第1頁/共1頁2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國甲卷）英語學(xué)科第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Anewrestaurant.B.Aconveniencestore.C.Theiroffice.2.WhenistheclasspresentationaccordingtoVicky?A.OnThursday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnTuesday.3.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tochecktheprice.B.Tomakeanapology.C.Tocancelherorder.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandemployee.C.Salespersonandcustomer.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirmovetoanewplace.B.Tom'sfriendsatschool.C.Asportscenter.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthegirltellherdad?A.Shedecidestoquitcollege.B.Sheworriesaboutheracademicability.C.Sheisunpopularwithherclassmates.7.Howdoesthefatherhelphisdaughter?A.Bytellingafunnyjoke.B.Bysharinghisownstory.C.Byplanningaschooltour.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whoistheman?A.Aresearcher.B.Abirdwatcher.C.Aradiohost.9.Whendobirdssingquieter?A.Onweekendmornings.B.Duringrushhours.C.Inearlyevenings.10.WhatisDr.Zollingergoingtodonext?A.Summarizeherstudies.B.Playsomerecordings.C.Answermorequestions.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WherewasJenaborn?A.InCanada.B.InJapan.C.InAustralia.12.HowoldwasMikewhenheleftGlasgow?A.Five.B.Six.C.Ten.13.WhatdoweknowaboutMike'sparents?A.Theyenjoylivingabroad.B.Theyfirstmetattheageof20.C.Theywillstarttheirowncompany.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.WhatisthefirstquestiontoMr.Greenabout?A.Hisadventureinspace.B.Hisphysicalcondition.C.Hisdoctor'sadvice.15.HowdoesMr.GreenfeelabouttravelingtoMars?A.It'sunlikelytohappen.B.It'sphysicallydemanding.C.It'sachancenottobemissed.16.WhichisMr.Green'sfavoritemovie?A.Apollo13.B.BlueEarth.C.SpaceStation.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingareport.B.Introducingamusicalplay.C.Makinganannouncement.18.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodo?A.Carryschoolflags.B.Wearfunclothes.C.Designfancymasks.19.Wherecantheparentsstandandwatch?A.Onthesidewalk.B.Ontheplayground.C.Infrontoftheoffice.20.Whatshouldthestudentsdoiftheydon'ttakepart?A.Lettheirteacherknow.B.Stayinthelecturehall.C.Dosomereading.參考答案1-5ACBCA

6-10

BBCAB

11-15ABABC

16-20ACBCA聽力原文(Text1)W:Look,wehavetimeforhamburgaratthisformerrestaurant.W:Forgetthat.IknowanewrestaurantonMapleStreetnotfarfromourcompany.Isthatokaywithyou？M:Perfect.(Text2)

M:Hi，Vicky.IrememberourclasspresentationisonWednesday，butyousaidit'sonThursday.Areyousure？W:Sorry.Itwasaslipofthetongue.ImeantTuesdayforsure.(Text3)M:Allen'sfurniture.CanIhelpyou？W:Hi.I'mtheonewhoaskedaboutthepriceofaglassteatabletop.JustnowI'msorry，Imadeamistake.Thesizeshouldbe75centimetersby50centimeters.M:Oh.That'llmakeadifferenceintheprice.Holdonandletmefindout.(Text4)W:Theseareournewarrivals.Everymanshouldownatleastonewoollensweater.Don'tyouthink？M:Iagree.Anysuggestions？W:Theonewithtwopocketssellsbestthisyear？Lightweightandstylish.Wouldyouliketotryiton？(Text5)W:Howdoyoulikeyourschool,Tom？M:Oh,IlikeitalotandIalsolikethearea.Thenearbyrecreationcenteriscool.Thankyou，mom.W:Whatreallyleavesyouhappywithyournewhome？(Text6)W:Idon'tknowifIwanttogotocollege，Idon'tthinkI'lldoverywellthere，M:Whynot？W:BecauseI'mnotsmart.M:Ye,Itcanbescary.W:Didyouevercomeclosetodroppingout,Dad？M:No.ButIworriedalotbeforeIwent，Ithoughtcollegewouldbefullofbrains.OnceIgotthere，Ifoundoutthatmostofthekidswerejustlikeme.(Text7)M:Hello，listeners.Peoplearoundtheworldarereportingthatbirdsaremuchlouderthesedays.NowI'veconnectedwithdoctorsalingerandlet'shearwhatshewillsay.W:Wefeelthatthey'resinginglouderbecausetheysingintypicallynoisyplaces.Butwhenthenoiseisgone，theysingquieterthantheynormallydo.M:Inotherwords，birdsarelikeusinanoisybar，forexample，peoplewillraisetheirvoices.W:Exactly.Weknowthatbirdssingquieterontheweekendmornings.(Text8)M:Hi.Idon'tthinkwe'vemetbefore.I'mMike.

