非謂語動詞Patrcia用《甄嬛傳》學(xué)習(xí)：非謂語的基本形態(tài)Chapterone

一個宮廷（簡單句）內(nèi)，能有很多嬪妃（賓語、表語、定語、狀語……），但是只能有一個皇上（主語）和一個皇后（謂語*），其中不乏有想通過效仿皇后（謂語）博取關(guān)注的嬪妃，但她們無論長得多像，始終只能是非謂語動詞主語謂語*為方便理解，本課件中所有“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)句子中的系動詞也稱為謂語動詞除句子中有從句或邏輯連詞and,but,or等情況外，一個句子中僅有一個謂語動詞基本原理Iliketoeatapples.Sheissinging

now.ThebookwrittenbyYuhua

is

famous.例句tododoingdone假設(shè)你第一天進后宮當(dāng)差，得知拜見皇后和嬪妃的禮儀是不同的，你要如何分辨出謂語動詞才能保得住項上人頭？謂語動詞分辨方法①.跟在主語后直接發(fā)出的動作Shegave

meanappletomakemehappy.Lucas

opens

thewindoweveryday，dreamingofherarrival.謂語動詞分辨方法②.部分be動詞（amisarewaswere）Lihua

is

ahighschoolstudent.They

were

excitedaboutthestory謂語動詞分辨方法③.能夠體現(xiàn)句子時態(tài)的動詞Hehasbeen

ateacherforfiveyears.Chinasoon

willbecome

themostpowerfulcountryintheworld.謂語動詞分辨方法④.在句子中是原型的動詞IworkatatechnologycompanyTheyalwaysgotoschoolbybus謂語動詞分辨方法⑤.與情態(tài)動詞一起構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語結(jié)構(gòu)Icanfinish

my

workbefore5p.m.Theprojectshouldbecanceledimmediately.謂語動詞皇后謂語動詞皇后謂語動詞判斷依據(jù)——能體現(xiàn)句子的時態(tài)和語態(tài)序號時態(tài)謂語動詞形態(tài)相應(yīng)語態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時

2一般過去時

3一般將來時

4過去將來時

5現(xiàn)在進行時

6過去進行時

7現(xiàn)在完成時

8過去進行時

9現(xiàn)在完成進行時

10將來完成時

11情態(tài)動詞結(jié)構(gòu)

v-原形/

v-三單v-過去式will/begoingto+v-原形would/begoingto+v-原形am/is/are+v-ingwas/were+v-inghave/has+v-過去分詞had+v-過去分詞have/hasbeen+v-ingwill+have+v-過去分詞情態(tài)動詞+v-原形am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/begoingto+bedonewould/begoingto+bedoneam/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingdonehave/has+beendonehad+beendone無willhave+beendone情態(tài)動詞+bedone小試牛刀：找出以下句子中的謂語動詞1．Withaquickclick,youcankeepyourself_______(update)onallyourfavoritetopics2．TheAmberRoomwasatreasure________(decorate)withgoldandjewels.3．Hesentane-mailtohisteacher,________(convey)hisapologies.4．Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight,you’dbetterhavedrinks________(contain)nosugar.5．Theteacherremindedme________(turn)offthelightswhenIlefttheclassroom.后宮妃嬪（非謂語動詞）萬千，但實際不過三種：todo

doing

done非謂語動詞的基本形態(tài)被最好的姐妹背刺被皇帝當(dāng)做替身的done妃非謂語done主要用于表示被動或完成Builtbynumerousworkers,thebridge

isquitemagnificent.Theleaf

fallen

onthegroundindicatesthearrivalofautumn.大橋與修建之間為被動關(guān)系，因此用built樹葉已經(jīng)掉落在地上了，因此用fallen非謂語動詞的基本形態(tài)主動設(shè)局告發(fā)熹貴妃私通的doing妃非謂語doing主要用于表示主動、正在進行或伴隨I’mimpressedbythegirlreadingnexttome.Hesat

nearthefire,listening

thesoundofnature.Jessicasaw

mecrying

yesterday.女孩是主動讀書Jessica看見我的時候我正在哭他坐在火邊，伴隨聽著自然之聲非謂語動詞的基本形態(tài)壞事做盡只為了成為人上人的todo妃非謂語todo主要用于表示目的或?qū)鞹obecomeafamoussinger,hepracticessingingdayandnight.Todrivetotheofficewillbetoughbecauseofthetraffic.他日夜練習(xí)唱歌的目的是成為一個著名歌手由于交通問題，（尚未出發(fā)）開車到辦公室將會很困難①.表主動

