英語練習(xí)卷（滿分140分，完卷時(shí)間120分鐘）考生注意：1．本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分，試卷包括試題與答題要求，所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。2．答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫座位號(hào)和姓名。3．答題紙與試卷在試題編號(hào)上是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的，答題時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意，不能錯(cuò)位。I.ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Atabookingoffice. B.Atatheatre.C.Atarailwaystation. D.Atarestaurant.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:George,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou’vebookedatable.M:Iguessitisbecausethedishesherearecheapanddelicious.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Boring. B.Annoying.C.Inspiring. D.Interesting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingshow.IhopeyouenjoyeditasmuchasIdid.W:IhavetoadmitthatIfeltsleepyduringthetwohours.Q:Howdidthewomanliketheshow?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.ATVstation. B.Afootballmatch.C.Examscores. D.Sportsnews.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyoustayquiet?IamtryingtowatchthegameoftheChinawomen’snationalfootballteamonTV.M:So,what’sgoingon?Whatisthescore?Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Todosomeexercisesinabook. B.Todonothingbutreadabook.C.Towriteareviewafterreadingabook. D.Toreviewthingsintheexercisebook.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Dowehaveanyassignmentfortheweekend?W:Nothingtodointheexercisebook,butthenovelTheKiteRunnerisremendedandwehavetowriteabookreview.Q:Whatarethestudentsassignedtodoattheweekend?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Becauseheconsidersthemsmelly.B.Becausetheytroublehisnosealot.C.Becausehedoesn’tneedpleasantsmells.D.Becausetheydon’tlookpureorpleasant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Liliesaremyfavoriteflowers.Theylookpureandsmellpleasant.M:ButIfeelsickofthem.EverytimeIsmellthem,theykeepmesneezing.Q:Whydoesthemanfeelsickoflilies?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Ashopassistant. B.Atabletdesigner.C.Abankclerk. D.Agiftdeliverer.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.IreceivedthistabletasabirthdaygiftandI’dliketoreturnitsinceI’vealreadyhadone.W:Sorry,youcanonlyexchangeitforsomethingelseofequalvalue.Q:Whatisprobablythewoman?7.此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Thetwosidesofacoin. B.Aseriouseconomicsprofessor.C.Theeffectsofafinancialcrisis. D.Thedefinitionofafinancialcrisis.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Myeconomicsprofessorsaysthateverycoinhastwosides,includingafinancialcrisis.M:Youmeanafinancialcrisismaycreatesomeseriousproblemsandbringussomebenefitsaswell?Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Hecaughtabadcold. B.Heplannedtoworkoverseas.C.HewateredAnne’splants. D.Hetalkedheroutoftheplan.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:IsAnnestillplanningtoworkoverseas?W:No.Herhusbandthrewcoldwateronherplan.Q:WhatprobablydidAnne’shusbanddo?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Thegirldoesnotneedtogointothesupermarket.B.Itistimeforthegirltotryeatingsomethingsweet.C.Thegirloughtnottogoshoppingtogetherwithhim.D.Itisunsuitableforthegirltokeepeatingsweetfood.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Dad,whenyougotothesupermarket,buymesomemorechocolatesandcandies.M:Lookatyourteeth!Isn’tittimetokeepawayfromanythingsweet?Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Hecannotfindsomanyhistorybooks.B.Hedoesnothaveenoughtimetoread.C.Hedoesnothaveaccesstothebooklist.D.Hewon’tbeabletopasshistoryexams.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:IthinkChinesepoliticalhistoryisenjoyable,butI’llneverpletethereadinglist.W:Don’tworry.You’llfindtimesomewhere.Q:Whatisthemanworriedabout?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.A.Withslimmerfigures. B.Moreactive.C.Inpoorerhealth. D.Lessopenminded.12.A.Guardtheirhouses. B.Relievethestress.C.Makethemthinner. D.Leadtheway.13.A.Exercisemore. B.Stopkeepingpets.C.Eatless. D.Buildanotheryard.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】Althoughpastresearchhassuggestedthatpetscanofferpeoplehealthbenefits,anewstudyfromNorthernEuropefindsthatpetownerstendtobelessactiveandinpoorerhealththanthosewithoutapet.However,thatdoesn’tmeanpetsarebadforus,theresearchersnote.Severalstudieshavesuggestedthatcertainpeoplebenefitfromlivingwithadogoracat—apetmayhelplowerbloodpressureandheartrate,forexample,oreasestressandtreatloneliness.Thenewfindingssuggestthatpetownersasagrouparenothealthier.Usingsurveydatafrommorethan21,000youngtomiddleagedadultsinNorthernEurope,researchersfoundthatpetownersweregenerallymorelikelytobeoverweightandtoviewtheirownhealthaspoor.Thiswaslargelybecausepetownerstendedtobemiddleaged,havelesseducationandmorehealthrisks,explainedDr.Leena,thestudy’sleadauthor.Anddespitethefactthatdogswalkalot,dogownerstypicallygetlittleexercise.Thisisquitelikelybecausetheywereoftenhomeownerswhocouldsimplyputthedogintheyard,Leenanoted.Thefactthatpetownerswereinpoorerhealthdoesnotmeanthatpetsarenotbeneficial.Petowners,accordingtotheresearchers,mayjustneedtomakemoreofaneffort—suchaswalkingandplayingwiththedoginsteadofshowingitthewaytotheyard.(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:11.Basedonthenewstudy,whichbestdescribesthepetownersasawhole?12.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpetsbenefittheirowners?13.Whatarepetownersadvisedtodo?聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.A.Thereasonforpeople’sunusualbehavior.B.Chinesepeople’slovefortheOlympics.C.ThepopularityofastuffedpandainChina.D.People’sattentiontoathletes’performance.15.A.Peoplepreferredtheathletestothepetitions.B.Peoplelineduptobuyalimitededitionofpanda.C.Peoplewereexcitedaboutwildpandasnationwide.D.Peoplediscussedquitealotaboutthepetitions.16.A.Becauseofitslimitedstocks.B.Becauseofpeople’sinterestintheGames.C.Becauseofitsattractiontochildren.D.Becauseofpeople’sprideintheirnation.【答案】14.C15.D16.D【解析】【原文】NobodyhadexpectedashortageofstuffedpandaswhenChinawontherighttohostthe2022WinterOlympics,butafteraweekintotheGames,theChinesepublicshowedgreatinterestinthem.InthefinaldaysbeforetheBeijingWinterOlympicsbegan,itseemedasiftheChinesepublicbarelynoticedthepetitions.EvenstreetswerenotdecoratedwiththefiveringsoftheOlympics.However,soonaftertheGamesbegan,websiteswerefullofdiscussionsaboutthepetitionsandtheathletes,andanunexpectedwildbuyingbehaviorhasemerged.Mostpopularofallwasastuffedanimal—BingDwenDwen,aroundpandainasuitofice.Themainversionofthestuffedanimalsoldforabout200yuanat162officialstoresnationwide.Longlinesformedeverymorningtobuyitslimitedstocks.Theexcitementaboutthestuffedanimalwasunusual,becauseitwasnotevenalimitededition.JiangChao,a37yearoldBeijingresident,saidthatthedesignofBingDwenDwenappealedtoadultsaswellaschildren.“AmainreasonisChinesepeople’snationalpride,”hesaid.“WeareproudoftheopeningoftheWinterOlympics.Wearealsoconfidentofourculture.”