PAGEUnit3UsingLanguageⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Changeofclimatemusthavehadapowerfulinfluenceonmigration(migrate).2.Ihaveinmypossession(possess)aletterwhichmaybeofinteresttoyou.3.Theyhavenomercyonthepoorfatheranddaughter.4.Amanisunderarrestfollowingthesuspiciousdeathofhiswife.5.Fifteenmilliontreeshadbeenblowndownbythehighwinds,blocking(block)roads,pathsandrailwaylines.6.Whatmakeshisparentsworriedisnothisgradesbutthathehasn’tanyinterestinlearning.7.Manychemicalshaveadamaging(damage)effectontheenvironment.8.Bothofthemhavebeenthroughanawfullotandhopefully(hopeful)nowIcanhelpthemrebuildtheirlives.9.Theaudienceapplauded(applause)theirfavoritesingerasshecameonthestage.10.Thereisnothingbutcriticismfortheuntruecoverage(cover)ofthefootballgameonthewebsite.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Theywerelostatthesea,atthemercyofthewindandweather.

他們?cè)诤Ｉ厦粤寺?任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。2.Wecan’ttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.

全部的文件都簽字以后,我們才能擁有這房子。3.AsIlookedthroughthebook,severalprintingmistakesarrestedmysight.

我翻閱這本書(shū)時(shí)發(fā)覺(jué)了幾個(gè)印刷錯(cuò)誤。4.Theymaybeabletohelpwithchildcaresothatyoucanhaveabreak.

他們可以幫忙照料孩子,這樣你就可以歇一歇了。5.Scientistshavebeenexploringspace,andmeanwhilemannedsubmersiblesarebeingimprovedunderwater.

科學(xué)家們始終在探究太空,同時(shí)載人潛艇也在水下改進(jìn)。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWeknowmoreaboutthesurfaceoftheplanetMarsthanweknowaboutwhatisatthebottomofEarth’soceans.Untilrecently,scientistshadmappedonlyabout20percentoftheseafloor.Butourknowledgeofthedeepseasischangingbecauseofinformationfromsatellites.Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Thenewmapistwiceasdetailedasthemapmade20yearsago.DavidSandwellisageophysicsprofessorattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyattheUniversityofCalifornia“Thewaywe’redoingthatistouseasatellitealtimeter(測(cè)高儀),aradartomapthetopography(地形)oftheoceansurface.Thatisbecausetheoceansurfacetopographyisdifferentbecauseofgravitational(引力的)effects.”Thescientistscollectedandstudiedinformationfromtwosatellites.OnewastheEuropeanSpaceAgency’sCryo-2satellitethatwasplacedinEarth’sorbittowatchseaice.TheothersatelliteistheAmericanspaceagency’sJason-1,studyingthesurfaceoftheoceans.Scientistscombinedthesatellitedatawithimagesgatheredbyequipmentonships.Theequipmentworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.Thenewmapshowstheseafloorasithasneverbeenseenbefore.Itshowsthousandsofunderwatermountainsandplaceswherecontinentspulledapart.Itshowswhereearthquakeswereactivemanyyearsago.Inoneplace,threemountainridges(山脊)joinatthesamearea.“It’scalledtheIndianOceanTripleJunction.It’soneofmyfavoritespotsintheocean.Youhavethreeplates—theAfricanplate,andtheIndo-AustralianplateandtheAntarcticplate—allconnectedatthisonepointinthecenteroftheIndianOcean,”saysDavidSandwell.Themapisapowerfultoolforthoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.Italsocanhelpshipstravelsafelyandimprovescientificprojectsworldwide.Ofcourse,scientistswillmakemanymorediscoveriesastheyexaminethenewmapandtheinformationitprovides.【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文。講解并描述科學(xué)家繪制了海底面積百分之二十的地圖,得益于衛(wèi)星傳來(lái)的信息,有助于我們對(duì)于深海的了解更加具體。1.Wecanowethesuccessofthenewmappingprojectto.

