Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·泰安市聯(lián)考)AtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboom(旺盛)intourisminrecentyearsaspolarbearsspendmoretimeonlandthanonArcticseaice.Morethan2,000peoplevisitedthenorthernAlaskavillageofKaktovikin2024toseepolarbearsinthewild.Thefarnorthcommunityliesinanareawhereincreasinglyhighertemperaturehasspedupthemovementofseaice,theprimaryhabitat(棲息地)ofpolarbears.Asicehasgraduallymovedtodeepwaterbeyondthecontinentalshelf,morebearsareremainingonlandtolookforfood.PolarbearshavealwaysbeenacommonsightonseaicenearKaktovik,butvillagersstartednoticingachangeinthemid-1990s.Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegantakingnoteofmorefemalebearsmakinghomesinthesnowonlandinsteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.U.S.FishandWildlifeServicebiologistsbeganhearingreportsoftheincreasingnumberofpolarbearsintheareaintheearly2000s.Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(逆境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.Thevillagehadfewerthan50visitorsannuallybefore2011,saidJenniferReed,oftheArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge.“Todaywe'retalkingabouthundredsandhundredsofvisitors,manyfromaroundtheworldeachyear，”Reedsaid.Mosttouristsvisitinthefall,whenbearsareforcedtowardlandbecauseseaiceisfarthestawayfromtheshore.BruceInglangasak,alocalhunterwhosometimesofferswildlife-viewingtours,saidhe'sbeenofferingpolarbeartourssince2004.Mostofhisclients(客戶)arefromChinaandEurope,aswellasfromthelower48U．S.states.Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat.Inturn,theyprovidemoreeffectiveprotectionforpolarbearswithfinancialsupportfromtourismdevelopment.語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。氣候變暖導(dǎo)致海冰溶化，北極熊登陸，為阿拉斯加的一個小村莊帶來了巨大的人氣，促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)發(fā)展，當(dāng)?shù)厝擞钟寐糜螛I(yè)的收入為北極熊供應(yīng)主動的疼惜。1．WhatcausesmorepolarbearstostayonlandinKaktovik？BA．Foodshortage.B．Climatechange.C．Habitats'movementtoshore.D．Theirpreferenceforland.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Thefarnorthcommunityliesinanareawhereincreasinglyhighertemperaturehasspedup...morebearsareremainingonlandtolookforfood.(北極熊群落位于一個溫度越來越高的地區(qū)，這加速了海冰的移動，而海冰是北極熊的主要棲息地。隨著冰慢慢移動到大陸架以外的深水區(qū)，更多的熊留在陸地上找尋食物。)”可知，全球變暖加速了海冰溶化，破壞了北極熊原本的棲息地，越來越多的北極熊待在陸地上以找尋食物。故選B。2．Howdidcommonpeoplefeelaboutmoresightofbearsonland？CA．Excited. B．Puzzled.C．Concerned. D．Shocked.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegan...insteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.”(更多的熊似乎待在陸地上，探討人員起先留意到更多的雌熊在陸地上的雪地里而不是在冰上安家來撫養(yǎng)它們的孩子。)和“Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(逆境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.(大約十年前，人們對北極熊的逆境賜予了更多的關(guān)注，更多的游客起從前往Kaktovik。)”可知，隨著越來越多的北極熊出現(xiàn)在陸地上，探討人員、生物學(xué)家等也越來越多地關(guān)注北極熊所處的這一逆境，隨后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大眾對更多北極熊登陸現(xiàn)象表示關(guān)注。故選C。3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？AA．HotelsinKaktovikareindemandinautumn.B．Kaktovikhasabout50visitorsannually.C．Inglangasakmakesalivingasatourguide.D．