專題04完形填空

1（2023上?上海?高二華師大二附中?？计谀㏕heannouncementofschoolclosuresistypicallymetwitha

highdegreeofemotionandconcern.InPhiladelphia,theproposalhasalsobeenmetwithplentyof1,

fromtheformationofflashmobs（快閃族）tomarchesthroughoutthecity.2,districtofficialsassertthat

closingschoolsinoneofthelargestschooldistrictsinthecountryistheonlywaytobalanceaschoolbudgetin

hardtimes.

AccordingtoareportinthePhiladelphiaPublicSchoolsNotebook,districtsuperintendentWilliamHitehas

recommendedtheclosureof37cityschools.Hitehasclaimedthattheclosuresareanecessarysteptoward3

theschooldistrictasignificantamountofmoney.Thedistrictestimatestheclosureswouldresultinsavingsof

around$28millionannually.Itwouldalsobea4movetowardamorecompetitiveschoolsystemsince

moreresourcescouldbepouredintotheremainingschools.

However,opponentstotheclosureplansaythesavingstothedistrictwouldbe5sincedistrict

officialswerenotcurrentlyfactoringinthecostof6andtransitionexpenses.Protestersalsonotethat

theclosurescould7additionalcharterschool（特許學(xué)校）growth,whichhadalreadytakenasignificant

biteoutoftheschooldistricfsbudget.Studentsandparentsoftheschoolscitedforclosurealsovoiceconcernthat

takingawayneighborhoodschoolswouldtakeawaythesafehavens（避難所）thatmanystudentshavecometo

thinkofas8awayfromhome.

Activistsopposedtotheschoolclosureshaveorganizedinto9groupswithanimpressivepresence

intheCityofBrotherlyLove.ThePhiladelphiaStudentUnion,astudentorganizationcreatedin1995toempower

studentsthroughoutthecity,hastakenontheschoolclosurecause,10visibleprotestsinthecity.

Anothergroup,thePhiladelphiaCoalitionAdvocatingforPublicSchools,hasalso11thecause.This

organizationincludesthecity's12union,whichisalsoopposedtotheproposedschoolclosures.

Theorganizationshavejoinedothergroupsofstudents,parents,andeducatorstomaketheirvoicesknown

throughouttheschooldistricts.Throughavarietyofprotestsaswellasattendanceatpublicmeetings,protesters

havebecomeavisiblepresenceonthe13ofschoolclosuresinPhiladelphia.Theirsizeandemotion

havenotgone14bydistrictofficials,whohavebeen15tolistentotheoppositionas

theycopewiththepossibilityofclosingPhiladelphiaPublicSchools.

1.A.participantsB.onlookersC.protestsD.respondents

2.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Besides

3.A.earningB.collectingC.depositingD.saving

4.A.controversialB.riskyC.positiveD.dumb

5.A.encouragingB.minimalC.optimalD.undeniable

6.A.collegeB.livingC.transportationD.business

7.A.assessB.controlC.fuelD.sustain

8.A.homesB.schoolsC.districtsD.accommodations

9.A.invisibleB.mistakableC.identifiableD.favorable

10.A.stagingB.ignoringC.hidingD.prohibiting

11.A.foundfaultwithB.takenadvantageofC.signedupforD.thrownlighton

12.A.closuresB.schoolsC.teachersD.students

13.A.basisB.issueC.fulfillmentD.number

14.A.identifiedB.unnoticedC.selectedD.demonstrated

15.A.smartB.reluctantC.hesitantD.willing

2.（2023上?上海浦東新?高二統(tǒng)考期末）Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?

Newresearchsuggeststhat,toalargedegree,thereasonforthe“badfdod“mightjustbeachangeinourabilityto

perceivetaste.

TheFraunhoferInstitute,aGermanresearchorganization,conductedastudyonwhyadishthatwouldbe

perfectly16inarestaurantwouldseemunattractivewhileintheair.Inamockaircraftcabin,

researcherstriedoutingredientsatbothsealevelandinapressurizedcondition.