A.thedetailsoftheoldmapB.Europe’scooperationwithAmericaC.scientists’continualmeasuringworkundertheseaD.theapplicationofradarandsoundwavemeasuringequipment【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的Thewaywe’redoingthatistouseasatellitealtimeter,aradartomapthetopographyoftheoceansurface和第四段的Theequipmentworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.可知,我們可以把新的繪圖項(xiàng)目的勝利歸功于雷達(dá)和聲波測(cè)量設(shè)備的應(yīng)用。故選D。2.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A.Theyhopedtousespacetechnologytomaptheoceanfloor.B.Theywantedthesatellitetoproducethemap.C.Theyhadneverexploredthedeeperocean.D.Theydecidedtosearchtheouterspace.【解析】選A。詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)下文DavidSandwell教授說(shuō)的Thewaywe’redoingthatistouse...differentbecauseofgravitationaleffects.可知,畫(huà)線部分說(shuō)的是他們求助于太空來(lái)更深化地探究海洋,也就是希望利用空間技術(shù)繪制海底地圖。故選A。3.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A.Thefunctionofsoundwaves.B.Thedifferencesoftwosatellites.C.ThedifficultiesofmappingtheoceansD.Theprocessofmappingtheoceanfloor.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,本段講解并描述科學(xué)家們從兩顆衛(wèi)星收集和探討信息?？茖W(xué)家將衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)與船上設(shè)備收集的圖像結(jié)合起來(lái)。因此推斷本段主要講解并描述繪制海床的過(guò)程。故選D。4.Thefifthparagraphisusedto.

A.showthediscoverythroughthenewmapB.provetheearthquakeswereactiveundertheoceanC.explainhowtheoceanfloordevelopedD.introducewhattheunderwatermountainswerelike【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段的Thenewmapshowstheseafloor...manyyearsago.可知,本段被用來(lái)展示新地圖的發(fā)覺(jué)。故選A。B“Shineinthedark”dolphinsmayseemlikesomethingstraightoutofasciencefictionmovie.However,thatispreciselywhatNewportCoastalAdventures’CaptainRyanLawlerandprofessionalvideographerPatrickCoynewitnessed,whentheysetouttoexplorethespectacularbluetidesthathavebeenlightingupthewatersoffSouthernCalifornia’scoastsincemid-April.Thepartnerscannedtheoceanforhoursandwasreturningtoshorewhentheyspottedthe“electric”dolphinsswimmingthroughthebloomofshiningplankton(浮游生物).Thevideographer,whohadseenthephenomenononlyoncebeforeinaNetflixshow,sayscatchingthescenesprovedtobealotharderthanhehadexpected.“Forstarters,theshiningplanktonhassweetspotstowhereitshowsupandthenfadesaway,sowhileonthewater,it’simpossibletojustfindit,”Coynesays.“Also,conditionshavetobeabsolutelyperfectfortheshiningplanktontoshowandforanimalstoswimthroughitsowecanfilmit.”