(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:14.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?15.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedduringtheBeijingWinterOlympics?16.AccordingtoJiangChao,whywasBingDwenDwensowellreceived?聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.A.Amishteenagers. B.Anonlineprogram.C.TripstoLosAngeles. D.Animaginarymunity.18.A.Theydonothavemoderntechnology. B.Theyhaveneverlefttheirhome.C.Theydonotparkcarsbythemselves. D.Theyhaveneverseentheocean.19.A.Themodernworldlikestoteachchildrentofixmachines.B.TheAmishpeoplehavenocontactwiththemodernworld.C.ThemodernworlddoesnotweletheAmishteenagers.D.TheAmishpeopletakehorsesasameansoftransportation.20.A.Disappointedandsad. B.Upsetbutexcited.C.Annoyedandunhappy. D.Puzzledbutinterested.【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.D【解析】【原文】M:HaveyouseenthatonlineprogramaboutAmishpeople?W:No.Why?M:Oh,it’sreallyamazing.It’saboutthesefiveAmishteenagers.Youknow,theAmishmunityliveinthecountrysideofAmerica,andtheydon’thavemoderntechnology.W:Nomoderntechnology?Don’ttheyhaveputers?M:No.Nothing.Theybuildtheirownhouses,andridehorsestogohereandthereintheirmunity.Theydon’thavecars,ormobilephonesoranything.W:Wow!So,whathappensintheprogram?M:Well,theprogramtakesfiveAmishteenagerstoliveinabighouseinLosAngeles,withsomeotherteenagers,whoarenotAmish.W:So,theLosAngeleskidsteachtheseAmishpeopleaboutthemodernworld?M:Yes,that’sright.TheAmishhaveneverseentelevisionsbefore,orputers,videos,washingmachines...Nothing.W:Theyhaveneverseenthem?M:No.AndtheytaketheseAmishpeopletothebeach.CanyouimaginethattheAmishhaveneverseentheoceanbefore?Theprogramisreallygood.W:Yes,itsoundsinteresting.M:TheyalsogoouttoexperienceVRgamesanddosomeshopping.W:AnddotheAmishlikewhattheysee?Dotheylikethemodernworld?M:Well,theyfinditveryconfusing.Buteverythingisveryfascinating,eventhingslikecarparks!Andthegirlslikewearingthenewclothes.W:Carparks?Dothey…(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?18.WhichisthemainfactorthatmakesAmishpeoplespecial?19.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?20.HowdothefiveAmishteenagersfeelinthemodernworld?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.OpeningCeremonyShowsDifferenceStillrememberwhatwasdifferenton4thFebruarythisyear?____21____(put)theOlympictorchinthemiddleofagiantsnowflakeshapedcauldron(大鍋),thetwopersonssawitrisetothetopoftheNationalStadiumat2022WinterOlympicsopeningceremony.“TheOlympicspiritisnotnecessarilyshownthroughabigflame;thefireofonetorchcanbeasymbol,”saidZhangYimou,chiefdirectoroftheevent.Thegiant“snowflake”wasmadefrom91smaller____22____,eachwiththenameofaparticipatingcountryorregion.AccordingtoZhang,____23____(bine)thesmallersnowflakessymbolizespeople’sjointeffortstobuildamunitywithasharedfutureforhumanityandonlythroughsuchefforts____24____manoverethepandemic(流行病).The2008ceremonyboastedlargescaleperformancesdisplayingtraditionalChineseculture,whilethisyear’swascenteredaroundnaturalperformancesfromordinarypeople,____25____ZhangsoughttodeliverChinesestyleinadifferentway.Noneoftheperformersatthisopeningceremonyworeancientclothesaswereseen14yearsago.76participants____26____differentcountrieswalkedshouldertoshoulderthroughtheperformancezoneinaprogramthatgreetedallthepeoplearoundtheworld.Thisspecificareawassetagainstabackgroundofimages____27____(feature)pastOlympicpetitionsandtheglobalfightagainstCOVID19.Thispart____28____impressedmostviewersaimedtoshowthatordinaryanddiverseindividualscanreflecttheslogan—togetherforabrightfuture.Undertheguidanceof“greenOlympics”,theuseoffireworksthistimewasonly10percentthatofthe2008Games.Moreover,thecreativeapproach____29____onlyasingletorchwasplacedinsidethecauldronhighlightedChina’slowcarbonandenvironmentalprotectionefforts.Sofar,thetotalamountofcarbonemitted____30____(find)onlyone5,000thofthatatthe2008SummerGames.