附錄常用解剖詞匯

1、頭顱解剖

顱骨cranialbone

外板outerplate

內板innerplate

板障diploe

腦膜中動脈溝middlemeningealarterygroove

靜脈溝venousgroove

顱縫cranialsuture

額縫frontalsuture

冠狀縫coronalsuture

人字縫lambdoidsuture

矢狀縫sagittalsuture

潁頂縫temporoparietalsuture

而岡anteriorfontanelle

后囪posteriorfontanelle

顱前窩anteriorcranialfossa

顱中窩middlecranialfossa

顱后窩posteriorcranialfossa

篩板cribriformplate

視神經管opticcanal

眶上裂superiororbitalfissure

蝶崎sphenoidalcrest

蝶骨大翼greaterwingofsphenoid

蝶骨小翼lesserwingofsphenoid

碟鞍sellaturcica

前床突anteriorclinoidprocess

后床突posteriorclinoidprocess

鞍結節(jié)tuberculumsellae

鞍背dorsumsellae

垂體pituitarygland

垂體柄pituitarystalk

垂體窩hypophysealfossa

鞍膈diaphragmsellae

破裂孔foramenlacerum

圓孔foramenrotundum

卵圓孔foramenovale

棘孔foramenspinosum

斜坡clivus

乳突mastoidprocess

巖骨尖petrousapex

內聽道internalauditorycanal

頸靜脈孔jugularforamen

枕內隆突internaloccipitalprotuberance

枕外隆突externaloccipitalprotuberance

枕大孔foramenmagnum

腦脊膜meninges

硬腦膜cerebralduramater

蛛網膜cerebralarachnoidmater

軟腦膜cerebralpiamatter

大腦鐮cerebralfalx

小腦鐮cerebellarfalx

硬膜外隙epiduralspace

硬膜下隙subduralsoace

蛛網膜下隙subarachnoidspace

側裂池cisternofsylvius

四疊體池quadrigeminalcistern

腳間池interpeduncularcistern

鞍上池suprasellarcistern

橋池pontinecistern

小腦上池supracerebellarcistern

小腦延髓池cerebellomedullarycistern

枕大池cisternamagna

蛛網膜顆粒arachnoidgranulations

脈絡叢choroidplexus

腦脊液cerebrospinalfluid

大腦cerebrum

大腦半球cerebralhemisphere

大腦皮質cerebralcortex

大腦髓質cerebralmedulla

腦回gyrus

腦溝sulcus

縱裂longitudinalfissure

側裂sylvianfissure

額葉frontallobe

額極frontalpole

頂葉parietallobe

枕葉occipitallobe

穎葉temporallobe

島葉insularlobe

海馬hippocampus

嗅腦rhinencephalon

臍月氐體corpuscallosum

月并服體任部spleniumofcorpuscallosum

肌臟體干trunkofcorpuscallosum

月并版體膝部genuofcorpuscallosum

肌版體嘴部rostrumofcorpuscallosum

月并版體輻射radiationofcorpuscallosum

基底核basalnuclei

紋狀體corpusstriatum

尾狀核caudatenucleus

尾狀核頭部headofcaudatenucleus

尾狀核體部bodyofcaudatenucleus

尾狀核尾部tailofcaudatenucleus

豆狀核lentiformnucleus

殼核putamen

蒼白球globuspallidus

屏狀核claustrum

杏仁體amygdaloidbody

外囊externalcapsule

內囊internalcapsule

內囊前肢anteriorlimbofinternalcapsule

內囊膝genuofinternalcapsule

內囊后肢posteriorlimbofinternalcapsule

間腦diencephalon

背側丘腦dorsalthalamus

上丘腦epithalamus

下丘腦hypothalamus

腦干brainstem

中腦midbrain

大腦腳cerebralpeduncle

腳間窩interpeduncularfossa

橋腦pons

小腦橋腦角cerebellopontineangle

黑質substantianigra

紅核rednucleus

延髓medullaoblongata

小腦cerebellum

小腦半球cerebellarhemisphere

小腦蚓vermis

小腦扁桃體tonsilofcerebellum

齒狀核dentatenucleus

小腦腳cerebellarpeduncle

腦室ventricle