Seeingherchanges,hermotheristouched.②.表進行

Heissittingnexttothewindow,doing

hishomework

③.表伴隨

Listeningtoherstory,Ican'thelpcrying.①.表被動Supportedbyhisfamily,hefinallyachievedhisdream.②.表完成Chinesepeopleprefertodrinkingboiledwater.①.表目的He

triedtoclimboverthewalltoescapefromtheprison②.表將來

Mysisteristogetmarriedsoon.010203非謂語的三種基本形態(tài)總結(jié)donedoingtodo選擇非謂語不同形態(tài)的依據(jù)：發(fā)出該非謂語動作的對象（邏輯主語）與該動詞之間的關(guān)系非謂語動詞與其所修飾詞之間的關(guān)系Seeingherchanges,hermotheristouched.Chinesepeopleprefertodrinkingboiledwater.①現(xiàn)在分詞解題思路：Helikestositaroundthefire,_______(read)somebooks.Step1:找出句子中的謂語動詞Step2：判斷發(fā)出該動作的對象與該動作之間的關(guān)系（主動？被動？目的？）主語謂語動詞發(fā)出的動作“他”主動讀書/他坐在火邊讀書（伴隨）readingWecanseemanyapples_________(hang)onthetree.主語謂語動詞情態(tài)動詞后的動詞原形我們看見的時候蘋果正掛在樹上，因此是進行hanging現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)做1.Therearelotsofkids__________(stand)infrontofthetoyshop.2.Hegavemeashoppinglist___________(include)someusefultools.standingincluding②過去分詞解題思路：_______(teach)byafamousteacher,shesuccessfullywenttothecollege.Step1:找出句子中的謂語動詞Step2：判斷發(fā)出該動作的對象與該動作之間的關(guān)系（主動？被動？目的？）主語謂語動詞發(fā)出的動作“她”和教之間為“被名師教”（被動）TaughtItwasabottle________(fill)upwithtoxicgas.謂語動詞體現(xiàn)句子時態(tài)/be動詞瓶子內(nèi)的有毒氣體是被人為充滿的（被動）filled現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)做1.__________(follow)bysomestudents,theprofessorcameoutofthelecturehall2.Weboughtahouse__________(decorate)withfancylights.FolloweddecoratedMyvolunteerjobis_________(give)outthefreefoodtothehomelesspeople③不定式解題思路：Peoplecomebackhomeonthisday___________(celebrate)thefestival.Step1:找出句子中的謂語動詞主語謂語動詞發(fā)出的動作Step2：判斷發(fā)出該動作的對象與該動作之間的關(guān)系（主動？被動？目的？）人們回家的目的是慶祝節(jié)日tocelebrate謂語動詞be動詞我的志愿工作是去分發(fā)食物（目的）togive現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)做1.Themachineisused_________(stir)themilkshake.2.Themainpurposeofthisprojectis__________(protect)thewildlifeofTibet.tostirtoprotect小試牛刀：完成句子1．Withaquickclick,youcankeepyourself_______(update)onallyourfavoritetopics2．TheAmberRoomwasatreasure________(decorate)withgoldandjewels.3．Hesentane-mailtohisteacher,________(convey)hisapologies.4．Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight,you’dbetterhavedrinks________(contain)nosugar.5．Theteacherremindedme________(turn)offthelightswhenIlefttheclassroom.updatingdecoratedtoconveycontainingtoturn現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)做1.Imetan___________(interest)passengerontheplane2.Tomytoldmea____________(surprise)newsaboutJustin.3.TheMathclassmakesme________(tire)allthetime.4.Iwillbemorethan__________(delight)ifyoucome.interestingsurprisingtireddelighted非謂語動詞固定搭配一、接不定式todo作賓語的動詞1.affordtodosth.負擔(dān)得起做某事2.asktodosth.要求做某事3.agreetodosth.同意做某事4.arrangetodosth.安排做某事5.begtodosth.請求做某事6.caretotodosth.想要做某事7.choosetodosth.選擇做某事8.decidetodosth.決定做某事9.demandtodosth.要求做某事10.determinetodosth.決心做某事11.expecttodosth.期待做某事12.feartodosth.害怕做某事13.helptodosth.幫助做某事14.hopetodosth.希望做某事15.learntodosth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事16.managetodosth.設(shè)法做某事17.offertodosth.主動提出做某事18.plantodosth.計劃做某事19.preparetodosth.準備做某事20.pretendtodosth.假裝做某事21.promisetodosth.承諾做某事22.refusetodosth.拒絕做某事23.wanttodosth.想要做某事24.wishtodosth.希望做某事25.aimtodosth.打算/旨在做某事26.failtodosth.失敗/未能做某事27.longtodosth.渴望做某事28.tendtodosth.傾向于做某事29.seektodosth.尋求做某事30.volunteertodosth.志愿做某事二、接動名詞doing作賓語的動詞1.admitdoingsth.承認做某事2.advisedoingsth.建議做某事3.allowdoingsth.允許做某事4.riskdoingsth.冒險做某事5.keepdoingsth.保持做某事6.understanddoingsth.理解做某事7.excusedoingsth.原諒做某事8.appreciatedoingsth.感激做某事9.delaydoingsth.推遲做某事10.enjoydoingsth.享受做某事11.practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事12.finishdoingsth.完成做某事13.imaginedoingsth.想象做某事14.suggestdoingsth.建議做某事15.avoiddoingsth.避免做某事16.escapedoingsth.逃避做某事17.missdoingsth.錯過做某事18.putoffdoingsth.延期做某事19.considerdoingsth.考慮做某事20.forgivedoingsth.原諒做某事21.minddoingsth.介意做某事22.permitdoingsth.允許做某事23.resistdoingsth.抵制做某事23.standdoingsth.忍受做某事24.giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事25.denydoingsth.否認做某事26.forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事27.mentiondoingsth.提到做某事28.prohibitdoingsth.禁止做某事29.fancydoingsth.設(shè)想做某事30.discussdoingsth.討論做某事

