PAGEPAGE22（全國卷）“超級全能生”2025屆高三英語1月聯(lián)考試題（丙卷）（含解析）留意事項：1.本試題卷共8頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試題卷上無效。4.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atacafe.B.Atagym.C.Ataclinic.2.What'sthemanfondofdoing?A.Goingskiing.B.Goinghiking.C.Goingclimbing.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman'sfamilymember.B.Theman'sfavoritesport.C.Theman'schildhoodmemory.4.Whichzooisthewoman'sfavourite?A.TheLahoreZoo.B.TheJalooZoo.C.TheCenterParkZoo.5.Whydidthemanthinkthemid-termexaminationwassohard?A.Hedidn'tfinishthetestpaper.B.Hedidn'treviewallthematerials.C.Hedidn'tadjusttothenewquestiontype.其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenisthewomangoingtothe4Sshop?A.Tomorrow.B.NextMonday.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.7.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Couple.聽第7段材料，回答第8,9題。8.Whatwastheman'spart-timejobwhenhewas17?A.Awaiter.B.Adishwasher.C.Ashopassistant.9.Wheredidthewomangetherfirstofficialjob?A.AtMcDonald's.B.Atacoffeeshop.C.Ataweddingdressshop.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whycanthewomandosportsallyearround?A.Shelovesdoingsportsverymuch.B.Sheisveryrichandhasmorefreetime.C.Theweatherinherhometownispleasant.11.Whichsportdoesthemanprobablylike?A.Basketball.B.Swimming.C.Yoga.12.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardstheteamsports?A.Ambiguous.B.Negative.C.Objective.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howistheman'seconomicfinal?A.Exciting.B.Surprising.C.Terrible.14.Whatwillthemandowithhiseconomiccourse?A.Keepitmessedup.B.Takethecourseonceagain.C.Findatutortohelpwiththecourse.15.What'sthewoman'sGPA(GradePointAverage)thisterm?A.3.1.B.3.4.C.3.216.Whydidthemanfailintheeconomicfinal?A.Heusedtocutclass.B.Heoftenplayedcomputergames.C.Hewastedhistimeplayingchess.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatkindofawarddidWFPwin?A.NobelPeacePrize.B.NobelLiteraturePrize.C.NobelEconomicsPrize.18.WhatdoesWFPthinkoftheaward?A.Anadmissiontofightingforhunger.B.Acontributiontobetteringconditions.C.Arecognitionforwhattheyhavedone.19.HowmanypeoplereceivedWFP'sassistancelastyear?A.Over97million.B.About88million.C.Nearly80million.20WhatproblemdidtheCOVID-19pandemiccause?A.Moreareaswereatwar.B.Globalfoodbecameinsecure.C.Peopleinwarzoneswereincreasing.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFilmstoregaincinematicloveThemagicspellofmotionpicturesstillworks.Afteramonths-longdeparturefromcinema,Chinesefilmgoersareeagertocelebratethecharmofthebigscreenagain.OnMonday,cinemasstartedtoreopen.Hereare3titlesontopofthescreeningschedule.DolittleAfterhiswife'sdeath,Dr.JohnDolittle(RobertDowneyJr.fromIronman)decidedtohidefromtheworldwithhisbelovedanimals.Buthehastotakeajourneytoamysteriousislandtofindahealingtree,whichistheonlymedicinethatcanhelpthedyingQueenVictoriainBuckinghamPalace.NeZhaMixedYuanBead(寶珠)isdividedintoaSpiritBeadandaDemonBead.NeZhaistheonewhoshouldbetheSpirit.BeadherobuttheSpiritBeadandtheDernonBeadareswitched.ThenNeZhaisoneofthebestanimated(動畫的)filmsevermadebyChinaandNo.2ontheboxofficechartforallfilmseverscreenedontheChinesemainland.Theboxofficehithasreachedmorethan700milliondollarsworldwide.CocoThisDisney-Pixarproductionoffersaheart-warmingcomedycombiningfantasy,music,familyvaluesandMexicanculture.Miguel,alittleboyfromafamilyofshoemakers,dreamsofbecominganaccomplishedmusicianlikehisrolemodel,ErnestodelaCruz.Desperatetoprovehistalent,MiguelfindshimselfintheamazingandcolorfulLandoftheDeadfollowingamysteriouschainofevents.Alongtheway,hemeetscharmingmagicianHector,andtogether,theysetoffonanextraordinaryjourneytounlocktherealstorybehindMiguel'sfamilyhistory.Firstscreenedin2024,CocobroughthometwoOscars,includingBestAnimatedFeatureFilm,oneGoldenGlobeandoneBAFTAAward.1.Whichmovieisaboutadoctor'smysteriousadventure?A.Dolittle. B.Ironman.C.Coco. D.NeZha.2.WhatdoNeZhaandCocohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothwinnersofawards. B.Theyarebothbasedonmyths.C.TheyarebothproducedinChina. D.Theyarebothanimatedmovies.3.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Atextbookonmovies. B.Afilmreviewinamagazine.C.Awebsiteonfilmrecommendation. D.Anintroductionofacinema.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對幾部正在上映的電影進行了舉薦，分別是Dolittle、NeZha和Coco?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Dolittle部分其次句“Buthehastotakeajourneytoamysteriousislandtofindahealingtree,whichistheonlymedicinethatcanhelpthedyingQueenVictoriainBuckinghamPalace.”（但是他不得不前往一個神奇的島嶼去找尋一棵治療樹，這是唯一能幫助白金漢宮垂死的維多利亞女王的藥物。）可知，Dolittle是關(guān)于一名醫(yī)生的神奇冒險的電影。故選A。【2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)NeZha部分第四句“NeZhaisoneofthebestanimated(動畫的)filmsevermadebyChinaandNo.2ontheboxofficechartforallfilmseverscreenedontheChinesemainland.”（《哪吒》是中國有史以來最好的動畫電影之一，在中國大陸上映的全部電影中票房排名其次。）和Coco部分最終一句“Firstscreenedin2024,CocobroughthometwoOscars,includingBestAnimatedFeatureFilm,oneGoldenGlobeandoneBAFTAAward.”（《尋夢空間》于2024年首次上映，捧回了兩項奧斯卡獎，包括最佳動畫長片獎、一個金球獎和一個英國電影學院獎。）可知，NeZha和Coco的共同之處在于它們都是動畫電影。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Hereare3titlesontopofthescreeningschedule.”（以下是排在放映時辰表前列的3部影片。）可知，文章是對正在上映的幾部電影的舉薦。所以推斷出短文來自電影舉薦網(wǎng)站。故選C。BLifebeganinHawaiiin1985formusicalcelebrityBrunoMars.Hisdad,Pete,wasapercussionist(打擊樂手)andhismom,Bernadette,wasasingeranddancer,soitseemednaturalthatBrunowouldonedaybecomeamusician.Atage4,Brunoofficiallyjoinedinashow,andaudiencesadoredhim.Thatearlyintroductiontoshowbusinesshelpedhimdevelopconfidence.Hesays,"Performingfromsuchayoungagejustgotmesocomfortableonstage.Growingupperforming-thatwasnormalforme."Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,BrunodecidedtomovetoLosAngelestopursueamusiccareer.Itwasn'teasy,though.HewasusedtoperformingregularlyasamusicianinHonolulu,Hawaii.ButLA'scompetitiveatmospherewasnothinglikethatinHawaii."It'snotlikeinmovies,whereyouwalkintoarecordcompanyandyou'regivenallthesegreatsongsYouhavetowritewhattheworldisgoingtowanttohear.IlearnedthatthehardwayhereinLA,"Brunosaid.Thoughtheenticementtogiveupwasgreat,heneverdid.Brunofoundthathecouldmakemoneyandbecomeestablishedbywritingsongsforfamoussingers.In2010Brunocaughtaluckybreakwhenhewasaskedtorecordoneofhissongs.Itrocketedtothetopofthecharts.Thatsameyearhereleasedhisfirstoriginalsolosingle,JusttheWayYouAre,whichalsohitnumberone.Thesong'ssuccessbroughtBrunoinstantfameandstarstatus.SincethenBrunoMarshasreceivednumerousmusicawardsandhonors.Hehassoldmorethan130millionrecords,makinghimoneofthebest-sellingartistsever.Manyofhisfansandpeersconsiderhimamusicalgeniusandoneoftheworld'sbestperformers.4.WhywasBruno'scareerdevelopmenthardinLA?A.Hewaslackinginconfidence. B.CompetitioninLAwasfiercer.C.Hedidn'tperformregularlyinLA. D.Theaudiencewasn'tattractedbyhim.