第一部分專題三一、單句語法填空1．(1)Thehouse________helivesinneedsrepairing.(2)Thelibrary________Iborrowedthisbookisnotfarfromhere.2．(1)Theexactyear________AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.(2)Istillremembertheday________wespenttheSpringFestivalinZhengzhou.3．(1)Iworkinabusiness________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.(2)Hewrotealetter________heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.(3)Constantpracticehasremovedmyaccenttoapoint________manypeoplethinkI’manativespeaker.4．AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown________hegrewupasachild.5．Ishallneverforgetthoseyears________Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers.6．Thereason________IwasawayfromschoolisthatIwasillyesterday.7．Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach，________wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.8．—Ican’tfindMr.Smith.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?—Itwasinthehotel________hestayed.9．________wasexpected，hebrokehispromiseoncemore，________lethisfriendsdown.10．Thestudentsaretalkingaboutthestrangestoriesandpersons________theymetintheadventure.1．解析：先行詞均為表示地點的名詞，但句(1)空格處在從句中作介詞in的賓語，句(2)空格處在從句中作狀語。答案：that/which；where2．解析：先行詞都表示時間，句(1)中關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語，句(2)中關系詞在句中作狀語。解答此類題，要區(qū)分清關系詞在從句中所作的成分。答案：that/which；when3．解析：在這三個句子中，先行詞business“公司”，表示具體的地點，letter，point在句中都表示抽象意義的地點，故三句中均用關系副詞where。答案：where；where；where4．解析：先行詞thesmalltown表示地點，關系詞在定語從句中作狀語，應填where。答案：where5．解析：先行詞thoseyears表示時間，空格處在定語從句中作狀語，用when。答案：when6．解析：先行詞為Thereason，空格處在定語從句中作原因狀語，用why。答案：why7．解析：先行詞為beach，非限制性定語從句中缺少狀語，所以用where。答案：where8．解析：答語為強調句式，該強調句式中空格后引導的定語從句是對先行詞thehotel的修飾，且定語從句中stayed后缺少狀語，故用where引導，相當于inwhich。答案：where/inwhich9．解析：第一空用as引導非限制性定語從句，指代其后的一句話，as意為“正如……”之意；第二空用which引導非限制性定語從句，這時它所引導的從句與主句之間常含有因果關系。答案：As；which10．解析：先行詞為指代人和物的thestrangestoriesandpersons，故定語從句的關系代詞用that。答案：that二、單句改錯1．TomsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober，whenpersonallyIdoubtverymuch.2．TheMostBeautifulVillageTeacher，hostedbyCCTV，honorstheteacherswhomvaluablecontributionsareworthytoberespectedbyeveryChinese.3．Haveyoueverdreamedofstagingaconcert，atwhere，thousandsofpeopleareapplaudingandappreciatingyourmusic?4．Therearetworoomsintheapartment，thesmallerofthemservesasakitchen.5．WhenIarrived，MothertookmetoseethehousewhichIwouldbestaying.6．MadameCurie，forwhoselifewashardatcollege，wasawomanofstrongcharactersandthat’swhyshemadehermarkinhistory.7．Ioftenmeetwiththeoccasionwheresomeone’snameisonthetipofmytongue，butIcan’tsayitout.8．ThereasonwhyTominventedforhisbeinglateforworkmadenosensetothemanager.9．Atthefootofthemountainarethousandsofbamboos，someofthatcangrowthreefeetintwenty－fourhours.10．Tomysurprise，theyounggirllaughsthewaywhichhermotherdidatthegate.1．解析：先行詞指代前面的整個句子，并在從句中作doubt的賓語，故用which引導。when在定語從句中作時間狀語。答案：when→which2．解析：定語從句的先行詞為theteachers，定語從句的主語為________valuablecontributions，與contributions構成所有關系，故用關系代詞whose引導。答案：whom→whose3．解析：非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞concert，并在從句中作狀語，表示地點，故用atwhich，相當于where。答案：where→which4．解析：which指代前面的theapartment，置于介詞后的關系代詞指代物時只能用which。如果加上連詞and則用them。答案：them→which5．解析：先行詞為thehouse，定語從句中staying后缺少地點狀語，故用關系副詞where引導。答案：which→where6．解析：本題定語從句的先行詞是MadameCurie，根據(jù)從句的句子結構“l(fā)ifewashardfor...”可知用forwhom，意為“對……來說”。答案：whose→whom7．解析：定語從句修飾先行詞theoccasion，并在從句中作狀語，表示時間，故用when。where在從句中表示地點。答案：where→when8．解析：reason后的從句為定語從句，該定語從句中invented后缺少賓語，故用that或which。why只能作原因狀語。答案：why→(that/which)9．解析：介詞后的關系代詞指代物時只能用which，不能用that。答案：that→which10．