三、接doing和todo作賓語意思相同的動詞1.liketodo/doingsth.喜歡做某事2.lovetodo/doingsth.喜歡做某事3.hatetodo/doingsth.憎恨做某事4.prefertodo/doingsth.寧可做某事5.begintodo/doingsth.開始做某事6.starttodo/doingsth.開始做某事7.continuetodo/doingsth.繼續(xù)做某事8.can'tbeartodo/doingsth.不能忍受做某事9.bothertodo/doingsth.麻煩做某事10.intendtodo/doingsth.想要做某事11.attempttodo/doingsth.試圖做某事12.ceasetodo/doingsth.停止做某事四、接doing和todo作賓語意思不同的動詞1.remembertodosth.記得要做某事2.forgettodosth.忘記要做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事3.regrettodosth.遺憾要做某事4.trytodosth.設(shè)法要做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做過某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事5.meantodosth.打算做某事6.can'thelptodosth.不能幫助做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事7.goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事

goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做一直做的事

五、接不定式todo作賓語補足語的動詞1.advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事2.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事3.asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事4.bearsb.todosth.忍受某人做某事5.begsb.todosth.乞求某人做某事6.causesb.todosth.導(dǎo)致某人做某事7.commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事8.drivesb.todosth.驅(qū)使某人做某事9.electsb.todosth.選舉某人做某事10.encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事11.expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事12.forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事13.forcesb.todosth.強迫某人做某事14.getsb.todosth.使某人做某事15.hatesb.todosth.討厭某人做某事16.helpsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事17.intendsb.todosth.打算要某人做某事18.invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事19.1eavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事20.likesb.todosth.喜歡某人做某事21.meansb.todosth.打算要某人做某事22.needsb.todosth.需要某人做某事23.obligesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事24.ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事25.permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事26.persuadesb.todosth.說服某人做某事27.prefersb.todosth.寧愿某人做某事28.requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事29.remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事30.teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事31.tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事32.trainsb.todosth.訓(xùn)練某人做某事33.warnsb.todosth,警告某人做某事34.wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事35.troublesb.todosth.麻煩某人做某事36.wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事六、接doing作賓語補足語的動詞1.bringsb.doingsth.引起某人做某事2.catchsb.doingsth.碰上某人做某事3.discoversb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事4.findsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事5.getsb.doingsth.使某人做某事6.havesb.doingsth.使某人做某事7.hearsb.doingsth.聽見某人做某事8.keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事9.listentosb.doingsth.聽某人做某事10.lookatsb.doingsth.看著某人做某事11.noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人做某事12.observesb.doingsth.觀察到某人做某事13.preventsb.doingsth.阻止某人做某事14.seesb.doingsth.看見某人做某事15.watchsb.doingsth.觀看某人做某事

1．Itisawasteoftime

(wait)here.Hewon’tcometoday.

2．

(lie)onthebeachinsummercanmakeyourelaxed.

