選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit1FacevaluesⅠ.閱讀理解Foreightyears,Sophiecreatedrealistic-lookinglimbs(肢)forthosewhowantedtofitin.Butshelongedtoworkonmoreodddesignsthatwouldstandout.ThenshemetPollyannaHope,ayoungamputee(被截肢者).“Shewantedsomethingalittledifferentonherleg:picturesofacartoonsheloved,PeppaPig,”saidSophie,whoisnowbasedinLondon.Soshedesignedauniquelegcoveredintattoo-likeimagesofPeppaandotherpigsridingabicycleandeatingicecream.WorkingwithHopemadeSophierealizetherewasapotentialmarketforlimbs.Sincethen,SophiefoundedTheAlternativeLimbProject(ALP)tomakeartisticlimbs.Herworkincludesanarmwrappedinsculptedsnakesandalegthatlookslikeporcelain(瓷器)coveredinapaintedfloweryvine.Shemakesaboutsixlimbsperyear,alwaysincludingclients’ideassothattheyreceiveapersonalpiecetheycancelebrateratherthanhide.Ofcourse,afancy-lookinglimbwon’tsuiteveryone.ForSophie,thebasisisthateachlimbmustsatisfyacombinationofcomfort,beautyandfunctionality,andpushingtoohardinonedirectioncanweakenotherareas.Butforamputeeswhoappreciatenovelty,Sophiehassomeamazingideas.“I’dreallyliketomakeacandy-dispenserlegwithcolorfulcandiesinsideit,”shesays,“oracuckoo-clocklegwithawoodenbirdthatpopsouteveryhour.”Hergoalistofashionastrikinglimb.“It’lltransformthelimbsfromanelephantintheroomintoaconversationpiece.”

1.WhydidPollyannaHopecometoSophie?A.Shehopedtohaveatailoredlimb.B.Sheintendedtodesignacartoonfigure.C.Shelongedtoexpandthemarketforlimbs.D.SheexpectedtosellSophiesomeoddideas.2.Accordingtoparagraph3,ALPaimsto.

A.boostusers’confidenceB.sharpenusers’creativityC.improveSophie’ssculptureskillsD.extendSophie’sartbusiness3.WhatisthebasisforSophie’sworks?A.Thenoveltyofthepatterntopsthelist.B.Thebalanceofmulti-needscomesfirst.C.Fashionisthebestpolicy.D.Functionalityisthekey.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Sophieresolvestoleadthefashionoflimbs.B.Sophieplanstofurthertransformartisticlimbs.C.Amputeeswillfeelateasetotalkaboutlimbs.D.Amputeeswillhaveeasyaccesstoartisticlimbs.ResearchersatMITcreatedahigh-techpillthatstartstovibrate(振動(dòng))onceitmakescontactwithliquidintheuser’sstomachandmakeshimorherfeelfull.ThepillwasreportedlythoughtupbyShriyaSrinivasan,currentlyanassistantprofessorofbioengineeringatHarvardUniversity.VIBES,shortforVibratingIngestibleBioElectronicStimulator,wasonlyrecentlymadepublicinastudypublishedintheSciencejournal,butitisalreadybeingannouncedbythemediaasthefutureofweightloss.Althoughithasyettobetestedonhumans,trialsonpigshaveachievedveryhopefulresults.Afterabout30minutesofVIBESactivity,pigsconsumedonaveragealmost40percentlessfoodinthenexthalfhourthantheydidwithoutthepill.Apparently,therevolutionarydeviceworksbyactivatingstretchreceptorsinthestomach,modelingthepresenceoffood.Thisinturnsignalsthehypothalamus(下丘腦)toincreasethelevelsofhormonesthatmakeusfeelfull.Thevibratingstimulator,whichisaboutthesizeofavitaminpill,ispoweredbyanencasedbatteryandactivatedeitherbythegastricfluid(胃液)breakingdownthecoataroundthepill,orbyanincorporatedtimer.Afterproducingthedesiredeffect,thepillexitsthebodywithothersolidwaste.Thegoodnewsisthatitisexpectedtohaveacostinthecentstoonedollarrange,andresearcherssaythatitmayeventuallybepossibletoimplantthestimulatorandthusremovetheneedforpeopletoconstantlyswallowit.“Ourstudydemonstratestheeffectivenessofalow-cost,non-operativeinterventiontoreducefoodintakeandcalorieconsumption.Thedevicefunctionseffectivelyinthestomachandleadstofullness,”saidGiovanniTraverso,co-authorofthestudy.“Thedevicehasthepotentialtorevolutionizeoptionsforweightlosstreatment.However,futurestudieswillbeneededtoexplorethephysiologicaleffectsofthedevicebeforeit’savailableforpatients.”ResearchersarenowexploringwaystoscaleuptheproducingofVIBEScapsuleswhichcouldenableclinicaltrialsonhumans.5.Whatistheoutcomeoftakingthepill?A.Liquidproduction. B.Foodstorage.C.Asensationoffullness. D.Recoveryofusers.6.Whichaspectofthedeviceismentionedinparagraph2?A.Itsworkingprinciple. B.Itsintelligence.C.Itstestinghistory. D.Itssideeffect.7.Whatistheresearchers’ultimategoalofthedevice?A.Toproducegastricfluidwithit.B.Todestroythecoataroundit.C.Tofixitinthehumanbody.D.Toremovesolidwastefromit.8.WhatisGiovanniTraverso’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthedevice?A.Worried. B.Cautious.C.Doubtful. D.Confused.InmywholelifeIwasfrightenedbydoctors.SowhenIrecentlylaunchedaseriesofwritingandpublishingcourses,Iwasshockedtofindamongmystudentsseveralphysicians,thesameprofessionasmyfather.Andtheyallwantedtobewriters.Wheneversomeonementionedtheirmedicalbackground,I’dthinkIhadtocallDadtotellhim,butIcouldn’t.RaisedupinabigMichiganfamilywiththreebrilliantloudsciencebrainbrothers,I’dalwaysfeltleftoutbytheirDiseaseGameatdinner,whereDadthrewoutcasesforthemtodiagnose.Ourhousewastheirlaboratory.Iwasfrequentlyscaredbybeesinjarsintherefrigeratorandpetrats.GettingtostudymedicinewasalwaysDad’sdream,soheencouragedtheboystofollowinhisfootsteps.ButInevertrulysettleddown,chasingmydreamforliteraryhereandthere.Myfatheropposedmyliberalism.IwasoverjoyedwhenRandomHousepublishedmyhumorousmemoirs(回憶錄)aboutmypastaddictions.Myfatherwasn’tsojoyful.“You’rebringingdisgraceonourfamily,”hesnapped.At87,whenmyfatherwasadmittedtohospitalwithheartandkidneyfailure,wehadarareafternoonalone.Sittingbyhisbed,Iapologizedfortakingsolongtofigureoutmylife.“Ihavealotofregrets,”hesaid.“Ittookmetoolongtomakeadecentliving,screwingupjobsbecauseofmybullheadednessandbigmouth.”

