上海2018-2022中考真題分類訓練之完型填空完型填空(選擇最恰當?shù)倪x項完成短文，共5篇，每篇6小題，每題2分，總計60分)篇一(2018年上海真題)ChinsMobille4G16:7443%Teachingmaterialdiscussiongroup(15)Hi!I'mdoingasurveyamteachingmaterialsinschool.Whatkindoftextbooksdoyouuse?Doyouthinktheuseg∫photocopied(復印的)netbooksandnewspaperarticlesintheclassroomcanbeaccepted?Pleasegiveyour_____75.Theuseofsuchmaterialsiscertainlynot____76forwriters.Textbooksarelikeothercreativeworks.Manypeoplehavetoputtheireffortsinthewritingofabook.Theeffortsofthewritersandpublisherswillbetotallywastedifeveryonephotocopiestheirtextbooks.Ican’timaginethat!Idon'tthinkitrighttousephotocopiedmaterialsevenintheclassroombecauseit'sagainstthelaw.Teachersshouldsetagoodexamplefortheirstudentsby______77thelaw.Copiedbooksareasgoodascopyrighted(正版的)ones,buttheydon't_____78much,usuallylessthanhalftheprice.Inaddition,itisso_____79tousecopiedmaterials.Whenwewanttosharesomethinggoodwejusthaveitphotocopied.IthinkphotocopyingisOKbecausepublishersarestillmakingalotofmoneyanyway.Mostofthetime,teachersmakesuretheirstudentsdonotusephotocopiedmaterials.ButIknowsometeachersdousephotocopiednewspaperarticlessometimes,astheirstudentsareeagertolearnmoretowidentheirviews.Asyouknow,teachersalwaysputthe_____80ofstudentsaboveanythingelse.Afterall,youcan'texpectallthestudentstobuynewspapersWow!Thankyouforsharingsomanyideas!1.A.thanksB.lessons C.excuses D.opinions2.A.easyB.fairC.commonD.traditional3.A.changingB.explainingC.respectingD.making4.A.saveB.affectC.offerD.cost5.A.convenientB.strangeC.excitingD.difficult6.A.actionsB.needsC.recordsD.attitudes【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D5.A6.B【解析】1．

根據(jù)上文，我正在doingasurvey，所以請給出你的opinions，故選D。2．根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容（Theeffortsofthewritersandpublisherswillbetotally

wastedifeveryonephotocopiestheirtextbooks.Ican’timaginethat!）可知，發(fā)言者認為使用復印網(wǎng)絡(luò)書對作者來說是不公平的，故選B。3.老師應(yīng)該尊重法律，以此來為學生樹立好的榜樣，故選C。4.

根據(jù)下文（usuallylessthanhalftheprice）可知復印書成本很低，故選C。5.

根據(jù)下文（Whenwewanttosharesomethinggood

wejusthaveitphotocopied.）可知，發(fā)言者認為復印資料很便捷，并支持復印。6.

根據(jù)下文（Afterall,youcan'texpectallthestudentstobuynewspapers.）可知，老師應(yīng)該把學生的需要放在第一位?？键c分析：本文是網(wǎng)友之一對“使用復印網(wǎng)絡(luò)書或報紙”這一現(xiàn)象所做的一個調(diào)查，不同的人發(fā)表了不同的看法。篇二(2019年上海真題)Thismonth，wehadthehonorofinterviewingandsixlocalchange-makersagedfrom11to17．Theseweren'tstoppedbytheirageorsizeorlackofresources，theysawa7intheworldaroundthemandtostephelpwheretheycould．Theysupportfemalesoldiersraisemoneythroughtheirefforts，teachotherkidsaboutlifelessons，andusetheirfreetimeto8theoldtreeswelovesodearlyinthecommunity．Eachofthemhadadultsintheirlivesencouragingandsupportingtheirwork．Wewerealsohonoredtointerviewafamouswriterforhisnewbook，StartNow!YoucanBeaChange-maker．Thebookexplainssomeoftheworld'sbigproblems-hunger，healthandanimalsindanger-inawaythatyoungchildrencanunderstand．Thebookshowsthem，throughotherkids'stories，howtheycanmakea9，too．Inourinterviewwiththewriter，hesharesthateachtimehischildrentakeasmallaction，suchasrecycling，hetalkswiththem．Heusesthemomenttodiscusshowsmallchangescanachieveagreateffect．It'sastepanyofuscantaketohelpchildrenrealizehow10theyare．Atthistimeofyear，weoftenhearlotsofquestionsfromparents．Themost11oneis，"Whatvolunteerchancesarethereforyoungchildrenunder16？"Thekidsintheinterviewandinthebookshowusthatparentsdon'thavetofindanorganizedeventfortheirkidstotakepartin．Theycancreatetheirownchances．Asparents，teachers，aunts，uncles，andfriends，it'sourjobto12forwhatspeakstoachild'sheart，helpthemantotakethatfirststep，andwatchwhattheirlittlehandscando．Startnow，andyoucanraiseachange-maker．EditorofPARENTSMagazine7.