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"enticement"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Instruction. B.Command.C.Inspiration. D.Appeal.6.WhatmadeBruno'scareertakeoff?A.Famoussingers'songswrittenbyhim.B.Hisrichexperienceinperformingonstage.C.Songshewasrequiredtorecordforhimself.D.Famoussingers'directionandrecommendation.7.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.AwardswonbyBrunoMars. B.PopularsongsbyBrunoMars.C.BrunoMars'struggleinLA. D.BrunoMars'roadtofame.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了聞名歌星布魯諾從少年歌手到當紅明星的成名之路?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第四句“ButLA'scompetitiveatmospherewasnothinglikethatinHawaii.”（但是洛杉磯的競爭氛圍和夏威夷完全不同。）可知，布魯諾在洛杉磯的事業(yè)發(fā)展很艱難是因為這里的競爭激烈。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“IlearnedthatthehardwayhereinLA”（這是我在洛杉磯經(jīng)驗的慘痛教訓）可知，這種慘烈的競爭讓人很想放棄，所以此處是指放棄的誘惑很大。enticement和appeal詞義相同。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒其次段第三句和第四句“In2010Brunocaughtaluckybreakwhenhewasaskedtorecordoneofhissongs.Itrocketedtothetopofthecharts.”（2010年，當布魯諾被邀請錄制他的一首歌時，他的運氣得到了突破。它快速登上了排行榜的榜首。）可知，要求他為自己錄制的歌曲讓布魯諾的事業(yè)騰飛。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段第三句和第四句“Atage4,Brunoofficiallyjoinedinashow,andaudiencesadoredhim.Thatearlyintroductiontoshowbusinesshelpedhimdevelopconfidence.”（4歲時，布魯諾正式參與了一場演出，觀眾們都很喜愛他。早期進入演藝圈幫助他樹立了信念。）可知，第一段是講布魯諾的早期經(jīng)驗，依據(jù)其次段第一句和其次句“Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,BrunodecidedtomovetoLosAngelestopursueamusiccareer.Itwasn'teasy,though.”（中學畢業(yè)后，布魯諾確定搬到洛杉磯從事音樂事業(yè)。但這并不簡單。）可知，其次段講解并描述布魯諾在洛杉磯早期遇到的困難，依據(jù)第三段第三句和第四句“In2010Brunocaughtaluckybreakwhenhewasaskedtorecordoneofhissongs.Itrocketedtothetopofthecharts.”（2010年，當布魯諾被邀請錄制他的一首歌時，他的運氣得到了突破。它快速登上了排行榜的榜首。）可知，第三段是講布魯諾起先走紅，依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“Manyofhisfansandpeersconsiderhimamusicalgeniusandoneoftheworld'sbestperformers.”（他的很多歌迷和同行都認為他是一個音樂天才，也是世界上最好的表演者之一。）可知，最終一段是講布魯諾的事業(yè)特別勝利。所以文章是講布魯諾的成名之路。故選D。CFewthingshavecausedasmuchcontroversyasgeneticallymodified(轉(zhuǎn)基因)foods.A2024researchcenterfoundthat49%ofAmericansthinkfoodscontainingGMingredients(成分)areworseforone'shealththannaturalfoods.Slightlyfewerpeople,44%,believefoodswithGMingredientsareneitherbetternorworseforone'shealth.Only5%sayGMfoodsarebetterforone'shealth.Thecenterthusrevealsanearly50-50splitamongAmericansastowhetherGMfoodsareharmfulornot.WhatevertheymaybelieveaboutGMfoods,theyhavenearlybeenconsumedeverywhereinAmerica.About90%ofallcrops,suchascorn,aregeneticallymodified.OneormoreoftheseingredientsgoesintonearlyallofthefoodproductsprocessedintheU.S.InAmerica,allGMfoodsmustbeapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA),whichrequirescarefulassessment.GMfoodscanresultinanimprovementofafood'sappearanceortaste;someGMfoodsmaturefasterandareslowertorot.So,whydohalfofAmericansbelievefoodscontainingGMingredientsareworse?Onereasonistheincreasedinterestinnaturalandorganicfoods.Anotheristhatthelong-termeffectsofeatingGMfoods,whichwereonlyintroducedabout20yearsago,areunknown.Thescientificconsensus,basedonmanystudies,isthatGMfoodsarenotdangeroustohumanhealth.TheAmericanDieteticAssociationarguesthatGMfoodscanevenbehealthierforyou.