IwasnervouswhenhisphysicianOlafemailedme,butitwasn’tbadnews.“Yourdadsaysyou’reaprofessorwhohelpspeoplepublish.Couldyouhelpme?”heasked.“WhatdidyoutellOlafaboutme?”IquestionedDadthatnight,stillsurprised.“Thatyoustucktoyourgunsandbecameasuccess,”hesaid.“Whydidn’tyouevertellmethat?”“I’mtellingyounow,”hesaid.HewaspleasedwhenIhelpedOlafpublishhisfirstmagazinepiece.IwishDadwereheresoIcouldsharethelateststoriesofmyphysicianstudents.ButIlosthimfouryearsago.Inaway,hestillishere,asIchanneleverythinghetaughtmeabouthardwork,andnevergivingupdoingwhatyoulove.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sbrothers?A.Theyusedtomakeloudnoise.B.Theywereaddictedtoplayinggames.C.Theywereinterestedinmedicine.D.Theydistancedtheauthoronpurpose.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“screwingup”probablymean?A.Takingover. B.Focusingon.C.Contributingto. D.Messingup.11.WhydidDadrecommendtheauthortoOlaf?A.TohelpOlafpublisharticles.B.Todiscusshisphysicalcondition.C.Topromotetheauthor’scourses.D.Tosharetheauthor’smemoirs.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sdad?A.Enthusiasticbutdishonest.B.Modestbutdemanding.C.Conservativebutloving.D.Helpfulbutselfish.Ⅱ.七選五Aesthetic(審美的)educationaimstoenhanceaestheticperception,experienceaestheticqualities,stimulateaestheticcreativity,andpromoteaestheticjudgement.Ifkidswanttobeabletoappreciatenaturalwonders,shapesandpictures,theymustbeabletofirstnoticethem.Thisiswhythedevelopmentoftheabilitytonoticethebeautifulistheprimarytaskofaestheticeducation.1Kidsareincapableofnoticingparticularshapesiftheirabilitytonoticeobjectsandformsisundeveloped.Theaestheticrelationshipbeginswiththenoticingofaestheticqualities.

2Thismeansthattheygenerateemotionalresponseslikeexcitementandjoy,enrichingindividuals’emotionallivesandinspiringartisticexpression.Theabilitytoexperiencefeelingsaestheticallymustalsobedeveloped.Thecognitive(認(rèn)知的)elementsoftheprocessesthatweexperienceduringnoticingmustalsoincludeemotionaltoneswithwhichweformimpressions.3Theaimofthistaskis,withtheaidofaestheticqualities,toenrichtheemotionallifeofchildrenandyoungpeopleandthedevelopmentofasenseforaestheticvalues.

Itisessentialtoallowchildrentoparticipateinactivitiesthatwilldeveloptheircreativeabilities.4Instead,itisaboutcreativityinthecreationofaestheticvaluesineverydaylife.Wearenotsimplybornwithcreativeabilitieswhichhavetobedeveloped.

Judgingorevaluatingaestheticqualitiesdemandsformedevaluationcriteria.Inordertorevealbeauty’struevalue,wemustbefamiliarwithitsparticularities.Throughouttheprocessofaestheticeducation,varioustypesofknowledge,abilitiesandevaluationcriteriamustbeapplied.5

A.Aestheticqualitieshavetobefelt.B.Beautycanbefoundallaroundus.C.Thebeautifulwillbelikelytobecreated.D.Anditistheseth