必修第一冊(cè)Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·山東省濰坊市期末)Climatechangemonitoringandearlywarningcapabilitywillreachanadvancedlevelglobally(global)andtheclimateriskmanagementandpreventionsystemwillbasically(basic)mature,accordingtothenationalclimatechangeadaptationstrategy2035,jointlypublishedby17departmentsincludingtheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment.解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：依據(jù)生態(tài)環(huán)境部等17個(gè)部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)的《國(guó)家氣候變更適應(yīng)戰(zhàn)略2035》，氣候變更監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警實(shí)力達(dá)到全球先進(jìn)水平，氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理和預(yù)防體系基本成熟。兩空都是形容詞變副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞。2．(2024·全國(guó)乙卷)Canasmallgroupofdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillions(billion)ofeuroseachyear?解析：考查數(shù)詞。句意：一小群無(wú)人機(jī)能否在保證鐵路平安牢靠的同時(shí)，幫助鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)商每年節(jié)約數(shù)十億歐元呢？billionsof“數(shù)十億的”。3．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.解析：考查介詞。句意：戈芬鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)于澳大拉西亞的小鸚鵡，已經(jīng)被證明具有與人類兩歲孩子相像的形態(tài)識(shí)別實(shí)力。nativeto“原產(chǎn)于”。4．(朗文當(dāng)代)Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.解析：考查介詞。句意：我們一樣同意再也不提這件事了。referto“提到”。5．(2024·全國(guó)乙卷)Themoreregularly(regular)theycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.解析：考查固定句型。句意：檢查越頻繁，鐵路的平安性、牢靠性和準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)率就會(huì)越高。the＋比較級(jí)……，the＋比較級(jí)……“越……就越……”。6．(劍橋高階)Weneedtofindsomeothermeans(means)oftransportation.解析：考查名詞。句意：我們須要找到一些其他的交通方式。means單復(fù)數(shù)同形。此處用的是復(fù)數(shù)。7．Thoughmajoring(major)inengineering,theladymadeeveryefforttolearncalligraphywhichisregarded(regard)asanartform.解析：考查省略和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：雖然主修工程，這位女士卻努力學(xué)習(xí)被視為一種藝術(shù)形式的書法。第一空考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。省略了句子主語(yǔ)thelady和be動(dòng)詞was,故填majoring；其次空考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，客觀狀況的介紹用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；由句意可知，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。8．WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.解析：考查“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”定語(yǔ)從句。句意：書面漢語(yǔ)也已成為中國(guó)現(xiàn)在與過(guò)去聯(lián)系的重要手段。先行詞是means,常與介詞by搭配。9．Therearevarieties(vary)ofbooksinthebookstoreforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,reference(refer)booksandsoon.解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：書店里有各種各樣的書供我們選擇，像歷史書、科學(xué)書、參考書等等。10．(牛津高階)Hecametosymbolizehiscountry'sstruggleforindependence.解析：考查介詞。句意：他慢慢成了他的國(guó)家爭(zhēng)取獨(dú)立斗爭(zhēng)的象征。strugglefor“為爭(zhēng)取……斗爭(zhēng)”。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境辨義練1．寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語(yǔ)意思①HewroteanarticleforPeople'sDailyregardinghowtobuildaharmonioussociety.prep.關(guān)于②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.vt.重視③(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.n．底部④(2024·全國(guó)乙卷)Theysimplyinsistonmutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.n．敬重⑤(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.adj.全面的；整體的⑥(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.vi.理解，相識(shí)到2．選出major的漢語(yǔ)意思A.adj.重要的B．n.主修課程C．v.主修①CalligraphyisregardedasamajorpartofChineseculturesincetheHanDynasty.A②(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Ilovepaintingverymuch.Istartedlearningpaintingatanearlyageandchosepaintingartandhistoryasmymajorincollege.B③AsfarasIknow,MaryismajoringinFrenchatStanfordUniversity.C3．選出character的漢語(yǔ)意思A.性格B．特色；特征C．人物；角色 D．符號(hào)；文字E．品性；道德品質(zhì)①Asweallknow,Chinesecharactersarequitedifficulttomemorize.D②TomCruiseisaleadingcharacterinthisfilm