牛津上海版九年級(jí)下Module2RecreationandentertainmentUnit4AllaboutfilmsandTVGrammar單元語法行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語變間接引語引用或轉(zhuǎn)述別人說的話時(shí)有兩種方法：直接引述別人的原話，這叫做直接引語(directspeech)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(indirectspeech)。一般地講，直接引語前后要加引號(hào)，間接引語不用引號(hào)，而用賓語從句來表達(dá)。Mr.Blacksaid,“I'mbusy.”布菜克先生說：“我很忙”。（直接引語）Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.布菜克先生說他很忙。（賓語從句是間接引語）行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)1、

人稱的變化直接引語改為間接引語人稱要相應(yīng)的變化?？谠E如下：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新?！耙浑S主”即把直接引語中的第一人稱(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)變?yōu)榕c主句的主語相一致的人稱?！岸S賓”即把直接引語中的第二人稱(you，your，yours)變?yōu)楹椭骶涞拈g接賓語(即聽話人，如無聽話人，可根據(jù)上下文的體會(huì)人為確定一個(gè)人稱)相一致的人稱?！暗谌朔Q不更新”即直接引語中的第三人稱(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，人稱不變。行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)1、

人稱的變化一隨主：①Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”他說：“我非常喜歡它”?！鶫esaidthathelikeditverymuch.他說他非常喜歡它。(I改為he,it不變)②Theysaid,”ourparentsoftengoshoppingwithus.”→Theysaidtheirparentsoftengoshoppingwiththem.行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)二隨賓:①Hesaid,“Youtoldmethisstory.”他說：“你給我講過這個(gè)故事?！薄鶫esaidthatIhadtoldhimthatstory.他說我給他講過那個(gè)故事。(You改為I,me改為him,told改為hadtold)②ShesaidtoMary,”Howisyourbrothernow?”→SheaskedMaryhowherbrotherwasthen.行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)第三人稱不更新:①Hesaidtome,“She’sleftherbookinyourroom”.他對(duì)我說：“她把書放在你的房間里去了?！盚etoldmethatshehadleftherbookinmyroom.他對(duì)我說她把書放在我的房間里去了。（She’s→shehad，her不變，your→my）②MrWhitesaid,”Handisagoodworker.”→MrWhitesaidHandwasagoodworker.行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要作出相應(yīng)的變化，當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句必須為過去時(shí)的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。即“主過從過，主現(xiàn)從任”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也要變成相應(yīng)的過去式：Can—could；may—might；must—must/hadto行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)(不變)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一般將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來完成時(shí)過去將來完成時(shí)行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)（1）主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)如主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語改為間接引語時(shí),動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化表：①Hesaid,“IusuallywatchTVonSunday.”他說：“我常在星期天看電視”?！鶫esaidthatheusuallywatchedTVonSunday.他說他常在星期天看電視。②Hesaid,“I'musingtheknife.”他說：“我正在用小刀?！薄鶫esaidthathewasusingtheknife.他說他正在用小刀。行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)（2）主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一律不變①Hesays,“Ifinishedthework.”他說：“我做完工作了。”Hesaysthathefinishedthework.他說他做完工作了。②Hewillsay,“Ihavewateredtheflowers.”他會(huì)說：“我己經(jīng)澆花了?！盚ewillsayhehaswateredtheflowers.他會(huì)說他己經(jīng)澆花了。行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是陳述句時(shí)3、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語的相應(yīng)變化

直接引語間接引語指示代詞this/thesethat/those時(shí)間狀語nowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnightthisweek(month…)thatweek(month…)yesterdaythedaybeforelastweek(month…)theweek(month…)beforetwoweeks(month)agotwoweeks(months)beforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek(month…)thenextweek(month…)地點(diǎn)狀語herethere動(dòng)