側腦室lateralventricle

側腦室中央部centralpartoflateralventricle

側腦室前角anteriorhornoflateralventricle

側腦室后角posteriorhornoflateralventricle

側腦室下角inferiorhornoflaterialventricle

孟氏孔foramenofMonro

透明隔septumpellucidum

第三腦室thirdventricle

視隱窩opticrecess

漏斗隱窩infundibularrecess

松果體pinealbody

松果體上隱窩pinealrecess

第四腦室fourthventricle

第四腦室正中孔medianapertureoffourthventricle

第四腦室外側孔lateralapertureoffourthventricle

視交叉opticchiasma

視束optictrack

乳頭體mamillarybody

漏斗infundibulum

導水管aqueduct

腦神經cranialnerves

嗅神經olfactorynerve

視神經opticnerve

動眼神經oculomotornerve

滑車神經trochlearnerve

三叉神經trigeminalnerve

展神經abducentnerve

面神經facialnerve

前庭蝸神經vestibulocochlearnerve

舌咽神經glossopharyngealnerve

迷走神經vagusnerve

副神經accessorynerve

舌下神經hypoglossalnerve

頸總動脈commoncarotidartery

頸動脈竇carotidsinus

頸動脈分杈carotidbifurcation

頸外動脈externalcarotidartery

甲狀腺上動脈superiorthyroidartery

咽升動脈ascendingpharyngealartery

腦膜后動脈posteriormeningealartery

舌動脈lingualartery

面動脈facialartery

刻下動脈submentalartery

枕動脈occipitalartery

腦膜支meningealbranch

潁淺動脈superficialtemporalartery

上頜動脈maxillaryartery

腦膜中動脈middlemeningealartery

頸內動脈internalcarotidartery

海綿竇部cavernouspart

海綿竇支branchofcavernoussinus

腦膜垂體干meningohypophysialtrunk

眼動脈ophthalmicartery

腦膜返之recurrentmeningealbranch

眼上動脈supraorbitalartery

腦膜前支anteriormeningealbranch

后交通動脈posteriorcommunicatingartery

脈絡叢前動脈anteriorchoroidalartery

大腦前動脈anteriorcerebralartery

前交通動脈anteriorcommunicatingartery

額支frontalbranch

交通后部（脫周動脈）postcommunicatingpart

脫肌體緣動脈callosomarginalartery

頂枕動脈parietooccipitalartery

大腦中動脈middlecerebralartery

潁極動脈temporalispolarisartery

潁葉前動脈anteriortemporalartery

潁葉中動脈middletemporalartery

潁葉后動脈posteriortemporalartery

頂葉后動脈posteriorparietalartery

角回動脈arteryofangulrgyrus

額頂升支fronto-parietalartery

椎動脈vertebralartery

大腦動脈環(huán)cerebralarterialcircle

基底動脈basilarartery

小腦下后動脈posteriorinferiorcerebellarartery

小腦下前動脈anteriorinferiorcerebralartery

小腦上動脈superiorcerebellarartery

小腦后動脈inferiorcerebellarartery

后內側中央動脈posteromedialcentralarteries

脈絡叢后支posteriorchoroidalbranch

后外側中央動脈posterolateralcentralarteries

枕葉外側動脈lateraloccipitalartery

枕葉內側動脈medialoccipitalartery

頸內靜脈internaljugularvein

頸外靜脈externaljugularvein

腦膜靜脈meningealvein

題淺靜脈superficialtemporalvein

面橫靜脈facialtransversevein

上頜靜脈maxillaryveins

翼靜脈叢pteryvenousplexus

腦膜中靜脈middlemeningealveins

硬腦膜竇sinusesofduramater

上矢狀竇superiorsagittalsinus

下矢狀竇inferiorsagittalsinus

直竇straightsinus

橫竇transversesinus

竇匯confluenceofsinus

枕竇occipitalsinus

乙狀竇sigmoidsinus

