詞匯拓展、語(yǔ)法清單及語(yǔ)法填空精練

必記詞匯拓展

1.deathn.死；死亡—adj.死的ta5.致命的一v.死亡

2.affectvt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動(dòng)—n.效果；影響—adj.有效的

一n.喜歡；喜愛；感情

3.shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚-adj.令人震驚的一adj.感到

震驚的

4.electricityn.電；電能7adj.電的；用電的—adj.電子的

5.breathevi.&vt呼吸—?n.呼吸一adj.氣喘吁吁的

6.wisdomn.智慧；才智_adj.明智的—?adj.不明智的

7.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦一n.受難；苦楚

8.eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出—n.噴發(fā)

9.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)一n.幸存；生還一n.幸存者；生

還者

10.emergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況一adj.緊急的一vi.浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)

11.delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表—n.投遞；送交

12.lengthn.長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)度一adj.長(zhǎng)的一v.（使）變長(zhǎng)

13.referencen.指稱關(guān)系；參考—vi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫...求助于

14.basedadj.以（某事）為基礎(chǔ)的一vt.以...為基礎(chǔ)n.底部；根據(jù)一basisn.基礎(chǔ)

一adj.基礎(chǔ)的

15.varietyn.異體；多樣化一v.變化；不同一adj.各種各樣的

16.majoradj.主要的n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修一■n.大多數(shù)

17.globaladj.全球的；全世界的一n.地球；地球儀

18.appreciatevt.欣賞；感激；領(lǐng)會(huì)一n.感激；欣賞7adj.感激的

19.begvt.懇求；祈求一n.乞丐

20.equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的—adv.平等地一n.平等

21.demandn.要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要一adj.要求高的

22.descriptionn.描寫（文字）；形容—vt.描述

23.relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述一relatedadj.相關(guān)的一n.關(guān)系一n.關(guān)系

24.creativelyadv.創(chuàng)造性地；有創(chuàng)造力地一adj.創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)造力的；有創(chuàng)意的

一vt.倉(cāng)ij造一n.倉(cāng)ij造性；創(chuàng)造力

25.promotevt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級(jí)一n.提升；推銷；晉級(jí)

26.applicationn.申請(qǐng)（表）；用途；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用（程序）-vt.&vi.申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用—＞n.申

請(qǐng)人

27.proposaln.提議；建議一＞vt.提議；建議

28.establishvt.建立；創(chuàng)立一n.建立；創(chuàng)立

29.limitn.限度；限制vt.限制；限定一adj.有限的；受限制的一adj.無(wú)限的；

無(wú)盡的

30.preventvt.阻止；阻礙；阻撓一n.防止；預(yù)防一adj.預(yù)防性的；防備的

31.lossn.喪失；損失一vt.丟失一adj.迷路的；失去的

32.contributionn.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)一vi.&vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助

34.donatevt.（尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；獻(xiàn)（血）一n.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送一n.捐贈(zèng)

者；捐贈(zèng)人

35.disappearvi.消失；滅絕；消亡—n.消失；滅絕一（反義詞）vi.出現(xiàn)

—n.出現(xiàn)；外表

36.professionaladj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員；職業(yè)選手一n.專業(yè)；職業(yè)—n.教

投

37.traditionn.傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風(fēng)俗一adj.傳統(tǒng)的

38.parisonn.比較；相比—vt.&vi.與...相比較

39.illegaladj.不合法的；非法的—adv.不合法地；非法地一adj.合法的

40.alarmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的一vt.使驚恐；使害怕；使擔(dān)心n.恐慌；警報(bào)；警報(bào)器

—adj.害怕的

41.extinctadj.已滅絕的一＞n.滅絕

42.awareadj.知道；發(fā)覺；有...意識(shí)的一n.意識(shí)一adj.未發(fā)覺的；不知道的

43.endangervt.使遭受危險(xiǎn)；危害一adj.瀕危的—n.危險(xiǎn)一adj.危

險(xiǎn)的

44.concernvt.涉及；讓...擔(dān)憂一adj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的prep.關(guān)于

