魯教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)期末復(fù)習(xí)Unit4知識(shí)與練習(xí)Unit4Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?1.單元核心詞匯與轉(zhuǎn)換：textbook(復(fù)數(shù)):textbooksconversation(動(dòng)詞):conversepatient(名詞-病人/反義詞-形容詞):impatiendiscover(名詞):discoverypronounce(名詞):pronunciationexpress(名詞):expressionsecret(形容詞):secretivegrammar(形容詞):grammaticalrepeat(名詞):repetitionnote(動(dòng)詞):note(記錄)physics(形容詞):physical(物理的；身體的)/physicist(物理學(xué)家)chemistry(形容詞):chemical/chemist(化學(xué)家)memorize(名詞):memoryincrease(反義詞):decrease/reducespeed(動(dòng)詞):speed(sped/sped或speeded/speeded)partner(動(dòng)詞):partner(合作)born(動(dòng)詞):bear(bore,born/borne)能力(英語(yǔ)):ability活躍的(英語(yǔ)):active注意(英語(yǔ)):attention/payattentionto把...和...連接起來(lái)(英語(yǔ)):connect...with...天生具有...(英語(yǔ)):bebornwith...依賴(lài)(英語(yǔ)):dependon查找(英語(yǔ)):lookup記筆記(英語(yǔ)):takenotes犯錯(cuò)(英語(yǔ)):makemistakes注意(英語(yǔ)):payattentionto害怕做某事(英語(yǔ)):beafraidtodosth./beafraidofdoingsth.愛(ài)上(英語(yǔ)):fallinlovewith...也(英語(yǔ)):aswell逐字地(英語(yǔ)):wordbyword2.單元重點(diǎn)詞組：studyforatest為考試而學(xué)習(xí)workwithfriends/agroup和朋友/小組一起學(xué)習(xí)asktheteacherforhelp向老師尋求幫助watchEnglish-languagevideos/movies看英文視頻/電影haveconversationswithfriends和朋友對(duì)話readaloud大聲朗讀practicepronunciation練習(xí)發(fā)音improvespeakingskills提高口語(yǔ)技能improvelisteningskills提高聽(tīng)力技能improvewritingskills提高寫(xiě)作技能improvereadingskills提高閱讀技能learnalot學(xué)到很多spokenEnglish英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)wordbyword逐字地bepatient有耐心beafraidtodosth./beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事makemistakes犯錯(cuò)makecompletesentences造完整的句子practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事thesecretto(doing)sth.(做)某事的秘訣discoverthekeyto...發(fā)現(xiàn)...的關(guān)鍵lookup(aword)inadictionary查字典（查單詞）takenotes記筆記memorizesentencepatterns記憶句型dogrammarexercises做語(yǔ)法練習(xí)keepadiaryinEnglish用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記increasereadingspeed提高閱讀速度readwordgroups按意群閱讀guessaword'smeaning猜測(cè)單詞的意思connect...with...把...和...連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)dependon依賴(lài)；取決于payattentionto(doing)sth.注意（做）某事getthemainideas獲取大意bebornwith...天生具有...createaninterestin...培養(yǎng)對(duì)...的興趣developstudyskills發(fā)展學(xué)習(xí)技能find(doing)sth.difficult/easy/interesting...發(fā)現(xiàn)（做）某事困難/容易/有趣...fallinlovewith...愛(ài)上...aswell也(通常用于句末)evenif即使3.單元核心句型與結(jié)構(gòu)：by+doing&提建議詢(xún)問(wèn)方式：HowcanI/we...?HowcanIimprovemypronunciation?(我怎樣才能提高發(fā)音？)Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?(我們?cè)鯓硬拍艹蔀楹玫膶W(xué)習(xí)者？)回答方式：By+V-ing(通過(guò)做某事)BywatchingEnglishmovies.(通過(guò)看英文電影。)Byhavingconversationswithfriends.(通過(guò)和朋友對(duì)話。)Bylisteningtotapesandrepeatingaloud.(通過(guò)聽(tīng)磁帶并大聲重復(fù)。)提建議句型：Whatabout/Howabout+V-ing/名詞?(做某事怎么樣？)WhataboutjoininganEnglishclub?(加入英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部怎么樣？)Howaboutreadingaloudeverymorning?(每天早上大聲朗讀怎么樣？)Whydon'tyou/Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形?(你為什么不...呢？)Whydon'tyoutrywritingEnglishdiaries?(你為什么不試試寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記呢？)Whynotlookupthewordinadictionary?(為什么不在字典里查查這個(gè)單詞呢？)Youshould(not)+動(dòng)詞原形.(你應(yīng)該（不）...)Youshouldbepatient.(你應(yīng)該有耐心。)Youshouldn'tbeafraidtomakemistakes.(你不應(yīng)該害怕犯錯(cuò)。)It'sagoodideato+動(dòng)詞原形.(做某事是個(gè)好主意。)It'sagoodideatopracticespeakingwithapartner.(和搭檔練習(xí)口語(yǔ)是個(gè)好主意。)表達(dá)困難/能力/發(fā)現(xiàn)：Ifindit+adj.+todosth.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事...)IfinditdifficulttounderstandspokenEnglish.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)懂英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)很難。)Ihavesometrouble(in)doingsth.(我做某事有困難。)Ihavesometrouble(in)memorizingnewwords.(我記新單詞有些困難。)Thesecretto...is+V-ing/名詞.(...的秘訣是...)Thesecrettolanguagelearningislisteningandspeakingalot.(語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的秘訣是多聽(tīng)多說(shuō)。)