巖下竇inferiorpetrosalsinus

巖上竇superiorpetrosalsinus

海綿竇cavernoussinus

蝶頂竇sphnoparietalsinus

大腦靜脈cerebralveins

大腦淺靜脈superficialcerebralvein

大腦下靜脈inferiorcerebralvein

大腦深靜脈deepcerebralveins

基底靜脈basalvein

大腦大靜脈greatcerebralvein

大腦內靜脈internalcerebralvein

小腦靜脈cerebellarvein

蚓下靜脈inferiorveinofvermis

蚓上靜脈superiorveinofvermis

小腦上靜脈superiorcerebellarvein

小腦下靜脈inferiorcerebellarvein

小腦中央前靜脈precentralcerebellarvein

巖部靜脈petrosalvein

額肌frontalis

潁肌temporalis

枕額肌occipitofrontalis

頭半棘肌semispinaliscapitis

頭夾肌spleniuscapitis

頭皮scalp

2、胸部解剖

胸廓thoraciccage

椎骨vertebrae

肩胛骨scapula

鎖骨clavicle

肋骨costalbone

肋軟骨costalcartilage

肋間隙intercostalspace

胸骨sternum

胸骨柄manubriumsterni

胸骨體bodyofsternum

劍突xiphoidprocess

胸鎖關節(jié)sternoclavicularjoint

肩關節(jié)shoulderjoint

肋椎關節(jié)costovertebraljoints

乳房mamma

肺尖apexoflung

肺門hilumoflung

肺野l(fā)ungfield

肺實質lungparenchyma

肺紋理lungmarkings

葉間裂interlobarfissure

斜裂obliquefissure

水平裂horizontalfissure

肺葉pulmonarylobe

上葉superiorlobe

中葉middlelobe

下葉inferiorlobe

舌葉lingularlobe

尖后段apicoposteriorsegment

前段anteriorsegment

后段posteriorsegment

背段dorsalsegment

前基底段anteriorbasalsegment

后基底段posteriorbasalsegment

外側基底段lateralbasalsegment

內側基底段medialbasalsegment

氣管trachea

支氣管bronchi

細支氣管bronchioles

氣管隆突carinaoftrachea

氣管杈bifurcationoftrachea

淋巴結lymphnode

氣管旁淋巴結paratracheallymphnode

氣管支氣管旁淋巴結tracheobronchiallymphnode

隆突下淋巴結subcarinallymphnode

臟胸膜visceralpleura

壁胸膜parietalpleura

胸膜腔pleuralcavity

膈diaphragm

肋膈角costophrenicangle

縱隔mediastinum

甲狀腺thyroidgland

胸腺thymus

奇靜脈azygosvein

半奇靜脈hemiazygosvein

副半奇靜脈accessoryhemiazygosvein

升主動脈ascendingaorta

降主動脈descendingaorta

主動脈弓aorticarch

頭臂干brachiocephalictrunk

胸主動脈thoracicaorta

鎖骨下動脈subclavianartery

腋動脈axillaryartery

肋間動脈intercostalartery

肺動脈pulmonaryartery

肺動脈干pulmonarytrunk

肺動脈瓣valveofpulmonarytrunk

肺動脈圓錐pulmonaryconusarteriosus

支氣管動脈bronchialartery

胸廓內動脈internalthoracicartery

頭臂靜脈brachiocephalicvein

頭靜脈cephalicvein

上腔靜脈superiorvenacava

下腔靜脈inferiorvenacava

腋靜脈axillaryvein

胸廓內靜脈internalthoracicvein

胸導管thoracicduct

垂位心longnarrowheart

球形心obliqueglobularheart

橫位心transverseheart

心耳auricleofheart

心房cardiacatrium

心室cardiacventricle

心尖cardiacapex

心包pericardium

心膈角cardio-phrenicangle

主動脈窗aorticwindow

房間隔interatrialseptum

室間隔interventricularseptum

二尖瓣mitralvalve

三尖瓣tricuspidvalve

主動脈瓣aorticvalve

冠狀動脈coronalartery

心肌myocardium

胸大肌pectoralismajor

胸小肌pectoralisminor

肩胛下肌subscapularis

背闊肌latissimusdorsi

斜方肌trapezius

3、腹部解剖

