2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省慈溪市高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題及答案第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話、每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whathappenedtothemanrecently?A.Hewassicklastmonth.B.Hejustrecoveredfromaninjury.C.Heknockedsomeonewhendriving.2.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestionfortheman?A.Toloseweight.B.Tostopdoingexercise.C.Tohaveabalanceddiet.3.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takehiscellphonewithhim.B.Takeaphotoofhisshoppinglist.C.Remembertotakehisshoppinglist.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Guestandwaitress.C.Salespersonandcustomer.5.Whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessor?A.Toaskforanextension.B.Totalkaboutrecentstudies.C.Tocheckthedeadline.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhenwillProfessorSmithretire?A.NextApril.B.NextAugust.C.NextDecember.7.WhatwillProfessorSmithtalkaboutinhislectures?A.Plantingflowers.B.Paintingbuildings.C.TraditionalChinesebuildings.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhereistheBiologyTeachingBuilding?A.Inthenortheastcorner.B.Inthenorthwestcomer.C.Inthesouthofthecampus.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’smap?A.Itisbroken.B.Itisanoldone.C.Itisnotclearenough.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Followthesigns.B.Buyanewmap.C.Asksomeoneelse.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthemanplantogototheshoppingcenter?A.Tobuysometissue.B.TomeetLinda.C.Tobuyhimselfsneakers.12.Whydoesthemanmentionhismathexam?A.Togetwhathewants.B.Toshowhistalentinmath.C.Toencouragehimself.13.Whenwillthemothermostlikelybeavailabletomorrowafternoon?A.At3:30.B.At5:30.C.At4:00.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.AnimalsandplantsinAustralia.B.Achallengingcourseatschool.C.Aplanforsummervacation.15.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutdiving?A.Challenging.B.Awesome.C.Easy.16.Whatdoesthewomanrecommendthemantodo?A.Gotoagymmoreoften.B.Learnswimmingfromher.C.Askforprofessionaladvice.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisstainedglassmainlyusedfor?A.Buildingschoolbuildings.B.Decoratingarchitecture.C.Makinghomebright.18.Whatcanpeopledotoappreciatethetruebeautyofstainedglass?A.Cutitintopieces.B.Seeitunderthesunlight.C.Addmetaltotheglass.19.Howmanywaysofmakingpaintedglassarementionedinthelecture?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.20.Whyisleadidealforholdingglasspiecestogether?A.It’slightandflexible.B.It’sstrongandheavy.C.It’sflexibleandstrong.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAreyouinterestedinrobot-science?Whatdoyouthinkrobotsarecapableof?Let’shaveareviewofworld-leadingtechnologygatheredattheWorldRobotConference(WRC)2022.TechnologyinagricultureAfruit-pickingrobotattractedvisitors’attention.WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.Therobotfirstlocatesthefruitandthenusessensorstodecidewhetheritisripe,witharoboticarmpickingthefruitgently.Thefruitisthencategorized,endingupinabasketaccordingtoitssize.Itissaidthatmorerobotictechnologywillbeusedinagricultureinthefuture,includingrobotsfordailyinspectionandweeding.RobotsfightingCovid-19Medicalstaffconductingnucleicacidtestsoftenfindtheirworktoilsome,especiallyunderthesummerheat.AnucleicacidtestrobotdevelopedbyTsinghuaUniversityandaChinesebiotechcompanywaspresentedattheWRC.Itlookslikeavendingmachine,buttherobotcancollectthroatswabs(拭子),processsamples,aswellasproduceanduploadtheresultswithin45minutes.Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.InventionsoftheyouthThosevisitingtheexhibitalsowitnessedtheintelligenceofanewgeneration.WangZirun,ajuniorstudentattheschool,designedathree-dimensionalparkingfacilitymodel.Sincethereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang’sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.1.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Atechnologytextbook.C.Asciencemagazine.D.Aproductadvertisement.2.Whyistheparkingfacilitydesignedlikeaskywheel?A.Tosavebuildingmaterials.B.Topreventcarsfrombeingstolen.C.Toincreasegroundparkingspaces.D.Tomakethemostoflimitedspace.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Boththefruit-pickingrobotandthenucleicacidtestrobotcansavemanpower.B.TheWRCisintendedtoinspiretheintelligenceofayounggeneration.C.Alltheinventionsmentionedhavebeenputintopracticaluse.D.Humancanbereplacedbytherobotinthefuture.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要回顧了2022年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)的有代表性的機(jī)器人展品：采摘機(jī)器人，核算機(jī)器人和摩天輪停車(chē)位?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首段內(nèi)容“Areyouinterestedinrobot-science?Whatdoyouthinkrobotsarecapableof?Let’shaveareviewofworld-leadingtechnologygatheredattheWorldRobotConference(WRC)2022.(你對(duì)機(jī)器人科學(xué)感興趣嗎?你認(rèn)為機(jī)器人能做什么?讓我們來(lái)回顧一下在2022年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上聚集的世界領(lǐng)先技術(shù)。)”可知，文章主要回顧了2022年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)的有代表性的機(jī)器人展品，屬于科技范疇。由此可推知，文章來(lái)自科學(xué)雜志。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Inventionsoftheyouth”部分內(nèi)容“Sincethereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang’sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.(由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車(chē)位通常太少，王的工作旨在將更多的汽車(chē)安置在現(xiàn)有的停車(chē)位上。該設(shè)施就像一個(gè)空中摩天輪，有六個(gè)停車(chē)位。當(dāng)需要取車(chē)時(shí)，該設(shè)備會(huì)穩(wěn)定旋轉(zhuǎn)，將汽車(chē)放置在地面上。)”可知，老舊城區(qū)的停車(chē)位太少，而這個(gè)像摩天輪一樣的停車(chē)設(shè)施有六個(gè)停車(chē)位，可以要將六輛車(chē)安置在一個(gè)“停車(chē)位”上，以最大利用有限的空間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Technologyinagriculture”部分內(nèi)容“WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.(在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來(lái)收集水果)”可知，采摘機(jī)器人可以在傳感器和人工智能的幫助下獨(dú)立采摘水果，不需要人力采摘。文章“RobotsfightingCovid-19”部分內(nèi)容“Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.(整個(gè)過(guò)程不需要人類(lèi)或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與)”可知，核酸機(jī)器人的使用過(guò)程中不需要人類(lèi)或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與。因此可推知，這兩種機(jī)器人的使用都可以節(jié)省人力。故選A項(xiàng)。BTheChineseteam’sOlympicfreestyleskiingchampionGuAiling(EileenGu)announcedattheTIME100SummitthatshewillserveasanambassadorfortheUSbidtohostthe2030or2034WinterOlympicsinSaltLakeCity,Utah,amovewelcomedbymanyChinesenetizens,whosaidthisisnotonlyanotherdemonstrationofworld-classathletesfromChinesedelegation(代表團(tuán)),butalsoanewstepforGutopromotethesportsheloves,asshealwayssaidshewantedtodo.Gu,18,anAmerican-bornathlete,representedChinaatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics,whereshebecamethefirstextremesportsathletetowinthreemedals-rankingfirstintwoevents-atasingleOlympicGamesearlierthisyear.ShewashonoredasoneoftheTimemagazine’s100mostinfluentialpeopleof2022.