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)statesthat."GMfoodscurrentlyavailableonthemarkethavepassedsafetyassessmentsandarenotlikelytopresentrisksforhumanhealth".FoodsafetyorganizationswanttoexpressthatGMfoodsaresafe,butuntillong-termstudiesarepossible,manypeoplewillremainskeptical.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthestudyinthebeginning?A.TodefineGMfoods. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toexpressanopinion. D.Toprovideevidence.9.WhatcarpweinferaboutGMfoods?A.Theytastebetterbutripeslower.B.It'shardtoavoidthemindailylife.C.Theydiffergreatlyfromnaturalfoods.D.It'seasytodeterminewhetherthey'resafe.10.Whydonearly50%ofAmericansbelieveGMfoodsareworse?A.Thelong-terminfluenceofGMfoodsisn'tclear.B.OrganicfoodsarehealthierthanGMfoods.C.WHObelievesthatGMfoodsratherriskyforhealth.D.Thefiguresofthestudiesmayheinaccurate.11.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsGMfoods?A.Approving. B.Skeptical.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇爭論文。文章介紹了人們以及科學界對于轉(zhuǎn)基因食物的爭議。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容Fewthingshavecausedasmuchcontroversyasgeneticallymodified(轉(zhuǎn)基因)foods….Thecenterthusrevealsanearly50-50splitamongAmericansastowhetherGMfoodsareharmfulornot.（很少有什么能像轉(zhuǎn)基因食品那樣引起如此大的爭議。2024年的一個探討中心發(fā)覺，49%的美國人認為含有轉(zhuǎn)基因成分的食品比自然食品更有害健康。略少一些的人(44%)認為含有轉(zhuǎn)基因成分的食物對健康既沒有好處也沒有壞處。只有5%的人認為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品對健康更有益。因此，該中心揭示，在美國人中，關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否有害的看法幾乎是一半對一半。）可知，本段介紹了一項關(guān)于人們對轉(zhuǎn)基因食物是否對人體健康有害的觀點的調(diào)研，目的是通過介紹人們對于轉(zhuǎn)基因食物的觀點來引出本文的主題。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“WhatevertheymaybelieveaboutGMfoods,theyhavenearlybeenconsumedeverywhereinAmerica.About90%ofallcrops,suchascorn,aregeneticallymodified.OneormoreoftheseingredientsgoesintonearlyallofthefoodproductsprocessedintheU.S.”（不管他們對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的看法如何，它們幾乎已經(jīng)在美國各地被消費。大約90%的農(nóng)作物，如玉米，是轉(zhuǎn)基因的。在美國加工的幾乎全部食品中都含有一種或多種這類成分。）由此可推知，在日常生活中很難避開轉(zhuǎn)基因食物。故選B?！?0題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Anotheristhatthelong-termeffectsofeatingGMfoods,whichwereonlyintroducedabout20yearsago,areunknown.”（另一個緣由是，食用轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的長期影響尚不清晰，這種食品大約在20年前才被引入。）由此可知，幾乎50%的美國人都認為轉(zhuǎn)基因食物不好是因為它們的長期影響還不明確。故選A。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容尤其是最終一段“FoodsafetyorganizationswanttoexpressthatGMfoodsaresafe,butuntillong-termstudiesarepossible,manypeoplewillremainskeptical.”（食品平安組織希望表達轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是平安的，但在可能進行長期探討之前，很多人仍將持懷疑看法。）可知，作者客觀地介紹了當今各個組織以及人們對于轉(zhuǎn)基因食物的看法，并未明確說明自己的觀點。由此可推知，作者對于轉(zhuǎn)基因食物的看法是客觀的。故選C。