Idiscoveredthat...(我發(fā)現(xiàn)...)Idiscoveredthatreadingsomethinginterestinghelps.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)讀有趣的東西很有幫助。)其他重要結(jié)構(gòu)：DoyoulearnEnglishby...?(你是通過(guò)...學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的嗎？)Haveyoueverstudiedwithagroup?(你曾經(jīng)和小組一起學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)嗎？)It+takes/took+(sb.)+time+todosth.(做某事花了(某人)多少時(shí)間。)Ittookmealongtimetogetusedtotheaccent.(我花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才習(xí)慣這個(gè)口音。)4.重點(diǎn)句式與表達(dá)：By+V-ing是核心結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“通過(guò)...方式、方法”。介詞by后必須接動(dòng)名詞(V-ing)。HowcanI/we...?是詢(xún)問(wèn)方式方法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句型。提建議的多種句型要熟練掌握，注意Whatabout/Howabout后接V-ing或名詞，Whydon'tyou/Whynot后接動(dòng)詞原形。Findit+adj.+todosth.中，it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的todosth.。Havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.中，介詞in常省略。Lookup(查閱)是動(dòng)副短語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，必須放在中間(lookitup)；賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，可放中間或后面(lookuptheword/lookthewordup)。Beafraidtodosth.強(qiáng)調(diào)因害怕而不敢做某事；beafraidofdoingsth.強(qiáng)調(diào)擔(dān)心或害怕發(fā)生某事（有時(shí)兩者可互換）。Payattentionto中的to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞(doingsth.)。Dependon(依賴(lài)；取決于)中的on是介詞。Connect...with...(把...和...聯(lián)系起來(lái))。Practicedoingsth.(練習(xí)做某事)。Thesecretto(doing)sth.(（做）某事的秘訣)，to是介詞。Wordbyword(逐字地)。描述學(xué)習(xí)感受和困難的詞匯：patient/impatient,difficult/hard/easy,afraid,bored/interested,successful,challenging,frustrating,helpful,useful。EXERCISES:一、單項(xiàng)選擇(20題)。()1.Howdoyoupracticespeaking?Ipractice______conversationswithmyfriends.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.has()2.—______doyoustudyforatest?—By______notes.A.What;takeB.How;takingC.Where;totakeD.When;taking()3.Ifind______veryimportanttoreviewwhatI'velearnedregularly.A.thatB.itC.thisD.one()4.Youlookupnewwords______adictionary.A.byB.withC.inD.on()5.Shehastrouble______completesentencesinEnglish.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes()6.______aboutlisteningtoEnglishsongs?Itmighthelp.A.WhyB.HowC.WhatD.When()7.Thebestwaytolearnnewwordsis______theminsentences.A.usingB.useC.touseD.uses()8.Don'tbeafraid______mistakeswhenyouspeakEnglish.A.tomakeB.ofmakeC.makingD.make()9.—______haveyoubeenlearningEnglish?—Foraboutsixyears.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.Howfar()10.Why______youjoinanEnglishclubtopracticespeaking?A.notB.don'tC.aren'tD.doesn't()11.Thesecret______goodpronunciationislisteningandrepeatingalot.A.toB.forC.withD.of()12.Wecanincreaseourreadingspeed______readingwordgroups,notwordbyword.A.withB.byC.inD.on()13.Ineedto______mywritingskillsbeforetheexam.A.riseB.raiseC.improveD.develop()14.Youshouldpaymoreattention______theteacherinclass.A.toB.onC.atD.for()15.______youeverstudiedwithagroup?Yes,Ihave.Ithelpsalot.A.DoB.DidC.HaveD.Are()16.He______thatreadingEnglishnewspapersimprovedhisvocabularyquickly.A.inventedB.discoveredC.createdD.found()17.______excitingitistounderstandamovieinEnglish!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()18.Successinlearning______hardworkandgoodmethods.A.dependsonB.looksupC.connectswithD.paysattentionto()19.______notlookupthemeaningofthiswordinyoure-dictionary?A.WhatB.HowC.WhyD.When()20.Ifellinlove______thisinterestingEnglishnovel.A.toB.inC.withD.for二、閱讀理解。