Theairinsideanairplanecabinis15percentdrierthantheairthatwewould17breathewhileon

theground.Inanenvironmentlikethis,ourpowersofsmellbegintodriftaway.18actuallystartsto

deterioratethemomentwesteponaplane.Thesituationworsensoncetheairplanebeginstoclimb.Inthissituation,

ournasalcavitiesswell（腫脹）.Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingfoodtasteless19.You

knowhowdininginsuchconditionscanbelikeifyouhaveevertriedtoeatwhileyouaresufferingfromacoldor

theflu.Researchhasalsoshownthatthelowertemperatureandairpressureinsideofanairplanecanmakeit

hardertodetectaroma.Theseairbornemolecules（空中的分子）,by20thenose'ssensorycells,playan

importantroleintheprocessoftasting.

21,vibrationsfromtheairstrikingthehull（機(jī)身），aswellastheroaringoftheplane'senginesand

thewindsoutsideofit,collectivelyproducearatherconstant"22whichisequivalenttocitytraffic.

Researchershavefoundthatloudnoises23ourabilitytoappreciatesweetflavors.

Allthatbeingsaid,“badfbod^^can'tbeblamedsolelyonthein-cabinconditions.Preparingandservingtasty

foodforpassengersabovethecloudsisno24task.Allmealsmustbecookedontheground,which

demandsthatthefoodberobust（味道濃郁的）.Such25formassproductiondefinitelytiesdownthe

chef'shands.

16.A.intangibleB.availableC.acceptableD.incredible

17.A.originallyB.normallyC.respectivelyD.flexibly

18.A.ScentB.SightC.FlavorD.Breath

19.A.rewardingB.amusingC.appetizingD.astonishing

20.A.adjustingB.stimulatingC.evaluatingD.consuming

21.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Moreover

22.A.movementB.noiseC.strikeD.problem

23.A.spreadoutB.holdbackC.takeawayD.pullover

24.A.complexB.crucialC.easyD.ethical

25.A.requirementB.argumentC,improvementD.treatment

3.（2023上?上海奉賢?高二?？计谀〤hinabecomesaworldleaderincleantechnologybyfightingenvironmental

pollution,sharingexperience.

ErikSolheim,formerexecutivedirectoroftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentalProgramme,saidheis26

withChina'sphenomenalachievementsoverthepastdecadeinfightingenvironmentalpollutionandclimate

change,andinitsmarchtoward27development.

Thisisvery28tohisTwitterfollowers.Solheim'slatesttweetsincludeoneaboutChinaranking

firstgloballyinplantedforestsandforestcoveragegrowth,29aquarteroftheworld'snewforestsin

thepastdecade;oneaboutChinaproducing60percentofglobalsolarenergylastyearand80percentofsolar

panels;andanotherhighlightingthefactthat80percentoftheworld'snewoffshorewindcapacitywasinstalledin

Chinalastyear.

Hebelievesthatifstimefortherestoftheworldto30.

ForSolheim,whoisalsotheformerNorwegianMinisteroftheEnvironmentandMinisterofInternational

Development,China'sachievementsontheclimateandenvironmentalfrontsallstartedwithitsfightagainst

31.

“Peoplewantedtoseebeautifulskiesovertheircities,9,hetoldChinaDaily."The32fast

reductioninairpollutioninChinesecitiesoverthelastdecadeshowshowfastChinacanact.Thishasnowspilled

overintorenewableenergy,natureprotection,electricmobility,treeplantingandalotmore.Today,Chinaisthe

worldleaderinall33technologies.9,

Thelatest34fromChina'sMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentproveSolheim'sobservations

thatthecountryisrapidlyswitchingtoamoresustainablepath.

MinisterofEcologyandEnvironmentHuangRunqiutoldanewsconferenceonSept15thatthecountry's

toughestmeasuresandgreatestprogressontheecologicalandenvironmentalfronthaveoccurredinthelastdecade.

Hesaidthat35painstakingeffortstocombatpollution,clearwatersandblueskieshavebecome

morecommonplace.

Whilepoorairqualityusedtobeasourceoffrequentpubliccomplaints,theaverage36of

hazardousairbornePM2.5particlesdroppedfrom46to30microgramspercubic（立方的）meterbetween2015and

lastyear.

About87.5percentofdayslastyearwereratedashavinggoodairquality,up6.3percentagepointsfrom2015,

makingChinathecountrywiththebiggest37inairqualityintheworld.

