湖北省部分省級(jí)示范高中2024-2025學(xué)年下學(xué)期期中測試

高二英語試卷

考試時(shí)間：2025年4月24日試卷滿分：150分

★?？荚図樌?/p>

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答

題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在

試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和

答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15

答案是C

1.WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonThursday?

A.Gohiking.B.Playfootball.C.Watchamovie.

2.Whatisthemanintendedtodo?

A.Designauniform.B.Placeanorder.C.Formateam.

3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice.

4.Wherewillthespeakersdonext?

A.Toacafe.B.Toabookstore.C.Toadessertstore.

5.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenMr.GomezandJack?

A.Employerandemployee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Workmates.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

第1頁/共24頁

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?

A.Confused.B.Confident.C.Hesitant.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Ajobapplicant.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.B.Byhiscommunicationskills.C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?

A.Attendameeting.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Startanewposition.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Reviewanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?

A.Atapark.B.Atamusichall.C.Atacoffeeshop.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?

A.Ifsrequestedbythecharity.B.Ifsfamilyfriendly.C.Ifsprivate.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Contactsomebands.B.Contributesomemoney.C.Organizesomeactivities.

17.Whatisthepurposeoftheevent?

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.B.Tohavesomefamilyfun.C.Tohelpananimalshelter.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.B.Shewasinspiredbyherlecturer.C.Shebecameinterestedinthe

culture.

第2頁/共24頁

19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitedthespeakermost?

A.Shoppingatalocalmarket.B.Gettingtoknowthelocals.C.Beinginvitedtoalocalmeal.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

WelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforestisakingdomofcoastredwoods,manyover600yearsold.

Howtogethere?

Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbeforearrivingatthepark.(Detailsat

www.gomuirwoods.com.)

MuirWoodsNationalMonumentisopendaily,8a.m.tosunset.StopbyVisitorCentertogettrailsand

programinformation,andtotakeinexhibits.

What'syourpath?

EnjoyawalkonthepavedRedwoodCreekTrail(alsocalledMainTrail).Chooseshort,medium,orlong

loops(環(huán)線).OthertrailsgodeepintoMuirWoodsandMountTamalpaisStatePark.(RefertothemapofMuir

Woodsontherightfordetails.)

Readytoexploremore?

MuirWoodsispartofGoldenGateNationalRecreationArea,whichincludesMarinHeadlands,Alcatraz,the

Presidio,andOceanBeach.Downloadtheappat/goga.

Staysafeandprotectyourpark.

,Wi-Fiandcellservicearenotavailable.

,Watchforpoisonousplantsandfallingbranches.

?Donotfeedordisturbanimals.Fishingisprohibitedinthepark.

?Donotmarkorremovetrees,flowers,orothernaturalfeatures.

,Gototheparkwebsiteformoresafetytipsandregulations.

Accessibility

Wemakeagreatefforttomakefacilities,services,andprogramsaccessibletoall.Forinformation,goto

第3頁/共24頁

VisitorCenter,askaranger,call,orcheckourwebsite.

MoreInformation

MuirWoodsNationalMonument/muwoMillValley,CA94941-2696

?KentMemonal

Bridge4:Long

labour.2*milelooptrail

returnviaHillsideTrai

d

CathedralGrove

Bridge3:Mediumenterquietly

loop

Bridge2:Short

Yrhout匕l(fā)ooptrail

FoundersGrove

PinchotTree

BohemianGrove

.Restrooms

Bridge1:Start■Cafeandgiftshop

RedwoodCrwktrails

.VisitorCenter

■Payentrancef??b?r?

PARKING

AUpavedtrailsare

Hwheelchair-accessible.Restrooms

Pavedtrail

Extendedtrail

(notpaved)

TrailmapavailablePARKING

atvisitorcenter.

North

02Kilometer

?=0.2MitaTo

MuirBeach

1.MuirWoodswillprobablyattract.

?redwoodlovers?huntinglovers③fishinglovers?hikinglovers

A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③

2.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.ReservationsshouldbemadeifvisitorsdriveprivatecarstoMuirWoods.

