiorleather.這只手提包由上等皮革制成。②He’smyimmediatesuperior.他是我的頂頭上司。特別提示：superioradj.優(yōu)秀的；較高的隱含著比較意義，沒有比較等級。在與另一事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，與之搭配的介詞要用to，不能用than。9．superioradj.

優(yōu)秀的；較高的；上級的n.

上級；長官besuperiorto...比……優(yōu)越(更好、強(qiáng))beinferiorto...低于；不如……；在……之下beseniorto...比……年長(資深)bejuniorto...比……年輕(資淺)①Nobodywantsyoutobesuperiortothem.沒有人愿意你超出他們。②Heisseniortome.他比我年長。superiorto

juniortome

than→to

①Bygoodfortunehewasnothurt.幸運(yùn)的是，他沒受傷。②Onedayagoodfortunebefellhim.一天，幸運(yùn)降臨到他頭上。③Whatwillbeourfortunes?我們的命運(yùn)將是什么？

10．fortunen.

[U]機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣[C]命運(yùn)；大筆的錢注意：[名]fortune→[名]misfortune不幸；厄運(yùn)[形]fortunate?[形]unfortunate不幸的Goodfortuneisadmirable,buttheconquestofmisfortuneismoreadmirable.好的運(yùn)氣令人羨慕，而戰(zhàn)勝厄運(yùn)則更令人欽佩。補(bǔ)全句子①Twomiddle-agedpassengersfellintothesea._______________(不幸的是),neitherofthemcouldswim.②Hisgrandfather____________________(發(fā)了一筆小財(cái))bymining.③He_____________________________(本可以掙大錢)asalawyer.④Theyaregoingto___________________________(再碰一次運(yùn)氣)．⑤______________________(幸運(yùn)的是)thatthewaterwasshallow.Unfortunately

madeasmallfortune

couldhavemadeafortune

trytheirfortuneoncemore

Itwasfortunate

①ThenewteacherreallybroughtFrenchtolifeforus.新來的老師給我們把法語教得生動(dòng)活潑。②Flowerscanbringadullroombacktolife.鮮花可使沉悶的房間恢復(fù)生氣。重點(diǎn)短語1．bringsb./sth.tolife使更有趣；使更生動(dòng)bring

life

to

①Iwon’ttellherthesecret—whatdoyoutakemefor?我不會(huì)把這秘密告訴她的——你把我當(dāng)什么人了？②EventheexperttookthepaintingforagenuineofVanGogh.連專家都誤認(rèn)為這幅畫是梵·高的真跡。2．take...for...把……看作；誤認(rèn)為……take...tobe/as把……看作；誤認(rèn)為……mistake...for...誤將……認(rèn)作……Theyjusttakemeasachild.他們把我當(dāng)作一個(gè)孩子對待。wastaken

as

①Shepassedherselfoffasanexperiencedactress.她冒充有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的演員。②Hepassedhissecretaryoffashiswife.他讓秘書冒充他的妻子。3．pass...offas...(把某人)改變或冒充成……passaway去世passby通過；經(jīng)過；未影響passfor/as(錯(cuò)誤地)被看作passout昏過去；失去知覺passdown(世代)相傳passon轉(zhuǎn)交；遞給；傳給pass...onto...把……傳遞給……passover忽略；避免提及或考慮passup放棄；拒絕passoff進(jìn)行到最后；(以某種方式)發(fā)生并完成passthrough經(jīng)過；路過單句語法填空①Butthesethingsaretemporaryandwillpassed________.解析：句意：但是這些事情是暫時(shí)的并且很快會(huì)過去?？疾楣潭ù钆?。passaway意為“消失；過去”，符合題意。②Severalpeoplepassed______atthattime,butnoonetookanyaction.解析：句意：那時(shí)有幾個(gè)人經(jīng)過，但是沒有人采取任何行動(dòng)。考查固定搭配。passby意為“經(jīng)過；路過”，符合題意。away

by

on

bepassed

Generallyspeaking,womenlivelongerthanmen.一般來說，女人比男人長壽。4．generallyspeaking一般來說honestlyspeaking誠實(shí)地說strictlyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說broadlyspeaking廣義地說personallyspeaking就個(gè)人而言roughlyspeaking粗魯?shù)卣f補(bǔ)全句子①_______________________(一般來說),almostallthekidsarecuriousabouthoweverythingaroundthemworks.②________________________(就個(gè)人而言)，Ithinkheismistakeninclassifyingthesesubjects.③_____________________(準(zhǔn)確地說)，Iwouldsaythatourdepartmentstorehassoldout1,998refrigeratorsinthepasttwomonths.Generallyspeaking