Inthelastdecade,the38ofwateratoraboveGradeIIIinthecountry'sfive-tierwaterquality

systemrose23.3percentagepointsto84.9percent,closetothelevelsindevelopedcountries.Carbonintensity,or

carbonemissionsperunitofGDP,hasdeclinedby34.4percent,withcoal39for56percentoftotal

energyconsumption,comparedto68.5percentadecadeago.

Chinahashaslegislatedorrevisedroughly30lawsandregulations,someofwhichfocusedonwaterresource

protection,includingtheWaterPollutionPreventionandControlLaw,whichwasmodifiedin2017,andthe

YangtzeRiverProtectionLaw,which40lastyear.

26.A.confusedB.impressedC.obsessedD.connected

27.A.availableB.accessibleC.sustainableD.substantial

28.A.evidentB.attractiveC.invisibleD.unique

29.A.donatingB.contributingC.manufacturingD.distributing

30.A.fallbehindB.putforwardC.lookupD.catchup

31.A.pollutionB.environmentC.ecologyD.emission

32.A.probablyB.inevitablyC.incrediblyD.traditionally

33.A.biologicalB.advancedC.far-reachingD.green

34.A.studyB.figuresC.technologiesD.innovation

35.A.thankstoB.despiteC,regardlessofD.otherthan

36.A.heightB.lengthC.concentrationD.weight

37.A.obstacleB.improvementC.contributionD.cultivation

38.A.qualityB.flavorC.depositD.proportion

39.A.accountingB.makingC.lookingD.applying

40.A.tookeffectB.tookplaceC.tooktoD.tookin

4.（2023上?上海?高二上海市吳淞中學(xué)校考期末）Thankstotheirevolutionaryancestry,domesticcatsare,actually

bytheirnature,moreindependentthandogs.Ourcats,whosewildancestorsdidn'tenjoylivinginsocialgroupsas

dogsdo,41,duringtheprocessofdomestication,graduallydevelopedthecapabilitytoformsocial

relationshipsnotjustwithothercats,butalsowithpeople.

Althoughindependentcatsmaynot42uponpeopletogainsecurityasdogsdo,theyshowaffection

fortheirguardiansandseemtoattachimportancetothe43oftheirhumancompanions.Theirstrong

attachmenttohumansispartly44bytheirexperiencesofbeingcaredbypeopleasakitten.Catsbehave

towardshumansintheexactlysamewaythattheyrespondtotheirfelinefriends,sothesecretofwhetheryourcat

feels45toyouliesintheirbehaviour.

Catshavesuccessfullygainedanedgefortheiroutstandingabilitytocommunicatewithothercatsoverlong

distancesandevenwhennolonger46present.Ourpetcatshave47this“supersense“anddepend

heavilyonthisformofcommunication.Particularly,catsusescenttoidentifymembersoftheirsocialgroupor

family,bysharingagroupscentprofile.Catshavespecificscentglandsontheirflanks,headandaroundtheirears,

andoftenrubtheirheadsagainstpeopleandobjectsthatarefamiliarand48.Thesoftsensationyoufeel

againstyourcalvesisactuallyyourcat49youasafriendandisahugecompliment.

Oneofthemostsignsthatyourbelovedpetiskeenonyou,isthewayyourcatgreetsyou.Whencatsgreet

membersoftheirsocialgroup,they50toshowsignalstoindicatefriendshipandadesiretomovecloser.

Also,Catsshowthesesignalstohumans.Rollingoverand51theirvulnerableunderbellytoyouis

anotherdistinctgesturethatacathasultimatefaithinyou.

Besides,yourcatmightalsobesecretlysignallingtheiraffectionbychangingthewaytheylookatyou.When

cats52strangehumansorothercatstheyaren'tfamiliarwith,theyusuallygreetthemwithan53

stare.Buttheyaremorelikelytoslowlyblinkatcatstheyhaveagoodrelationshipwith.Researchindicatesslow

blinksare54apositiveemotionalstateandcanbeasignoftrust,contentmentandaffection,55

toagenuinehumansmile.