B.VisitorsareadvisedtocallVisitorCenterforsafetytipsandregulations.

C.VisitorscanreadelectronicmapsusingWi-FiinMuirWoods.

D.Muirwoodsissurroundedbyhighlandandoceanbeaches.

3.AccordingtothemapofMuirWoods,.

第4頁/共24頁

A.foodandgiftscanbeboughtonvarioussitesinMuirWoods

B.BootjackTrailcanleadonetoVisitorCenterfromBridge3

C.MillValleyislocatedonthesouthwestsideofMuirBeach

D.Bridge4isthefarthestfromtheparkinglotsofallbridges

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了MuirWoods公園的相關(guān)信息，包括到達(dá)方式、游覽路徑、公園探

索和注意事項(xiàng)等。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"WelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforestisakingdomofcoastredwoods,

manyover600yearsold.（歡迎來到MuirWoods!這片罕見的古老森林是海岸紅杉的王國，許多紅杉樹已有

600多年的歷史）”可知，MuirWoods會(huì)吸引紅杉愛好者；再根據(jù)What'syourpath?部分中Enjoya

walkonthepavedRedwoodCreekTrail（alsocalledMainTrail）.Chooseshort,medium,orlongloops.（在鋪設(shè)好

的紅杉溪小徑（也稱為主徑）上散步。選擇短、中或長的環(huán)線）”可知，MuirWoods也會(huì)吸引喜歡徒步的人。

所以MuirWoods可能會(huì)吸引“紅杉愛好者和徒步愛好者”。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howtogethere?部分中的“Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbefore

arrivingatthepark.（使用私人車輛的人必須在到達(dá)公園之前進(jìn)行預(yù)訂）”可知，如果游客開車去MuirWoods,

需要預(yù)訂。故選A項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuirWoods地圖可知，停車場（Parking）在較南端，而橋梁排列從南往北分別是Bridge1,

Bridge2,Bridge3,Bridge4,結(jié)合地圖中的描述“Bridge4:Long1Vzhour2.milelooptrail（橋4：長1個(gè)半小

時(shí)2英里的環(huán)形步道）”可知，在所有橋梁中，4號(hào)橋距離停車場最遠(yuǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

B

ThericharomaoffreshlyroastedcoffeefilledtheairinsideaquaintstonecabinintheeasternChinesevillage

thathousesFrankSterzer'scafe:BambooCoffeeRoasters.

Aftermorethan20yearsasanengineerandexecutivewithleadingautomobilecompaniesinGermanyand

China,FrankhasfoundanewcallingandfulfillmentinthevillageofMaolinearNingboinZhejiangprovince.

Inspiredbyhislifelongloveofcoffee,apassionforroastingbeanspromptedFranktoturnwhathadbeenahobby

intoathrivingbusiness."Zhejiang'scountrysidehasexcellentinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）andbeautifullandscapes,

第5頁/共24頁

andIfindittheidealplacetostartmybusiness,7B9.,Franksays.Maoliislocatedlessthana3O-minutedrivefromthe

Ningbocitycenter,strikingapleasingbalancebetweenurbanconvenienceandruralpeace.

ForFrank,theexperienceofsippingacupofcoffeewhileenjoyingasliceofhandmadecakeandgazingatthe

countryside,capturesthetypeofpeacefullifestylehehopestosharewithvisitors.4tBambooCoffeeRoastersisa

placetosharethecharmofthismountainvillagewithvisitorsfromallovertheworld,“heexplains.

ThecafeisnamedaftertheabundanceofbambooaroundMaoli,whileitslogowasinspiredbyaphotograph

Franktookofanearbybambooforest.Hehasalsocreatedasmallcoffeefactorybehindtheshopfront,where

excellentbeansfromaroundtheworldareneatlystackednexttogentlyhummingroastingmachines.Heroasts10

metrictonsayear.Allthesehavebecomekeycomponentsofthecafe9ssuccess.

SinceopeninginJune2024,BambooCoffeeRoastershasquicklybecomeapopulardestination,attracting

visitorsfromnearandfarincludinginternationaltravelerstakingadvantageofChina'sexpandedvisa-freepolicies.