Tourismaffectsthebalanceofnature.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Mosttouristsvisitinthefall(大多數(shù)游客在秋天參觀)”及“Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.(許多游客會在村里呆上幾天，村里有兩家小旅館。)”可知，大多數(shù)游客會選擇在秋季去Kaktovik巡游，而且許多游客會在這個小村莊待上幾天，而這個小村莊只有兩個小旅館，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅館很搶手。故選A。4．Whichsayingcandescribethetext？DA．Thefittestcansurvive.B．Afterastormcomesacalm.C．Thereisalwaysopportunityincrisis.D．Everycoinhastwosides.解析：推理推斷題。通讀文章可知，并依據(jù)第一段“AtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboom(旺盛)．..thanonArcticseaice.(近年來，由于北極熊待在陸地上的時間比待在北極海冰上的時間更長，阿拉斯加的一個小村莊迎來了一波旅游業(yè)熱潮。)”和其次段描述可知，因?yàn)槿驓夂蜃兣?，北極熊被迫登陸來找尋食物以生存下去，這原來是北極熊的逆境，然而北極熊登陸卻促進(jìn)了一個小村莊旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，這對小村莊來說是一個機(jī)遇。再結(jié)合最終一段的“Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat....fromtourismdevelopment.”(村民們從旅游業(yè)中受益匪淺。反過來，他們用旅游業(yè)得來的財(cái)政支持為北極熊供應(yīng)更有效的疼惜。)可推知，D項(xiàng)Everycoinhastwosides.“事物都有兩面性?！笨梢悦枋霰疚闹v解并描述的狀況。故選D。B(2024·八省八市高三第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)評)Sincethe1950s，some9.2billiontonnesofplastichavebeenproducedglobally，ofwhichonlyabout10%haseverbeenrecycled.Yetenvironmentallyconsciouscompaniesandconsumerscontinuetolooktorecyclingasawaytoeasetheplasticproblem.Manufacturinggiantsclaimtobecommittedtomakingmoreoftheirproductsandpackagingfromrecycledmaterials.However，thisconfidencemasks(掩飾)acomplexwebofissuesaroundplasticrecycling.Recyclingratesremainextremelylowandcriticsarguethatweshouldlookatalternativewaystotackleplasticpollution.Whilemanyplasticshavethepotentialtoberecycled，mostarenotbecausetheprocessiscostly，complicatedandtheresultingproductofalowerqualitythantheoriginal.Despiterisingdemandforrecycledplastic，fewwastecompaniesturnaprofit.Partofthisisbecausevirginplastic—linkedtooilprices—isoftencheaperthanrecycledplastic，meaningthereislittleeconomicincentivetouseit.Worseyet，muchofourplasticwasteisdifficulttorecycle.Lightweightfoodpackaging，likeamozzarellapacket，containsdifferentplastics,dyesandtoxicadditives(添加劑)．Thisdirtymixmeansplasticrecycledthroughmechanicalmethods—themostcommonform—canonlybemelteddownandmouldedagainacoupleoftimesbeforeitbecomestoofragiletobereused.Andthenatureoftheprocessmeansplasticrecyclinghasacarbonfootprintofitsown.Givenallofthesedifficulties，environmentalcriticssayrecyclingisnotthesolution—andarguethatcreatingmoreproductsfromrecycledmaterialtoattractenvironmentalconsciousnessmerelyworsenstheproblem.“Thesolutionistouselessplasticandtostopmisleadingthepublicabouttherecyclability，”saysEnck，presidentofBeyondPlastics，aUScampaigngroupwithamissiontoendsingle-useplastic.“Theyshouldstopmakingfalseclaimsabouttherecyclabilityofplasticssincetheyknowmostwilleitherbelitteredorburnedorlandfilled(填埋).Usinglessplasticsmeansshiftingtoreusableproductsandrelyingmoreonpaper，cardboard，glassandmetal—allofwhichshouldbemadefromrecycledcontent.”語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。公眾期望用回收方式來解決塑料污染問題，但實(shí)際回收率很低。導(dǎo)致回收率低有許多因素—回收過程代價大、回收公司不能盈利、回收過程困難且回收本身也有碳排放等。因此，指責(zé)人士認(rèn)為，靠回收不能解決問題，而應(yīng)當(dāng)少用塑料制品或用可循環(huán)運(yùn)用的物品替代。