3．Youneedn'tbother

(come)tomyoffice.

4．Thefootballteam,

(consistof)22playersand3coaches,wassetupaboutthreeyearsago.5．Ourcomfortfoods

(vary)frompersontopersonhaveshapedourlives.6．When

(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods,farmerscanuselessfarmlandtoproducemore.7．Myteacherrecommended

(read)thebookbeforeseeingthemovie.8．Thecommittee

(establish)lastyearholdsameetingeverymonth.鞏固練習(xí)waitingLyingcoming/tocomeconsisting

ofvaryingequippedreadingestablished9．Don’tleavetheplants

(expose)tostrongsunlight.10．Thankstosmartphones,peoplenolongerneedtomakefirmplansaboutwhenandwhere

(meet).11．Whenyoufeel

(panic),you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.12．PekingOpera,

(date)backtothe18thcentury,isanationaltreasureofChina.13．Infrontofthenoisycrowd,Cynthiaraisedhervoicetomakeherself

(hear).14．Onmywaytoschool,Ihappenedtoseeanoldman

(lie)onthegroundandhelpedhimtohospital.15．Onlybymakinggreatefforts

(prevent)pollutioncantheproblembesolved.16．Mygrandfatherisgoodat

(tell)stories.exposedtomeetpanickeddatingheardlyingtopreventtelling17．Anxioustomakeittotheschoolbasketballteam,Stevekeepshisenergy

(focus)onhistraining.18．Theexhibitionfeaturesmorethan200works

(select)fromthe18,000senttothecontest.19．

(devote)herselftoherwork,TuYouyoumadealotofachievements.20．Susanrepeatedthreeimportantpointsinherspeech,

(stress)whatmakesagoodspeaker.21．

(develop)asenseofadventurehelpsuslivelifetoitsfullest.22．

(compare)withteamsports,individualsportslikeswimmingrequiremoreself-discipline.23．

(cover)withthicksnow,themountainslooklikeasilverworld.24．Doctorssayweshouldhaveoureyes

(test)everyyear.focusedselectedDevotingstressingDevelopingComparedCoveredtested25．Astudy

(involve)long-distancerunnersisbeingdoneattheMedicalCenter.26．

(base)onatruestory,thefilmwillbecomeahitassoonasitisreleased.27．HiswifetakeshimtoseeLionelLogue,anAustralianspeechdoctor

(live)inLondon.28．Aterriblefirebrokeoutlastnight,

(leave)manybuildingsseriouslydamaged.29．Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,

(range)fromgiraffestoparrots.30．Thereisatendencyformostofustopostpone

(complete)thetasksallocated.31．Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopractise

(play)thepiano.32．Thepurposeofeducationis

(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.involvingBasedlivingleavingrangingcompletingplayingto

develop33．Shesteppedovertotheothersidetoavoid

(meet)him.34．

(enjoy)agrandersight,youmustclimbtoagreaterheight.35．Studentsarelikely

(improve)theirgradesiftheystudyconsistentlyandaskquestionsinclass.36．Withthebuilding

(destroy),themansearchedforhissondesperately.37．YoucanturntoSherrysinceshehappened

(take)thecourselastterm.38．Atlast,people

(trap)inthecollapsedbuildingwererescued.39．Wehopeyourproposalwillcontributeto

(solve)theproblem.40．Thefourcountriesusethesameflag,

(know)astheUnionJack.meetingToenjoytoimprovedestroyedtotaketrappedsolvingknown非謂語動詞可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞址侵^語形式主語賓語表語定語狀語賓補todo??????doing????

done

????①判斷下列todo結(jié)構(gòu)所作的句子成分1.Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisvery

hard.

學(xué)好一門外語很難。

2.Mygoalistobeascientist.

我的目標就是當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。

3.Peopleloveto

talkaboutthemselves.

人們喜歡談?wù)撍麄冏约骸?/p>

4.I

makeitaruletodoshadow

boxing

everymorning.

我養(yǎng)成了每天早上打太極拳的習(xí)慣。

5.I

feelitnecessarytokeepanelectronicdictionaryathand.

我感覺手頭帶著一部電子詞典很有必要。

主語表語賓語賓語賓語①判斷下列todo結(jié)構(gòu)所作的句子成分6.Weallexpectyoutocomethisweek-end.我們都期望你這個周末來。

7.Weimaginehimtobeahero.我們認為他是一個英雄。

8.