詞comegobringtake行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是疑問句時(shí)1、直接引語是一般問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，須用連接詞whether或if將其引出，使其成為間接引語的賓語從句。如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為said，則將其改為asked。如果謂語動(dòng)詞后沒有間接賓語，可以加上一個(gè)間接賓語me,him,her,them,us等。①Shesaid,“Isyourfatheranengineer?”她說：“你父親是工程師嗎?”→Sheaskedmewhethermyfatherwasanengineer.②TheteachersaidtoLiMing,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?”老師對(duì)李明說：“你做完作業(yè)了嗎?”→TheteacheraskedLiMingwhetherhehadfinishedhishomework.行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是疑問句時(shí)2、直接引語是特殊問句如果直接引語為特殊疑問句,改為間接引語時(shí)，仍用特殊疑問句中的疑問詞what,where,when,who,howmany作為連接詞將其引出，構(gòu)成間接引語中的賓語從句，但須將疑問式的動(dòng)詞改為陳述式。如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為said，則將其改為asked。巧記：直接去引號(hào)，陳述語序莫忘掉。助動(dòng)do(does)、did，要去掉。①“WhatdoyoudoeverySundaymorning?”myfriendsaidtome.→MyfriendaskedmewhatIdideverySundaymorning.行業(yè)PPT模板http:///hangye/直接引語是祈使句當(dāng)直接引語是祈使句，變間接引語要用”tellsb.(not)todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。Theteachersaidtohermother,”Pleasegivemethebook.”→Theteachertoldhermothertogiveherthebook.巧記：去掉引號(hào)要加to；ask，order須記住，直引若是否定式，not加在to前部。轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時(shí)，要使祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上tell、ask、order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句為否定式，在不定式的前面加not。如果祈使句中有please一詞,改為間接引語時(shí)，就將please去掉。成為：told(asked,ordered,warned)someone(not)todosomething結(jié)構(gòu)。AReportingstatementsWecanreportwhatsomeonehassaidbyusingareportingverbinthepasttense.Weusuallyputtheotherverbsinthestatementsinthepasttensetoo.AReportingstatementsWecanusemanyverbsforreportingthings.Herearesomecommonreportingverbs.●

Weoftenleaveoutthatafterthereportingverbsaid,especiallywhenwearetalking,e.g.,Roddysaid(that)heenjoyedtheGreatWaveattroctionverymuch.●Weoftenneedtochangemy,your,our,etc.,e.g.,Theysaid,'It'sourfavouritelesson.’→Theysaiditwastheirfavouritelesson.●Wedonotchangethetenseifastatementisalwaystrue,e.g.,Heexplained,'Shanghaiishotinsummer.’→HeexplainedthatShanghaiishotinsummer.complain explain mention reply addadmit report whisper shout sayTipsAReportingstatementsRoddymetLilyWu,anactressinHollywood.RoddylaterreportedtoJuliawhatLilysaid.Underlinealltheverbsandthepronounsinthereportedspeech.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.AReportingstatementsRoddyisonthefilmset,listeningtothedirector.Readwhatthedirectorsays.ThencompleteRoddy'sreporttoJulia.AReportingstatementsRoddyisonthefilmset,listeningtothedirector.Readwhatthedirectorsays.ThencompleteRoddy'sreporttoJulia.Thedirectorsaid___________perfect.HeexplainedtoJohn___________towardstheschool.HecomplainedtoSandra___________onme.Thenhesaid___________becauseitlookedtooempty.Later,heshoutedtoMike___________hispicture.Afterthat,hesaid___________thatafternoon.Thenheadded___________thirtyminutesforlunch.Finally,hetoldus___________before4p.m.thatday.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesWereportinstructions,requestsandpromisesinadifferentway.Weusereportingverbsandotherverbsinthetoform.Weusenottofornegativestatements.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesWereportinstructions,requestsandpromisesinadifferentway.Weusereportingverbsandotherverbsinthetoform.Weusenottofornegativestatements.Weusetell,orderandinstructtoreportinstructions.Weuseasktoreportrequests.Weusepromisetoreportpromises.ThedirectorinstructedRoddytoactthepartofastudent.HetoldRoddynottostandoverthere.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesRoddyistellingJuliasomeotherthingsthedirectorsaid.CompleteRoddy'ssentences.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesRoddyistellingJuliasomeotherthingsthedirectorsaid.CompleteRoddy'ssentences.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Thedirectortoldmenottobenervous.Hepromised_________________.Thenheorderedthehairdresser_________________HetoldSandra_________________WhenIwasready,heinstructedme_________________,Heaskedme_________________whenthetwocarscrashed.Hetoldme_________________.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesJuliaisphoningherparents.SheistellingthemaboutRoddy.Completeherwords,usingsuitablereportingverbsandpronouns.BReportinginstructions,requestsandpromisesJuliaisphoningherparents.SheistellingthemaboutRoddy.Completeherwords,usingsuitablereportingverbsandpronouns.He_________________Hethen__________________He______________He___________________,andhe_________________later.