Thoughwitnessingshiningsealifeisrare,theelectrifyingblueoceansceneryisafairlycommonsightaroundSouthernCaliforniabetweenFebruaryandSeptember.Thephenomenoncanbeattributedtothepresenceofmillionsofplankton,whichtendtogatherandreproduceinlargequantitiesinthewarmcoastalwatersduringthistime.ThoughamajorityofCalifornia’sredtidesarecausedbyplanktonspeciesthatdonotproducedeadlypoison,somealgalblooms(藻花)canbedangerousforseaanimals,especiallywhentheystayforlongperiodsoftime.In2024,analmostyear-long“redtide”alongFlorida’sGulfcoastcausedbytheexcessivegrowthofmicroalgaeKareniaBrevis,killedhundredsoffishandotherseaanimals.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了發(fā)光的浮游生物,以及說(shuō)明白浮游生物過(guò)度生長(zhǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋生物的死亡。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sweetspots”inParagraph2mean?A.Aseaplant.B.Alostworld.C.Aperfectmoment.D.Amissingcamera.【解析】選C。詞義揣測(cè)題。由其次段中的“Forstarters,theshiningplankton...it’simpossibletojustfindit,”可知,發(fā)光的浮游生物在它們出現(xiàn)和消逝的地方都有自己的閃光點(diǎn),“sweetspots”指的是浮游生物出現(xiàn)和消逝的地方,是一個(gè)完備的時(shí)刻。故選C項(xiàng)。6.Whatisthemainreasonforthesealifeshining?A.Theyabsorbthelightintheoceanandthenreflectit.B.Theyaresurroundedbymillionsofshiningplankton.C.Theyswimthroughtheoceanwithelectricityinlargequantities.D.Theybenefitfromthewarmwatertopowerthemselves.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Thoughwitnessingshiningsealifeisrare...duringthistime.”可知,海洋生物發(fā)光的主要緣由是,它們被數(shù)百萬(wàn)閃亮的浮游生物包圍著。故選B項(xiàng)。7.Whatcausedthedeathofsomeseaanimalsaccordingtothetext?A.Redtides.B.Humanexploration.C.Warmwater.D.Algalblooms.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“ThoughamajorityofCalifornia’sredtides...killedhundredsoffishandotherseaanimals.”可知,造成海洋生物死亡的緣由是藻類(lèi)的繁殖。故選D項(xiàng)。8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science.B.Health.C.Entertainment.D.Education.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,文章介紹了發(fā)光的浮游生物,以及說(shuō)明白浮游生物過(guò)度生長(zhǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋生物的死亡?？梢酝茢?這篇說(shuō)明文可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版面。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀填句BeginningwithChineseeffortstoexploreandconnectwithCentralAsia,theSilkRoadconsistedofmassivesmallroutesandwasnamedafterthesilkcloththeChineseproduced.1Throughtheseroutes,Chinesesilk,porcelain,lacquerworkandironwarewereshippedtotheWest,whilepepper,flax,spices,grapeandpomegranateenteredChina.

2Theypromotedflowofknowledgeaswell.Arabastronomy,calendarandmedicinefoundtheirwaytoChina,whileChina’sfourgreatinventionsandsilkwormbreedingspreadtootherpartsoftheworld.3Forexample,BuddhismoriginatedinIndia,blossomedinChinaandwasenrichedinSoutheastAsia.Confucianism,whichwasborninChina,gainedappreciationbyEuropeanthinkerssuchasLeibnizandVoltaire.Hereinliestheappealofmutual(相互的)learning.

Theancientsilkrouteswitnessedthebusyscenesofvisitsandtradeoverlandandshipscallingatports.Alongthesemajorroutes,capital,technologyandpeopleflowedfreely.4Theancientprosperouscitiesandportsdeveloped,sodidtheRomanEmpireaswellasParthiaandKushanKingdoms.TheHanandTangDynastiesofChinaenteredthegoldenage.Theancientsilkroutesbroughtprosperitytotheseregionsandcontributedtotheirdevelopment.

SomeregionsalongtheancientSilkRoadusedtobealandofmilkandhoney.Yettoday,theseplacesareoftenassociatedwithconflict,crisisandchallenge.5Now,theBeltandRoadInitiativeintendstobuildanopenplatformofcooperationandabroadcommunityofsharedinterests.Itwillnotonlyachieveeconomicgrowthandbalanceddevelopment,butalsoconnectdifferentcivilizations.Mutualunderstanding,mutualrespect,andmutualtrustamongdifferentcountrieswillbeboosted.