ManystudentsaskaboutthebestwaystolearnEnglish.Herearesometipsfromsuccessfullearners:BeActive:Don'tjustlisteninclass.Askquestions,answertheteacher,andparticipateindiscussions.ThemoreyouuseEnglish,thefasteryoulearn.PracticeEveryDay:Consistencyiskey.Even15-30minutesofdailypractice(listening,reading,speaking,writing)isbetterthanonelongsessionaweek.Useapps,listentopodcastsonyourwaytoschool,orreadashortarticle.FocusonCommunication:Don'tworrytoomuchaboutmakingmistakesatfirst.Thegoalistobeunderstood.Speakasmuchaspossible,evenifyourgrammarisn'tperfect.Findalanguagepartnerorjoinaclub.LearninContext:Memorizinglistsofwordsishardandoftenineffective.Learnnewwordsandphrasesbyseeinghowtheyareusedinsentences,stories,orconversations.Readingandlisteningtointerestingthingshelpsalot.UseDifferentResources:Don'trelyonlyonyourtextbook.WatchmoviesorTVshows(withsubtitlesatfirst),listentomusic,readnewsorstoriesonline,playgamesinEnglish.Findthingsyouenjoy!ReviewRegularly:Gooverwhatyou'velearned.Useflashcards(physicalordigitalappslikeAnki)toreviewvocabulary.Re-readnotesortexts.Ourbrainsforgetquicklyunlesswereview.BePatientandPositive:Learningalanguagetakestimeandeffort.Don'tgetdiscouragedbyslowprogressormistakes.Celebratesmallsuccessesandstaymotivated!()1.Whatdoesthetip"BeActive"mainlysuggeststudentsdo?A.Onlylistencarefullyinclass.B.UseEnglishasmuchaspossibleinclass.C.Domorehomework.D.Focusonmemorizinggrammarrules.()2.Accordingtothetips,whichpracticehabitisbetter?A.Studyingfor3hoursonceaweek.B.Practicingfor20minuteseveryday.C.Onlypracticingbeforeexams.D.Practicingspeakingonly.()3.WhatshouldlearnersfocusonwhentheystartspeakingEnglish?A.Speakingwithperfectgrammar.B.Avoidingallmistakes.C.Beingunderstood.D.Usingonlysimplewords.()4.Whyislearningwords"incontext"consideredbetterthanmemorizinglists?A.Listsaremorefun.B.Itshowshowwordsareactuallyused.C.Liststakelesstime.D.Contextmakeswordshardertoremember.()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelasttip"BePatientandPositive"?A.Totellstudentslearningisfast.B.Toencouragestudentsnottogiveup.C.Tosaymistakesareunacceptable.D.Tosuggestonlysmartpeoplecanlearn.三、根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式。Howdoyoustudyforatest?Byreadingthet______.Havingc______withnativespeakershelpsimprovefluency.Youneedtobep______;learningalanguagetakestime.Id______thatwatchingEnglishcartoonsisfunandhelpful.Howdoyoup______thisword?Itlooksdifficult."Breakaleg"isane______meaning"goodluck".What'sthes______torememberingvocabulary?Usingit!Youshouldtaken______inclasstohelpyoureviewlater.Pleaser______afterme:"Howareyoudoing?"Hehasanaturala______forlearninglanguages.Goodlearnersareusuallyverya______inclass.Paya______tothekeypointstheteacherexplains.Youcanc______newwordswithpicturestorememberthembetter.Don'td______onlyontranslation;trytothinkinEnglish.Ilookeditupinthed______.(字典)(物理)P______ismyfavoritesciencesubject.(化學(xué))WedidaninterestingexperimentintheC______labyesterday.(記憶)Ineedtom______thesephrasesbeforethetest.(增加)Iwanttoi______myreadingspeed.(伙伴)Findaspeakingp______topracticewith.四、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(注意by+doing,動(dòng)名詞及不定式用法)。Heimproveshislisteningskillsby______(listen)toEnglishpodcasts.Whynot______(try)readingEnglishnewspapers?Shefindsitenjoyable______(watch)Englishmovies.Ihadsometrouble______(understand)thenativespeaker.Youshouldpractice______(speak)Englisheveryday.Thebestway______(learn)grammarisbyusingit.Hediscoveredthat______(keep)adiaryinEnglishhelpedhiswriting.DoyoulearnEnglishby______(do)grammarexercises?It'sagoodidea______(look)upnewwordsinadictionary.Theyareafraidof______(make)mistakesinpublic.五、完成句子，每空一詞。我通過(guò)聽(tīng)磁帶練習(xí)發(fā)音。(by)Ipracticepronunciation____________totapes.你為什么不加入英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部呢？(Why)____________youjoinanEnglishclub?我發(fā)現(xiàn)按時(shí)完成所有作業(yè)很難。(findit)I____________difficult____________allthehomeworkontime.提高閱讀技能的關(guān)鍵是大量閱讀。(key)The____________improvingreadingskills____________alot.不要害怕在課堂上問(wèn)問(wèn)題。(afraid)Don't__________________askquestionsinclass.你應(yīng)該注意你的拼寫(xiě)。(payattentionto)Youshould__________________yourspelling.成功取決于努力和方法。(dependon)Success____________hardworkandgoodmethods.她愛(ài)上了那本英文小說(shuō)。(fallinlovewith)She________________________thatEnglishnovel.六、寫(xiě)作。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示寫(xiě)一篇短文（不少于60詞）。假設(shè)你的朋友李明（LiMing）在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上遇到了一