5．Whatisanenvironmentallyconsciouscustomer'sattitudetowardsrecyclingplastics?BA．Suspicious B．Favorable.C．Indifferent. D．Disapproving.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Yetenvironmentallyconsciouscompaniesandconsumerscontinuetolooktorecyclingasawaytoeasetheplasticproblem.”可知，他們對待塑料回收的看法是支持的(favorable)。故選B。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph2probablymean？AA．Motive. B．Issue.C．Crisis. D．Policy.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Despiterisingdemandforrecycledplastic，fewwastecompaniesturnaprofit.Partofthisisbecausevirginplastic—linkedtooilprices—isoftencheaperthanrecycledplastic，meaningthereislittleeconomicincentivetouseit.”可知，幾乎沒有回收公司能從中盈利，部分緣由是原生塑料(其價格與石油掛鉤)經(jīng)常比再生塑料還便宜，這就意味著沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的動力(motive)去回收塑料。故選A。7．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout？DA．Therecyclingprocessofplastics.B．Pollutantscontainedinrecycledplastics.C．Reasonswhyusersdislikerecycledplastics.D．Factorscontributingtolowplasticrecyclingrates.解析：段落大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的“However，thisconfidencemasks(掩飾)acomplexwebofissuesaroundplasticrecycling.”可知，人們試圖依靠回收解決塑料污染問題，這掩蓋了一系列有關(guān)塑料回收的困難問題。接下來其次段就談到導(dǎo)致回收率低的諸多因素—回收過程代價大、回收公司不能盈利、回收過程困難且回收本身也有碳排放等。因此，D項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致回收率低的各種因素。”正確。故選D。8．Whatwilltheenvironmentalcriticsbehappytoseeaccordingtothetext？AA．Usingmetalorglassfoodcontainers.B．Litteringrecycledplasticsinalandfill.C．Processingplasticsinamechanicalway.D．Launchingcampaignstopromoterecyclability.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Thesolutionistouselessplasticandtostopmisleadingthepublicabouttherecyclability...”和“Usinglessplasticsmeansshiftingtoreusableproductsandrelyingmoreonpaper...”可知，解決塑料污染的方法是少用塑料制品或用可循環(huán)運(yùn)用的紙、玻璃、金屬等來替代。故選A。C(2024·鎮(zhèn)江市模擬)Naturalsilence—thekindwhenyouhearnothingbutthesoundofnaturearoundyou—isbecomingincreasinglyscarce.Theman-madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean.Thisishavingsometroublingeffects.Inhumans,noisepollutionhasbeenlinkedtophysical,mentalhealthproblemsandcognitiveimpairment(認(rèn)知功能障礙)inchildren.Inwildlife,it'sdisturbingnavigation,pairing,communicationandcancausehearingloss.“We'relosingtheabilitytolistentonaturewithoutnoisepollution，”sayssoundrecordistMattMikkelsen.He'spartofthenon-profitorganizationQuietParksInternational,whichaimstoidentifyandpreservetheplanet'slastquietplaces.Recently,thistookhimtoBoundaryWatersCanoeAreaWildernessinnortheasternMinnesota.Nocars,motorboats,electricityortelephonelinesareallowedintheone-million-acrearea,makingitastrongcandidateforQuietParkstatus.Butlisteningbacktotherecording,Mikkelsencanhearthelowhum(嗡鳴聲)ofacommercialjetflyingfaraway.QuietParkshasn'tyetdecidedifBoundaryWatersmeetsitscriteria—it'soneof260potentialsitesaroundtheworldthattheorganizationiscurrentlyexploring.Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocationandconsiderthemalongsideotherdata.Inrecentyears,theworldhasbeengettinglouder,withcitiesandtownsexpandingandanincreasingnumberofnoisesfromcars,airplanesorships.ButduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病),therehasbeenmomentarydelay.In2024,globalairtravelwasdownby60%androadtransportdecreasedbyalmosthalf.ScientistsinEuropefoundthatnoisecausedbyhumansfellbyupto50%afterlockdownswerecarriedout.“Peopleenjoyedthesilence，”saysMikkelsen.“Therewerenoairplanesintheskyandcarsweren'tonthestreet.Itwasanincrediblethingtobeabletoheartheworld,allofasudden,freefromnoisepollution，”hesays.Sincethestartofthepandemic,QuietParkssaysithasexperiencedahugeincreaseininterestforquietplaces.“Ihopethatwecantakethatdesireforaworldwithlessnoiseforward，”saysMikkelsen,“andappreciatethespotswehave,wherewecangoandnotexperiencenoisepollution.”語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文主要介紹了自然寧靜之地越來越稀有，世界變得越來越吵這一現(xiàn)象。錄音師馬特·米克爾森是非營利組織“國際寧靜公園”的一員，該組織旨在識別和疼惜地球上最終的寧靜之地。米克爾森希望人類能夠渴望擁有噪聲更少的世界，并珍惜所擁有的、不受到噪聲污染的景點(diǎn)。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scarce”probablymeaninParagraph1？BA．Special. B．Rare.C．Common. D．Typical.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后面的“Theman-madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean.”可知，人造的噪聲越來越多，而自然的寧靜變得越來越少了。因此，畫線詞scarce與rare(少見的，罕見的)意思接近。故選B。10．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout？CA．Causesofhearingloss.B．Tipsonprotectingthenature.C．Harmfuleffectsofnoisepollution.D．Unidentifiedproblemsfromhumanbeings.解析：主旨大意題。依據(jù)本段的首句“Thisishavingsometroublingeffects.”再結(jié)合本段后面的內(nèi)容可知，這一段主要說的是噪聲對人以及野生動植物帶來的有害影響。故選C。11．WhatwillMattMikkelsen'steamanalyzeaccordingtothetext？AA．Thesoundrecordings.B．Globalairtravels.C．QuietParks'criteria.D．Dataofthepandemic.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocation...”可知，馬特團(tuán)隊(duì)將分析錄音。故選A。12．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？DA．Abookreview. B．Atravelguide.C．Abusinessplan. D．Asciencereport.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)首段“Naturalsilence—thekindwhenyouhearnothingbutthesoundofnaturearoundyou—isbecomingincreasinglyscarce.Theman-madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean.”及下文介紹可知，文章主要介紹了自然寧靜越來越稀有，世界變得越來越吵這一現(xiàn)象。由此推知，這篇文章可能摘自一篇科學(xué)報(bào)告。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·丹東市高三上期中)In1951,MaryStarnandhercolleagueswereworkingatanIowafactory,repetitivelypackingeggsintocartons(紙箱)．Feelingalittlebored,they1.Casillyplantobrightenuptheirworkday.Intheirownversionofmessagesinabottle,theywrotetheirnamesand2.DoneggsdeliveredtotheUSeastcoast,inan3.Ctoattractpenfriends.“Whoever4.Athisegg,pleasewriteme，”Starn5.Contoseveraleggs,alongwithherhomecityofForestCityandthedate,2April.Afterfailingtogetany6.D,thegroupfiguredtheir7.Beggshad“l(fā)ongagobeencrackedintoomelets(煎蛋餅)”．Theygaveuponever8.Afromanyone.9.B,72yearslater,oneoftheeggs10.ConaFacebookgroupcalled“Weird(andWonderful)SecondhandFindsThatJustNeedToBeShared”，ina(n)11.AbyamanfromNewYorkCity.JohnAmalfitanosaidhehadbeengiventheegg20yearsearlierbyaneighboronStatenIsland,MillerRichardson,whohad12.Ditforyearsafterfindingitinhiseggcartonin1951.Thankstothesocialmediapost,Amalfitanowasableto13.DStarn,now92.Theoldladycouldn’thelpbutexclaimhow14.Blifewas!Shewasobviouslyinagoodmoodandjoked,“Ifinallyhavemy15.B！”