W:Hi，Mike.MynameisGina.Nicetomeetyou.M:Nicetomeetyou，Gina.Wheredoyoucomefrom？W:OriginallyI'mfromCanada，butwemovedtoaustraliawhenIwasabout5yearsoldnow.MyparentsliveinTokyo.Howaboutyou,Mike？M:IwasborninGlasgowandwelivedthereuntilIwassix.Thensincemyfatherworkedforaninternationaltradecompany，wemovedallovertheplace.W:Yeah.Wherearesomeoftheplacesyou'velived？M:Mostofthetimewelivedabroad？Wespentatotalof10yearsinJapan，GermanyandKorea.WecamebacktotheUKonly2yearsago，butIthinkmyparentswouldprefertostayoverseas

foranother20years.W:Wow.Itsoundslikeyou'vehadaninterestinglife.

(Text9)W:Goodmorning.Welcomethespacehero,MrGreentomystudio.M:Hello.Maria.Hello，mydearfriends.

W:Well.Let'sstartfromthefirstquestionIcollectedfromtheaudience.Didyouhaveanymomentsofdizzinesssincehelandedbackontheearth.M:Thefirst3daysbackwereprettytough.Yourbodysystemisallmessedup.Soyoufeeldizzy.It'squitenormal，though.W:Thanks.Anotherquestion.WouldyougoforthefirstmannedMarstravel,Ifyouhavethechance？M:Absolutely.AtriptoMarsishugelyexciting.I'malwaysreadyforit.W:Iknowyoucanwatchmoviesonthespacestation.What'syourfavoritespacemovie？Somepeopleasked.M:Apollo13isprobablymytopone.Mysonsloveblueearth.Itwasbrilliantwatchingthenewmovieonboardthespacestation.(Text10)W:Ournextdressupdaywillbeonfriday，October28th，

anditisourannualdressupday.Onthisday，studentsmaydressupinfunclothesandtherewillbeamarcharoundtheschool.Studentsareremindednottocarrysharpthingssuchasknivesandswords.

Pleasemakesurethatyoucanseeandbreatheeasilyifyouwearmasks.Parentsareinvitedtowatchtheeventbutareaskedtostandeitherinfrontoftheofficeneartheflagpoleorinthegrassycourtyard，thestudentswillbemarchingaroundonthesidewalks.Sowedoneedtokeepallsidewalksclear.Parentsandfriendsmayalsojoininthemarchiftheyaredressedinappropriateclothes.Butifyou'rejustwatching，we'dliketoaskyoutostayinonespottoreducetrafficjams.Studentswhodonotwishtotakepartintheeventforreligiousorotherreasonsshouldinformtheirteacherandtheywillbeallowedtostayintheofficeuntilaftertheevent.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity'sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880-1990:IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons,invertebrates(無脊椎動(dòng)物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工藝)materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy,CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter'swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece!KnittingandPom-PomMakingJointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(編織).1.WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST?A.Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings. B.Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C.Itpresentsrecreationalactivities. D.Itisamajortouristattraction.2.Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou'reinterestedindrawingpictures?A.LightAwashinWatercolor. B.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity.C.WheelThrowing. D.KnittingandPom-PomMaking.3.WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A.Practiceatraditionaldance. B.Makehandcrafts.CVisitalocalmuseum. D.Feedinvertebrates.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了ARTSFIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)制作活動(dòng)，并且邀請(qǐng)熱愛的學(xué)生或社區(qū)成員加入。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-making'activities.(我們期待著您的到來，我們將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。)”以及下文的四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”；“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(沒有骨氣的藝術(shù)家:無脊椎的創(chuàng)造力)”；“WheelThrowing

