圖書館管理系統(tǒng)設計附帶源代碼?摘要：本文檔詳細介紹了一個圖書館管理系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn)。該系統(tǒng)旨在提高圖書館管理效率，方便讀者借閱和歸還圖書。文檔首先闡述了系統(tǒng)的需求分析，包括功能需求和非功能需求。接著進行了系統(tǒng)設計，涵蓋數(shù)據(jù)庫設計、功能模塊設計等。然后給出了系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)代碼示例，展示了主要功能的具體實現(xiàn)方式。最后對系統(tǒng)進行了測試和總結(jié)，評估了系統(tǒng)的性能和優(yōu)缺點。

一、引言隨著信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，圖書館管理信息化成為必然趨勢。傳統(tǒng)的手工管理方式效率低下，容易出錯，難以滿足現(xiàn)代圖書館的管理需求。因此，開發(fā)一個功能完善、操作簡便的圖書館管理系統(tǒng)具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。

二、需求分析2.1功能需求1.讀者管理：能夠添加、刪除、修改讀者信息，包括讀者編號、姓名、聯(lián)系方式等。2.圖書管理：可以添加、刪除、修改圖書信息，如圖書編號、書名、作者、出版社、出版日期、庫存數(shù)量等。3.借閱管理：記錄讀者的借閱信息，包括借閱圖書編號、讀者編號、借閱日期、應還日期，并能實現(xiàn)圖書的借閱和歸還操作。4.查詢功能：支持按讀者編號、圖書編號、書名等條件查詢讀者信息、圖書信息和借閱信息。5.統(tǒng)計功能：能夠統(tǒng)計圖書的借閱次數(shù)、各類圖書的庫存數(shù)量等。

2.2非功能需求1.性能需求：系統(tǒng)應具備較高的響應速度，能夠在短時間內(nèi)完成各種操作，如查詢、借閱、歸還等。2.可靠性需求：系統(tǒng)應具備較高的可靠性，能夠保證數(shù)據(jù)的準確性和完整性，避免數(shù)據(jù)丟失和錯誤。3.易用性需求：系統(tǒng)界面應簡潔明了，操作方便快捷，易于用戶使用。

三、系統(tǒng)設計3.1數(shù)據(jù)庫設計1.讀者表（reader）-字段：reader_id（讀者編號，主鍵），reader_name（讀者姓名），reader_contact（讀者聯(lián)系方式）2.圖書表（book）-字段：book_id（圖書編號，主鍵），book_name（圖書書名），book_author（圖書作者），book_publisher（圖書出版社），book_publish_date（圖書出版日期），book_stock（圖書庫存數(shù)量）3.借閱表（borrow）-字段：borrow_id（借閱編號，主鍵），reader_id（讀者編號，外鍵關(guān)聯(lián)reader表），book_id（圖書編號，外鍵關(guān)聯(lián)book表），borrow_date（借閱日期），return_date（應還日期）

3.2功能模塊設計1.讀者管理模塊-負責讀者信息的添加、刪除、修改操作。2.圖書管理模塊-實現(xiàn)圖書信息的添加、刪除、修改功能。3.借閱管理模塊-處理圖書的借閱和歸還業(yè)務，記錄借閱信息。4.查詢模塊-根據(jù)用戶輸入的條件查詢讀者信息、圖書信息和借閱信息。5.統(tǒng)計模塊-統(tǒng)計圖書借閱次數(shù)和各類圖書庫存數(shù)量。

四、系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)代碼示例4.1數(shù)據(jù)庫連接類（DBUtil.java）```javaimportjava.sql.Connection;importjava.sql.DriverManager;importjava.sql.SQLException;

publicclassDBUtil{privatestaticfinalStringURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library";privatestaticfinalStringUSER="root";privatestaticfinalStringPASSWORD="123456";

publicstaticConnectiongetConnection()throwsSQLException{returnDriverManager.getConnection(URL,USER,PASSWORD);}}```

