Unit4HistoryandTraditionsDiscoveringusefulstructure

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)PastParticipleasAttribute&theObjectComplement定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)V-ed(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞),在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

過(guò)去分詞的2大用法注意過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置acloseddoorabrokenwindowapollutedriver

alightedcandle一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭ausedstamp一枚用過(guò)的郵票一個(gè)醉鬼adrunken/drunkmantiredorganizeddressed單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),常前置過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),常后置,可與定從換注意事項(xiàng)：①修飾詞是復(fù)合單詞(指示代詞),單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞也后置；②left,gained,concerned,questioned習(xí)慣后置,表強(qiáng)調(diào)；③復(fù)合形容詞可前置:anewly-builthouse過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的意義請(qǐng)判斷下列句中加黑部分屬于哪種情況1.Ontheotherhand,Ihopetobroadenmyhorizonsinthisdevelopedcountry_____

2.IfoundithardtounderstandtheEnglishspokenbythenativevillagers.______

3.Itcarriesarticleswrittenbyforeignfriendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.______A.只表被動(dòng)B.只表完成C.既表被動(dòng)又表完成BAC及物動(dòng)詞；這個(gè)動(dòng)作不可能做完不及物動(dòng)詞；這個(gè)動(dòng)作沒(méi)有被動(dòng)，如fallenleaves“落葉”;retiredworkers“退休工人”;therisensun“升起的太陽(yáng)”及物動(dòng)詞；這個(gè)動(dòng)作被做并且已經(jīng)完成，如built1.Thetrees_______inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown2.Thewitnesses_____bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A.questionedB.beingquestionedC.tobequestionedD.havingquestioned動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與所修飾的名詞之間是主謂關(guān)系,表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行;而過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),則表示被動(dòng)或完成意義；動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。Thegirl(2)

(stand)underthetreeisreallycharming.站在樹(shù)下的那個(gè)女孩子真的很迷人。

MrSmith,(3)

(tire)oftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.史密斯先生厭倦了無(wú)聊的演講,開(kāi)始看起了小說(shuō)。

Asastudent,Lizhasmanysubjects___________.(learn)tiredstanding過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式與todo動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別tolearn【變式訓(xùn)練】(1)Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthe

.

政府決定重新修建那座被損毀的大橋。

(2)What'sthelanguage

?

在德國(guó),人們講什么語(yǔ)言?(3)Heisfondof

byyourmother.

他很喜歡你媽媽做的食物。

(4)Whatdoyouthinkofthemeeting

?

你覺(jué)得昨天召開(kāi)的會(huì)議怎么樣?damagedbridgespokeninGermanythefoodcookedheldyesterday過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)指在英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，接了賓語(yǔ)意義仍不完整，還需要有一個(gè)其他的句子成分，來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的意義、狀態(tài)等，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)賓補(bǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常由名詞、形容詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、副詞、介賓短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。1.Theymanagedtomakethemselves______________(understand)inverysimpleEnglish.2.Thevillagershadmanytrees____________(plant)justthen.3.Shehadherwallet___________(steal)yesterday.4.Theykeptthedoor____________(lock)foralongtime.5.Don’tleavesuchanimportantthing______________(finish).1.用在使役動(dòng)詞：make，get，have，keep，leave等后面過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做賓補(bǔ)：have...doneunderstoodplantedstolenlockedunfinished表狀態(tài)

“致使”

1.Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoor___________(lock).2.Wecanhearthewindows__________(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.3.Peoplefoundthegirl___________(drown)inthesea．4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee___________(carry)outthenextyear.5.Shefeltagreatweight___________(take)offhermind．2.用在感官動(dòng)詞watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find,observe后面

find...donelockedbeatendrownedcarriedtaken3.用在表“希望、愿望、愛(ài)憎”的動(dòng)詞want,wish,like,wouldlike,expect，hate后面want...done1.Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblem_____________(discuss).2.Iwishtheseveredisease___________(cure)soon.3.Iexpectmynewhouse___________(paint)lightblue．4.Studentswantthewinterbreak_____________(continue)．discussedcuredpaintedcontinued4.用在with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，常作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語(yǔ)。

with...done1.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands______(tie)behindhisback.2.Withmanybrightly-coloredflowers__________(plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.3.Witheverythingwell___________(arrange),helefttheoffice.4.Withallthethingssheneeded_________(buy),shewenthomehappily.5.Withoutanything_______(leave)inthecupboard,shewenttothesupermarkettobuysome.tiedplantedarrangedboughtleftLochNess第一步：找到定語(yǔ)從句；第二步：去掉主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)；第三步：檢查：一個(gè)句子只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

道不遠(yuǎn)人，人無(wú)異國(guó)。Greatdistancecannotseparateus;Weallliveinaunitedworld.——新羅旅唐學(xué)者崔致遠(yuǎn)1.翻譯下列短語(yǔ)pollutedrivers

受污染的河流anhonoredguest

貴賓cookedfood

熟食boiledwater

白開(kāi)水friedeggs

煎雞蛋aforcedsmile勉強(qiáng)的微笑fallenleaves

落葉fadedflowers

凋零的花therisensun

升起的太陽(yáng)aretiredteacher

退休的教師areturnedstudent

歸國(guó)留學(xué)生anescapedprisoner

逃犯（2019天津卷）Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially

(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.

大多數(shù)大學(xué)都為大一學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)一門(mén)專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)的課程，來(lái)幫助他們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)性方面取得成功。2.（2019北京卷）Earthday,

(mark)on22Aprilisanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.

地球日于4月22日舉行，是一項(xiàng)旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)的年度活動(dòng)。designedmarkedIfyouwanttobeaninventor,youmusthaveaplan_________(design)tosolveaparticularproblem.Thisisnotaseasyasitsounds.Manyideas,____________(develop)afterweeksofresearch,maynotprovesuccessful.Manyunsuccessfulapproachesare

(reject),andonlythemostcreativeandsuccessfulonesare

(welcome).Eachidea

(test)byyouwillneedtobe

(improve)untilitleadsyouclosertoa