Shehasalotofworktodo.她有很多工作要做。

9.Theoldmanislookingforaquietplace

tolive.那位老人正在找一個僻靜的地方住。

10.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicals

tokeepinsectsaway.一些植物發(fā)出有味的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來趕走昆蟲。

賓補賓補定語定語

狀語②判斷下列done結(jié)構(gòu)所作的句子成分1.Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.你會一整天都感到精力充沛。

2.Beforetherewasthewritten

word,

therewasthelanguage

ofdance.在有書寫文字之前,就有了舞蹈語言。

3.United,westand;divided,we

fall.合則立,分必垮。

4.Laughedat,theboywasupset.因為被嘲笑,這個男孩不高興。

5.I

haveneverheardthis

songsunginEnglish.我從來沒有聽到這首歌用英語唱過。

表語定語條件狀語原因狀語賓補③判斷下列doing結(jié)構(gòu)所作的句子成分1.Walkingat

night-timeisagreatwaytostep

outofyourcomfortzone.夜間散步是走出舒適區(qū)的好方法。

2.It'snousearguingwithhim.跟他爭論沒用。

3.Myfavoritesportisswimming.我最喜歡的運動是游泳。

4.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.我期望不久收到你的來信。

5.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.他從沒有停止工作,從來沒退休。6.TherewefoundhimwatchingTV.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他在那兒看電視。7.Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我聽見有人在敲門。主語主語表語賓語賓語賓補賓補非謂語的常見變形Chaptertwo如何用非謂語同時表達進行和被動甚至更多情況?donedoingtodoThebuilding__________________(build)nowisournewgym.buildingbuilt基本原理為了實現(xiàn)非謂語的變形，我們需要借助三個謂語結(jié)構(gòu)的力量進行加法或合并：bedoing正在進行時havedone過去完成時bedone被動語態(tài)123例如非謂語需要同時表達被動和進行時done

被動、完成doing主動、伴隨、進行todo目的、將來bedone+doing=beingdone合并變化規(guī)則基本形態(tài)語態(tài)一般（原型）進行完成done被動doing主動被動todo主動被動donedoinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonetodotobedoingtohavedonetobedonetohavebeendone無無無無無1.Greatlyencouraged,wemadeupourmindtogoonwiththetraining．

由于受到了很大的鼓舞,我們決心繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練下去.2.Walkingalongthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.

我在街上走著的時候，遇到了一位老朋友。3.Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

正在討論的問題非常重要。找出下列非謂語動詞并思考使用原因被動主動非謂語動作正在被做4.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplaywithhisfriends.

完成作業(yè)后，他出去和朋友們玩了.5.Havingbeentestedseveraltimes,thenewsoftwareisnowreadyforrelease.

經(jīng)過多次測試，這款新軟件現(xiàn)已準備好發(fā)布。

找出下列非謂語動詞并思考使用原因非謂語動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前且表主動非謂語動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前且表被動6.She

got

up

early

to

catch

the

first

bus.她早起是為了趕上第一班公交車。7.Therearemanytaskstobedonebeforetheexhibitionopens.

展覽開幕前還有許多任務(wù)要完成。8.Ihappenedtobedoingmyhomeworkwhenmyfriendcalled.

我朋友打電話來時，我碰巧正在做作業(yè)。找出下列非謂語動詞并思考使用原因表目的還未發(fā)生但將要被做的動作非謂語動作和謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生找出下列非謂語動詞并思考使用原因9.I'm

glad

to

have

finished

the

project

on

time.我很高興按時完成了這個項目。10.Thecarseemstohavebeendoneupthoroughly,lookingbrand-newnow.

這輛車似乎已經(jīng)被徹底整修過，現(xiàn)在看起來煥然一新。非謂語動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前且表主動非謂語動作在謂語動詞之前已經(jīng)被完成Thebuilding__________________(build)nowisournewgym.解題思路Step1:找出句子中的謂語動詞Step2：判斷發(fā)出該動作的對象與該動作之間的關(guān)系（主動？被動？目的？）Step3：確定非謂語動詞發(fā)生的邏輯時間（現(xiàn)在？完成？）beingbuilt小試牛刀：完成句子1．_________________(study)psychologyforfiveyears,hefinallybecomesamentalhealthdoctor.2.Bythistimetomorrow,Ihope_________________(finish)mypaper.3．Thesurvey_____________________(conduct)forthreeyearsfinallyhaveitsconclusion4．Hepretended_________________________(sleep)whenIwalkedintheroom.Havingstudiedtohavefinishedhavingbeenconductedtobesleeping1．Hepretended