“Ithinkthat’sthisbeautifulexampleofglobalismandofthecapacitythatwecanuseskiingandwecanusesportandwecanusewintersportstoconnectpeople,”shetoldTIMEseniorsportscorrespondentSeanGregoryinNewYorkCityatthesummit.“SaltLakespecificallywantstobecomeaglobaldestinationforathleteseverywheretocometrain,andtheywanttoinclude15newcountriesintotheWinterOlympics.Ithinkthat’ssomethingthat’sreallybeautifulandI’vealwaysstoodforthatandsoI’mreallyhonoredtobeapartofthewholething.”Gusaid.AskedwhethershehadsecondthoughtsaboutherdecisiontorepresentChinaintheOlympics,Gusaidnotatall.“No,Ineverregret.”shesaid,“Sportsareasharedexperiencetranscendinggender,age,racebackgroundandculture.”Guadded.ThenewsaboutGutriggeredheateddiscussiononChina’sTwitter-likeSinaWeibowiththehashtagbeingviewedmorethan150milliontimeswithinafewhours,“ItisjustanotherexampleofanathletefromtheChinesedelegationbecominganambassadorforaforeigncountry’sbidtohosttheOlympicGames,anditisanotherdemonstrationoftheinfluencetheseworldclassathleteshave.”manynetizenscommentedastheysentwarmcongratulationstoGu.“Awesome!Shedidwhatshesaidshewoulddo:promoteskiingaroundtheworld!”saidanother.4.WhatachievementdidGuAilingmakeasanathlete?A.Shehaspromotedthewintersportsaroundtheworld.B.SheisoneoftheTimemagazine’s100mostinfluentialpeopleof2022.C.Shewontwogoldmedalsatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.D.ShewasthefirstpeopletowinthreemedalsatasingleOlympics.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“triggered”meaninParagraph4?A.Setoff. B.Broughtup. C.Gotthrough. D.Gaveout.6.WhatCANNOTbeinferredfromthewholepassage?A.ManyChinesenetizensthinkpositivelyofGu’sannouncement.B.SaltLakeCityisgoingtohostthe2030orthe2034WinterOlympics.C.Ifgivenasecondchance,GuwouldstillchooserepresentChineseOlympicdelegation.D.Guisn’tthefirstChineseathletetobecomeanambassadorforaforeigncountry’sbid.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.GuAilingmakesgreatachievementsatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.B.GuAlingbecomesanambassadorfortheUStobidfortheWinterOlympics.C.GuAilingsparesnoeffortstopromoteskiingaroundtheworld.D.GuAilingattendedtheTIME100SummitinNewYorkCity.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了谷愛(ài)凌在《時(shí)代》雜志100期峰會(huì)上宣布她將擔(dān)任美國(guó)申辦猶他州鹽湖城2030年或2034年冬奧會(huì)的大使?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Gu,18,anAmerican-bornathlete,representedChinaatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics,whereshebecamethefirstextremesportsathletetowinthreemedals-rankingfirstintwoevents-atasingleOlympicGamesearlierthisyear.(18歲的谷是一名出生于美國(guó)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，她代表中國(guó)參加了2022年北京冬奧會(huì)。今年早些時(shí)候，她成為首位在一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得三枚獎(jiǎng)牌的極限運(yùn)動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，在兩項(xiàng)比賽中排名第一)”可知，谷愛(ài)凌在2022年北京冬奧會(huì)上獲得了兩枚金牌。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“SinaWeibowiththehashtagbeingviewedmorethan150milliontimeswithinafewhours(在新浪微博上，幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)該話題的閱讀量就超過(guò)了1.5億次)”可知，谷愛(ài)凌將擔(dān)任美國(guó)申辦猶他州鹽湖城2030年或2034年冬奧會(huì)的大使的新聞引起了廣泛關(guān)注，所以triggered意為“引起”之意，和A項(xiàng)“Setoff(激起)”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheChineseteam’sOlympicfreestyleskiingchampionGuAiling(EileenGu)announcedattheTIME100SummitthatshewillserveasanambassadorfortheUSbidtohostthe2030or2034WinterOlympicsinSaltLakeCity,Utah,amovewelcomedbymanyChinesenetizens(中國(guó)隊(duì)自由式滑雪奧運(yùn)冠軍谷愛(ài)凌（EileenGu）在《時(shí)代》雜志100期峰會(huì)上宣布，她將擔(dān)任美國(guó)申辦猶他州鹽湖城2030年或2034年冬奧會(huì)的大使，此舉受到許多中國(guó)網(wǎng)友的歡迎)”可知，此處是申辦冬奧會(huì)，而不是舉辦，所以B項(xiàng)“SaltLakeCityisgoingtohostthe2030orthe2034WinterOlympics.