DSittingarounddoingnothingusedtoseemlikeoneofthesafestactivitiespossible.Thenafewyearsagoscientistsdiscoveredthatsittingallclaycausesharmfulchangesthatincreaseyourchancesofmeetinganearlyend.Evenregularworkoutsdidn'tfixtheilleffectsofhavingyourbottominachairallworkday.Suddenly,sittingbecamepublichealthenemynumberone.However,anewresearchfindsthattinyburstsofintenseactivityareenoughtoprotectyourbodyfromtheworsteffectsofyourcouch-boundlifestyle.Intheresearch,thescientistscloselyobservedeightyoung,healthyvolunteersastheysataround.Onthefirstdayoftheexperimenttheysimplyloungedforsixhours.Ontheseconddaytheygotupeveryhourandengagedinfiveroundsoffoursecondsofintenseworkoutsonaspecializedbike."Twentysecondstotalexerciseanhoursoundslikenothing,butthedatashoweditmadeabigdifferencetothesubjects'bodies.Inshort,theydidn'texhibittheusualilleffectsofhavingsatallday.Thisstudyissmall,butit'sstillbothhopefulandrelevant.Theresultssuggestthatbreakingupsittingwithfrequentexercisecanundosomeoftheeffectsofbeinginactive,"explainsGretchenReynolds."Whilethestudyusedaspecialtypeofbikedevelopedbysportsscientists,theresearchersfeelsimilarresultsareobtainablewithhomeexerciseequipment.However,youmayhavetoworkforafewmoresecondstoreachthesamelevelofintensity.Youshouldtrytogetyourheartpumpingtoitsmaximumasquicklyaspossibletoensuretheeffect.Whenyoufindyourselfsittingformostoftheday,trytorisefrequentlyandmoveasoftenduringthedayaspossibleandforasmanysecondsasyoucanmanage,"Reynoldsconcludes.12.Whatdoesthenewresearchfind?A.Regularworkoutscanextendyourlife.B.Sittingallclaycancausepermanentharm.C.Sittingisaworstenemyforpeople'shealth.D.Intenseexercisecanrelievethedamageofsitting.13.Howdidtheresearchersreachtheconclusion?A.Bycomparingfigures. B.Byanalyzingphenomena.C.Bydescribingbehaviors. D.Byreferringtodocuments.14.WhatcanweknowfromReynolds'words?A.Thestudystillneedsfurtherexperimentsfordata.B.Reachingmaximumheartrateshouldbetheaim.C.Workingoutathomeismuchlesseffective.D.20seconds'exerciseisfarfromenough.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheWorstHealthProblemIsSolvedB.IntenseActivitiesAreBeneficialtoHealthC.Just4Seconds'ExerciseMakesaBigDifferenceD.NewResearchRedefinesaHealthyLifestyle【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。久坐會給人體帶來很大的危害，探討發(fā)覺，短促而激烈的運動可以快速達到最高心率，緩解這種危害?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“However,anewresearchfindsthattinyburstsofintenseactivityareenoughtoprotectyourbodyfromtheworsteffectsofyourcouch-boundlifestyle.”（然而，一項新的探討發(fā)覺，少量的高強度運動足以愛護你的身體免受終日賴在沙發(fā)上生活方式的最壞影響。）可知，這項新的探討發(fā)覺猛烈運動可以減輕久坐帶來的損害。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Twentysecondstotalexerciseanhoursoundslikenothing,butthedatashoweditmadeabigdifferencetothesubjects'bodies.”（每小時20秒的熬煉聽起來沒什么，但數(shù)據(jù)顯示，這對受試者的身體有很大的影響。）可知，探討者通過比較數(shù)據(jù)得到了試驗結(jié)論。故選A?！?4題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第三句“Youshouldtrytogetyourheartpumpingtoitsmaximumasquicklyaspossibletoensuretheeffect.”（你應(yīng)當盡可能快地讓你的心臟跳動到最大，以確保效果。）可知，達到最大心率應(yīng)當是目標。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Twentysecondstotalexerciseanhoursoundslikenothing,butthedatashoweditmadeabigdifferencetothesubjects'bodies.”（每小時20秒的熬煉聽起來沒什么，但數(shù)據(jù)顯示，這對受試者的身體有很大的影響。）可知，探討發(fā)覺只有幾秒的熬煉可以帶來很大的不同，能夠緩解久坐帶來的危害。所以最好的標題是“僅僅4秒鐘的熬煉就會有很大的不同”，能夠強調(diào)短促而激烈的運動的好處。