Personallyspeaking

Exactlyspeaking

①Heoftentalksabouthisgirlfriendintermsoflove.他經(jīng)常用充滿愛的語言談?wù)撍呐笥选＂贗twasabadyearforfilms,intermsofbothquantityandquality.今年的電影無論從數(shù)量上還是質(zhì)量上都說不上好。③Thejobisgreatintermsofsalary,butithasitsdisadvantages.就薪金而言，這個(gè)工作倒是挺不錯(cuò)的，但它也有不利之處。5．intermsof就……來說；從……角度infaceof面臨；不顧infavourof支持；有利于inneedof需要insearchof搜尋inpossessionof占有，擁有inhonourof紀(jì)念，尊重inviewof鑒于，考慮到inspiteof盡管inpraiseof贊揚(yáng)inplaceof代替infearof擔(dān)心，害怕單句語法填空①Exchangeopinionswithyourparentsfrequentlysoyoucanbe______goodtermswitheachother.解析：句意：與你父母經(jīng)常交換意見，這樣你們彼此之間可以處好關(guān)系?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。beongoodtermswith意為“與……關(guān)系好”，符合題意。故用介詞on。on

②Thefindingoftheseresults,______thesimplestterms,isthat“youreducetheriskofgettingdepressionwhenyouexercise”．解析：句意：這些結(jié)果的發(fā)現(xiàn)，從最簡單的角度看，就是“當(dāng)你鍛煉的時(shí)候會(huì)降低得抑郁的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。考查介詞短語。in...terms意為“就……而言；在……方面”，符合題意。in

③Agoodmanythingsintheworldcannotbeconsideredandvaluedinterms______money.解析：句意：就錢而言，世上的許多東西不可能被想到和珍惜?？疾榻樵~短語。intermsof意為“從……角度；就……而言”，為固定搭配。④Thisnewsix-monthtrialwillhelpustofindoutifwecaninfluencecustomerstostandonbothsides______thelongterm.解析：本題考查介詞。inthelongterm意為“長期內(nèi)”，符合題意。of

in

ofanyuse相當(dāng)于useful，在句中作表語。“of＋名詞”是一個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作表語、后置定語和補(bǔ)語。該結(jié)構(gòu)的常見類型：難點(diǎn)解析1．Willthatbeofanyusetoyou?這點(diǎn)兒錢對你有用嗎？①beof＋表示“年齡(age)、大小(size)、顏色(color)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、價(jià)格(price)、意見(opinion)、形狀(shape)、種類(kind)和方法(way)等”的名詞：這些名詞沒有相應(yīng)的形容詞形式，因此不能用“be＋形容詞”來代替“be＋of＋n.”，用在這些名詞前的限定詞常是a，an，the，thesame，my，your等，of表示“具有”，有時(shí)可省去。Weareofthesameage.我們同歲。②beof＋抽象名詞(value，importance，use，help等)；主要用于說明主語的性質(zhì)。常用于名詞前的修飾語有g(shù)reat，little，some，any，no，not，much等。這一結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于“be＋抽象名詞所對應(yīng)的形容詞”，of不能省。Theadviceareofgreathelp/veryhelpfultothem.這個(gè)建議對他們來說是很有幫助的。補(bǔ)全句子①Thisdictionaryis__________________(非常有用)tomiddleschoolstudents.②Theclue________________________(非常有價(jià)值)，whichcanhelpprovethatheisinnocent.③Honestlyspeaking,thisspeechis_______________________________(極為重要)tothecollegestudentswhoareshortofexperienceoflife.ofgreatuse

isofgreatvalue

ofgreatimportance/significance

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換④Thetasktobeassignedtomorrowisofgreathelptothenewlyappointedsuperior.Thetasktobeassignedtomorrowis_______________________thenewlyappointedsuperior.very/greatlyhelpfulto

whatif...意為“如果……將會(huì)怎樣”，相當(dāng)于whatwouldhappenif...。Whatifyourplanfails?如果你的計(jì)劃失敗，該怎么辦呢？Whatifshefindsoutthatyouhavelostherbook?倘使她發(fā)現(xiàn)你弄丟了她的書，怎么辦？Whatifyoujoinusforlunch?跟我們一起吃午飯?jiān)趺礃?！注意：若表示的是將來的情況，whatif后的句子常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2．WhatifIwas?如果我是又怎樣呢？①what意為“什么”，用在口語中，表示沒聽見或沒聽懂；意為“要什么”時(shí)表示聽到對方的話并詢問要什么；表示驚訝或憤怒時(shí)，意為“竟有這種事，真的嗎”?！狪askedhertomarryme.——我向她求婚了?！猋ouwhat?——你說什么？②ifonly