(鹽湖城將舉辦2030年或2034年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì))”不能推斷出來(lái)。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheChineseteam’sOlympicfreestyleskiingchampionGuAiling(EileenGu)announcedattheTIME100SummitthatshewillserveasanambassadorfortheUSbidtohostthe2030or2034WinterOlympicsinSaltLakeCity,Utah,amovewelcomedbymanyChinesenetizens(中國(guó)隊(duì)自由式滑雪奧運(yùn)冠軍谷愛(ài)凌（EileenGu）在《時(shí)代》雜志100期峰會(huì)上宣布，她將擔(dān)任美國(guó)申辦猶他州鹽湖城2030年或2034年冬奧會(huì)的大使，此舉受到許多中國(guó)網(wǎng)友的歡迎)”可知，本文主要講述了谷愛(ài)凌成為美國(guó)申辦冬奧會(huì)大使。故選B項(xiàng)。CHumansevolvedfromapes.Thisiswhatwelearnedinbiologyclass.Butwhatcamebeforeapes?Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.AccordingtofourarticlespublishedinthejournalNatureinlateSeptember,Chineseresearchersfoundfishfossilsthatprovidethe"missinglink"abouttheoriginofthejaw,akeytraitthat99.8percentofvertebratespecies(脊椎動(dòng)物)have.ItisthefirsttimeforChinatopublishmanystudiesbyoneresearchteaminasingleissueoftheprestigiousjournal,whichstandsasademonstrationtotheimportanceofthefindingsandforChina’sglobalrecognitionasapowerhouseinpaleontology(古生物學(xué)),expertssaid.ZhuMin,aleadresearcherofthestudiesfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDailythatthefindingsdrewalargeamountofinterestinthescienceworldduetotheimportanceofjawsinanimalevolution.However,theriseofthejawhadbeenamysteryduetoalackofsufficientfossilevidencetosupportthatjawedvertebrateslived450millionyearsago.ThelatestfindingsmadebyZhu’steampresentedasetoffivesurprisinglywell-preservedfishfossilsthatincludedthreewhole-bodiedfish,helpingscientistspaintamoreaccurateevolutionarypictureoftheoriginofthejaw.ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChonggingandGuizhou,whosestrata(地層)candatebacktotheSilurianPeriod(志留紀(jì))thatbeganaround440millionyearsago.Thesefossilsshowthatjawedfishwerealreadythrivingintheworld’sancientoceansatthattime.Lateron,morediverseandlargerjawedfishevolvedandbegantospreadaroundtheworld,pavingthewayforsomefishtoeventuallygoonlandandevolveintootheranimals-includinghumans.“Thesefossilsprovideanunprecedentedopportunitytopeckintothe‘dawnoffish’andhelpscientiststracemanyhumanbodystructuresbacktotheseancientfish,thusfillingsomekeygapsintheevolutionaryhistoryofhowfishevolvedintohumans.”Zhusaid.8.Whatisthesignificanceofthenewlydiscoveredfossils?A.Theygavenewcluestotheoriginsoffish.B.Theyareanewlydiscoveredspeciesofjawedfish.C.Theyprovidednewevidenceonhumanevolution.D.Theydefinedthetimevertebratespeciesappeared.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefishfossilsfoundbyZhu’steam?A.TheywerediscoveredinChongqing.B.Theyincludefivewhole-bodiedancientfish.C.TheycanbetracedbacktotheSilurianPeriod.D.Theyprovedfishweretheearliestvertebratespecies.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefinding?A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Supportive. D.Ambiguous.11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Fishfossilsmayrewriteevolutionaryhistory.B.Chineseresearchersmadegreatfindings.C.Astudyonjawsinanimalevolution.D.What’sourancestor,fishorapes?