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Nosebleedsmaybeannoyingbutthey'renotuncommon.Eachyear,upto60millionpeopleintheU.S.experienceabloodynose,accordingtoYaleMedicine.Thenosecontainsmanybloodvessels(血管)thathelpwarmandhumidifytheairyoubreathein.____16____Thismakestheminjuredeasilyeitherfromdryenvironments,blowingyournosetoohardorpickingatthemwithyourfingers.Inmostcases,nosebleedsaren'treasonforalarmandcanbeeffectivelytreatedathome.____17____Thereareseveralwaystostopabloodynose,butYaleMedicinesuggeststhefollowingstepstostopitathome:Sitdownandfirmlypinch(捏緊)thesoftpartofyournosejustabovethenostrils(鼻孔)forabout10minutesusingatissueortowel.Don'tleanyourheadback.____18____Thiswillforcebloodtowardthetissueonyournoseandhelppreventbloodfromrollingdownthebackofyourthroatandintoyourstomach.Placeacloth-coveredicepackonthebridgeofyournosetotightenbloodvesselsandhelprelieveanyinflammation(炎癥).Don'tliedown.____19____Itwillhelpreducebloodpressureinthebloodvesselsinyournoseandlessenthebleed.Ifbleedingdoesn'tstopafter10minutesofpressure,usenosedropssuchasAfrin.____20____A.Theyareexposedtoair.B.Howdoyoustopanosebleed?C.Keepyournoseaboveyourheart.D.What'sthefavoritewaytostopanosebleed?E.Theylieclosetosurfaceoftheinsideofyournose.F.Insteadleanforwardandbreathethroughyourmouth.G.Twospraysevery10minutesuptothreetimesuntilbleedingstops.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個在家就可以有效治療流鼻血的方法?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Thenosecontainsmanybloodvessels(血管)thathelpwarmandhumidifytheairyoubreathein.”（鼻子里有很多血管，幫助你呼吸的空氣變得溫溫煦潮濕。）和下文“hismakestheminjuredeasilyeitherfromdryenvironments,blowingyournosetoohardorpickingatthemwithyourfingers.”（這會使它們很簡單受傷，或者是在干燥的環(huán)境中，用力擤鼻涕或者用手指摳鼻子。）可知，空處呈上啟下，說明血管的位置，E項中的“they”指代上文中的“bloodvessels”。E項：Theylieclosetosurfaceoftheinsideofyournose.（它們靠近你鼻子內(nèi)部的表面。）符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)下文“Thereareseveralwaystostopabloodynose,butYaleMedicinesuggeststhefollowingstepstostopitathome”（有幾種方法可以阻擋流鼻血，但耶魯醫(yī)學院建議實行以下步驟在家里止血。）可知，空處說明如何阻擋鼻血。B項：Howdoyoustopanosebleed?（怎樣才能止住流鼻血呢？）符合語境。故選B。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Don'tleanyourheadback.”（不要把頭向后仰。）和下文“Thiswillforcebloodtowardthetissueonyournoseandhelppreventbloodfromrollingdownthebackofyourthroatandintoyourstomach.”（這將迫使血液流向鼻子上的組織，并有助于防止血液從喉嚨后部流到胃里。）可知，空處承上啟下，說明詳細應(yīng)當如何阻擋鼻血從喉嚨后部流到胃里。F項：Insteadleanforwardandbreathethroughyourmouth.（相反身體前傾，用嘴呼吸。）符合語境?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Don'tliedown”（不要躺下。）和下文“Itwillhelpreducebloodpressureinthebloodvesselsinyournoseandlessenthebleed.”（它將有助于降低你鼻子血管的血壓和削減出血。）可知，空處承上啟下，說明應(yīng)當讓鼻子放置什么位置。C項：Keepyournoseaboveyourheart.（保持你的鼻子在你的心臟上方。）符合語境。故選C。【20題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Ifbleedingdoesn'tstopafter10minutesofpressure,usenosedropssuchasAfrin.”（假如壓了10分鐘血還沒止住，可以用阿夫林之類的滴鼻劑。）可知，G項中的“Twosprays”和上文的“usenosedropssuchasAfrin”呼應(yīng)。G項：Twospraysevery10minutesuptothreetimesuntilbleedingstops.（每10分鐘噴兩次，最多3次，直至出血停止。）符合語境。說明滴鼻劑怎么用。故選G。