【被動語態(tài)】定義：被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以表示主語是動作的承受者。在主動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；而在被動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的承受對象。例如：“Thebookisreadbyhim.”（這本書被他讀。）在這個句子中，“book”（書）是“read”（讀）這個動作的承受者，而不是執(zhí)行者。溫馨提醒：1.時態(tài)一致：被動語態(tài)時態(tài)與主動語態(tài)相對應(yīng)，如主動是一般過去時，被動也用一般過去時被動形式。例：主動“Heboughtanewbikeyesterday.”，被動“Anewbikewasboughtbyhimyesterday.”2.短語動詞：變?yōu)楸粍訒r，短語動詞不能拆開。例：主動“Theylookaftertheoldmancarefully.”，被動“Theoldmanislookedaftercarefullybythem.”3.雙賓語轉(zhuǎn)換：主動句有雙賓語時，一個賓語變主語，另一個賓語保留。例：主動“Shegavemeabook.”，被動“Iwasgivenabookbyher.”或“Abookwasgiventomebyher.”4.不及物動詞：像“happen”“appear”等不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。例：不能說“Theaccidentwashappened.”，應(yīng)說“Theaccidenthappened.”練習(xí)題：單項選擇50題(真題+模擬+日常練習(xí))10道與初中被動語態(tài)相關(guān)的中考真題：1.(2024?四川涼山)—AreyougoingtoSam'sbirthdaypartythedayaftertomorrow?—I'mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI__.A.willinviteB.inviteC.willbeinvitedD.aminvited2.(2024山東?聊城)Becauseit____everyday,thewindowisveryclean.A.cleanedB.willcleanC.wascleaned3.（2023?山東濱州）—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A.willexpecttodoB.isexpecteddoingC.hasexpecteddoingD.wasexpectedtodo4.（2023?大連）TheQatarWorldCup________fromNovember21toDecember18lastyear.A.holdsB.heldC.washeldD.isheld5.（2023?吉林）—Theenvironmentofthistownisbetternow.—That’sbecauselotsoftrees________heremanyyearsago.A.areplantedB.wereplantedC.willbeplanted6.（2023?黑龍江牡丹市）The19thAsianGames________inHangzhoufromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.A.washeldB.willholdC.willbeheld7.（2023?江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.useB.isusedC.usedD.wasused8.（2023?江蘇連云港）Whileeveryone________thecomicpage,Ipickedupacopytoseewhatwassofunny.A.islaughingatB.laughedatC.laughsatD.waslaughingat9.（2023?江蘇徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.islovedB.waslovedC.willloveD.isloving10.(2023四川?廣安)—Mike,Ilookedforyoueverywherelastnight.—Oh，I__totheparty.A.aminvitedB.invitedC.inviteD.wasinvited10道與初中被動語態(tài)相關(guān)的中考模擬：1.（2024·山東濟(jì)南）English______widelyallovertheworld.A.isspokenB.speaksC.spokeD.wasspoken2.（2024·河南鄭州）The2024WinterOlympics______inBeijingandZhangjiakou.A.holdB.willholdC.willbeheldD.isheld3.（2024·湖南長沙）Theproblem______atthemeetingtomorrow.A.willdiscussB.willbediscussedC.discussesD.isdiscussed4.（2024·福建福州）Thedoctor______forhelpingthesickpeople.A.praisesB.praisedC.ispraisedD.waspraised5.（2023·廣東深圳）Alotofnewroads______inourcitylastyear.A.werebuiltB.builtC.arebuiltD.build6.（2023·河北唐山）Theflowers______everyday,ortheywilldie.A.mustwaterB.canbewateredC.shouldwaterD.mustbewatered7.（2023·浙江杭州）Themobilephone______in1973.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented8.（2023·四川成都）Thesportsmeeting______becauseofthebadweather.A.cancelsB.wascancelledC.hascancelledD.iscancelled9.（2023·湖北武漢）Theroom______justnow.It'sverycleannow.A.wascleanedB.iscleanedC.cleansD.cleaned10.（2023·遼寧沈陽）Manyhouses______bytheearthquakelastyear.A.aredestroyedB.weredestroyedC.destroyD.destroyed30道與初中被動語態(tài)相關(guān)的日常練習(xí)題?：簡單：1.Food______tothehungrychildrenbythevolunteers.A.givesB.isgivingC.gaveD.wasgiven2.Thedoor______bythewindlastnight.A.blowsopenB.isblownopenC.blewopenD.wasblownopen3.Aletter______tomyfriendbymelastweek.A.waswrittenB.iswrittenC.wroteD.writes4.Thesebooks______tothelibraryontime.A.returnB.mustreturnC.werereturnedD.mustbereturned5.Thestory______tousbyourteacheryesterday.A.toldB.wastoldC.tellsD.istold6.Theroom______everyday.A.cleansB.mustcleanC.iscleanedD.mustbecleaned7.English______allovertheworld.A.spokeB.speaksC.wasspokenD.isspoken8.Mybike______yesterday.A.repairsB.wasrepairedC.isrepairedD.repaired9.Theflowers______often.A.waterB.mustwaterC.arewateredD.mustbewatered10.Thissong______bymanypeople.A.likedB.likesC.waslikedD.isliked中等：11.Anewteachingbuilding______inourschoolnextyear.A.willbebuiltB.willbuildC.isbuiltD.builds12.Theproblem______carefullybythestudentsintheclassyesterday.A.isdiscussedB.discussedC.discussesD.wasdiscussed13.Thesportsmeeting______becauseofthebadweatherlastweek.A.putsoffB.wasputoffC.isputoffD.putoff14.Manytrees______onthehillbythefarmerseveryspring.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted15.Theoldbridgeovertheriver______fiftyyearsago.