【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了中國(guó)研究人員在重慶和貴州發(fā)現(xiàn)魚(yú)化石及其對(duì)人類(lèi)進(jìn)化研究的重要作用。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.(中國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了化石，這些化石可能豐富了人類(lèi)如何從魚(yú)類(lèi)進(jìn)化而來(lái)的進(jìn)化故事。)”和第二段“AccordingtofourarticlespublishedinthejournalNatureinlateSeptember,Chineseresearchersfoundfishfossilsthatprovidethe"missinglink"abouttheoriginofthejaw,akeytraitthat99.8percentofvertebratespecieshave.(根據(jù)9月下旬發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的四篇文章，中國(guó)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了魚(yú)類(lèi)化石，為頜骨起源提供了“缺失的一環(huán)”，這是99.8%的脊椎動(dòng)物物種都具有的關(guān)鍵特征。)”可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石為進(jìn)一步研究人類(lèi)的進(jìn)化提供了證據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChonggingandGuizhou,whosestratacandatebacktotheSilurianPeriodthatbeganaround440millionyearsago.(魚(yú)類(lèi)化石是在重慶和貴州的兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，那里的地層可以追溯到大約4.4億年前開(kāi)始的志留紀(jì)。)”可知這些魚(yú)類(lèi)化石可以追溯到志留紀(jì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者在客觀陳述中國(guó)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)魚(yú)化石的意義，并沒(méi)有慘雜個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，所以作者對(duì)于魚(yú)化石的發(fā)現(xiàn)持客觀態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Humansevolvedfromapes.Thisiswhatwelearnedinbiologyclass.Butwhatcamebeforeapes?Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.(人類(lèi)由類(lèi)人猿進(jìn)化而來(lái)。這是我們?cè)谏镎n上學(xué)到的。但是在猿類(lèi)出現(xiàn)之前是什么呢?中國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了化石，這些化石可能豐富了人類(lèi)如何從魚(yú)類(lèi)進(jìn)化而來(lái)的進(jìn)化故事。)”，可知文章的主題是魚(yú)化石的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)研究人類(lèi)進(jìn)化的作用。所以A項(xiàng)“Fishfossilsmayrewriteevolutionaryhistory.(魚(yú)類(lèi)化石可能改寫(xiě)進(jìn)化史。)”作為標(biāo)題可以概括整篇文章的主旨。故選A項(xiàng)。DFromcowboyhatsandcattletobarbecueandfootball,Texasisknownformanythings.OnethingtheLoneStarStateisnotknownfor,however,iswinterweather.ThatchangedinFebruarylastyear,whenwinterstormburiedTexasiniceandsnow.Itragedforatotalofeightdays,23hours,and23minutes,whichwasoneofthemostimpactfulwintereventsinrecenthistory.AccordingtoTexasTVstationwinterstormLandonwassoextremethatitcausedtreesacrossnorthTexasto“explode”,fillinglocalcommunitieswithboomsthatsoundedmorelikegunshotsthantreebranches.Thephenomenonof“explodingtrees”isn’tasunusualorasterrifyingasitsounds,accordingtoJanet,whosaystreesoftenfreezeandburstasaresultofrapidtemperatureshifts.“Ourwidetemperatureswingsmeanthattreesmaynotbecompletelydormant(休眠的)orpreparedforthecold,”Janetsaid.“Treeshaveseveralmechanismstheyusetopreventfreezing.Theytakecuestogetadaptedandreadyforthefreeze.”Intreesthataren’tcompletelyinactive,coldweathercausestreesaptofreeze.Whenthathappens,thesapexpandsbeyondwhatthetree’sbarkcancontain.Andso,thetreesplitsinplacesthatcan’tcopewiththepressure,creatingcracksknownas“frostcracks”.Althoughtreesdonotactuallyexplodeintopieceswhenfrostcrackshappen,theremaybeloudnoisesandvisiblefractures(折斷),andheavybranchescanfalltotheground.“Treesexplodeincoldweatherbecausethewatercontentinthecellsandtissuesfreezes,”MacKenziesaid.