第三部分語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Bringinghomeadogwasthefurthestthingfrommymind.MydaughterEmilyhadother____21____,however.Soonahotday,whenI____22____thatIstillhadabsolutelyno____23____tobringhomeadog,IfoundmyselfwithEmilyandmywifeBetsydrivingtotheanimal____24____tolookatpuppies,andwenamedtheonewechose"Sophie".Twomonthsafterher____25____,mymotherwaskilledinacaraccident,andIfelt____26____byherdeath.Inthemornings,afterBetsyandEmilyleft,insteadof____27____onmywriting,allIcoulddowasto____28____intospace.Thatfeelingseemedasthoughitwasgoingto____29____therestofmylife.Sophie,however,wasnotinterestedin_____30_____mylookingintospace.Shewould_____31_____metotakeherout.Oncewewereatthepark,shewould_____32_____meuntilIplayedwithher.Ilearnedfromher_____33_____thatlifecanbegoodagain.Emily_____34_____withSophie,andso(lidBetsyandIinourown_____35_____.WhenEmilywastwentyandabouttoleavehome,shemovedtoGeorgia.Itwasanotherdifficult_____36_____asBetsyandIfrequently_____37_____empty-nestsymptomduringthattime,butSophiewasthereforus.Shewasoldernowandnotas_____38_____aboutracingaround.Whensheleftusfinally,itwasdifficult,butIcouldonlybe_____39_____forthemanyyearswe'dhadtogether.Lifeis_____40_____changing.Nomatterwhatknocksyoudown,youneedtogetup,firmlybelievingthatitcanbewonderfulagain,evenifitcanneverbethesame.21.A.discoveries B.plans C.purposes D.dreams22.A.pretended B.negotiated C.insisted D.screamed23.A.ability B.potential C.opportunity D.desire24.A.shelter B.hospital C.farm D.camp25.A.performance B.injury C.arrival D.sickness26.A.destroyed B.torn C.frightened D.defeated27.A.commenting B.relying C.concentrating D.waiting28.A.rush B.stare C.break D.bounce29.A.last B.corrupt. C.mark D.contain30.A.comprehending B.prohibiting C.tolerating D.observing31A.urge B.force C.persuade D.warn32.A.defend B.annoy C.attack D.hate33.A.innocence B.bark C.statement D.struggle34.A.movedaround B.wentforward C.grewup D.ateout35.A.house B.mind C.opinion D.way36.A.situation B.period C.task D.compromise37A.experienced B.ignored C.misunderstood D.emphasized38.A.anxious B.particular C.serious D.enthusiastic39.A.responsible B.prepared C.regretful D.grateful40.A.currently B.necessarily C.constantly D.automatically【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.B29.A30.D31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D36.B37.A38.D39.D40.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的狗狗Sophie對他的人生產(chǎn)生的影響?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，我女兒艾米麗另有準備。A.discoveries發(fā)覺；B.plans支配，準備；C.purposes目的；D.dreams幻想。依據(jù)下文中的“however”及作者一家買狗的經(jīng)驗可知，此處指女兒有別的準備。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，在一個燥熱的日子里，當我堅持說我還是肯定不想帶狗回家的時候，我和埃米莉、妻子貝琪開車去動物收容所看小狗，我們把選中的小狗命名為“索菲”。A.pretended假裝；B.negotiated談判；C.insisted堅持；D.screamed尖叫。依據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者仍舊堅決自己的想法。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.ability實力；B.potential潛力；C.opportunity機會；D.desire欲望，期盼。依據(jù)上文“Bringinghomeadogwasthefurthestthingfrommymind.”可知，此處表示作者堅決自己沒有想要帶一只狗狗回家的欲望。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.shelter收容所；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.farm農(nóng)場；D.camp營地。依據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)ookatpuppies”及語境可知，作者一家前往了動物收容所。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她來后兩個月，我母親死于一場車禍，我為母親的死感到特別難受。