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt16.Thefamouspainting______byathieflastmonth.A.stealsB.wasstolenC.isstolenD.stolen17.Theroom______andeverythingwasinamess.A.breaksintoB.isbrokenintoC.brokeintoD.wasbrokeninto18.Theseclothes______bymymotheryesterday.A.werewashedB.washedC.arewashedD.wash19.Thechildren______bythenursewhentheywereill.A.takencareB.takencareofC.weretakencareofD.weretakencare20.Themachine______bytheworkersatthemoment.A.wasrepairedB.repairsC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired困難：21.Theimportantmeeting______inthecityhallnextmonthandmanyleaderswillattendit.A.holdsB.willholdC.willbeheldD.isheld22.Thenovel______bymanypeoplesinceitwaspublished.A.readsB.hasbeenreadC.wasreadD.isread23.Theoldman'sstory______tothechildrenbytheteacherlastweek.A.tellsB.istoldC.toldD.wastold24.Alotofnewroadsandbridges______inourhometowninthepastfewyears.A.builtB.werebuiltC.arebuiltD.havebeenbuilt25.Thefamouswriter'snewbook______anditbecomesverypopular.A.ispublishedB.publishesC.hasbeenpublishedD.waspublished26.Themuseum______byalotoftouristseveryday.A.isvisitedB.visitsC.wasvisitedD.visited27.Thetraditionalculture______moreandmoreattentionbypeopleinrecentyears.A.paysB.hasbeenpaidC.ispaidD.waspaid28.Thenewlaw______toprotecttheenvironmentandithasagreateffect.A.makesB.ismadeC.hasbeenmadeD.wasmade29.Thehistoricalbuilding______carefullyanditwillbeopentothepublicsoon.A.restoresB.hasbeenrestoredC.wasrestoredD.isrestored30.Thescientificresearchproject______byateamofexpertsandtheyhavemadegreatprogress.A.carriesoutB.wascarriedoutC.isbeingcarriedoutD.hasbeencarriedout答案及解析：以下是所有題目的答案及解析：中考真題：1.D。“if”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，且“我”是被邀請，用被動語態(tài)，所以是“aminvited”。2.C。“it”和“clean”之間是被動關(guān)系，“每天被打掃”，又因為是每天發(fā)生的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“iscleaned”。3.D。“他”被期望能得一等獎，“expect”與“he”是被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)語境是過去時態(tài)，所以用“wasexpectedtodo”。4.C。“TheQatarWorldCup”和“hold”是被動關(guān)系，“l(fā)astyear”表明是過去時態(tài)，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“washeld”。5.B?！癿anyyearsago”是過去時間，“trees”和“plant”是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wereplanted”。6.C。“The19thAsianGames”還未舉辦，用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)“willbeheld”。7.D?！皃ocketmoney”和“use”是被動關(guān)系，“WhenIwasapupil”表明是過去時態(tài)，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasused”。8.D?！癢hile”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，“everyone”和“l(fā)aughat”是主動關(guān)系，根據(jù)語境用過去進(jìn)行時“waslaughingat”。9.A?！癟heMonkeyKing”和“l(fā)ove”是被動關(guān)系，且是陳述一般情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“isloved”。10.D?！癐”和“invite”是被動關(guān)系，“l(fā)astnight”是過去時間，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasinvited”。中考模擬：1.A。英語是被廣泛使用，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“isspoken”。2.C?！癟he2024WinterOlympics”是被舉辦，用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)“willbeheld”。3.B?！癟heproblem”是被討論，“tomorrow”表明用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)“willbediscussed”。4.C?！癟hedoctor”是被贊揚(yáng)，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“ispraised”。5.A?！皉oads”和“build”是被動關(guān)系，“l(fā)astyear”是過去時間，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“werebuilt”。6.D?！癟heflowers”是被澆水，用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)“mustbewatered”。7.D。手機(jī)是在過去被發(fā)明，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasinvented”。8.B。運動會因為壞天氣被取消，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wascancelled”。9.A。房間剛剛被打掃，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wascleaned”。10.B。許多房子去年被地震毀壞，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“weredestroyed”。日常練習(xí)題：以下是這些題目的答案及解析：簡單：1.D。食物是被志愿者給予饑餓的孩子們的，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasgiven”。2.D。門昨晚被風(fēng)吹開，“l(fā)astnight”提示用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasblownopen”。3.A。信上周被我寫給朋友，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“waswritten”。4.D。這些書必須按時歸還給圖書館，“must”后接動詞原形，用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)“mustbereturned”。5.B。故事昨天被老師講給我們，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wastold”。6.C。房間每天被打掃，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“iscleaned”。7.D。英語在全世界被使用，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“isspoken”。8.B。我的自行車昨天被修理，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasrepaired”。9.C?；ń?jīng)常被澆水，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“arewatered”。10.C。這首歌被很多人喜歡，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“wasliked”。中等：11.A。新教學(xué)樓明年將在我們學(xué)校被建造，用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)“willbebui