Frank'sownfamilytookadvantageofthispolicy,withhismotherandsiblingsvisitinglastyear.

BeforetheSpringFestival,thecafewaswelcomingguestsfromallover,includingnearbycitieslike

HangzhouandShanghai.4tWecametoNingboforlocaldelicaciesandbusiness,purchasinglocalproduce.Products

suchashoneyoranges,bambooshootsandteahavealsofoundwidermarkets,thankstothecafe9spopularity,9,one

touristsaid.

4.WhatmadeFranksetupthecafeinMaoli?

A.China9sexpandedvisa-freepoliciesforinternationaltravelers.

B.Thevillage'soutstandingfacilitiesandpicturesquesceneries.

C.Frank9snewlyfoundenthusiasmforcoffeeandroastingbeans.

D.Thecombinationofurbanconveniencewithruralboomingindustry.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph3mostnearlymean?

A.Accuratelyrecords.B.Perfectlyconveys.

C.Totallytakescontrolof.D.Firmlyseizes.

6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.OriginsofBambooCoffeeRoasters.B.Thehardshipsofrunningthebusiness.

C.TheoperationofFrank'sbusiness.D.Thevastprofitearnedfromthebusiness.

7.Whydoestheauthormentionthetourist,sremarkinthelastparagraph?

A.TotellusthepopularityofFrank9sbusinessenhancedlocaleconomy.

B.ToproveguestsfromalloverpromotedFrank'sbusiness.

第6頁/共24頁

C.TosharewithreaderstheintenseinterestoftouristsinexploringNingbo.

D.Toadvertiseforthelocalbusinessestopromotethesaleoflocalproduce.

【答案】4.B5.B6.C7,A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了弗蘭克?斯特澤在中國浙江省寧波市附近的茅鐫村開設(shè)了竹子咖

啡烘焙坊的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Zhejiang'scountrysidehasexcellentinfrastructureandbeautifullandscapes,andIfind

ittheidealplacetostartmybusiness.（浙江的鄉(xiāng)村有優(yōu)秀的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和美麗的風(fēng)景，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這是創(chuàng)業(yè)的理想之

地?！?可知，讓弗蘭克在茅鐫村開設(shè)咖啡館的是這個(gè)村莊出色的設(shè)施和如畫的風(fēng)景。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“ForFrank,theexperienceofsippingacupofcoffeewhileenjoyingasliceof

handmadecakeandgazingatthecountryside,capturesthetypeofpeacefullifestylehehopestosharewithvisitors.

（對(duì)于Frank來說，一邊品嘗一杯咖啡，一邊享受一塊手工蛋糕，一邊凝視鄉(xiāng)村的體驗(yàn)，完美地capture他希

望與游客分享的那種寧靜的生活方式）”可知，這種生活體驗(yàn)表達(dá)出了他理想的生活方式，"captures"在這

里的意思是“完美地傳達(dá)”，故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段"ThecafeisnamedaftertheabundanceofbambooaroundMaoli,whileitslogowas

inspiredbyaphotographFranktookofanearbybambooforest.Hehasalsocreatedasmallcoffeefactorybehind

theshopfront,whereexcellentbeansfromaroundtheworldareneatlystackednexttogentlyhummingroasting

machines.Heroasts10metrictonsayear.Allthesehavebecomekeycomponentsofthecafe'ssuccess.（這家咖

啡館以茅鐫村周圍豐富的竹子命名，而它的標(biāo)志靈感來自弗蘭克拍攝的一張附近竹林的照片。他還在店面

后面創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)小型咖啡工廠，來自世界各地的優(yōu)質(zhì)咖啡豆整齊地堆放在輕輕嗡嗡作響的烘焙機(jī)旁邊。他

每年烘焙10公噸。所有這些都成為咖啡館成功的關(guān)鍵組成部分。”'可知，第四段主要介紹了咖啡館的命

名、標(biāo)志、咖啡工廠、咖啡豆來源以及烘焙量等運(yùn)營細(xì)節(jié)，即弗蘭克企業(yè)的運(yùn)營。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段“WecametoNingboforlocaldelicaciesandbusiness,purchasinglocalproduce.