【答案】21.Putting##Havingput22.ones23.bining##tobine24.can##will##may##could##would##might25.because##since##as##for26.from27.featuring28.that##which29.that30.hasbeenfound【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了2022年冬奧會(huì)開幕式中奧運(yùn)火炬的設(shè)計(jì)及其深刻寓意?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在2022年冬奧會(huì)開幕式上，兩人將奧運(yùn)火炬放在巨大的雪花狀火炬大鍋中間，并親眼目睹了圣火上升到國(guó)家體育場(chǎng)的頂部。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，saw為謂語動(dòng)詞，空處需填非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，thetwopersons和put為主謂關(guān)系，需填寫現(xiàn)在分詞形式，則答案可為Putting。又因非謂語動(dòng)作put發(fā)生早于謂語saw，所以答案也可以填寫Havingput。故答案填Putting或者Havingput?！?2題詳解】考查代詞。句意：巨大的“雪花”由91個(gè)較小的“雪花”組成，每個(gè)“雪花”上都有一個(gè)參賽國(guó)家或地區(qū)的名字。由句意可知，空處指的是“雪花”，且空處前有數(shù)詞91修飾，則應(yīng)該表示復(fù)數(shù)的“雪花”，因此使用代詞ones代指上文提到的“snowflake”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填ones?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：張藝謀表示，將小雪花結(jié)合起來，象征著人類攜手構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，只有這樣，人類才能戰(zhàn)勝疫情。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語動(dòng)詞為symbolizes，為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，主語為_____thesmallersnowflakes，空中是主語，可以用動(dòng)名詞或者不定式作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，則空處填寫非謂語動(dòng)名詞形式bining或者tobine。故填bing或者tobine?！?4題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：張藝謀表示，將小雪花結(jié)合起來，象征著人類攜手構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，只有這樣，人類才能/會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝疫情。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，and引導(dǎo)的并列句中，only置于句首修飾方式狀語throughsuchefforts，則句子用部分倒裝，即提前助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。由句意可知，空處可填寫can或will或may或could或would或might來補(bǔ)全句意。故答案填寫can或will或may或could或would或might?！?5題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：2008年的頒獎(jiǎng)典禮亮點(diǎn)在于展示中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的大型表演，而今年的頒獎(jiǎng)典禮則以普通人的自然表演為中心，因?yàn)閺埶囍\想要嘗試用不同的方式展現(xiàn)中國(guó)風(fēng)格。分析句意，空處及之后從邏輯上是在解釋上句的原因，構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該填寫引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞because或since或as或for。故答案填寫because或since或as或for?！?6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：來自不同國(guó)家的76名選手肩并肩走過表演區(qū)，向全世界人民致意。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語為“76participants____differentcountries”，其中，“76participants”與“differentcountries”之間的邏輯關(guān)系是：76名選手來自于不同國(guó)家。介詞from表示“來自于”。故填from?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這一特定區(qū)域的背景是往屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽和全球抗擊新冠疫情的圖片。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語動(dòng)詞為wassetagainst，空處需填寫非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，images和feature之間為主謂關(guān)系，則需填寫現(xiàn)在分詞。故填featuring?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：最讓觀眾感到印象深刻的這一部分是為了展示平凡而多元的個(gè)體也能體現(xiàn)出“共同創(chuàng)造美好未來”的奧運(yùn)口號(hào)。分析句子可知，空處為修飾thispart的定語從句，先行詞thispart指代物，在定語從句中作主語，可以填寫that或者which在句子中作主語。