41.A.howeverB.meanwhileC.besidesD.otherwise

42.A.putB.restC.calculateD.stick

43.A.companyB.edgeC.resolutionD.affection

44.A.weakenedB.affectedC.worsenedD.strengthened

45.A.distancedB.perceivedC.bondedD.appealed

46.A.physiologicallyB.physicallyC.psychologicallyD.realistically

47.A.ignoredB.abandonedC.overlookedD.possessed

48.A.comfortingB.exhaustingC.enduringD.charming

49.A.demandingB.approachingC.identifyingD.defining

50.A.prepareB.tendC.wishD.contribute

51.A.exposingB.committingC.attachingD.pushing

52.A.knockB.bumpC.encounterD.stare

53.A.unknownB.undecidedC.unblinkingD.uncertain

54.A.associatedwithB.addictedtoC.adjustedtoD.assumedto

55.A.criticalB.similarC.gratefulD.decent

5.（2022上?上海?高二期末）Wemustfacethefactthattherearemanyaspectsoftheinformationage.All

informationmakesusanxious.Oversomeofthese,wehavelittleornocontrol.Ontheotherhand,therearesteps

wecantaketoeliminatemuchof56.Wemightsay,then,thatsurvivalintheinformationageisa

challengingyet57task.

Tosomeextent,weareallreceiversandgiversofinformation.Ourbrain,however,receivesandprocesses

informationindifferentways.Onewayinvolvestheamazingcapacityofthebraintoprocessinformation

subconsciously.

Anotherwayinvolves58processingofinformationsuchasduringconversation.Wehaveagreat

dealofcontroloverthistypeofinformationprocessing---bothasgiversandreceivers.Ifweindulge（任憑）

ourselvestalkingabouttinythingsorevenharmfulinformation,valuabletimeand59canbewasted.

Meanwhilethiscanmakeusandothersanxious.Youmayloseopportunitiestoabsorbanddistributeinformation

thatistrulyusefulfor60inthistroubledworld.

Informationgatheredbyreadingisprocessedconsciouslyand61takeslongest.Thewrittenwordis

stillthemostpowerfulwayof62imaginationandconveyinginformation,ideas,andconcept.

Howcanwe63somuchinformationfromvarioussources,suchasreadingmaterial,TVprogram,

computergames,andother64activities?Theanswerisscreening.Screening,sortingoutorprioritizing

whatweneedtohear,see,sayorreadmay65muchinformationanxiety.

Tocutthroughconfusinginformation,66thisbasicrule:Keepitsimple!Thesecretto

processinginformationisnarrowingyour67ofinformation.Simplicityis68inmany

AsianculturesandisevenrecognizedinWesternculturesasasuperiorwayofliving.WriterDuaneElgin

69_____「Tolivemoresimplyistolivemorepurposefullyandwitha70_____ofneedlessdistraction.^^

56.A.anxietyB.troubleC.interestD.curiosity

57.A.donatingB.accomplishingC.rewardingD.searching

58.A.sensitiveB.consciousC.unconsciousD.reasonable

59.A.healthB.wealthC.powerD.energy

60.A.expandingB.survivingC.stretchingD.bearing

61.A.henceB.howeverC.stillD.yet

62.A.cooperatingB.findingC.stimulatingD.removing

63.A.thinkofB.dealwithC.dowithD.ruleover

64.A.considerateB.professionalC.humorousD.recreational

65.A.getridofB.bringaboutC.breakintoD.cometo

66.A.catchB.applyC.abandonD.offer

67.A.rankB.limitC.fieldD.lane

68.A.receivedB.suppliedC.labeledD.recommended

69.A.opposedB.statedC.declinedD.offered

70.A.minimumB.maximumC.quantityD.presence

優(yōu)選提升提

6.（2022上?上海?高二上海中學(xué)?？计谀㎜eftoutofsociety:Vanuatu^deafcommunitypushfornational

signlanguage

TasaleEdwardBule,a45-year-oldfisherfromVanuatu'sEfateisland,remembersthedaytheworldwent

silent."Iwokeuponemorningandremembernothearingthebirdssing,ortheroostercrow/Bulesays."Iasked

everyonetocallmynametoseeifIwouldhearthem-itwasthenIrealisedIhad71thehearinginboth

myears.^^TheillnessthattookhishearinghasneverbeenclearlyexplainedtoBulebyadoctor.Butat14,andwith

no72signlanguageordisabilitysupport,heleftschool,despitedreamingofonedaybecomingapilotor

anengineer.