Productssuchashoneyoranges,bambooshootsandteahavealsofoundwidermarkets,thankstothecafe's

popularity.（我們來到寧波是為了品嘗當(dāng)?shù)孛朗澈妥錾?，購買當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品。由于咖啡館的受歡迎程度，峰

蜜橙子、竹筍和茶葉等產(chǎn)品也找到了更廣闊的市場。）”可知，游客的評(píng)論表明他們因?yàn)榭Х瑞^的受歡迎程

第7頁/共24頁

度而來到寧波，并購買了當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品，從而促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，即作者提到游客的評(píng)論是為了說明

弗蘭克的生意提高了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Arthasalwaysoccupiedaspecialplaceinsociety.Manypeopleconsiderartiststobetheultimateauthorities

onthenatureandexpressionofbeauty.Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswere

viewedasbeingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists一

inspiration-hasitsownmagicalqualities.Literally,uinspiration^^isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswere

thoughtofaspeoplewhowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.

Ofcourse,artistscontributedtothismythology.Manyartistscreditedtheirtalentstothepresenceofsome

supernaturalpower.Wholemovementsofarthavecenteredonthesupposedlyotherworldlynatureofart.For

example,theRomanticpoetsbelievedthatartwasatermthatmeantanultimateexpressionofbeautyandtruth.

Thesearchforthisidealledthemtoexplorebothnaturalandsupernaturalthemesintheirworks.

Anotherpersistentviewofartregardeditsseparationfromlogic.Reasonandlogicweretheprovinceof

scientistsandphilosopherswhereascreativityandinsightweretheareaoftheartists.Thetwoseparateaspectsof

themindweresupposedtoremaindistinct.

Butin1704,amajorbreakthroughoccurred.SirIsaacNewton,mathematicianandphysicist,publishedhis

studyoflight,Opticks.OneofNewton'smajordiscoverieswasonthenatureofcolor.Usingaprism（棱鏡），

Newtonfoundthatwhitelightisactuallycomposedofallthecolorsoftherainbow.Heevenprovidedascientific

explanationforthepresenceofrainbows.Theartisticcommunitywasshocked.Ascientisthadtakenabeautiful

andmagicalexperienceandexplaineditasthesimplerefraction（折射）ofbeamsoflightthroughtheprismofa

raindrop.Ascientisthadventuredintotheirsacredterritory.

Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonof

reducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow”.Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthe

soulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.Andyet,fromanotherperspective,

Newtondidnotreducethebeautyoftherainbow;heenhancedit.Inhissearchtouncoverthesecretsofthe

rainbow,Newtondemonstratedthewonder,creativity,andinspirationofanartist.Healsogavetheworldanother

opportunitytoexperiencethesublime（絕妙）.Newton,sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthe

scienceofspectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsand

knowtheircomposition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetor

artistfeelswhenstaringatthosesamestars.

第8頁/共24頁

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthecommonviewofartistsinhistory?

A.Artistswereuniquelyinspiredcreature.

B.Artistswereconsideredlogicalandrational.

C.Artistswereseenasinspiredandsomewhatstrange.

D.Artistswerethoughttobewithoutanysupernaturalbeliefs.

9.HowdidtheRomanticpoetsreacttoNewton'sdiscoveryaboutlightandcolor?

A.TheycreditedNewton'sinsightstomysticalinfluences.

B.Theyfeltitfadedthepoeticbeautyofnaturalphenomena.

C.Theywereinspiredtointegratemorescientificthemesintheirpoetry.

D.Theybelievedanewdimensiontotheappreciationofbeautymightarise.

10.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnKeats'andSamuelTaylorColeridge'sviewsonIsaacNewton?

A.Tohighlighttheimpactofscientificdiscoveriesonartisticperception.

B.TostatethatShakespeare9sknowledgeofbeautywasunmatched.

C.Toemphasizethesuperiorcreativityofpoetsoverscientists.