語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了一個“雞蛋上的信”的故事，通過社交媒體找到了72年前的“筆友”，表達(dá)了人生充溢奇跡與緣分。1．A.putdown B．pickedupC．workedout D．handedin解析：考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：感到有點(diǎn)無聊，他們想出了一個愚蠢的支配來讓他們的工作日變得快樂。putdown登記；鎮(zhèn)壓；pickedup撿起、接送、偶然學(xué)會；workedout熬煉、設(shè)計(jì)出、制定；handedin交上。依據(jù)空后的“asillyplantobrightenuptheirworkday”可知，這些人想出了一個支配來讓工作日變得快樂。故選C。2．A.hobbies B．birthdaysC．jobs D．a(chǎn)ddresses解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個版本的漂流瓶信息中，他們把自己的名字和地址寫在了運(yùn)往美國東海岸的雞蛋上，企圖吸引筆友。hobbies愛好；birthdays生日；jobs工作；addresses地址。依據(jù)下文“alongwithherhomecityofForestCityandthedate”可知，雞蛋上寫下了自己的名字和所在城市和日期，也就是寫下自己的名字和地址。故選D。3．A.approach B．orderC．a(chǎn)ttempt D．a(chǎn)rrangement解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個版本的漂流瓶信息中，他們把自己的名字和地址寫在了運(yùn)往美國東海岸的雞蛋上，企圖吸引筆友。approach方法、接近；order叮囑；attempt試圖；arrangement支配?？疾槎陶Z：inanattempttodosth.，意為“試圖做某事”，符合句意。故選C。4．A.gets B．needsC．chooses D．wins解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“無論誰得到這個蛋，請給我寫信，”Starn用鉛筆在幾個蛋上寫下了她的家鄉(xiāng)——Forest市和日期——4月2日。gets獲得；needs須要；chooses選擇；wins贏得。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，MaryStarn和同事們是想結(jié)交筆友，由此可推想，他們是希望得到雞蛋的人給他們寫信。故選A。5．A.signed B．carvedC．penciled D．drew解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“無論誰得到這個蛋，請給我寫信，”Starn用鉛筆在幾個蛋上寫下了她的家鄉(xiāng)——Forest市和日期——4月2日。signed做手勢；carved雕刻；penciled用鉛筆寫；drew畫。依據(jù)常識可知，這些雞蛋既然是運(yùn)往美國東海岸的，那么在上面留有信息，最適合的方式就是用鉛筆寫下信息。故選C。6．A.requests B．suggestionsC．comments D．responses解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在沒有得到任何回應(yīng)后，該小組認(rèn)為他們的特殊雞蛋“很久以前就被敲成煎蛋卷了”。requests要求；suggestions建議；comments評論；responses回復(fù)、回應(yīng)。依據(jù)下文“thegroupfiguredtheir7eggshad‘longagobeencrackedintoomelets(煎蛋餅)’”可知，他們認(rèn)為這些寫有信息的雞蛋已經(jīng)被食用了，由此可知，他們并沒有得到任何回應(yīng)。故選D。7．A.fresh B．specialC．broken D．smooth解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在沒有得到任何回應(yīng)后，該小組認(rèn)為他們的特殊雞蛋“很久以前就被敲成煎蛋卷了”。fresh簇新的；special特殊的；broken裂開的；smooth光滑的、平穩(wěn)的。依據(jù)上文可知，他們在雞蛋上用鉛筆寫下了自己的名字和信息，由此可知，在他們看來，這樣的雞蛋是很特殊的。故選B。8．A.hearing B．learningC．benefiting D．suffering解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不再希望得到任何人的回復(fù)。hearing聽；learning學(xué)習(xí)；benefiting從……中獲益；suffering遭受。依據(jù)上文“Afterfailingtogetany6，”可知，他們并沒有得到任何回應(yīng)，時間久了之后，他們也就放棄了收到別人信的想法?？疾槎陶Z：hearfromsb.意為“收到……的信”，符合句意。故選A。9．A.Gradually B．AmazinglyC．Eventually D．Consequently解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，72年后，其中一個雞蛋出現(xiàn)在Facebook上一個名為“驚異(和奇異)的二手發(fā)覺，只是須要共享”的閑聊群中，這是一位來自紐約的男子的帖子。Gradually慢慢地；Amazingly驚異地；Eventually最終；Consequently因此。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Starn和自己的同事在雞蛋上寫下自己的信息后，并沒有得到任何回應(yīng)，由此可知，雞蛋的突然出現(xiàn)是令人驚異的。故選B。10．A.tookup B．cameupC．turnedup D．madeup解析：考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，72年后，其中一個雞蛋出現(xiàn)在Facebook上一個名為“驚異(和奇異)的二手發(fā)覺，只是須要共享”的閑聊群中，這是一位來自紐約的男子的帖子。tookup從事、占據(jù)；cameup被提出；turnedup出現(xiàn)；madeup組成、編造。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Starn和自己的同事在雞蛋上寫下自己的信息后，并沒有得到任何回應(yīng)。