2014年12月大學英語四級考試真題（三）聽力部分短對話1.M:I'mlookingforanunfurnishedtwo-bedroomapartment,butallyourapartmentsarefurnished.W:Wecantakecareofthat.Wecansimplyremovethefurniture.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shecanremovethefurniturefortheman.B.Shecanprovidethemanwiththeapartmentheneeds.C.Shecanfurnishtheapartmentaccordingtotheman'srequest.D.Shecanshowthemanaroundtheapartmentrightaway.答案：B。男士想要未裝修的兩居室公寓，女士說可以把家具搬走，意味著能提供男士需要的公寓。2.M:HowdoyoulikethewayI'vearrangedthefurnitureinmylivingroom?W:Fine,butIthinkthewallscoulduseafewpaintings.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Hangsomepicturesfordecoration.B.Findroomforthepaintings.C.Putmorecoatsofpaintonthewall.D.Paintthewallstomatchthefurniture.答案：A。女士說墻可以掛些畫，即建議男士掛畫來裝飾。長對話ConversationOneM:Hello,andwelcometoourprogram“WorkingAbroad”.OurguestthiseveningisaLondoner,wholivesandworksinItaly.Hername'sSusanHill.Susan,welcometotheprogram.YouliveinFlorence,howlonghaveyoubeenlivingthere?W:Since1982.ButwhenIwenttherein1982,Iplannedtostayforonly6months.M:Whydidyouchangeyourmind?W:Well,I'madesigner.Idesignleathergoods,mainlyshoesandhandbags.SoonafterIarrivedinFlorence,IgotajobwithoneofItaly'stopfashionhouses,Ferregamo.So,Idecidedtostay.M:Howlucky!DoyoustillworkforFerregamo?W:No,I'vebeenafreelancedesignerforquitealongtimenow.Since1988,infact.M:So,doesthatmeanyoudesignforseveraldifferentcompaniesnow?W:Yes,that'sright.I'vedesignedmanyfashioncollectionsforanumberofItaliancompanies,andduringthelastfouryears,I'vealsobeendesigningfortheBritishcompany,Burberry.M:Whathaveyoubeendesigningforthem?W:Mostlyhandbagsandsmallleathergoods.M:HasthefashionindustryinItalychangedsince1982?W:Oh,yes.It'sbecomealotmorecompetitive.Becauseofhighunemployment,peopleinItalyaren'tspendingasmuchmoneyonfashion.So,theItalianfashionhousesarefocusingmoreonoverseasmarkets.M:AndhowdoyoufeelaboutworkingwithcompaniesinItalyandBritain?W:It'sbeenareallearningexperienceforme.I'vefoundthatworkintheBritishfashionindustryismoreamatterofdesignandsales.InItaly,though,gooddesignismoreimportant.M:Right.Thankyouverymuch,Susan,fortalkingtous.3.Whatwasthewoman'soriginalplanwhenshewenttoFlorence?A.Tostaythereforhalfayear.B.Tofindabetterjobtosupportherself.C.Toquitherjobandstartanewcareer.D.TosellleathergoodsforaBritishcompany.答案：A。女士說1982年去佛羅倫薩時計劃只待6個月。4.Whathasthewomanbeendoingforalivingsince1988?A.Designingfashionitemsforseveralcompanies.B.Modelingforaworld-famousItaliancompany.C.WorkingasanemployeeforFerregamo.D.ServingasasalesagentforBurberry.答案：A。女士從1988年開始成為自由設計師，為幾家不同公司設計時尚系列。短文理解PassageOneSomepeoplewanttomakeandsavealotofmoneyinordertoretireearly.Iseepeoplepursuinghigherpayingandincreasinglydemandingcareerstoaccomplishthisgoal.Theymakemanypersonalsacrificesinexchangeforincometoday.Theproblemisthattomorrowmightnotcome.Evenifitallgoesaccordingtoplan,willyouknowhowtobehappywhenyou'renotworkingifyouspendyourentirelifemakingmoney?Moreimportantly,whowillbearoundforyoutoshareyourleisuretimewith?Attheotherextremearepeoplewholiveonlyfortoday.WhybothersavingwhenImightnotbeheretomorrow,theyargue.Thedangerofthisapproachisthatinthelongrun,youmayrunoutofmoney.Yousee,lifeisalongjourney.Wehavetolookaheadandthinkintermsofpreservationandinvestmentofourfinancialresources.Butwealsohavetoenjoythejourney.Wehavetoaskourselves,whatwillbringmethegreatestsatisfactionandenjoymentnow?So,justasimportantasmoneyisfindingapurposeinlife.Ifyoudon'thaveapurpose,youwillprobablybeunhappy.Andifyoudon'thaveanysavings,thenyouwillnotbefinanciallysecure.5.Whydosomepeoplepursuehigh-payingbutdemandingcareers?A.Tosatisfytheneedsoftheirfamily.B.Tofullyrealizetheirpotential.C.Tomakemoneyforearlyretirement.D.Togainasenseoftheirpersonalworth.