A.sign B.need C.reason D.change8.

A.worryabout B.climbup C.carefor D.cutdown9.

A.plan B.mistake C.decision D.difference10.

A.powerful B.generous C.happy D.confident11.A.private B.useful C.common D.serious12.

A.listen B.pay C.wait D.leave【答案】7.B8.C9.D10.A11.C12.A【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介紹了作者采訪了6個青少年變革者和一個著名作家等內(nèi)容。7.

句意：他們沒有因為年齡、體型或缺乏資源而止步，他們看到了周圍世界的需要，并在力所能及的情況下伸出援手。根據(jù)to

step

help

where

they

could，可知他們看到了周圍世界需要他們，所以他們在力所能及的情況下伸出援手。A標志，B需要，C原因，D改變。故選B．8.

句意：他們支持女兵通過她們的努力籌集資金，教其他孩子關(guān)于生活的課程，并利用她們的空閑時間去照顧我們在社區(qū)中非常喜愛的老樹。根據(jù)the

old

trees

we

love

so

dearly

in

the

community，可知carefor符合語境和邏輯，去照顧我們在社區(qū)中非常喜愛的老樹。A擔心，B攀爬，C照顧，D砍到。故選C。9.

句意：這本書通過其他孩子的故事告訴他們，他們也可以產(chǎn)生影響。A計劃，B錯誤，C決定，D不同。根據(jù)In

our

interview

with

the

writer，he

shares

that

each

time

his

children

take

a

small

action，such

as

recycling，he

talks

with

them．He

uses

the

moment

to

discuss

how

small

changes

can

achieve

a

great

effect(在我們對作者的采訪中，他分享了他的孩子每做一件小事，比如回收，他都會和他們交談。他利用這個機會來討論如何讓小的改變產(chǎn)生大的效果)，可知此處是說孩子們的所做所為也可以對世界產(chǎn)生影響。makeadifference表示有影響，起作用，故選D。10.

句意：我們每個人都可以采取措施來幫助孩子認識到他們是多么有影響力。根據(jù)原文，He

uses

the

moment

to

discuss

how

small

changes

can

achieve

a

great

effect(他用這個機會來討論小改變是如何可以達到一個大影響的)．可知接下來需要表達的意思是，我們?nèi)魏稳硕伎梢圆扇〈胧┤椭⒆右庾R到他們多么有影響力的。A.powerful有影響力的；B.generous慷慨的；C.happy開心的；D.confident自信的。故選A。11.句意：在每年的這個時候，我們經(jīng)常聽到很多來自父母的問題。其中最…的一個是。private私有的，個人的;useful有用的；common普遍的；serious嚴肅的。這里談及問題的普遍性，因此選擇C。12.

句意：作為父母、老師、阿姨、叔叔和朋友，我們的工作是傾聽孩子的心聲，幫助他邁出第一步，并觀察他們的小手能做什么。listenfor傾聽；payfor支付；waitfor等待；leavefor前往。根據(jù)As

