第一部分必修四Module4Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空，單句訓(xùn)練1．(遼寧高考改編)BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hisson______(graduate)fromcollege.答案：hadgraduated考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：杰克從英國(guó)到家時(shí)，他的兒子已經(jīng)高校畢業(yè)了。bythetime“到……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，假如從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。2．(上海高考改編)Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagues________(amuse)withherstories.答案：amused考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。keep＋sb./sth.＋done，依據(jù)句意，sb.與它后面的動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用amused。3．(2021·棗莊高三檢測(cè)改編)Mikeoftenattemptstoescape________(fine)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.答案：beingfined句意：每當(dāng)邁克違反交通規(guī)章時(shí)，他都會(huì)竭力逃脫被罰款。escapedoingsth.“避開做某事”，Mike與fine之間為規(guī)律上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用escapebeingdone。4．(2021·濟(jì)南外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三檢測(cè)改編)It'simpossibleforallthepeopletogetthejobbecause________ofthemarenotfitforit.答案：allnot與all連用為部分否定，表示“并非全部的……都……”。5．(2021·天津一中高三月考改編)BarackObama,whocameinto________poweronJanuary20,2009,wasawarded________2009NobelPeacePrize.答案：/;eintopower為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“上臺(tái)執(zhí)政，掌權(quán)”；“2009年的諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)”是特指，所以其次個(gè)空應(yīng)用定冠詞。6．(2021·沈陽(yáng)高三模擬改編)Inthecountry,manystudentsatschoolwere________(diagnose)withH1N1flu,butafterbeingtreated,theyallrecovered.答案：diagnosed句意：在那個(gè)國(guó)家，很多在校同學(xué)被診斷出患有甲型H1N1流感，但經(jīng)過(guò)治療，他們都痊愈了。diagnose“診斷”，符合句意。7．(2021·黃岡一中高三月考改編)Suzhou,whichistheplaceIwanttovisitthissummer,isknown________itsbeautifulgardens.答案：for考查介詞搭配。beknownfor...“因……而出名”，符合句意。8．—Whyareyousoupset?—Ithoughtmyideasweregoodbutnobody________meinthemeeting.答案：supported考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：——“你為什么如此不興奮？”——“我覺(jué)得我的方法很好，可是在會(huì)議上沒(méi)有人支持我?！眘upport“支持”，符合句意。9．Oilpriceshaverisenby10percentsincethestartoftheyear,________(reach)arecordUS$100a答案：reaching考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：自今年開頭，油價(jià)已上漲了10%，達(dá)到每桶100美元的紀(jì)錄。由前面的一句話表述的內(nèi)容可知后面為結(jié)果，reaching為現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。10．—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekey__________solvingtheproblemistomeetthedemands________(make)bythecustomers.答案：to；make考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：——“你們是如何處理公司與客戶間的分歧的？”——“解決問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是滿足顧客的要求。”thekeyto中的to為介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞；madebythecustomers為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空，篇章訓(xùn)練閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sandy：Hello,James.Haven'tseenyoufor__1__weeks.James：Oh,hey,Sandy.Ihavebeenstudyingalotformyfinalexam.Sandy：Well,thetermisalmostovernow.Whatareyourplans?James：Well,mypenfriend__2__(come)foravisitthissummer,andwe'dliketogoaroundthecountry.But__3__(travel)isexpensive.Sandy：Haveyouthoughtaboutcamping?James：Camping?Ihaveneverdone__4__.Sandy：Ithinkyou__5__reallylikeit.It'smuch__6__(cheap)thanstayingatahotel.Andbeingclosetonatureisagoodwaytoforgetaboutschoollifefor__7__while.James：Whatagoodidea!Wecanfindaniceplaceandjustcamp__8__Sandy：Well,notexactly.You'reonly__9__(allow)tocampincertainplaces.__10__therearemanynationalparks，stateparksandevenvillagecampgroundsaroundthecountry.James：Soundsgreat!1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.several2.iscoming/will(l)-ing4.that5.will6.cheaper7.a8.where9.allowed10.ButⅢ.閱讀理解AScientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However，oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage.Ascientistwithmanyyears'experience，hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswap_meetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld'sbestareasforbeachcombing(海灘搜尋)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult，thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolf語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer以一種特殊的方式來(lái)爭(zhēng)辯洋流的經(jīng)過(guò)以及他為此付出的努力和取得的成果。1．TheunderlinedphraseswapmeetsinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A．fittingrooms B．tradingfairsC．businesstalks D．groupmeetings答案：B詞義猜想題。依據(jù)下文的“...tryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellandwear.”可知，人們?cè)谂φ页隹梢耘涑梢浑p的鞋用來(lái)出售和穿，由此推斷人們應(yīng)當(dāng)是建了一個(gè)交易市場(chǎng)，故選B項(xiàng)。2．Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout________.A．whatcausedtheshippingaccidentB．whenandwheretheshoeswentmissingC．whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesD．howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段的內(nèi)容可知，Ebbesmeyer打電話的目的是想知道鞋業(yè)公司是否還要那些鞋，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。3．HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A．Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.B．Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.C．Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.D．Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段的“...agroupofseriousbeachcombers...Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.”可知，Ebbesmeyer是通過(guò)爭(zhēng)辯從海灘搜尋人員那里收集到的信息來(lái)證明他的設(shè)想的。4．Ebbesmeyerismostfamousfor________.A．travelingwidelythecoastalcitiesoftheworldB．makingrecordsforanylostobjectsontheseaC．runningaglobalcurrentsresearchassociationD．phoningaboutanydoubtfulobjectsonthesea答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段的“...becomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean...Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.”可知，選項(xiàng)D正確。5．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A．Tocallpeople'sattentiontooceanpollution.B．Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.C．Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.D．Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.答案：C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段是文章主題所在，主要敘述科學(xué)家和人們通過(guò)不同的手段來(lái)爭(zhēng)辯洋流，但海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer通過(guò)一種與眾不同的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行，所以選C項(xiàng)。BBackintheolddays,therewerethreewisemeninancientGreece.Thesethreewisemenwerefromthreedifferentgenerations.Socrateswastheoldestofthethree.Hepassedhisknowledgetohisstudent,Plato,whothenpasseditontoAristotle.Socrates,Plato,andAristotlewereallgreatphilosophers(哲學(xué)家).Together,theirschoolsofthoughthavesincebecomethefoundationofWesternphilosophy.Aristotlewasbornin384B.C.Hisfather,Nicomachus,wasadoctortothekingofMacedonia.Asthesonofadoctor,Aristotlewasnostrangertoscience.Growingup,helearnedquitealotaboutmedicineandbiologyfromhisfather.Later,afterNicomachuspassedaway,hewassenttostudyinPlato'sAcademyinAthens.Aristotlewasabouteighteenyearsoldthen.Plato'sAcademywasEurope'sfirstuniversity.Itofferedcoursesonvarioussubjects.ShortlyafterAristotlebeganhisstudythere,hedevotedhimselftolearningeverythingonthecurriculum.Hesoonprovedhimselfanexcellentstudent.Becauseofhiswiderangeofinterests,Aristodeneverlimitedhisrangeofeducation.Asaresult,hebecametheleadingexpertinmanyfields.Philosophywassimplyoneofthem.AristotlewasintheAcademyfornearly20years.Hefirstjoinedasastudentandthenstayedonasateacher.BythetimethatPlatodiedaround347B.C．，Aristotlehadalreadybuiltupaverygoodnameforhimself.However,hedidnotgetthejobastheheadoftheAcademy.ThatpostwenttoPlato'snephew.SomepeoplebelievedthatAristotlefeltangryatthechoice.Butthereisnoprooftothattheory.Regardlessofwhathehadtrulyfelt,AristotledecidedtoleaveAthens.Soin347B.C．，hequittheAcademyandwenttoworkforHermeias,rulerofAtarneus,inAsiaMinor(today'sTurkey).Aristotlewasnotaloneinthistime.HeandanotherAcademymember,Xenocrates,whowasalsoafamousphilosopher,foundedtheAssusAcademy.Theytaughtthereforseveralyears.DuringhisstayinAtarneus,AristotlewasonverygoodtermswithHermeias.Heevenmarriedtheman'sniece,Pythias.Interestingly,whenAristotlelaterwrotehisfamousbook,Politics,hesaidthattheidealagesformarriagewas37forthehusbandand18forthewife.GiventhatAristotlewas37yearsoldatthetime,itisverylikelythatPythiaswas語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文介紹了古希臘出名哲學(xué)家亞里士多德的生平。6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTaphilosopher?A．Socrates. B．Xenocrates.C．Plato. D．Nicomaehus.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章其次段其次句提到Nicomachus是一名醫(yī)生，依據(jù)第一段第五句和最終一段倒數(shù)第六句可知，其他三人都是哲學(xué)家，故選D。7．What'stherightorderofthefollowingevents?a．Socratespassedhisknowledgetohisstudent,Plato.b．AristotlewassenttoPlato'sAcademy.c．Aristotlewrotehisfamousbook,Politics.d．Aristotlelearnedaboutmedicineandbiologyfromhisfather.e．Platodied.A．a(chǎn)，c，b，d，e B．a(chǎn)，d，b，e，cC．d，a，c，b，e D．h，a，e，c，d答案：B大事排序題。依據(jù)文章所述事情的時(shí)間挨次可知B項(xiàng)正確。8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．AristotlefeltveryangrythathewasnotchosenastheheadoftheAcademy.B．Plato'sAcademywasthefirstuniversityintheworld.C．Aristotleendedupwithahappymarriage.D．Aristotleneverlefthishomelandallhislife.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終三句可知亞里士多德有著幸福美滿的婚姻。A項(xiàng)只是一種說(shuō)法，并未得到證明；B項(xiàng)的“theworld”應(yīng)改為“Europe”；由亞里士多德離開Athens去了AisaMinor可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。9．AccordingtothepassagewecanknowinPlato'sAcademy______.A．studentswereprovidedwithonlyafewsubjectsatthattimeB．AristotleworkedhardbuthewasstillnotfamousC．Aristotledidn'thaveaverygoodtimefor20yearsD．Aristotlewasnotonlyastudentbutalsobecameateacher答案：D綜合推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段其次句可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)文章第三段第六句可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有信息支持；依據(jù)文章第三段第八句中的“Hefirstjoinedasastudentandthenstayedonasateacher.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。10．Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A．someinformationaboutAristotleB．threewisemeninancientGreeceC．thefoundationofWesternphilosophyD．Europe'sfirstuniversity答案：A主旨大意題。文章主要是介紹亞里士多德的一些狀況，因此答案是A項(xiàng)。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Somestudentsthinkadifficultexamisjustlikeachallengebutthatthemoredifficultitis,betteritwillbe.Theysayadifficultexamcanhelpstudentsin