答案：C。文中提到有些人追求高薪且要求高的職業(yè)是為了攢錢提前退休。6.Whatisthedangerofthe“l(fā)ive-for-today”attitude?A.Theymayhavetochangetheirlifestyle.B.Theymayrisklosingcontroloftheirlives.C.Theymayhavetobemorefrugalinthefuture.D.Theymayrunoutofmoneysoonerorlater.答案：D。文中明確指出“活在當下”態(tài)度的危險是從長遠看可能會花光錢。閱讀理解部分詞匯理解Theoceanisheatingup.That'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthatEarth'soceansnow7heatattwicetheratetheydid18yearsago.Aroundhalfofoceanheatintakesince1865hastakenplacesince1997,researchersreportonlineinNatureClimateChange.Warmingwatersareknownto8tocoralbleaching（珊瑚白化）andtheytakeupmorespacethancoolerwaters,raisingsea9.Whilethetopoftheoceaniswellstudied,itsdepthsaremoredifficultto10.Theresearchersgatheredtheirdatafrom150oceanmonitoringfloats（漂浮物）thatmeasuretemperature,salinity（鹽度）,andotherproperties.Thefloatssenddatathroughtheairtosurfacestations,whichsendtheinformationtoasatellitethatpassesoverhead.Thescientistssaythenewdataisbetterqualitythanthepreviousdata,whichwaslargelycollectedfromcommercialships.Andolderinstrumentsoftenstoppedworkinglongbeforethe11oftheirjourneys.Thescientistssaythenewstudyisfirsttomonitortheocean'sbottomforchangesintemperatureandheatcontent.Thestudyshowsthatthebottomoftheoceanhasbeenwarmingfordecades,justmoreslowlythanthesurface.Thescientistsusedacomputermodelto12howtheoceanwouldbeheatediftheatmospherewas13bythehighlevelsofgreenhousegasespredictedfor2100.Theyfoundthattheextraheatcouldmostlybe14intheocean'supperlayers.Buttheynotedthatthewarmingcouldspreadtothedeepoceanifatmosphericwarming15.A.absorbB.combinedC.contributeD.depthE.emissionsF.extentG.exploreH.floorI.levelsJ.maintainK.meltedL.predictM.proceedsN.recentlyO.store7.答案：A。根據(jù)語境，海洋吸收熱量，absorb有“吸收”之意。8.答案：C。contributeto是固定短語，意為“導致”，這里說溫水會導致珊瑚白化。9.答案：I。raisesealevels表示“提高海平面”。10.答案：G。前面說海洋表層研究充分，而深處更難探索，explore符合語境。11.答案：F。theextentoftheirjourneys表示“它們旅程的范圍”。12.答案：L?？茖W家用計算機模型預測海洋會如何受熱，predict正確。13.答案：B。becombinedby表示“被……影響”，這里指大氣受到預計2100年高濃度溫室氣體的影響。14.答案：O。多余的熱量大部分會存儲在海洋上層，store合適。15.答案：M。如果大氣變暖持續(xù)，熱量會擴散到深海，proceeds有“繼續(xù)進行”之意。長篇閱讀PassageTheEndoftheBook?A.Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmoree-booksthanprintbooks.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor52percentofallbooksalesinthecompany,andtheyhavenodoubtbeenresponsibleforthesignificantdeclineinprintsales.Foryears,peoplehavepredictedthatthebookasweknowitis即將結(jié)束.Isthatfinallyhappening?B.Theriseofe-booksdoesnotmeantheendoftheprintedbook.Therearemanyreasonswhythebookindustryshouldhavefaithinitself.Justastheinventionoftheautomobiledidn'tmakethehorse-drawncarriageobsolete（過時的）,theriseofe-bookswillnotmakeprintedbooksdisappear.C.Oneofthemainreasonsisthatreadingaprintedbookoffersadifferentandoftenmoresatisfyingexperience.Manypeoplestillpreferthefeelofaphysicalbookintheirhands.Theyliketoturnthepages,markpassages,andhavearealobjecttohold.Readingaprintedbookcanbeamoreimmersiveexperience,asitallowsreaderstofocuswithoutthedistractionsofdigitaldevices.D.Anotherreasonisthatprintedbookshavealongershelf-life.E-booksaredependentonelectronicdevices,whichcanmalfunction,break,orbecomeobsolete.Aprintedbookcansitonashelffordecades,waitingtobereadagain.Itdoesn'trequireapowersourceorsoftwareupdates.E.Thebookindustryalsohasalonghistoryofinnovation.Ithasadaptedtonewtechnologiesinthepast,suchastheinventionoftheprintingpress,theintroductionofpaperbacks,andtheriseofonlinebookstores.Thereisnoreasontobelievethatitwon'tbeabletoadapttotheriseofe-books.F.However,theriseofe-booksdoesposesomechallenges.Forpublishers,itmeansashiftinbusinessmodels.Theyneedtofindnewwaystomakemoneyfrome-books,suchasthroughsubscriptionservicesorpartnershipswithe-bookplatforms.G.Forauthors,theriseofe-bookscanbebothablessingandacurse.Ononehand,itprovidesawideraudienceandthepotentialforgreatersales.Ontheotherhand,italsomeansmorecompetition,asanyonecanself-publishane-book.H.Librariesarealsoaffectedbytheriseofe-books.Theyneedtodecidehowtobalancetheircollectionsofprintedbooksande-books.Somelibrariesareinvestingmoreine-bookcollections,whileothersarestillfocusingonprintedmaterials.I.Inconclusion,whiletheriseofe-booksisasignificanttrend,itdoesnotmeantheendoftheprintedbook.Thebookindustrywillneedtoadapttothenewreality,butthereisstillaplaceforprintedbooksinthedigitalage.16.ThefactthatAmazonissellingmoree-booksthanprintbooksindicatesthat_.A.thebookasweknowitisabouttoendB.e-booksaremorepopularthanprintbooksC.theKindlehasagreatinfluenceonbooksalesD.theriseofe-bookshasledtoadeclineinprintsales答案：D。文中提到亞馬遜電子書銷量超過紙質(zhì)書，且電子書導致了紙質(zhì)書銷量顯著下降。17.Accordingtothepassage,oneoftheadvantagesofprintedbooksisthat_.A.theyaremoreconvenienttocarryaroundB.theycanbereadwithoutapowersourceC.theyaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyD.theycanbemarkedmoreeasily答案：B。文中指出紙質(zhì)書不需要電源，可在書架上存放數(shù)十年等待再次閱讀。仔細閱讀PassageOneThequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisn'taneither/orproposition（命題）,althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsoassertsthatthestudyofthehumanities（人文學科）andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralcomponentsofAmerica'seducationalsystematalllevels.Bothareasarecriticaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative（創(chuàng)新的）leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates'jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformthedemandforlabor.AndstudentswhostudythehumanitiesandsocialsciencessometimeshavetheimpressionthattheyarelesslikelytoreceivemultiplejoboffersthantheirpeersinSTEMfields.ButaccordingtothelatestreportfromtheAssociationofAmericanCollegesandUniversities（AAC&U）,studentswhomajorinthehumanitiesarenotonlymorelikelytoreceivemultiplejoboffers,buttheyarealsomorelikelytoearnhighersalariesoverthecourseoftheircareers.18.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?A.STEMrelatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.B.ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.C.Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents'spirituallife.D.Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.答案：B。國會報告承認技術培訓重要，同時強調(diào)人文學科和社會科學仍是美國教育系統(tǒng)各層次的核心組成部分，即兩者應被同等重視。19.Whatdostudentsmajoringinthehumanitiesthinkoftheirjobprospects?A.Theyfeelsomewhatoptimisticabouttheircareer.B.Theyhaveaclearideaabouttheirjobopportunities.C.Theythinktheyarelesscompetitiveforjobs.D.Theyareconfidentoflandinggoodjobs.答案：C。文中提到人文學科的學生覺得自己獲得多個工作機會的可能性比STEM領域的同齡人小，即認為自己就業(yè)競爭力弱。翻譯部分中國應進一步發(fā)展核能，因為核電目前只占其總發(fā)電量的2%。該比例在所有核國家中是最低的，反映了核電在中國的發(fā)展空間巨大。無論從經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要還是從環(huán)境保護的角度看，中國都有必要進一步發(fā)展核能。隨著技術的進步，過去核電的安全問題在很大程度上已經(jīng)得到解決。因此，核能是中國未來能源的一個重要選擇。Chinashouldfurtherdevelopnuclearenergy,asnuclearpowercurrentlyaccountsforonly2%ofitstotalelectricitygeneration.Thisproportionisthelowestamongallnuclear-powercountries,whichreflectsthatthereisstillahugepotentialforthedevelopmentofnuclearpowerinChina.Whetherfromtheperspectiveoftheneedforeconomicdevelopmentorenvironmentalprotection,itisnecessaryforChinatofurtherdevelopnuclearenergy.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,thesafetyissuesofnuclearpowerinthepasthavebeenlargelysolved.Therefore,nuclearenergyisanimportantoptionforChina'sfutureenergysupply.寫作部分Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowr