話題6健康的生活方式Ⅰ.閱讀理解FromthelushgreenhillyoucanseeLjubljana，thecapitalofSlovenia，inthedistance.Populationsofdeer，rabbitsandturtlelivehere.Theairiscleanandtheonlysignsthatwearestandingabovea24－metre(79feet)deeplandfillarethemethanegaspipesrisingfromthegrass.LjubljanaisthefirstEuropeancapitaltocommittogoingzero－waste.Butfifteenyearsago，allofitsrefusewentstraighttolandfill.“Andthatisexpensive，”saysNinaSankovicofVokaSnaga，thecity’swastemanagementcompany.“Ittakesupspaceandyou’rethrowingawayresources.”Sothecitydecidedtochangecourse.Itbeganin2002withseparatecollectionofpaper，glassandpackaginginRoadsidecontainerstands.Fouryearslaterthecitybegancollectingbiodegradablewastedoortodoor；separatecollectionofbiowasteissettobecomemandatoryacrossEuropein2023，butLjubljanawasnearlytwodecadesaheadofthecurve.In2013，everydoorstepinthecityreceivedbinsforpackagingandpaperwaste.And，mostcontroversially，scheduledcollectionsoftheresidualwastewerecutbyhalf—forcingpeopletoseparatetheirrubbishmoreefficiently.Theresultshavebeenimpressive.In2008，thecityrecycledonly29.3%ofitswasteandwaslaggingbehindtherestofEurope.Todaythatfigureis68%，anditslandfillreceivesalmost80%lessrubbish，puttingitatthetopofthecyclingleaderboardofEUcapitals.TheSloveniancapitalnowproducesonly115kgofresidualwastepercapitaannually(theEuropeancitywiththelowestfigureisthemuchsmallerTreviso，Italy，at59kg).1.Whatistheusageofthepiperisingfromthegrass?A.Asigntoshowthereisadeeplandfill.B.Toemitgasrisingfromthegrass.C.Todischargemethanefromthedeeplandfill.D.Awaterpipetowatergrass.2.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mandatory”inParagraph4?A.Compulsory. B.Typical.C.Normal. D.Reasonable.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechangeofLjubljana?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythepassageappear?A.Society.B.Geographyeducation.C.Tourism.D.Environmentalprotection.Restrictingmealstoearlyinthedaydidnotaffectweightamongoverweightadultswithprediabetesordiabetes，accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessions2020.“Wehavewonderedforalongtimeifwhenoneeatsduringthedayaffectsthewaythebodyusesandstoresenergy，”saidstudyauthorNisaM.Maruthur，associateprofessorofmedicineinJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore.“Mostpreviousstudieshavenotcontrolledthenumberofcalories，soitwasn’tclearifpeoplewhoateearlierjustatefewercalories.Inthisstudy，theonlythingwechangedwasthetimeofdayofeating.”Maruthurandthecolleaguesfollowed41overweightadultsina12－weekstudy.Mostparticipants(90%)wereAfricanAmericanwomenwithprediabetesordiabetes，andaverageageof59years.Twenty－oneoftheadultsfollowedatime－restrictedeatingpattern，limitingeatingtospecifichoursofthedayandate80%oftheircaloriesbefore1pm.Theremaining20participantsateatusualtimesduringa12－h(huán)ourwindow，consuminghalfoftheirdailycaloriesafter5pmfortheentire12weeks.Allparticipantsconsumedthesamepre－prepared，healthymealsprovidedforthestudy.Weightandbloodpressureweremeasuredatthebeginningofthestudy，thenat4weeks，8weeksand12weeks.Theanalysisfoundthatpeopleinbothgroupslostweightandhaddecreasedbloodpressureregardlessofwhentheyate.“Wethoughtthatthetime－restrictedgroupwouldlosemoreweight，”Maruthursaid.