(投擲輪子)”和“KnittingandPom-PomMaking(編織和制作毛絨球)”可推知，ARTSFIRST是提供娛樂活動(dòng)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“LightAwashinWatercolor

(水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“LearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880—1990:IntotheLight.(與哈佛藝術(shù)博物館材料實(shí)驗(yàn)室的專家一起了解水彩顏料的材料和質(zhì)量。在即將到來的“1880—

1990年美國水彩畫：進(jìn)入光”展覽中，嘗試一下藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。)”可知，如果對(duì)畫畫感興趣，可以參加LightAwashinWatercolor。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity

(無脊椎藝術(shù)家：無脊椎動(dòng)物的創(chuàng)造力)”部分中的“JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumof

HistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherNaturalinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials.

(和哈佛歷史博物館的JavierMarin一起學(xué)習(xí)昆蟲和其他自然無脊椎動(dòng)物是如何跳舞、啟發(fā)時(shí)尚和創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的。同時(shí)用手工材料制作你自己的無脊椎藝術(shù)家。)”可知，參與者能跟JavierMarin一起進(jìn)行手工制作。故選B項(xiàng)。BAnimalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動(dòng)物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sasurvivalskill. B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret. D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.5.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds. B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells. D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.6.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster. C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat B.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貓通過叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物來表達(dá)需求、評(píng)估環(huán)境和展示愛意?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來表達(dá)他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動(dòng)物都有獨(dú)特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來尋求幫助，嚇跑危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物或?qū)ふ冶幼o(hù)。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(貓寶寶一出生就開始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來評(píng)估周圍的環(huán)境，尋找任何危險(xiǎn)的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過檢查氣味來評(píng)估不同情況。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogs

are

known

for

their

impressive

fetching

habit,

(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習(xí)慣而聞名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(許多貓會(huì)在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語take

...

up

a

notch是用來形容貓?jiān)趲Щ貣|西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Animals