食管esophagus

食管頸段cervicalsegmentofesophagus

食管胸段thoracicsegmentofesophagus

食管腹段abdominalsegmentofesophagus

田

stomach

胃前壁anteriorwallofstomach

國F曲

posteriorwallofstomach

胃大彎greatercurvatureofstomach

胃小彎lessercurvatureofstomach

胃角切跡angularincisure

賁門cardia

胃底fundusofstomach

胃體bodyofstomach

幽門pylorus

幽門管pyloriccanal

粘膜mucousmembrane

粘膜下層submucouslayer

肌層muscularlayer

漿膜serousmembrane

胃小區(qū)gastricareas

胃小溝gastricgroove

小腸smallintestine

十二指腸duodenum

十二指腸上部，球部superiorpartofduodenum

十二指腸降部descendingpartofduodenum

十二指腸水平部horizontalpartofduodenum

十二指腸升部ascendingpartofduodenum

十二指腸空腸曲duodenojejunalflexure

十二指腸縱裳longitudinalfoldofduodenum

十二指腸乳頭duodenalpapilla

空腸jejunum

回腸ileum

大腸largeintestine

盲腸cecum

回盲瓣ileocecalvalve

闌尾vermiformappendix

結腸colon

升結腸ascendingcolon

橫結腸transversecolon

降結腸descendingcolon

乙狀結腸sigmoidcolon

結腸右曲rightflexureofcolon

結腸左曲leftflexureofcolon

結腸袋haustraofcolon

直腸rectum

直腸壺腹ampullaofrectum

肛門anus

腸系膜mesentery

腹膜peritoneum

腹腔peritonealcavity

腹主動脈abdominalaorta

腹腔干celiactrunk

胃左動脈leftgastricartery

胃十二指腸動脈gastroduodenalartery

胰十二指腸上動脈superiorpancreaticoduodenalartery

胃網膜動脈gastroepiploicartery

胃短動脈shortgastricantery

腸系膜上動脈superiormesentericartery

腸系膜下動脈inferiormesentericartery

空腸動脈jejunalartery

回腸動脈ilealartery

回結腸動脈ileocolicartery

盲腸動脈cecalartery

闌尾動脈appendicularartery

右結腸動脈rightcolicartery

中結腸動脈middlecolicartery

左結腸動脈leftcolicartery

乙狀結腸動脈sigmoidarteries

直腸上動脈superiorrectalartery

胃網膜靜脈gastroepiploicvein

胰十二指腸靜脈pancreaticoduodenalvein

腸系膜上靜脈superiormesenericvein

空腸靜脈jejunalvein

回腸靜脈ilealvein

回結腸靜脈ileocolicvein

右結腸靜脈rightcolicvein

闌尾靜脈appendicularvein

直腸上靜脈superiorrectalvein

肝臟liver

肝門portahepatis

肝臟右葉rightlobeofliver

肝臟左葉leftlobeofliver

外側段lateralsegment

內側段medialsegment

前段anteriorsegment

后段posteriorsegment

方葉quadratelobe

尾葉caudatelobe

鐮狀韌帶falciformligamentofliver

肝圓韌帶ligamentumtereshepatic

肝總動脈commonhepaticartery

肝固有動脈properhepaticartery

肝右動脈righthepaticartery

肝左動脈lefthepaticartery

肝靜脈hepaticveins

肝門靜脈hepaticportalvein

膽囊gallbladder

膽囊窩fossaforgallbladder

膽囊管cysticduct

膽管bileduct

膽總管commonbileduct

肝外膽管extrahepaticbileduct

肝胰壺腹hepatopancreaticampulla

十二指腸乳頭duodenalpapilla

肝胰壺腹括約肌sphincterofhepatopancreaticampulla

胰頭headofpancreas

胰體bodyofpancreas

胰尾tailofpancreas

鉤突uncinateprocess

胰管pancreaticduct

脾臟spleen

脾門hilumofspleen

脾動脈splenicartery

脾靜脈splenicvein

腎臟kidney

腎門renalhilum

腎竇renalsinus

腎皮質renalcortex

腎髓質renalmedulla

腎錐體renalpyramids

腎乳頭renalpapilla