“Yetthatdidn’thappen.Wedidnotseeanydifferencesinweightlossforthosewhoatemostoftheircaloriesearlierversuslaterintheday.Wedidnotseeanyeffectsonbloodpressureeither.”Theresearchersarenowcollectingmoredetailedinformationonbloodpressurerecordedover24hours，andtheywillbecompilingthisinformationwiththeresultsofastudyontheeffectsoftime－restrictedfeedingonbloodsugar，insulinandotherhormonesandmakinganalysesonthefindings.“Together，thesefindingswillhelpustomorefullyunderstandtheeffectsoftime－restrictedeatingoncardiometaboliehealth，”Maruthursaid.5.Whatmadethestudydifferentfromearlierones?A.Participants’age.B.Participants’dailyeatingtime.C.Thenumberofparticipants.D.Theresearchmembers.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theresearchprocedure.B.Theresearchresult.C.Theresearchpurpose.D.Theresearchinstitution.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Bloodpressureisconnectedwitheatingtime.B.Absorbinglesscaloriesearliermakesforweightloss.C.Eatingtimedeterminestheeffectoflosingweight.D.Takingincaloriesearlierdoesn’timpactweightloss.8.Whatmaytheresearchersdonextaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Stopresearch. B.Announcefindings.C.Analyzedata. D.Writeessays.Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·山東省煙臺(tái)市一模)Someyearsago，Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour.Thebuswasfilledwithcold，tiredpeople__1__withoneanother.Twomen__2__ateachotherforanunintentionalpush.Anelderlywomangoton，andnobodyofferedhera__3__.Angerwasintheair；no__4__couldbefoundhere.AsthebusapproachedSeventhAvenue，thedriver’swordscamefromthespeaker.“Folks，”hesaid.“Iknowyou’vehada(n)__5__dayandthatyouaredepressed，butIwill__6__.Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff，dropyour__7__intomypalm(手掌).MyroutegoesrightbytheHudsonRiver，intowhichI’ll__8__them.”Itseemedasifaspellhadlifted.Everyoneburstoutlaughing，theirfacesshiningwith__9__.Thepassengerswhohadbeen__10__eachother’sexistenceweresuddenlygrinning(咧嘴笑)ateachother—isthisguyserious?Atthenextstop，justas__11__，thedriverheldouthishand，palmup，andwaited.Allthe__12__passengersperformedthegestureofdroppingsomethingintohispalm.Thedriver__13__thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed.Occasionallywemaysinkintoagreyworld，butsomeonecan__14__itlikearayoflight，showingushope.Whatifwearethelight？__15__，anyonepossessesthepowertoshineonothers’darkdays.1.A.satisfied B.associatedC.impressed D.annoyed2.A.waved B.noddedC.barked D.shot3.A.reminder B.seatC.ride D.choice4.A.mercy B.fortuneC.courage D.security5.A.tough B.averageC.important D.fruitful6.A.makecomments B.showupC.helpout D.takerisks7.A.memories B.troublesC.faults D.tips8.A.transform B.stretchC.accompany D.cast9.A.envy B.greedC.pleasure D.pride10.A.suspecting B.ignoringC.expecting D.appreciating11.A.ordered B.promisedC.requested D.reported12.A.chosen B.fooledC.sitting D.exiting13.A.repeated B.designedC.interpreted D.evaluated14.A.divide B.exploreC.reward D.brighten15.A.However B.InsteadC.Actually D.ConsequentlyⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·浙江省紹興市高三二模)EatingChinesefoodcanbebeneficialforyourhealth.Chinesedishesareoftenpackedwithvegetables，leanproteins，andhealthygrainslikericeandnoodles，which1.____________(make)themagreatsourceofvitamins，nutrients，andotheressential2.____________(mineral).Chinesefoodisalso3.____________(relative)inexpensive，makingitagreatoptionforeaters.Manydishescanbeeasilycustomizedtomeetdietaryrestrictionsorpreferences，andtakeoutoptionsmakeiteasy4.____________(enjoy)adeliciousmealwithoutspendingmuchtime