故答案填寫that或which?！?9題詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：此外，這個(gè)只在奧運(yùn)火炬中放置一個(gè)火炬的創(chuàng)意方式突出了中國(guó)在低碳和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的努力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語為thecreativeapproach，謂語為highlighted，由句意可知，“____onlyasingletorchwasplacedinsidethecauldron”為從句，且從句是對(duì)于thecreativeapproach的解釋說明，從句不缺成分，語義完整，說明是同位語從句。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞中，that不承擔(dān)句子成份，沒有含義，符合題意。故填that?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，碳排放總量?jī)H為2008年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的5000分之一。分析句子，時(shí)間狀語sofar標(biāo)志現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)，主語thetotalamountofcarbon表單數(shù)，且與find之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱的現(xiàn)在完成被動(dòng)。故填hasbeenfound。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.speciesB.informedC.awarenessD.indicateE.additionalFfiguresG.advancedH.stickingI.stateJ.relianceK.basedSensorsforHouseplantsOverthepasttwoyearsJasminMoeller,a38yearoldinGermany,hasbeenbuyingmorehouseplants,makingherfeelmorefortable.Actually,thefactthatpeoplehavespentmuchmoretime___31___athomehasstartedatrendtobringmorenatureinside.IntheUK,thelatest___32___showthat2021houseplantsaleswere29%higherthanin2020.Itisasimilarpictureinothercountries,withsalesofhouseplantsintheUSrisingby18%lastyear,forinstance.Yetitisonethingtobuyahouseplantandquiteanothertosuccessfullylookafterit.Luckily,some___33___sensorsforindoorplantsmayhelpthosewithoutprofessionalskillsingardening.Thesedevices,usuallysolarpoweredandconnectedwirelesslytoauser’ssmartphone,shouldbeinsertedintothesoilnexttotheplants.Then,theyshowinrealtimethe___34___oftheplants.AsensormadebyGermanfirmGreensenshasapproximately5000plant___35___onitsappdatabase.Likeatrafficlightsystem,theappusesred,yellowandgreenfacesto___36___howplantsaredoing.Forexample,redrevealsthattheplantisdying,whilegreenmeansit’sinperfectcondition.Besides,usersareregularly___37___ofwhattheyshoulddowithplants.AnotherappreleasedbyGermanbusinessFytatellsusershowtheirplantsarebyanalyzingtheuploadedpicturesoftheplants.Italsoincludes___38___contentotherappsrarelyoffer,suchasculturalhistoryofsomeplants,souserscanlearnmoreabouttheirplants.However,BotanistSilverSpenceisworriedthat___39___onthesesensorsmayaffectusers’gardeningskillsnegatively.AndDavidAnglovremendsthatamateurstrytheirbesttoestablishtheirown____40____ofwhataplantneedsinvarioussituationsthroughcarefulobservation.BackinGermany,MsMoellersayssheissurethatthesensorsarehelpingherimprovegardeningskills.【答案】31.H32.F33.G34.I35.A36.D37.B38.E39.J40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在英國(guó)，最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年室內(nèi)植物銷售額比2020年高出29%。其他國(guó)家也有類似的情況，例如，去年美國(guó)室內(nèi)植物的銷量增長(zhǎng)了18%。幸運(yùn)的是，一些室內(nèi)植物的先進(jìn)傳感器可以幫助那些沒有專業(yè)園藝技能的人。這些設(shè)備通常由太陽能供電，并與用戶的智能手機(jī)無線連接，應(yīng)該插入植物旁邊的土壤中。然后，它們會(huì)實(shí)時(shí)顯示植物的狀態(tài)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：事實(shí)上，人們待在家里的時(shí)間越來越多，這已經(jīng)開始形成一種趨勢(shì)，把更多的大自然帶進(jìn)室內(nèi)。結(jié)合后文“athome”以及句意表示“待在家”應(yīng)用stickathome，上文為短語spendtimedoingsth.。故填sticking。故選H。【32題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在英國(guó)，最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年室內(nèi)植物銷售額比2020年高出29%。根據(jù)后文“showthat2021houseplantsaleswere29%higherthanin2020”以及句意“數(shù)據(jù)”可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)名詞figures。故填figures。故選F?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一些室內(nèi)植物的先進(jìn)傳感器可以幫助那些沒有專業(yè)園藝技能的人。