腎柱renalcolumns

腎盂renalpelvis

腎盞renalcalyx

腎周脂肪組織perirenaladiposetissue

腎筋膜renalfascia

Gerota筋膜Gerota'sfascia

腎動脈renalartery

葉間動脈interloberartery

腎靜脈renalvein

葉間靜脈interlobervein

輸尿管ureter

膀胱urinarybladder

膀胱尖apexofbladder

膀胱體bodyofbladder

膀胱底fundusofbladder

膀胱頸neckofbladder

輸尿管口uretericorifice

尿道內口internalurethralorifice

前列腺prostate

陰莖penis

尿道urethra

尿道前列腺段prostaticsegmentofurethra

尿道膜部membranouspartofurethra

尿道海綿體部cavernouspartofurethra

腎上腺adrenalgland

腎上腺皮質cortexofadrenalgland

腎上腺髓質medullaofadrenalgland

睪丸testis

睪丸鞘膜tunicavaginolisoftestis

附睪epididymis

附睪頭headofepididymis

附睪管ductofepididymis

附睪體bodyofepididymis

射精管ejaculatoryduct

輸精管ductusdeferens

精囊seminalvesicle

精索spermaticcord

卵巢ovary

輸卵管uterinetube

子宮uterus

子宮體bodyofuterus

子宮腔cavityofuterus

子宮內膜endometrium

子宮頸neckofuterus

子宮頸管canalofcervixofuterus

陰道vagina

子宮圓韌帶roundligamentofuterus

子宮闊韌帶broadligamentofuterus

直腸子宮陷凹Douglaspouch

子宮靜脈叢uterinevenousplexus

子宮陰道靜脈叢uterovaginalvenousplexus

陰道靜脈叢vaginalvenousplexus

骼總動脈commoniliacartery

骼腰動脈iliolumbarartery

骼外動脈externaliliacartery

骼內動脈internaliliacartery

腹直肌rectusabdominis

豎脊肌erectorspinae

腰大肌psoasmajor

腰方肌quadratuslumborum

閉孔內肌obturatorexternus

閉孔外肌obturatorinternus

恥骨肌pectineus

臀大肌gluteusmaximus

臀中肌gluteusmedimus

臀小肌gluteusminimus

骼腰肌iliopsoas

4、四肢解剖

上肢upperlimb

肩shoulder

肩胛岡spineofscapula

肩峰acromion

下角inferiorangle

關節(jié)盂glenoidcavity

喙突coracoidprocess

肱骨humerus

解剖頸anatomicalneck

外科頸surgicalneck

大結節(jié)greatertubercle

小結節(jié)lessertubercle

牌condyle

小頭capitulum

滑車trochlea

鷹嘴窩olecranonfossa

內上牌medialepicondyle

外上牌lateralepicondile

肘elbow

樓骨radius

莖突styloidprocess

尺骨ulna

切跡notch

腕骨carpus

手舟骨scaphoidbone

月骨lunatebone

三角骨triquetralbone

豌豆骨pisiformbone

大多角骨trapeziumbone

小多角骨trapezoidbone

頭狀骨capitatebone

鉤骨hamatebone

手掌palmofhand

掌骨metacarpalbone

掌骨體shaftofmetacarpalbone

掌骨底baseofmetacarpalbone

掌骨頭headofmetacarpalbone

指骨phalangesoffingers

近節(jié)指骨proximalphalanx

遠節(jié)指骨distalphalanx

中節(jié)指骨middlephalanx

籽骨sesamoidbone

下肢lowerlimb

舐骨sacrum

舐孔sacralforamina

尾骨coccyx

骼骨ilium

骼骨翼alaofilium

坐骨支ramusofischium

坐骨體bodyofischium

恥骨pubis

恥骨聯(lián)合pubicsymphysis

閉孔obturatorforamen

hip

酸臼acetabulum

股骨femur

轉子間崎intertrochantericcrest

大轉子greatertrochanter

小轉子lessertrochanter

膝knee

脛骨tibia

黑間窩intercondylarfossa

黑間隆起intercondylareminence

脛骨結節(jié)tuberclesoftibia

骸骨patella

腓骨fibula

踝ankle

內踝medialmalleolus

外踝lateralmalleolus

足foot

距骨talus

跟骨calcaneu