解析：先行詞為表示“方式；方法”的theway，從句缺少狀語，引導定語從句的關系詞用that或者inwhich，也可以省略。答案：which→that或which前加in或將which去掉三、語法填空(2017·岳陽四校聯(lián)考)Examinationsareofgreat1.________(important)inChineseschoolsanduniversities，somillionsofstudentstakepartinthemeveryyear.Almostallthestudents2.________(teach)fromanearlyagetounderstandthenatureofexaminations.Itistruethatsomestudentscanpassanexamination3.________(easy)thanothers，althoughitdoesn’tmeantheyarebetterwiththeirstudy.Quiteafewstudentsareafraidofexaminationsthoughtheymasterwhatthey4.________(learn)verywell.Sometimesthefearofexaminationsesfrompressure.Peoplethinkpressureisgoodforstudents5.________itcanmakethestudents6.________(try)harderandmakesomeschoolsmorechallenging.Buttoomuchpressuremaycausestressorevendiseases,7.________willnotbegoodforthestudents’benefits.Nostudentsucceeds8.________hardwork.Ifonespendslittletimeworkingontheirlessonseveryday，theycan’texpectagoodresultattheendoftheterm.9.________(develop)studyskillscangetstudentstolearnbetterandtopassexaminationswitheaseiftheyunderstandthelessonsandthework10.________(involve)．[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文，就有關考試的概況、考試帶來的壓力以及學習策略等進行了說明。1．解析：考查名詞。句意：在中國學校里考試很重要。此處考查be＋of＋n.句型；beofgreatimportance相當于begreatlyimportant。答案：importance2．解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：幾乎所有的學生在很小的時候都會被教育去理解考試的本質。全文時態(tài)以現(xiàn)在時態(tài)為主，同時teach與students之間為動賓關系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。答案：aretaught3．解析：考查比較級。句意：一些學生能比其他學生更輕松地通過考試，這是事實。根據(jù)than判斷要用比較級；在該句中需要用副詞修飾pass，所以用moreeasily。答案：moreeasily4．解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：相當多的學生雖然對已經(jīng)學習的內(nèi)容掌握得很好，但他們?nèi)耘f害怕考試。learn這一動作發(fā)生在master之前，且強調對現(xiàn)在的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。答案：havelearned5．解析：考查連詞。句意：人們認為壓力對學生來說是有好處的，因為壓力可以使他們更加努力。根據(jù)語境可知，這里應用as或because引導原因狀語從句。答案：as/because6．解析：考查非謂語動詞。參見上題解析。try在句中作賓補，make表示“使，讓”時要用不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補。答案：try7．解析：考查定語從句。句意：但是太多的壓力會導致緊張甚至疾病，這對學生的利益來講不好。分析句子結構可知，此處應用which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“stressorevendiseases”。答案：which8．解析：考查介詞。句意：沒有學生不努力學習就會成功。本句是一個雙重否定句，表肯定的意思，即“所有學生都是靠努力學習獲得成功的”。答案：without9．解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：培養(yǎng)學習技能可以讓學生更好地學習。該句少主語，動詞原形不能作主語，所以要用動名詞作主語。答案：Developing10．解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果他們理解了相關的課程和任務。thelessonsandthework與involve之間是被動關系，所以用involve的過去分詞形式involved，這里的involved在句中作后置定語。答案：involved四、短文改錯(17·沈陽二中期中)Differentattitudesleadtodifferentresults.Thosewhotakepositiveattitudetowardsworkwillberewarded.TakingLiKangasanexample.Heismyclassmate.Heputhisheartintostudy，andhehadbeeatopstudent.Withhishardwork，hewillsucceedinenteringintohisidealuniversity.Besides，LiuQiang，alsomyclassmate，nevercaresabouthisstudybecauseheisaddicttoplayinggames.Heturnsadeafeartotheteachers’advices.Asaresult，hefallsfarbehindothersinherstudy.Inmyopinion，attitudeiseverything.Nomatterhowyoudo，youmustdoitwellevenifyoumayfailmanytimes.答案：Differentattitudesleadtodifferentresults.Thosewhotakeeq\o(∧,\s\do12(a))positiveattitudetowardsworkwillberewarded.eq\o(Taking,\s\do12(Take))LiKangasanexample.Heismyclassmate.Heeq\o(put,\s\do12(puts))hisheartintostudy，andheeq\o(had,\s\do12(has))beeatopstudent.Withhishardwork，hewillsucceedinenteringintohisidealuniversity.eq\o(Besides,\s\do12(However))，LiuQiang，alsomyclassmate，nevercaresabouthisstudybecauseheiseq\o(addict,\s\do12(addicted))toplayinggames.Heturnsadeafeartotheteachers’eq\o(advices,\s\do12(advice)).Asaresult,hefallsfarbehindothersineq\o(her,\s\do12(his))study.I