根據(jù)后文“sensorsforindoorplantsmayhelpthosewithoutprofessionalskillsingardening”以及句意“先進(jìn)的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞advanced，作定語。故填advanced。故選G?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：然后，它們會(huì)實(shí)時(shí)顯示植物的狀態(tài)。根據(jù)后文“oftheplants”以及句意“狀態(tài)”可知應(yīng)填名詞state，故填state。故選I。【35題詳解】考查名詞。句意：德國(guó)Greensens公司制造的傳感器的應(yīng)用程序數(shù)據(jù)庫中有大約5000種植物。根據(jù)上文“approximately5000plant”以及句意可知應(yīng)填名詞species，作賓語。故填species。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：就像交通燈系統(tǒng)一樣，該應(yīng)用程序使用紅色、黃色和綠色的面孔來顯示植物的狀況。例如，紅色表明植物正在死亡，而綠色意味著它處于完美狀態(tài)。根據(jù)后文“howplantsaredoing”以及句意“顯示”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞indicate，此處為不定式。故填indicate。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：此外，用戶還經(jīng)常被告知他們應(yīng)該如何處理植物。根據(jù)后文“ofwhattheyshoulddowithplants”以及句意“告知”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞inform，此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填informed。故選B。【38題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：它還包括其他應(yīng)用程序很少提供的額外內(nèi)容，比如一些植物的文化歷史，這樣用戶就可以更多地了解他們的植物。根據(jù)后文“contentotherappsrarelyoffer”以及句意“額外”可知應(yīng)填形容詞additional，作定語。故填additional。故選E?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：然而，植物學(xué)家SilverSpence擔(dān)心，依賴這些傳感器可能會(huì)對(duì)用戶的園藝技能產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。根據(jù)后文“onthesesensorsmayaffectusers’gardeningskillsnegatively”以及句意“依賴”可知應(yīng)填名詞reliance，作主語。故填reliance。故選J。【40題詳解】考查名詞。句意：大衛(wèi)·安格洛夫建議業(yè)余愛好者通過仔細(xì)觀察，盡最大努力建立自己的意識(shí)，了解植物在各種情況下需要什么。根據(jù)后文“ofwhataplantneeds”以及句意“意識(shí)”可知應(yīng)填名詞，作賓語，不可數(shù)。故填awareness。故選C。III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.SciencemayneverknowthesecretstomemoriesoftheCaliforniaseahare,afootlongseasnail.Butaresearchteamclaimtohavemadeprogressin___41___thesimplestkindofmemoryamollusk(軟體動(dòng)物)mightform,and,withaswiftinjection,managedto___42___oneseasnail’smemorytoanother.Thekindsofmemoriesthatstartadefensivereactioninthesnailsareencodednotinthe___43___betweenbraincellsbutinRNAmolecules(分子),accordingtoDavidGlanzman,abiologistatUCLA.To___44___theidea,GlanzmanimplantedwiresintothetailsofCaliforniaseaharesandgavethemaseriesofelectricshocks.Theproceduremadetheanimalsso___45___thatwhentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodiesintensely.Glanzmanparesthereactiontobeingnervousafteranearthquake:thememoryoftheeventcausesa(n)___46___responsetoanyloudnoise.Aftersensitizingtheseasnails,GlanzmantookRNAoutfromthemand___47___itintonewseasnailstoseewhatwouldhappen.Hethenfoundthenewonesare___48___sensitized,suggestingthe“memory”oftheelectricalshockshadbeentransplanted.AccordingtoGlanzmanandhisresearchteam,theexperimentshowsthat___49___partsofthememorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthanintheconnectivityofbraincells.However,theworkhasnotyetfoundwidespread____50____.“Furtherworkneedstobecarriedouttodeterminewhetherthesephenomenaareobviousandwhatisthe____51____ofsuchphenomena,”saidProfVannatCardiffUniversity.“Whileaseasnailisafantasticmodel,wemustbevery____52____indrawingparisonstohumanmemoryprocesses,whicharemuchmoreplex.”TomásRyanatTrinityCollegeDublin,is____53____.“Thisworktakesusdownaninterestingroad,butIhavedoubtaboutitandIdon’tthinkthey’vetransplantedamemory,”hesaid.“Thisworktellsmethatmaybethemostbasicbehavioralresponsesinvolvesomekindofchangeintheanimal.”