4.2讀者管理模塊（ReaderDAO.java）```javaimportjava.sql.Connection;importjava.sql.PreparedStatement;importjava.sql.ResultSet;importjava.sql.SQLException;importjava.util.ArrayList;importjava.util.List;

publicclassReaderDAO{publicvoidaddReader(Readerreader)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="INSERTINTOreader(reader_name,reader_contact)VALUES(?,?)";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setString(1,reader.getReaderName());pstmt.setString(2,reader.getReaderContact());pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicvoidupdateReader(Readerreader)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="UPDATEreaderSETreader_name=?,reader_contact=?WHEREreader_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setString(1,reader.getReaderName());pstmt.setString(2,reader.getReaderContact());pstmt.setInt(3,reader.getReaderId());pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicvoiddeleteReader(intreaderId)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="DELETEFROMreaderWHEREreader_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,readerId);pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicList<Reader>getAllReaders()throwsSQLException{List<Reader>readers=newArrayList<>();Stringsql="SELECT*FROMreader";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){while(rs.next()){Readerreader=newReader();reader.setReaderId(rs.getInt("reader_id"));reader.setReaderName(rs.getString("reader_name"));reader.setReaderContact(rs.getString("reader_contact"));readers.add(reader);}}returnreaders;}

publicReadergetReaderById(intreaderId)throwsSQLException{Readerreader=null;Stringsql="SELECT*FROMreaderWHEREreader_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,readerId);try(ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){if(rs.next()){reader=newReader();reader.setReaderId(rs.getInt("reader_id"));reader.setReaderName(rs.getString("reader_name"));reader.setReaderContact(rs.getString("reader_contact"));}}}returnreader;}}```

4.3圖書管理模塊（BookDAO.java）```javaimportjava.sql.Connection;importjava.sql.PreparedStatement;importjava.sql.ResultSet;importjava.sql.SQLException;importjava.util.ArrayList;importjava.util.List;

publicclassBookDAO{publicvoidaddBook(Bookbook)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="INSERTINTObook(book_name,book_author,book_publisher,book_publish_date,book_stock)VALUES(?,?,?,?,?)";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setString(1,book.getBookName());pstmt.setString(2,book.getBookAuthor());pstmt.setString(3,book.getBookPublisher());pstmt.setDate(4,newjava.sql.Date(book.getBookPublishDate().getTime()));pstmt.setInt(5,book.getBookStock());pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicvoidupdateBook(Bookbook)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="UPDATEbookSETbook_name=?,book_author=?,book_publisher=?,book_publish_date=?,book_stock=?WHEREbook_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setString(1,book.getBookName());pstmt.setString(2,book.getBookAuthor());pstmt.setString(3,book.getBookPublisher());pstmt.setDate(4,newjava.sql.Date(book.getBookPublishDate().getTime()));pstmt.setInt(5,book.getBookStock());pstmt.setInt(6,book.getBookId());pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicvoiddeleteBook(intbookId)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="DELETEFROMbookWHEREbook_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,bookId);pstmt.executeUpdate();}}

publicList<Book>getAllBooks()throwsSQLException{List<Book>books=newArrayList<>();Stringsql="SELECT*FROMbook";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){while(rs.next()){Bookbook=newBook();book.setBookId(rs.getInt("book_id"));book.setBookName(rs.getString("book_name"));book.setBookAuthor(rs.getString("book_author"));book.setBookPublisher(rs.getString("book_publisher"));book.setBookPublishDate(rs.getDate("book_publish_date"));book.setBookStock(rs.getInt("book_stock"));books.add(book);}}returnbooks;}

publicBookgetBookById(intbookId)throwsSQLException{Bookbook=null;Stringsql="SELECT*FROMbookWHEREbook_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,bookId);try(ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){if(rs.next()){book=newBook();book.setBookId(rs.getInt("book_id"));book.setBookName(rs.getString("book_name"));book.setBookAuthor(rs.getString("book_author"));book.setBookPublisher(rs.getString("book_publisher"));book.setBookPublishDate(rs.getDate("book_publish_date"));book.setBookStock(rs.getInt("book_stock"));}}}returnbook;}}```