Bule'sstorywouldbe73muchofthedeafcommunityinthePacificcountryofVanuatu.Withno

nationalsignlanguage,mostpeoplehaveto74theirownwaystocommunicate.Someusesignsthey've

developedwiththeirfamiliesandcommunities,butthen75tocommunicateoutsidethisgroup.Others,

likeBule,relylargelyonlip-readingto76.

Disabilityadvocatessaythisleavesthedeafcommunityunabletoparticipatefullyinsociety.Thegroupare

alsomore77duringnaturaldisasters,frequentinVanuatu.Thuspeopleareseekingtocreateanofficial

languageinthehopeof78lifeforthehardofhearingcommunityinthePacificnation.

79,thegovernmenthopestofixthistoo.Itiscurrentlydevelopinganationalsignlanguage,tobe

calledStorianwetemhan,or"usinghandstocommunicate^^.

Theinitiative,whichisfundedbytheGlobalPartnershipforEducationandtheWorldBank,hasseen

80travelthecountrycollectingsignsfromdeafpeople,andfilmingdeafpeoplesigningdifferentwords,

whichwillbe81toasignlanguagedictionarysoftwareprogramandturnedintoanationalsign

language.

Oncedeveloped,VanuatuwouldjoinFiji,Kiribati,SamoaandSolomonIslandsasPacificnationswitha

nationalsignlanguage,thoughatpresentPapuaNewGuineaistheonlycountrywhereitssignlanguage,

Auslan-PNGSign,isanofficially82nationallanguage.

ThegovernmenthopesthatStorianwetemhanwillbeabletobe83fullyacrossthecountryin

2024.

Fornowthough,ArthurSimrai,afieldofficerfortheVanuatuSocietyforPeopleLivingwithDisabilitySimrai,

saysthatmanyofthoselivingwithhearinglossdon't84signlanguageontherareoccasionsthatthey

seeit."Mostofthepeoplewhocan'thear,theydon'tknowthesignlanguageonthescreen,9,hesaid."Theyhave

theirownsignathome...withtheirfamilytosignalorcommunicatewhattheywant...butnoteveryoneinthe

communityknow.^^

IfVanuatuisabletomakea85ofitsnationalsignlanguage,Simraisays,itwouldmakean

enormousdifferencetothelivesofpeoplewhoaredeafacrossthecountry.

71.A.enhancedB.lostC,developedD.disabled

72.A.independenceofB.treatmentforC.impactonD.accessto

73.A.appealingtoB.familiartoC.distinctfromD.dueto

74.A.inventB.performC.enhanceD.abandon

75.A.manageB.resolveC.deserveD.struggle

76.A.getbyB.backupC.settledownD.takeover

77.A.plausibleB.distractedC.vulnerableD,regretful

78.A.creatingB.conveyingC.changingD.combining

79.A.ThereforeB.MeanwhileC.HoweverD.Nevertheless

80.A.officialsB.netizensC.soldiersD.therapists

81.A.deliveredB.downloadedC.filteredD.uploaded

82.A.exposedB.targetedC.consideredD.recognised

83.A.referredtoB.rolledoutC.deprivedofD.drunkto

84.A.rememberB.collectC.recogniseD.film

85.A.copyB.messC.successD.series

7.（2022上?上海?高二曹楊二中校考期末）Threehundredyearsagonewstravelledbywordofmouthorletter,

andcirculatedintaverns（酒館）andcoffeehousesintheformofpamphletsandnewsletters.Thecoffeehouses

particularlyareveryroomyforafreeconversation,andforreadingataneasierrateallmannerofprintednews,

notedoneobserver.Everythingchangedin1833whenthefirstmass-audiencenewspaper,TheNewYorkSun,

86theuseofadvertisingtoreducethecostofnews,thusgivingadvertisersaccesstoawideraudience.The

pennypress,followedbyradioandtelevision,turnednewsfromatwo-way87intoaone-waybroadcast,

witharelativelysmallnumberoffirmscontrollingthemedia.Now,thenewsindustryis88to

somethingclosertothecoffeehouse.TheInternetismakingnewsmoreparticipatory,socialanddiverse,reviving

the89characteristicsof"theerabeforethemassmedia^^.Inmuchoftheworld,themassmediaare

flourishing.Newspapercirculationrosegloballyby6%between2005and2009.Butthoseglobalfiguresmaska

sharp90inreadershipinrichcountries.

Overthepastdecade,throughouttheWesternworld,peoplehavebeengivingupnewspapersandTVnewsand

91eventsinprofoundlydifferentways.Most92ordinarypeopleareincreasinglyinvolvedin

compiling,sharing,filtering,discussinganddistributingnews.Twitterletspeopleanywherereportwhattheyare

seeing.Social-networkingsiteshelppeoplefind,discussandsharenewswiththeirfriends.

Anditisnotjustreaderswhoare93themediaelite.TechnologyfirmsincludingGoogle,Facebook

andTwitterhavebecomeimportantchannelsofnews.Celebritiesandworldleaderspublishupdatesdirectlyvia

socialnetworks;manycountriesnowmakerawdata94throughopengovernmentinitiatives.The

Internetletspeoplereadnewspapersorwatchtelevisionchannelsfromaroundtheworld.Thewebhasallowednew

95ofnews,fromindividualbloggerstosites,torisetofameinaveryshortspaceoftime.Thenewsagendais

nolongercontrolledbyafewpressgiantsandstateoutlets.

96,everyliberal（自由人）shouldcelebratethis.Amore97newsenvironmentwitha

remarkablediversityandrangeofnewssources,isagoodthing.Thetransformationofthenewsbusinessis

unstoppable,andattemptsto98itaredoomedtofailure.Asproducersofnewjournalism,individuals

canbecautiousoffactsandtransparent（透明的）withtheirsources.Asconsumers,theycanbegeneralintheir

tastesanddemandingintheirstandards.Andalthoughthis99doesraiseconcernsthereismuchto

celebrateinthenoisy,diverse,argumentativeandaliveenvironmentofthenewsbusinessintheagesoftheInternet.

The100isback.Enjoyit.

86.A.rejectedB.substitutedC,pioneeredD.celebrated

87.A.conversationB.cultureC.channelD.business

88.A.applyingB.returningC.contributingD.clinging

89.A.comparableB.desirableC.delicateD.free

90.A.turnB.differenceC.declineD.contrast

91.A.makingupforB.keepingupwithC.givingrisetoD.shiftingawayfrom

92.A.strikinglyB.ironicallyC.likelyD.recently

93.A.embracingB.challengingC.subscribingD.regulating

94.A.trustworthyB.readableC.availableD.incredible

95.A.providersB.witnessesC.consumersD.collectors

96.A.ForexampleB.BycomparisonC.BychanceD.Inprinciple

97.A.participatoryB.complexC.rewardingD.innovative

98.A.escapeB.reverseC?identifyD.shape

99.A.technologyB.productionC.communicationD.transformation

100.A.newsgiantB.coffeehouseC.socialnetworkingD.printedpress

8.（2022上?上海?高二上海交大附中?？计谀㏕heMarchonWashingtonforJobsandFreedom

TheMarchonWashingtonbroughttogethermanydifferentcivilrightsgroups,laborunions,and101

organizations,includingtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople,theAmericanFederation

ofLabor,andtheSouthernChristianLeadershipConference.

102,notallcivilrightsactivistswereinfavorofthemarch.BayardRustin,thoughoneofthemain

organizersofthemarch,wasconcernedthatitwouldturnviolentanddamagetheinternational103of

theCivilRightsMovement.Others,likeMalcolmX,whohelpedpopularizethemilitantBlackPowerMovement,

lookeddownupontheMarchonWashingtonbecauseofitsnonviolent104.Callingitthe“Farce（|鬧居1|）

onWashington,9,MalcolmXaccusedblackcivilrightsactivistsofteamingwithwhitesandaccepting105

fromwhites.

OnAugust28,1963,250,000protestersgatheredontheNationalMallinWashington,DCtodemonstrate

106fullcivil,political,andeconomicrightsforAfricanAmericans.TheMarchonWashingtonwasoneofthe

largestdemonstrationsforhumanrightsinUShistory,andaspectacular107ofthepowerofnon-