____54____,Ryanaddedthatsuchcreativethinkingaboutmemorywasingreatneed:“Inafieldfullofacceptancebutlacking____55____,weneedasmanynewideasaspossible.”41.A.deleting B.disturbing C.refreshing D.understanding42.A.transfer B.adjust C.pare D.relate43.A.connections B.conflicts C.secrets D.distances44.A.promote B.test C.eliminate D.impose45.A.sensitive B.adaptable C.strong D.relaxed46.A.necessary B.peaceful C.unconscious D.impossible47.A.plunged B.invested C.translated D.injected48.A.crazily B.dangerously C.scarcely D.equally49.A.optional B.essential C.memorial D.virtual50.A.association B.recognition C.innovation D.publication51.A.depth B.application C.basis D.description52.A.imaginative B.careful C.ambitious D.speedy53.A.supported B.persuaded C.unappreciated D.unconvinced54.A.Nevertheless B.Eventually C.Forexample D.Asaresult55.A.expression B.likelihood C.suspicion D.disturbance【答案】41.D42.A43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.D49.B50.B51.C52.B53.D54.A55.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是一個(gè)研究小組聲稱，在理解軟體動(dòng)物可能形成的最簡(jiǎn)單的記憶方面取得了進(jìn)展，并且通過快速注射，成功地將一只海螺的記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到另一只海螺身上?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但一個(gè)研究小組聲稱，在理解軟體動(dòng)物可能形成的最簡(jiǎn)單的記憶方面取得了進(jìn)展，并且通過快速注射，成功地將一只海螺的記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到另一只海螺身上。A.deleting刪除；B.disturbing打擾；C.refreshing使恢復(fù)精神；D.understanding理解。由上文的“SciencemayneverknowthesecretstomemoriesoftheCaliforniaseahare”可知，句子表示“一個(gè)研究小組聲稱，在理解軟體動(dòng)物可能形成的最簡(jiǎn)單的記憶方面取得了進(jìn)展”，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但一個(gè)研究小組聲稱，在理解軟體動(dòng)物可能形成的最簡(jiǎn)單的記憶方面取得了進(jìn)展，并且通過快速注射，成功地將一只海螺的記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到另一只海螺身上。A.transfer轉(zhuǎn)移；B.adjust調(diào)整；C.pare比較；D.relate使有聯(lián)系。由“oneseasnail’smemorytoanother”可知，是將一只海螺的記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到另一只海螺身上，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的生物學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·格蘭茲曼的說法，在蝸牛中啟動(dòng)防御反應(yīng)的那種記憶不是編碼在腦細(xì)胞之間的連接中，而是編碼在RNA分子中。A.connections連接；B.conflicts矛盾；C.secrets秘密；D.distances距離。由“betweenbraincells”和第9空后的“partsofthememorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthanintheconnectivityofbraincells”可知，此處是指腦細(xì)胞之間的連接，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了驗(yàn)證這一想法，格蘭茲曼將電線植入加州海兔的尾巴，并對(duì)它們進(jìn)行一系列電擊。A.promote促進(jìn)；B.test測(cè)試；C.eliminate消除；D.impose實(shí)施。由后文的“GlanzmanimplantedwiresintothetailsofCaliforniaseaharesandgavethemaseriesofelectricshocks”可知，為了驗(yàn)證這一想法，格蘭茲曼將電線植入加州海兔的尾巴，并對(duì)它們進(jìn)行一系列電擊，故選B。【45題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)過程使這些動(dòng)物非常敏感，當(dāng)它們被觸摸時(shí)，它們會(huì)強(qiáng)烈地收縮身體的某些部位。A.sensitive敏感的；B.adaptable能適應(yīng)的；C.strong強(qiáng)大的；D.relaxed放松的。由后文的“whentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodiesintensely”可知，當(dāng)它們被觸摸時(shí)，它們會(huì)強(qiáng)烈地收縮身體的某些部位，說明它們很敏感，故選A。【46題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：格蘭茲曼將這種反應(yīng)比作地震后的緊張：對(duì)事件的記憶會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)任何巨大噪音的無意識(shí)反應(yīng)。A.necessary需要的；B.peaceful和平的；C.unconscious無意識(shí)的；D.impossible不可能的。由上文的“thememoryoftheeventcauses”和下文的“responsetoanyloudnoise”可知，對(duì)事件的記憶會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)任何巨大噪音的無意識(shí)反應(yīng)，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在對(duì)海螺進(jìn)行敏感處理后，Glanzman從海螺中取出RNA，并將其注射到新的海螺中，看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么。A.plunged猛推；B.invested投資；C.translated翻譯；D.injected注射。