中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)定語從句知識梳理01概念修飾某一名詞或代詞，用作定語的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞后面。用通俗的說法講就是：用一個句子說明主句中某個名/代詞的特征。因此定語從句一定有一個先行詞。3.Ashoeshopisashop(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.從句的主語：which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句：Thebookisonthedesk從句的主語：you從句的賓語：that先行詞的理解定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面。1.Thestudents(whodon'tstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.先行詞定語從句主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam2.Thewoman(whoyousawinthepark)isourEnglishteacher.先行詞定語從句主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher定語從句的關(guān)系引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that,which,who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why

singersWhatkindofdoyoulike?dancewellIlike/love/prefersingersthat__________________.dancewellwritehisownlyricswritehisownlyricssingwellsingwell

musiciansWhatkindofdoyoulike?Ilike/love/prefermusiciansthat________________.playthepianocanplaythepianowritehisownsongswritehisownsongsplaydifferentkindsofmusicplaydifferentkindsofmusic

groupsWhatkindofdoyoulike?Ilike/love/prefergroupsthat_____________.youngbeautifulcoolareyoungarebeautifularecool關(guān)系詞——關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系詞用于引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中一個成分。（講解每個詞的含義who/whom/whose/which/that）(1)關(guān)系代詞：who/whom/whose/which/that在從句中做主語、賓語、定語含義：that可以指人也可以指物，在從句中作主語或賓語,作主語時不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)Which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語,作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作賓語)Which和whom用于指人，who是主語，whom是賓語。ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.ThatistheteacherwhomLiMingistalkingto.Whose可以指人也可以指物（指物的時候只表示所有格）表達(dá)“……的”意思Theyliveinaroomwhosewindowopenstothesouth.Thewomanwhosehairislongismymother.關(guān)系副詞：when/where/why在句中做狀語,充當(dāng)副詞的作用。when指時間,其先行詞表示時間,在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。例如:I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague=onwhichJulyandAugustarethemonthswhentheweatherishot.where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。例如:ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago=InwhichShewillgotothehousewhereshecanrest.這里的house是名詞，where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句。Why指原因，修飾名詞reason，在定語從句中做原因狀語。相當(dāng)于“介詞for+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。例如:Thisisthereasonwhyhedidso.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.5.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/that

人做主語物做賓語which/that

who/that

人做主語which/that

物做賓語做主語人練一練6.Heistheman_________carwasstolen.7.Itwasanisland_______nameIhaveforgotten.whose

人做定語whose

做定語who/that

物1.Iprefershoesthat_____(be)cool.2.Ilikeacakethat_____(be)reallydelicious.3.Ilovesingerswho_____(be)beautiful.4.Ihaveafriendwho_____(play)sports.areisareplays定語從句中謂語動詞要和先行詞保持一致定語從句中的主謂一致只能用關(guān)系代詞which而不用that的情況1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句（主句和從句之間用逗號隔開）時。Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.2.先行詞指物，且關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時。ThisisthecityinwhichTomlives.3.先行詞為that或those時。Whatisthatwhichheboughtyesterday?關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法關(guān)系詞指代人或物定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系代詞thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系副詞whenwherewhy人或物物或句子主語、賓語賓語人或物（所屬關(guān)系）人人時間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語時間地點(diǎn)原因主語、賓語、主語、賓語定語Summary模擬練習(xí)02—HaveyouseenthefilmTheWonderingEarth(《流浪地球》)?—Yes,It’sthebestone______Ihaveeverseen.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.itBWearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_______wereintheconcertlastnight.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whomA—HaveyouheardoftheHuaweiCompany?—Sure,it’soneofthe______companies______makeusChineseproud.gr