D.ToshowthatRomanticpoetsobjectedtoscientificprogress.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Itemphasizestheartisticunderstandingofscience.

B.Itdiscussesthecontrastbetweenartandlogics.

C.IthighlightsIsaacNewton'sinfluenceonarts.

D.ItshowstheInterplayofArtandScience.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，文章探討了藝術(shù)與科學(xué)之間的關(guān)系，特別是科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)如何影響藝術(shù)界對(duì)美的

理解。文章通過歷史背景和具體例子，展示了藝術(shù)與科學(xué)之間的互動(dòng)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswereviewedas

beingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists-inspiration一has

itsownmagicalqualities.Literally,ltinspiration^^isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswerethoughtofaspeople

whowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.（在歷史上大部分時(shí)間里，藝術(shù)實(shí)踐是神秘的，藝術(shù)家被視為有些古怪甚

至經(jīng)常瘋狂的人。甚至與藝術(shù)家最常聯(lián)系在一起的詞一一靈感一一也有其自身的神奇品質(zhì)。從字面上講，

第9頁/共24頁

“靈感”是吸入一種精神。藝術(shù)家被認(rèn)為是被獨(dú)特地賦予靈感去創(chuàng)造的人。）”可知，歷史上人們普遍認(rèn)為

藝術(shù)家是受到靈感啟發(fā)且有些奇怪的人，故選c項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,

accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby"unweavingtherainbow”.（一百多年后，最著名的浪漫主義詩人之一約

翰?濟(jì)慈指責(zé)牛頓通過“拆解彩虹”減少了美。）”可知，浪漫主義詩人認(rèn)為牛頓的發(fā)現(xiàn)削弱了自然現(xiàn)象的

詩意美，故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段uMorethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,

accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow".Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,

famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.（一百多年

后，約翰?濟(jì)慈指責(zé)牛頓通過“拆解彩虹”減少了美。他的同事塞繆爾-泰勒?柯勒律治曾著名地評(píng)論說，

需要五百個(gè)牛頓的靈魂才能造就一個(gè)莎士比亞。）”可知，作者提到濟(jì)慈和柯勒律治的觀點(diǎn)是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)

發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)藝術(shù)感知的影響，故選A項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后——段“Newton'sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthescienceof

spectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsandknowtheir

composition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetorartistfeels

whenstaringatthosesamestars.（牛頓的發(fā)現(xiàn)為光譜學(xué)的發(fā)展鋪平了道路，這是一種分析光的化學(xué)成分的方法。

現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們可以觀察星星并了解它們的成分。這種能力所創(chuàng)造的驚奇感與詩人或藝術(shù)家凝視那些星星時(shí)

所感受到的驚奇并無太大不同。）”可知，文章通過歷史背景和具體例子，探討了藝術(shù)與科學(xué)之間的互動(dòng)，

特別是科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)如何影響藝術(shù)界對(duì)美的理解。所以文章的主要是展示藝術(shù)與科學(xué)之間的相互作用，故選D

項(xiàng)。

D

Superhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechess,or

solvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.But

wehaveonesuperpowertheyaren'tclosetomastering:mindreading.

Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthat

meanswecananticipateotherpeople'sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAisaretobecometrulyuseful

ineverydaylife-tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadaftera

第10頁/共24頁

bouncingball-wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.

Inpsychology,theabilitytoinferanother5smentalstateisreferredtoastheoryofmind.Inhumans,this

capacitydevelopsataveryyoungage.Howtoreproducethecapabilityinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.One

ofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouaregoingforarunandyoureply"it's

raining”,theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshugeamountsofbackgroundknowledge

aboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.

Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturallyfromone'sownlearning

process.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.In

addition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheory

ofmindthatwedon'tlaiowaboutsimplybecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesanda

certainabilitytothink.

ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.Humanscanclearlyexplain

theirgoalstoeachotherusingcommonlanguageandideas.WhilelettingAIformthetheoryofmindintheir

learningprocessislikelytoleadtodevelopingmorepowerfulAI,plainlybuildinginsharedwaystorepresent

knowledgemaybecrucialfbrhumanstotrustandcommunicatewithAI.