由上文的“GlanzmantookRNAoutfromthem”和下文的“itintonewseasnailstoseewhatwouldhappen”可知，Glanzman從海螺中取出RNA，并將其注射到新的海螺中，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他發(fā)現(xiàn)新的海螺同樣敏感，這表明電擊的“記憶”被移植了。A.crazily瘋狂地；B.dangerously危險(xiǎn)地；C.scarcely幾乎不；D.equally平等地。由下文的“the“memory”oftheelectricalshockshadbeentransplanted”和上文的“Theproceduremadetheanimalsso__5__thatwhentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodiesintensely”可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)新的海螺同樣敏感，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：格蘭茲曼和他的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)表示，該實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，記憶痕跡的關(guān)鍵部分保存在RNA中，而不是腦細(xì)胞的連接中。A.optional可選擇的；B.essential必要的；C.memorial紀(jì)念的；D.virtual虛擬的。由后文的“partsofthememorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthanintheconnectivityofbraincells”可知，該實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，記憶痕跡的關(guān)鍵部分保存在RNA中，而不是腦細(xì)胞的連接中，故選B。【50題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這項(xiàng)工作尚未得到廣泛認(rèn)可。A.association協(xié)會(huì)；B.recognition認(rèn)可；C.innovation創(chuàng)新；D.publication出版。由后文的“Furtherworkneedstobecarriedout”可知，這項(xiàng)工作尚未得到廣泛認(rèn)可，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：需要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究，以確定這些現(xiàn)象是否明顯，以及這些現(xiàn)象的基礎(chǔ)是什么。A.depth深度；B.application應(yīng)用；C.basis基礎(chǔ)；D.description描述。由后文的“ofsuchphenomena”可知，此處表示“這些現(xiàn)象的基礎(chǔ)是什么”，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然海蝸牛是一個(gè)神奇的模型，但我們必須非常小心地將其與人類的記憶過程進(jìn)行比較，因?yàn)槿祟惖挠洃涍^程要復(fù)雜得多。A.imaginative富有想象力的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；C.ambitious雄心勃勃的；D.speedy快速的。由后文的“drawingparisonstohumanmemoryprocesses,whicharemuchmoreplex”可知，我們必須非常小心地將其與人類的記憶過程進(jìn)行比較，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：都柏林三一學(xué)院的托馬斯·瑞恩對(duì)此表示懷疑。A.supported被支持的；B.persuaded被說服的；C.unappreciated未被欣賞的；D.unconvinced懷疑的。由下文的“Ihavedoubtaboutit”可知，此處表示他對(duì)此是懷疑的，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義和固定短語辨析。句意：然而，瑞安補(bǔ)充說，這種關(guān)于記憶的創(chuàng)造性思維是非常需要的。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Eventually最后；C.Forexample例如；D.Asaresult結(jié)果。由下文的“Ryanaddedthatsuchcreativethinkingaboutmemorywasingreatneed”和上文的“Ihavedoubtaboutit”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格處是“然而”，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)充滿接受但缺乏懷疑的領(lǐng)域，我們需要盡可能多的新想法。A.expression表情；B.likelihood可能性；C.suspicion懷疑；D.disturbance干擾。由上文的“afieldfullofacceptance”可知，此處表示“一個(gè)充滿接受但缺乏懷疑的領(lǐng)域”，故選C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)HurlenPatanounzippedherjacket,pulledoutherphone,andmadeacall,“Bringhelp!”Thatmorning,KenScottbumpedintohisfriendRebeccaHurlenPatanoinSilverMountainResort.Theynoticedthatthe6200footWardnerPeak,hometothechallengingexpertlevelroute,wasnowopen.Ithadbeenclosedallseasonoverconcernsaboutanavalanche,suddenfallofamassofsnow.“Let’sgoforit!”HurlenPatanoproposed.Almostimmediatelytheytookofffromthatpeak,thesnowbeneathgaveway.Inamillisecond,“Avalanche!”sheyelledtoScott.HurlenPatanohadendeduppartiallyburiedandmanagedtopullherselfout.Shelookeduphilltowhereshe’dlastseenScottandshoutedhisname.Noresponse.Thenshemadethecall.Wordspreadquickly,andsoonprofessionalrescuersandskierswereheadingtotheavalanchesitewithtools.Likeamander,HurlenPatanostayedcalmandpointedoutpossibleplaces.Rescuersformedalinealongtheslope,andpositionedtheirtenfootpolesdo