parents，teachers，aunts，uncles，and

friends，it's

our

job

to

..for

what

speaks

to

a

child's

heart，可知本句需要表達的意思是，作為家長，老師，阿姨，叔叔和朋友，傾聽孩子的心聲是我們的職責。篇三(2020年上海真題)HowtoSucceedinHighSchoolYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay"____13____"tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreaterskills.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan't____14____othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus？ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha____15____learningenvironmentathome.Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight.Findtheright____16____sothatyoureffortswillworkwell.Learntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato—do—litofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto____17____yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseemlessdifficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday—themore,thebetter.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaperregularlyisagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.____18____,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelconfidentandperformwellinhighschool!13.A.helloB.bye—byeC.sorryD.thanks14.A.careforB.dependonC.competewithD.worryabout15.A.warmB.cleanC.quietD.safe16.A.timeB.placeC.habitD.skill17.A.divideB.finishC.rememberD.correct18.A.ForexampleB.InbriefC.OnaverageD.Inaddition【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.A17.A18.D【解析】文章是一篇說明文。就如何自主學習給出了一下建議。13.句意：因此，對中學說“再見”并不總是那么容易。hello喂；bye—bye再見；sorry對不起；thanks謝謝。根據(jù)“Youhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool”可知你已經(jīng)熟悉了你的中學的學習環(huán)境，所以對中學說再見是不容易的。故選B。14.句意：但是，你不能一直依賴別人。carefor關(guān)心；dependon依賴；competewith與…競爭；worryabout擔心。根據(jù)前文“Moststudentsneedsupport．Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand”可知老師和家長可能會幫助你，結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞however，所以此處是指：你不能總是依賴別人。故選B。15.句意：在家里為自己提供一個安靜的學習環(huán)境。warm溫暖的；clean干凈的；quiet安靜的；safe安全的。根據(jù)“ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying”可知要確保你學習的時候電視沒有開著，所以此處是指找一個安靜的環(huán)境。故選C。16.句意：找到合適的時間，使你的工作順利進行。time時間；place地點；habit習慣；skill技巧。根據(jù)“Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight”可知不同的學生需要的時間不一樣，此處是指找到合適的時間，故選A。17.句意：嘗試把工作分配一下。divide分成；finish完成；remember記得；correct糾正。根據(jù)“Thiswillcreatesmaller，moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones”可知這種方法可以將從大任務(wù)中創(chuàng)建更小、更易于管理的任務(wù)，所以此處是指把工作分成不同的類別。故選A。18.句意：另外，你從報紙上獲得的信息通常是官方的和真實的。Forexample例如；Inbrief簡言之；Onaverage平均；Inaddition另外。根據(jù)“…informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue”結(jié)合語境，可知是指：另外，你從報紙上得到的信息通常是官方的和真實的，故選D。篇四(2020年上海真題)Whatdoyouneedforaninventiontobeasuccess?Tobeginwith,goodtimingisvery____19____.Youcanhaveagoodideawhichthepublicdoesn’twantyet.TakeGiovanniCaselliasanexample.Heinventedthefirstfaxmachineinthe1860s.Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly____20____.Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.Moneyalsohelps.TheFrenchmanDenisPapinhadtheideaforasteamenginealmostahundredyearsbeforeJamesWattwasborn.Denisneverhadenoughmoneyto____21____one.Youalsoneedtobepatient.Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.____22____,youshouldn’tbetooslow.Inthe1870s,ElishaGraydevelopedplansforatelephone.Graysawitonlyas“abeautifultoy”.WhenhefinallysentdetailsofhisinventiontothePatentOffice(專利局)onFebruary14th,1876,itwastoo____23____.Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.Heisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone.Ofcoursewhatyoureallyneedisawonderfulidea.Ifyouhaven’tgotone,awalkinthecountrysideandacarefullookat____24____canhelp.TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.19.A.interestingB.importantC.personalD.satisfying20.A.diedB.improvedC.spreadD.appeared21.A.deliverB.repairC.useD.build22.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.SofarD.Atlast23.A.modernB.difficultC.lateD.old24.A.societyB.natureC.picturesD.advertisements【答案】19.B20.A21.D22.A23.C24.B【解析】19.根據(jù)下文可知，好的開始很重要，故答案是B。20.根據(jù)題意“雖然質(zhì)量很好，他的發(fā)明很快就…了“。前面質(zhì)量好表示褒獎，但是though表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此后面不是好的結(jié)果。died消亡，消失;improved提高；spread擴散；appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)題意選A。21.根據(jù)上文“法國人DenisPapin在JamesWatt出生前將近一百年就有了蒸汽機的想法“，這里應(yīng)該是他沒有前”建造“一個，故選D。22.上句“你還需要耐心，。科學家們花了將近80年的時間發(fā)明了一個燈泡“，后面例子”太晚了，幾乎相同的設(shè)計在兩個小時前到達“可知設(shè)空處句子意思為”…也不能太慢了”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。23.根據(jù)“幾乎相同是設(shè)計在兩個小時前到達“可知已經(jīng)晚了，故選C。24.根據(jù)awalkinthecountryside可知，在鄉(xiāng)下，應(yīng)該是看自然風景，故答案是B。篇五(2022年上海真題)StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____25____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____26____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____27____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____28____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampas

theSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____29____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____30____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.25.A.doctorB.scientistC.lawyerD.teacher26.A.invitedB.selectedC.followedD.encouraged27.A.relyonB.showoffC.focusonD.talkabout28.A.exercisesB.drawingsC.reviewsD.experiments29.

A.actuallyB.suddenlyC.nearlyD