A.performance表演；B.injury傷痛；C.arrival到達；D.sickness生病。依據(jù)上文中的“wechose?Sophie?”可知，此處表示Sophie到家的兩個月后。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.destroyed被毀壞的；B.torn苦痛的，遲疑的；C.frightened膽怯 的，受驚的；D.defeated被擊敗的，麻煩的。依據(jù)上文中的“mymotherwaskilled”及下文中的"byherdeath"可知，作者對于母親的離世感到很苦痛。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天早上，貝琪和艾米麗離開后，我所能做的不是用心寫作，而是注視太空。A.commenting評價；B.relying依靠；C.concentrating集中精力；D.waiting等待。依據(jù)下文中的“onmywriting,allIcoulddowasto____8____intospace.”及語境可知，此處表示作者不能用心寫作。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.rush急促；B.stare盯著；C.break損壞；D.bounce使彈起。依據(jù)下文“Sophie,however,wasnotinterestedin____10____mylookingintospace.”可知，作者所能做的就是整日發(fā)呆。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那種感覺好像會持續(xù)我的整個余生。A.last持續(xù)；B.corrupt使腐化；C.mark標記；D.contain包含。依據(jù)語境可知，作者認為失去母親的感受可能會在自己的余生里始終持續(xù)。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，索菲并沒有愛好看著我視察太空發(fā)呆。A.comprehending理解；B.prohibiting禁止；C.tolerating忍受；D.observing視察。依據(jù)下文“Shewould____11____metotakeherout.”及語境可知，Sophie對視察作者發(fā)呆不感愛好，Sophie想要作者帶她出去玩。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她會督促我?guī)鋈?。A.urge督促；B.force強迫；C.persuade勸告；D.warn警告。依據(jù)前文可知，Sophie對視察作者發(fā)呆不感愛好，她督促作者帶她出去玩。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一到公園，她就會纏著打攪我，直到我和她玩。A.defend防護；B.annoy煩擾，打攪；C.attack攻擊；D.hate厭煩。依據(jù)下文中的“untilIplayedwithher”可知，Sophie會始終打攪作者，直到作者跟她玩。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從她的純真中學到生活可以再美妙。A.innocence天真爛漫，無辜；B.bark叫聲；C.statement陳述，觀點；D.struggle掙扎。依據(jù)上文“Shewould____11____metotakeherout.Oncewewereatthepark,shewould____12____meuntilIplayedwithher.”可知，以上都是Sophie天真的行為，這種天真也讓作者明白生活會好起來的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：艾米麗和索菲一起長大，我和貝琪也是這樣。A.movedaround走來走去；B.wentforward前進；C.grewup成長；D.ateout外出就餐。依據(jù)下文中的“WhenEmilywastwentyandabouttoleavehome”可推知，Emily與Sophie一起長大。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.house房子；B.mind頭腦；C.opinion觀點；D.way方式。依據(jù)語境可知，作者和Betsy也以自己的方式成長。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是另一段艱難的時期，我和貝琪在那段時間常常經(jīng)驗空巢癥狀，但蘇菲始終在我們身邊。A.situation狀況；B.period一段時間；C.task任務(wù)；D.compromise妥協(xié)。依據(jù)下文中的“Ifrequently____17____empty-nestsymptomduringthattime”可知，這是另一段艱難的時間。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.experienced體會；B.ignored忽視，忽視；C.misunderstood誤會；D.emphasized強調(diào)。依據(jù)上文中的“shemovedtoGeorgia”可知，作者在那段時間體會著空巢老人出現(xiàn)的癥狀。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她現(xiàn)在年紀大了，不再有熱忱到處跑了。A.anxious焦慮的，擔憂的；B.particular特殊的；C.serious肅穆的；D.enthusiastic熱忱的。依據(jù)上文中的“Shewasoldernow”可知，Sophie現(xiàn)在長大了，不再有熱忱到處跑了。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當她最終離開我們時，盡管這對我來說很困難，但我對她這么多年的陪伴特別感謝。A.responsible負責任的；B.prepared有準備的；C.regretful缺憾的；D.grateful感謝的。依據(jù)下文中的“forthemanyyearswe?dhadtogether”及語境可知，作者對Sophie這么多年的陪伴特別感謝。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：生活總是在改變。A.currently當前，目前；B.necessarily必要地；C.constantly始終，始終；D.automatically自動地。依據(jù)語境可知，生活始終在發(fā)生著改變。故選C。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnJanuary24,1848,JamesMarshall,amechanic,discoveredgoldintheColomaValleyofCalifornia.Wordofthisfinding____41____(publish)inEasternnewspapersinthefallof1848andw