A.Moreimportantly,ideaswerealsoexchanged.B.Theancientsilkrouteswerenotonlyfortrade.C.Goods,resourcesandbenefitswerewidelyshared.D.Suchstateofaffairsshouldnotbeallowedtocontinue.E.However,silkwasjustoneofmanygoodstradedontheseroutes.F.Largeempiresprovidedstabilityandprotectionforthetraderoutes.G.TheSilkRoadwasneveranactualroad,orevenasinglemassivetraderoute.【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文,介紹了絲綢之路的發(fā)展歷史和意義,不僅有物資貿(mào)易,也有學(xué)問(wèn)傳播和觀念的溝通?，F(xiàn)在的“一帶一路”供應(yīng)了一個(gè)合作、均衡發(fā)展的平臺(tái)。1.【解析】選E。此處是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)線索。依據(jù)后一句“通過(guò)這些路途,中國(guó)絲綢、瓷器、漆器和鐵器被運(yùn)往西方,而辣椒、亞麻、香料、葡萄和石榴進(jìn)入中國(guó)”可知此段說(shuō)的是絲綢之路上物資的貿(mào)易。silk是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)E意為:然而,絲綢只是在這些路途上交易的很多商品之一。故選E項(xiàng)。2.【解析】選B。此處是邏輯線索和代詞指代。后一句aswell表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,notonly與aswell相關(guān)聯(lián)。選項(xiàng)B意為:古代絲綢之路不僅是為了貿(mào)易。They指代theancientsilkroutes。故選B項(xiàng)。3.【解析】選A?？蘸笈e例“Buddhism佛教、Confucianism儒家思想”說(shuō)明絲綢之路上觀念的溝通。選項(xiàng)A引出下一句的話題,意為:更重要的是,還溝通了觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。4.【解析】選C。此處是詞匯線索。前一句“資本、技術(shù)和人員自由流淌(flowedfreely)”和選項(xiàng)C中werewidelyshared意思相關(guān)聯(lián)。選項(xiàng)C意為:商品、資源和利益被廣泛共享。故選C項(xiàng)。5.【解析】選D。此處是代詞指代線索?？涨耙痪洹叭欢袢?這些地方往往與沖突、危機(jī)和挑戰(zhàn)聯(lián)系在一起”。選項(xiàng)D中suchstateofaffairs指代上一句中陳述的狀況。選項(xiàng)D意為:這種狀況不應(yīng)接著下去。故選D項(xiàng)。主題活動(dòng)·遷移應(yīng)用Ⅰ.語(yǔ)用功能表達(dá)描寫(xiě)海洋的詞匯sea海;opensea遠(yuǎn)海;ocean大洋;inlet小灣;bay海灣,灣;gulf海灣;cove灣;cape海角;promontory,headland海角,岬;cliff懸崖峭壁;port,harbour(美作:harbor)港;bay,roadstead碇泊;sandbank沙灘;beach海灘;strait海峽;isthmus地峽;reef礁石;key暗礁;sandbar沙洲;tide潮;wave浪;undertow回頭浪;tempest風(fēng)暴;groundswell涌浪;seaquake海震,海嘯;lowwater最低水位;territorialwaters領(lǐng)海,領(lǐng)水;icefloe冰川;iceberg冰山;shore海岸;bank河岸;estuary湖港區(qū);delta三角洲;mouth河口;current,watercourse水流;stream,brook小溪;torrent湍流山溪;rapids急流;source源頭;spring泉;bed河床;flood洪水;flow泛濫;swelling,freshet河水猛漲,漲水;basin流域;tributary支流;confluent匯合點(diǎn);meander河曲;canal運(yùn)輸河;waterfall,falls,cascade瀑布;cataract大瀑布Ⅱ.話題情景溝通Mark:SoSorie,1.firstly,talkingaboutoceansportsandbeingontheocean(首先,我們來(lái)談?wù)労Ｉ线\(yùn)動(dòng)以及在海上游玩).MaybeyoucouldtalkaboutyouroceanswimmingexperienceinOgasawara.

Sorie:Yeah,Iloveswimming.It’ssopeacefultobethereintheocean.