“Frommidwintertoearlyspringthiscanoccurwhenthetemperatureswings,snowmeltsandwarmsun,coldnightsworkinharmony.Itisusuallynothingtobetooconcernedabout;thetreewillstarttohealjustasquickly.Ihavebeenawakenedmanycoldwinternightshearingthetreesexplode.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”referto?A.TexasisrelatedtoAmericanfootball.B.Texasislittleknownforitswinterweather.CTexasisasuitableplaceforraisingcattle.D.Texashasafamoushistoryofcowboys.13.WhatdoesJanetthinkcausesthetreestoexplode?A.Theoccurrenceofthewinterstorm.B.Thefragiletreebranchesinwinter.C.Thesuddenchangeoftemperatures.D.Thetrees’preparationforthecold.14.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theeffectofcoldweatheronplants.B.Waystohelptreespreventfreezing.C.Theroleofsapinwinter.D.Thereasonwhytreesexplode.15.WhatdoesMacKenzieimplyinhiswords?A.Treeexplosionisanaturalphenomenon.B.Meltingsnowcanleadtotreeexplosion.C.Treesmayexplodeeveninwarmnights.D.Peopleshouldbecarefulaboutexplodingtrees.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要分析了冬季風(fēng)暴導(dǎo)致德克薩斯州北部的樹(shù)木“爆炸”這一現(xiàn)象?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線詞That是指示代詞，往往指代前文內(nèi)容，所以線索指向第一段。由第一段“Fromcowboyhatsandcattletobarbecueandfootball,Texasisknownformanythings.OnethingtheLoneStarStateisnotknownfor,however,iswinterweather.(從牛仔帽和牛到燒烤和足球，得克薩斯州以很多東西聞名。然而，孤星州有一件事并不為人所知，那就是冬天的天氣)”關(guān)鍵詞however可知，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容是重點(diǎn)，所以此處that指代在孤星州，并不是所有人都知道冬天的天氣。故答案為B。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thephenomenonof“explodingtrees”isn’tasunusualorasterrifyingasitsounds,accordingtoJanet,whosaystreesoftenfreezeandburstasaresultofrapidtemperatureshifts.(Janet認(rèn)為“樹(shù)木爆炸”的現(xiàn)象并不像聽(tīng)起來(lái)那么不尋常或可怕，她說(shuō)，由于氣溫的快速變化，樹(shù)木經(jīng)常會(huì)結(jié)冰和爆裂)”可知，Janet認(rèn)為是由于天氣的快速變化導(dǎo)致樹(shù)木爆炸。故答案為C?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Intreesthataren’tcompletelyinactive,coldweathercausestreesaptofreeze.Whenthathappens,thesapexpandsbeyondwhatthetree’sbarkcancontain.Andso,thetreesplitsinplacesthatcan’tcopewiththepressure,creatingcracksknownas“frostcracks”.Althoughtreesdonotactuallyexplodeintopieceswhenfrostcrackshappen,theremaybeloudnoisesandvisiblefractures(折斷)，andheavybranchescanfalltotheground.(在那些不是完全不活躍的樹(shù)木中，寒冷的天氣會(huì)導(dǎo)致樹(shù)液凍結(jié)。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，樹(shù)液會(huì)膨脹到超出樹(shù)皮所能容納的范圍。因此，樹(shù)木在無(wú)法承受壓力的地方裂開(kāi)，形成了被稱為“霜裂縫”的裂縫。雖然霜裂發(fā)生時(shí)樹(shù)木不會(huì)爆炸成碎片，但可能會(huì)有很大的噪音和可見(jiàn)的裂縫(折斷)，沉重的樹(shù)枝可能會(huì)掉落到地上)”可知，本段詳細(xì)描述了為什么天氣的急劇變化會(huì)導(dǎo)致樹(shù)木爆炸，所以D選項(xiàng)“樹(shù)木爆炸的原因”貼合本段主旨。故答案為D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Frommidwintertoearlyspringthiscanoccurwhenthetemperatureswings,snowmeltsandwarmsun,coldnightsworkinharmony.(從仲冬到初春，氣溫波動(dòng)，積雪融化，溫暖的太陽(yáng)和寒冷的夜晚和諧相處，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況)”和“Itisusuallynothingtobetooconcernedabout;thetreewillstarttohealjustasquickly.(這通常沒(méi)什么好擔(dān)心的；這棵樹(shù)很快就會(huì)開(kāi)始愈合)”可推測(cè)出MacKenzie認(rèn)為樹(shù)木爆炸是一種常見(jiàn)的自然現(xiàn)象，沒(méi)有什么好擔(dān)心的，所以A選項(xiàng)“樹(shù)木爆炸是一種自然現(xiàn)象”符合題意。故答案為A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Justlikeallgoodthings,allgreattelevisionshows,too,mustcometoanend.WeallhavethosepangsofstressaroundthelastfewepisodesofourcurrentfavoriteTVshow,aboutthejunctionwheretherewillbeno“NextEpisode”buttontoclick.