Itisimportanttoremember,though,thatthepursuitofmachineswiththeoryofmindisaboutmorethanjust

buildingmoreusefulrobots.ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandrobotics

research:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongtheway

thinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.

12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontextscanAIunderstandwell?

A.Whenamomasksherkidtodrinkaglassofmilk,thekiddrinksitup.

B.Whenkidsseetheirmomafterhurtingthemselves,theycryevenlouder.

C.Whenateacherasksfbraboy'shomework,heanswers“mycatateit”.

D.Whenyouaretreatedwithaspicyhotpotfordinner,youreply“asorethroat”.

13.Whichstatementwilltheauthoragreewithmostabouttheoryofmind?

A.Humans5theoryofmindisfarfromperfect.

B.HumanslimitAl'stheoryofmindtoanextent.

C.Al'stheoryofminddevelopmenthasbeenfullyuncovered.

D.SharedformsoftheoryofmindleadtomorepowerfulAL

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtrulyself-awaremachines?

第11頁/共24頁

A.Ambiguous.B.Subjective.C.Approving.D.Skeptical.

15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AIwithItsOwnTheoryofMindIsAnticipated.

B.Al'sTheoryofMindWillDefineOurFuture.

C.Al'sTheoryofMind-aBlessingorSufferingtoHumans.

D.TheoryofMindBridgestheGapBetweenHumansandAL

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要探討了人工智能（AI）在理論心智（theoryofmind）方面的發(fā)展現(xiàn)

狀、挑戰(zhàn)及未來展望。理論心智是指理解他人心理狀態(tài)的能力，對(duì)人類合作與溝通至關(guān)重要。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouare

goingforarunandyoureply"it'sraining",theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshuge

amountsofbackgroundknowledgeaboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.（主要的挑戰(zhàn)之一是上下文。

例如，如果有人問你是否要去跑步，而你回答“下雨了”，他們可以很快得出結(jié)論，答案是否定的。但這

需要大量的關(guān)于跑步、天氣和人類偏好的背景知識(shí)。”'可知，AI在理解需要大量背景知識(shí)或復(fù)雜上下文的

情境時(shí)存在困難。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturally

fromone'sownlearningprocess.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfect

understandingoftheoryofmin.（此外，無論是人類還是AI,理論心智都應(yīng)該從自己的學(xué)習(xí)過程中自然產(chǎn)生。

將先驗(yàn)知識(shí)構(gòu)建到AI中，會(huì)使它依賴于我們對(duì)理論心智的不完善理解?！?可知，人類對(duì)理論心智的不完

善理解可能會(huì)限制AI理論心智的發(fā)展，即人類在一定程度上限制了AI的理論心智。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段aWhetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingabout

otherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.（我們是否能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)這——目

標(biāo)還有待觀察。但在這一過程中，我們思考著他人和其他主體，我們正走在學(xué)會(huì)思考自己的道路上。”'可

知，作者對(duì)真正具有自我意識(shí)的機(jī)器的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選C項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren'tclosetomastering:mindreading.（但我們有

第12頁/共24頁

一種他們還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有掌握的超能力：讀心術(shù)。）”和第二段"IfAisaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife

——tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball——

wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.（如果人工智能要在日常

生活中真正發(fā)揮作用一一與我們有效合作，或者理解一個(gè)孩子可能會(huì)在彈跳的球后面跑到馬路上一一我們

必須賦予它們這種進(jìn)化賦予我們的讀心術(shù)能力。）”可知，文章主要討論了AI在理論心智方面的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、

挑戰(zhàn)及未來展望，即期待AI能擁有自己的理論心智。由此可知，最佳標(biāo)題是A項(xiàng)“AIwithItsOwnTheory

ofMindIsAnticipated”（期待具有自身心理理論的AI）。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

BenefitsofSports

Doingsportsisaphysical,mentalandsocialadventure.Ifsagreatwayforchildrentotakeabreakfrom

studiesandreleaseextraenergy.Italso