4.4借閱管理模塊（BorrowDAO.java）```javaimportjava.sql.Connection;importjava.sql.PreparedStatement;importjava.sql.ResultSet;importjava.sql.SQLException;importjava.util.ArrayList;importjava.util.Date;importjava.util.List;

publicclassBorrowDAO{publicvoidborrowBook(intreaderId,intbookId)throwsSQLException{Datenow=newDate();Stringsql="INSERTINTOborrow(reader_id,book_id,borrow_date,return_date)VALUES(?,?,?,?)";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,readerId);pstmt.setInt(2,bookId);pstmt.setDate(3,newjava.sql.Date(now.getTime()));//假設應還日期為借閱日期后15天DatereturnDate=newDate(now.getTime()+15*24*60*60*1000);pstmt.setDate(4,newjava.sql.Date(returnDate.getTime()));pstmt.executeUpdate();//更新圖書庫存BookDAObookDAO=newBookDAO();Bookbook=bookDAO.getBookById(bookId);book.setBookStock(book.getBookStock()-1);bookDAO.updateBook(book);}}

publicvoidreturnBook(intborrowId)throwsSQLException{Stringsql="UPDATEborrowSETreturn_date=?WHEREborrow_id=?";Datenow=newDate();try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setDate(1,newjava.sql.Date(now.getTime()));pstmt.setInt(2,borrowId);pstmt.executeUpdate();//獲取借閱信息Borrowborrow=getBorrowById(borrowId);//更新圖書庫存BookDAObookDAO=newBookDAO();Bookbook=bookDAO.getBookById(borrow.getBookId());book.setBookStock(book.getBookStock()+1);bookDAO.updateBook(book);}}

publicList<Borrow>getAllBorrows()throwsSQLException{List<Borrow>borrows=newArrayList<>();Stringsql="SELECT*FROMborrow";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){while(rs.next()){Borrowborrow=newBorrow();borrow.setBorrowId(rs.getInt("borrow_id"));borrow.setReaderId(rs.getInt("reader_id"));borrow.setBookId(rs.getInt("book_id"));borrow.setBorrowDate(rs.getDate("borrow_date"));borrow.setReturnDate(rs.getDate("return_date"));borrows.add(borrow);}}returnborrows;}

publicBorrowgetBorrowById(intborrowId)throwsSQLException{Borrowborrow=null;Stringsql="SELECT*FROMborrowWHEREborrow_id=?";try(Connectionconn=DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatementpstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql)){pstmt.setInt(1,borrowId);try(ResultSetrs=pstmt.executeQuery()){if(rs.next()){borrow=newBorrow();borrow.setBorrowId(rs.getInt("borrow_id"));borrow.setReaderId(rs.getInt("reader_id"));borrow.setBookId(rs.getInt("book_id"));borrow.setBorrowDate(rs.getDate("borrow_date"));borrow.setReturnDate(rs.getDate("return_date"));}}}returnborrow;}}```

4.5查詢模塊（QueryService.java）```javaimportjava.sql.SQLException;importjava.util.List;

publicclassQueryService{privateReaderDAOreaderDAO=newReaderDAO();privateBookDAObookDAO=newBookDAO();privateBorrowDAOborrowDAO=newBorrowDAO();

publicList<Reader>queryReaders(Stringkeyword)throwsSQLException{if(keyword==null||keyword.isEmpty()){returnreaderDAO.getAllReaders();}else{List<Reader>readers=newArrayList<>();List<Reader>allReaders=readerDAO.getAllReaders();for(Readerreader:allReaders){if(reader.getReaderName().contains(keyword)||reader.getReaderContact().contains(keyword)||String.valueOf(reader.getReaderId()).contains(keyword)){readers.add(reader);}}returnreaders;}}

publicList<Book>queryBooks(Stringkeyword)throwsSQLException{if(keyword==null||keyword.isEmpty()){returnbookDAO.getAllBooks();}else{List<Book>books=newArrayList<>();List<Book>allBooks=bookDAO.getAllBooks();for(Bookbook:allBooks){if(book.getBookName().contains(keyword)||book.getBookAuthor().contains(keyword)||book.getBookPublisher().contains(keyword)||String.valueOf(book.getBookId()).contains(keyword)){books.add(book);}}returnbooks;}}

publicList<Borrow>q