___16___Fromjoiningonlinecommunitiestofindingsimilarcontent,hereareallthewaysinwhichyoucankeeppost-bingewithdrawalsatbay.WatchalltheaccompanyingcontentaroundtheshowWe’retalkingaboutinterviews,behind-the-screens,castreunions,memesandmore.___17___Ifyou’rewillingtodigalittledeeper,therearehighchancesyouwillstumbleacrossrelatedcontentthatfulfillsyouinthesamewaythattheshowdid.Thismayalsohelpspanyourbrainwiththeshowtillitcantakenomore,eventuallycausingyoutowillinglystepawayfromyourscreen.JoinanappropriatecommunityAnyonewho’sdealtwithpost-seriesblueswillknowthedesireofdiscussingyourobsessionwithyourfriends.___18___Idoesn’tmatterifyourinterestsaremainstreamorniche.Theseplatformswillindulgeyouwiththeories,interpretations,reviews,andmemesfornearlyallkindsofgenres.___19___Sometimes,it’sthecharactersofashowthatyougetattachedto.Watchingyourfavoriteactorsindifferentcontextscangiveyouthereassurancethatthere’sanoceanofarrestingcontentouttherethatawaitsyou.Keepthelegacyalive.Getyourfriendsandfamilytowatchthatshowyou’reobsessingover.___20___Notonlyhaveyounowrecruited(征募，動(dòng)員)companionstorelateyouremotionaljourney,butyou’vealsosuccessfullycontributedtothelegacyofthisdeservingshow.A.Thedigitalworldisendless.B.Watchshowsandmoviesofthesamecast.C.Sometimescontentisappealingtoyoutoomuch.D.Enterdigitalplatformsforpeoplewithsimilarinterests.E.Youwillbeextremelyhappyiftheysharethesameinterests.F.Luckilythereismorethanonewaytocopewiththeproblem.G.Ifthey’reanythinglikeyou,chancesarethatthey’llthankyouforit.【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者就看電視節(jié)目最后幾集那種壓力重重的感覺(jué)提出了建議?！?6題詳解】上文“WeallhavethosepangsofstressaroundthelastfewepisodesofourcurrentfavoriteTVshow,aboutthejunctionwheretherewillbeno“NextEpisode”buttontoclick.（在我們最喜歡的電視節(jié)目的最后幾集，我們都會(huì)感到壓力重重，在那里，沒(méi)有“下一集”按鈕可以點(diǎn)擊。）”指出看電視時(shí)觀眾面臨的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。下文“Fromjoiningonlinecommunitiestofindingsimilarcontent,hereareallthewaysinwhichyoucankeeppost-bingewithdrawalsatbay.（從加入在線社區(qū)到找到類(lèi)似的內(nèi)容，這里有所有可以阻止狂歡后取款的方法。）”則指出了應(yīng)對(duì)問(wèn)題的措施。選項(xiàng)F“Luckily,thereismorethanonewaytocopewiththeproblem.（幸運(yùn)的是，解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法不止一種。）”與上文的“問(wèn)題”和下文的“措施”均有關(guān)聯(lián)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“We’retalkingaboutinterviews,behind-the-screens,castreunions,memesandmore.（我們?cè)谡務(wù)摬稍L、幕后、演員重聚、模因等等。）”指出與電視節(jié)目相關(guān)的內(nèi)容有許許多多種。選項(xiàng)A“Thedigitalworldisendless.（數(shù)字世界是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的。）”與上文的“多種問(wèn)題”，邏輯一致，也暗指與電視節(jié)目相關(guān)的周邊內(nèi)容無(wú)窮無(wú)盡，數(shù)不勝數(shù)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文小標(biāo)題“Joinanappropriatecommunity（加入適當(dāng)?shù)纳鐣?huì)團(tuán)體）”這一段建議讀者加入適當(dāng)?shù)纳鐣?huì)團(tuán)體。選項(xiàng)D“Enterdigitalplatformsforpeoplewithsimilarinterests.（進(jìn)入為有類(lèi)似興趣的人提供的數(shù)字平臺(tái)。）”建議讀者加入數(shù)字平臺(tái)，是社會(huì)團(tuán)體的一種，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Sometimes,it’sthecharactersofashowthatyougetattachedto.Watchingyourfavoriteactorsindifferentcontextscangiveyouthereassurancethatthere’sanoceanofarrestingcontentouttherethatawaitsyou.（有時(shí)候，你喜歡的是劇中的人物。在不同的環(huán)境中觀看你最喜歡的演員可以讓你確信，有一片引人注目的內(nèi)容在等著你。）”告訴讀者之所以喜歡電視節(jié)目的原因是因?yàn)橄矚g其中的演員，所以要去看相關(guān)演員的其他節(jié)目和電影。選項(xiàng)B“Watchshowsandmoviesofthesamecast.（看同陣容演員演出的節(jié)目或者電影。）”與下文內(nèi)容關(guān)系密切，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Getyourfriendsandfamilytowatchthatshowyou’reobsessingover.