can

express

their

needs

using

a

lot

of

ways.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來表達(dá)他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物的習(xí)慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。CTheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”8.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A.Itrunsacrosscountries. B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital. D.Ittravelsalongariver.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.10.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A.Aboutayear. B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths. D.Abouttwoweeks.11.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述政府贊助了五輛名為圣盧卡斯的醫(yī)療列車為俄羅斯中部和東部偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)每年提供為期10個(gè)月的巡回醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為鄉(xiāng)村居民提供基本醫(yī)療檢查和治療，改善當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)療條件?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第一段“TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.(圣盧卡斯號(hào)是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車之一，前往俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠(yuǎn)城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護(hù)士為農(nóng)村人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)、X光掃描和處方。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號(hào)與其他火車的不同之處在于它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車，充當(dāng)醫(yī)院。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題，第三段提到“Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.(俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)迫切需要現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預(yù)約，擴(kuò)大財(cái)政援助計(jì)劃，激勵(lì)醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)行醫(yī)。)”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段“For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).”(每年有10個(gè)月，火車兩周內(nèi)?？看蠹s八個(gè)車站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進(jìn)行補(bǔ)給和重新裝貨。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號(hào)一份補(bǔ)給可以工作大約兩周，故選D?！?1題詳解】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的““Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”(“醫(yī)生和他們的助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke說。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機(jī)會(huì)?！?”可知，Ducke對(duì)SaintLukas的服務(wù)持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】D“Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.12.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A.Todiscussanovel. B.Tosubmitabookreport.C.Toargueforawriter. D.Toaskforareadinglist.13.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.14.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?A.Itsatisfiesreaders’taste. B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C.Itisusuallypositive. D.Itisopenforimagination.15.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists. B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine. D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先通過作者與教授關(guān)于小說結(jié)局的討論引發(fā)了對(duì)結(jié)局的思考，接著闡述了不同類型的文學(xué)作品結(jié)局的特點(diǎn)，最后提出了寫作好的結(jié)局的重要性并介紹了《Writer’sDigest》雜志如何幫助作家寫出更好的結(jié)尾?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.(“我不喜歡這個(gè)結(jié)局，”我對(duì)我最喜歡的大學(xué)教授說。那是我大三的時(shí)候，我正在做一項(xiàng)關(guān)于維多利亞文學(xué)的獨(dú)立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.(這對(duì)我來說是一個(gè)頓悟的時(shí)刻，我再也沒有想過同樣的結(jié)局。從那時(shí)起，如果我想讀一個(gè)保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會(huì)選一部愛情小說。如果我想要一個(gè)我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會(huì)選一本神秘小說。一種是我知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么，歷史小說。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見過格雷西教授后，作者意識(shí)到了每種類型的文學(xué)都有其獨(dú)特的結(jié)局。故選C項(xiàng)。14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.(但是寫出結(jié)局——那很難。對(duì)作家來說很難，因?yàn)榻Y(jié)局對(duì)讀者來說意義重大。你必須平衡創(chuàng)造一個(gè)不可預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)局，但這個(gè)結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定)”可知，人們對(duì)一個(gè)好結(jié)局的期望是結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定，也就是符合故事的發(fā)展。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.(這就是為什么這期《Writer’sDigest》旨在幫助你找出如何為你正在寫的任何類型的作品寫出最好的結(jié)局。如果是短篇小說，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六種技巧，你可以嘗試看看哪一種能幫助你完美著陸。伊麗莎白·西姆斯分析了五部偉大小說的最后幾章，看看它們包含了哪些關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，以及你如何將它們應(yīng)用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這期《Writer’sDigest》的主題，即幫助讀者寫出更好的結(jié)尾。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.____16____Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.____17____Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.____18____Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.____19____Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.____20____Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了，在飲食上注意節(jié)制及其如何節(jié)制的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds,Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.(基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時(shí)感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進(jìn)餐時(shí)不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“Butitdoesn’tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.(但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進(jìn)食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項(xiàng)“對(duì)我們?cè)S多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少?！苯忉屃撕螢檫m量進(jìn)食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項(xiàng)中的“means”與下文一致。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeyourtime.It’simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.(慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)東西，而不僅僅是會(huì)議間隙吃的東西，這一點(diǎn)很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細(xì)嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項(xiàng)“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯?！背薪由衔摹７衔囊?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“It’smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.(如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項(xiàng)“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物?！狈衔囊?，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項(xiàng)中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段首句“Controlemotional(情緒的)eating.(控制情緒化進(jìn)食)”以及下文“Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.(我們中的許多人也會(huì)求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨(dú)或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進(jìn)行暴飲暴食，要進(jìn)行健康飲食。B項(xiàng)“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑?！敝赋鲇行┤顺詵|西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處位于段首，總結(jié)全段，下文“Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday,Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.(健康的早餐可以啟動(dòng)你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進(jìn)食。盡量早點(diǎn)吃晚飯，禁食14—16個(gè)小時(shí)，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們?cè)谝惶熘械拿總€(gè)時(shí)間段都要健康飲食。A項(xiàng)“全天合理飲食?！狈险Z境。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D