而這次突然有人張貼帖子，說明雞蛋出現(xiàn)在了Facebook上。故選C。11．A.post B．messageC．email D．offer解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，72年后，其中一個雞蛋出現(xiàn)在Facebook上一個名為“驚異(和奇異)的二手發(fā)覺，只是須要共享”的閑聊群中，這是一位來自紐約的男子的帖子。post職位、帖子；message消息；email電子郵件；offer提議、出價。依據(jù)上文的“onaFacebookgroup”以及下文的“Thankstothesocialmediapost”可知，這個男子在網(wǎng)上發(fā)了帖子，講解并描述了這個故事。故選A。12．A.enjoyed B．hiddenC．a(chǎn)dopted D．kept解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：JohnAmalfitano說，20年前，斯塔頓島的鄰居MillerRichardson送給他這顆蛋，他1951年在自己的雞蛋盒里發(fā)覺了這顆蛋，之后始終保存了多年。enjoyed享受；hidden隱藏；adopted接受、領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；kept保持、保存。依據(jù)上文“JohnAmalfitanosaidhehadbeengiventheegg20yearsearlierbyaneighboronStatenIsland,MillerRichardson”可知，蛋是20年前一個鄰居給Amalfitano的，而整件事發(fā)生在72年前，由此可知，那個鄰居得到雞蛋后就始終保存著。故選D。13．A.inform B．greetC．follow D．contact解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了社交媒體上的帖子，Amalfitano才聯(lián)系上了現(xiàn)年92歲的Starn。inform通知；greet問候；follow追隨；contact聯(lián)系。依據(jù)上文“Thankstothesocialmediapost”以及下文“Starn,now92.Theoldladycouldn'thelpbutexclaimhow14lifewas！”可知，多虧了這個帖子，Amalfitano才聯(lián)系上了Starn。故選D。14．A.flexible B．magicalC．fascinating D．significant解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：老太太不禁驚呼：生活是多么奇異??！flexible靈敏的；magical奇異的；fascinating迷人的；significant重要的。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，時隔72年后，Starn最終憑借雞蛋與他人有了聯(lián)系，這件事讓人感嘆生活特殊奇異。故選B。15．A.letter B．penfriendC．group D．a(chǎn)ccount解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她明顯心情很好，開玩笑說：“我最終有我的筆友了！”letter信件；penfriend筆友；group小組；account賬戶。依據(jù)文章第一段“Intheirownversionofmessagesinabottle,theywrotetheirnamesand2oneggsdeliveredtotheUSeastcoast,inan3toattractpenfriends.”可知，Starn當(dāng)時在雞蛋上寫上自己的信息是為了找到一個筆友，因此時隔72年后，當(dāng)有人憑借雞蛋上的信息聯(lián)系到自己時，她開玩笑說最終找到了筆友。故選B。Ⅲ.七選五(2024·湖北省七市聯(lián)合調(diào)研)ThreeThingsWeMustDotoTackleClimateChangeWithworldleadersmeetingattheinternationalclimatechangeconferenceinGlasgowtodiscussurgentglobalactiontomeetoneofthegreatestchallenges,manypeoplestilldon'tknowwhatmustbedone.1.EHowever,thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofclimatechange,ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively.Buthow？Itcomesdowntothefollowingthreethings.Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.2.DThatmeansnoexploration,nonewwells,mines,pipelines,orpowerplants.Wealreadyhaveavastamountoffossilfuelinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施),anditwilltakedecadestoenditsuse.3.BSunandwindarethefastest-growingnewsourcesofenergywehave.Theircostshavefallensharply,makingthemtheleastexpensiveoptionsandencouragingtheadoptionofcleanenergyinmoreandmorelocations.Protecttheworld'sforests.Forestsallovertheworldcurrentlyabsorbaboutathirdofthecarbondioxideouractivitiessendouttotheatmosphere.4.GAndthismuststop.Tomeettheplanet'sgrowingfoodneeds,expertsurgeimprovedmanagementpracticesonalready-clearedlandratherthanclearingnewland.Finally,itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.Ifso,wecantakeonthechallengewhateverthedifficultyis.5.FThethreeactionswesuggestareessentialforsuccess.A．Boostthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.B．Speeduptheuseofclean,renewableenergy.C．Thealarmingmessagesreleasedurgedustochangeourlifestyle.D．Toachievethis,wemustallownonewdevelopmentofcoal,oilandgas.E．The“codered”reportfromtheconferencegreatlyshockedmanypeople.F．WeareonamissiontosavetheplanetEarth,itspeopleanditsnaturalwonders.G．Tropicalforests(熱帶雨林)areespeciallyatriskandstillbeingclearedforagriculturaluses.語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章針對氣候變更問題提出三件我們必需做的事情，以此呼吁我們攜手疼惜我們唯一的家園。解析：1．考查邏輯&復(fù)現(xiàn)推斷。下文“However,thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthat...”提到報(bào)告中的好消息，由表示轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞However可知，該空應(yīng)與“好消息”構(gòu)成語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折。E項(xiàng)(會議的“紅色代碼”報(bào)告讓許多人大吃一驚。)符合語境，其中的report以及conference均為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E。2．考查語境&復(fù)現(xiàn)推斷。上文“Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.”為本段主旨句，提出建議人們慢慢停止運(yùn)用化石燃料，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)是表示具體的做法；再依據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“Thatmeansnoexploration,nonewwells...”可知，此處指不再開發(fā)新的化石燃料。D項(xiàng)(為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，我們必需不允許煤炭、石油和自然氣的新開發(fā)。)承上啟下，符合語境，其中的this指代上文整句，coal,oil,gas與上文中的fossilfuels相呼應(yīng)。故選D。3．考查語境推斷。設(shè)空處為本段的首句，應(yīng)是本段的主題句，依據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為祈使句。再依據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“Sunandwindarethefastest-growingnewsourcesofenergywehave.”可知，本段應(yīng)是建議加快清潔可再生能源的運(yùn)用。B項(xiàng)(加快清潔可再生能源的運(yùn)用。)符合語境。故選B。4．考查語境&復(fù)現(xiàn)推斷。依據(jù)本段的首句“Protecttheworld'sforests.”可知，本段重點(diǎn)講疼惜森林；再結(jié)合設(shè)空處后的“Andthismuststop.”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)表示破壞森林的行為。G項(xiàng)(熱帶雨林面臨的風(fēng)險尤其大，仍因農(nóng)業(yè)用途而遭到砍伐。)符合語境，其中forests為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，設(shè)空處后的this則指代G項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。故選G。5．考查語境推斷。依據(jù)本段首句中的“itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave”可知，本段對全文做出總結(jié)，呼吁人們攜手疼惜我們唯一的家園。F項(xiàng)(我們肩負(fù)著挽救地球、地球上的人民和地球上的自然奇觀的使命。)對疼惜家園做了進(jìn)一步的闡釋，符合語境。故選F。Ⅳ.語法填空(2024·浙江省普高質(zhì)監(jiān))Japan'sdecisiontodischargenuclear-contaminatedwaterintotheseahasreducedtheconfidenceofChinesetravelers1.wanting(want)tovisitthecountry,andisexpectedtodelivera“heavyblow”toJapan'stourismindustryinthelongterm,expertsandacademicssaid.Ignoringregionalandinternationalconcernsaboutthesafetyofitsdecision,Japanbegandumping2.treated(treat)radioactivewaterfromtheFukushimanuclearplantintothePacificOceanonAug24.AsoneofthemajorsourcesoftouriststoJapan,ChinaannouncedonAug10thatgrouptourswouldberesumedtothecountry,alongwith77otheroverseasdestinations.TravelportalTripGroupsaidthatasofAug17searchesforgrouptourstoJapanexceeded3.thoseforThailandandSingapore—thetraditionaltopchoicesforChinesetravelers.TravelagenciesandindustryinsidershadalsoforecastthatJapanwouldseeasurgeintheinfluxofChinesetravelersfortheupcoming4.National(nation)Dayholiday,whichrunsfromSept29toOct6thisyear.TripsaidthatasofAug17,