（讓你的朋友和家人觀看你癡迷的節(jié)目。）”建議讀者邀請(qǐng)家人朋友觀看自己喜歡的電視節(jié)目。選項(xiàng)G“Ifthey’reanythinglikeyou,chancesarethatthey’llthankyouforit.（如果他們和你一樣，他們很可能會(huì)為此感謝你。）”指出的“他們”即上文提到的家人朋友，故與上文關(guān)聯(lián)密切，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A,B,C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThecircleoflifewasonlivedisplaywiththehelpofsomelittlechildrenandyoungturtlesintheAmericanstateofNewJersey.Theturtleshadbeenfoundaseggsinthebodiesoftheirmothers,all___21___bycarstravellingthroughtheanimal’shabitat.The___22___waspartofaprogramthathassavedthousandsofturtlesandhasreturnedthemtothewildoverthepast25years.Theturtleswereeitherraisedfromeggsorwere___23___fromroadsorotherdangerousplaces.“It’sagreatcommunity___24___,”saidLisaFergusonwhoisthedirectorofresearchandconservationattheWetlandsInstitute.Whyareturtles___25___indanger?Becauseturtlescomeoutofthewetlandsontodrylandto___26___theireggs.Intheopenarea,theyare___27___byotheranimals.But,theevengreater___28___iscars.WetlandsInstitute___29___theinjuredturtlesandalsocollectseggsfromthoseaccidentallylosingtheirlivesontheroad.Thentheinstitute____30____eggsandlooksafteryoungturtlesinthefirstyearoftheirlives.Whentheyhave____31____enough,theyarereleasedintothewetlands.Kindergartnersfromschoolnearbygettoknowthemfromtheirstartintheir____32____.Theyoungstudents____33____eachturtleanddrawpicturesofthem.Theyraisemoneyforturtlecarethroughdifferentactivities.Thenitcomestimetosetthebelovedturtlesfreetoseektheirfuturewherethey____34____.Somechildrenquicklyandhappilypickeduptheturtlesandtookthemtothewater.Buteverychildseemedverypleasedastheturtles____35____intothewater.21.A.observed B.carried C.saved D.killed22.A.release B.delivery C.protection D.return23.A.kept B.rescued C.recycled D.sheltered24.A.honor B.activity C.connection D.culture25.A.exactly B.directly C.partly D.easily26.A.count B.store C.lay D.seek27.A.hunted B.conquered C.discovered D.caught28.A.danger B.effect C.threat D.harm29.A.careabout B.caresfor C.lookfor D.lookinto30.A.keeps B.hatches C.studies D.attends31.A.grown B.recovered C.rested D.accumulated32.A.sea B.home C.shells D.childhood33.A.love B.admire C.accompany D.name34.A.go B.expect C.originate D.belong35.A.madetheirway B.felttheirway C.losttheirway D.clearedtheirway【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.C29.B30.B31.A32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了一個(gè)水龜放生活動(dòng)。在新澤西的沼澤地，水龜在產(chǎn)卵和孵化的過(guò)程中極易處于危險(xiǎn)中，行駛的車(chē)輛，其他動(dòng)物都會(huì)對(duì)它們?cè)斐赏{。為此，濕地研究所組織了這個(gè)水龜救助和放生活動(dòng)，加上孩子的參與，讓這個(gè)放生活動(dòng)更加具有社區(qū)聯(lián)誼性?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些水龜是在它們母親的尸體里發(fā)現(xiàn)的，都是被經(jīng)過(guò)它們棲息地的汽車(chē)撞死的。A.observed觀察，遵守，慶祝；B.carried攜帶，搬運(yùn)；C.saved解救，儲(chǔ)蓄；D.killed殺害。根據(jù)前文語(yǔ)境“Theturtleshadbeenfoundaseggsinthebodiesoftheirmothers(這些水龜是在它們母親的體內(nèi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的)”可推知，“all”應(yīng)是指代水龜媽媽?zhuān)鼈冊(cè)谇巴碌暗穆吠局斜粊?lái)往的車(chē)輛撞死了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次放生是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一部分，該項(xiàng)目在過(guò)去25年里拯救了數(shù)千只水龜，并將它們放歸野外。A.release釋放，緩解；B.delivery傳送，分娩；C.protection保護(hù)；D.return返回。與后文“Whentheyhave___11___enough,theyarereleasedintothewetlands.(當(dāng)它們長(zhǎng)得足夠大時(shí)，就會(huì)被釋放到濕地中。)”中動(dòng)詞“released”相呼應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)