45.adaptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合一n.適應(yīng)；改編本一adj.適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的

46.beautyn.美；美人；美好的東西—adj.美麗的；美好的―vt.美化

47.effectiveadj.有效的；生效的—n.效果；影響一vt.影響；侵襲

48.recovervi.恢復(fù)；康復(fù)vt.找回；尋回一n.恢復(fù)

49.intendvi.&vt.打算；計(jì)劃；想要一n.意圖；打算

50.threatn.威脅一vt.威脅；危及

51.existvi.存在；生存一n.存在；生存

52.unusualadj.特別的；不尋常的—adj.常見的，尋常的

53.convenientadj.方便的；近便的一n.方便—n.不便

54.benefitn.益處vt.使受益vi.得益于—?adj.有益的

55.distancen.距離一adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；疏遠(yuǎn)的一adv.疏遠(yuǎn)地

56.inspirevt.鼓舞；激勵(lì)；啟發(fā)思考radj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奮的一adj.受啟

發(fā)的；受鼓舞的一n.靈感；啟發(fā)

57.accessn.通道；(使用、查閱、接近或面見的)機(jī)會(huì)vt.進(jìn)入；使用；獲取一adj.可以進(jìn)入

的；可以使用的

58.privacyn.隱私；私密一adj.私人的；秘密的—?adv.私下地

59.theftn.偷(竊)；盜竊罪一n.小偷

60.rudeadj.粗魯?shù)模粺o(wú)禮的一adv.粗魯?shù)匾籲.粗魯，粗暴

61.falseadj.假的；錯(cuò)誤的一n.錯(cuò)誤；瑕疵

62.embarrassingadj.讓人難堪(尷尬；害羞)的一adj.感到難堪(尷尬)的一n.尷尬

隨堂練習(xí)

1.Duringtheforum,DongQing,afamouswhooftenwonderfulprograms,sharedher

experienceofcreatingthereader.(host)

2.MysisterisagirLsoweknowthatonceshehasdeterminedtodosomething,shewillmakeherdream

etruewithgreat.(determine)

3.Thoughtheartshowtoattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected,itwasfarfrombeingafailure；

itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)

4.Theofficialismoreawareofthanbeforeandheworksoutingymstokeepregularly.(fit)

5.Morethan10,000fromdifferentcountriescametoBeijingandwitheachotherinthe

gamesformedals.(pete)

6.Amazingly,themorethejobis,thebetteryourperformancewillbe.Inotherwords，feeling

benefitsyourperformanceinaway.(stress)

7.Thesoldiergotinthebattleandsufferedaseriousintheleftankle.(injure)

1.Peopleweretoseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.Thenews

allthepeoplearound,(shock)

2.(bury)inhergraduationpaper,Maryhasnotimetodoaparttimejob.

3.Wemeasuredtheofthelivingroomandfounditwas6.3meters.(long)

4.Withthegovemmenfsaid,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtonewshelters.

5.Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesof.Thankstotheswimmingskills,

heandhisfriendsucceededintheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors.(survive)

6.Bothofthewaysare(effect)andwhichonetochooseisreallyamatterofpersonalpreference.

7.Thediseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30uptonow.(dead)

1.The(major)ofthestudentsareinterestedinherclass,whichmakesherhappy.

2.Iwouldliketoexpressmy(appreciate)tothosewhoalwaysgivemetimelyhelpandencouragement

whenFmtrappedbytheflood.

3.Allmenareborn,soeveryonehopestobetreatedbecauseistheessential

demand.(equal)

4.Itwasachallengingand(demand)job,butanyhowwemanagedtohandleitwithjointefforts.

5.Wouldyouliketogiveadetailed(describe)oftherescueinwhichyousaved4dogs?

6.IwaswanderinginasubwaystationwhenIsawaforfood.(beg)

7.Weourtheoryontheofpractice,consideringsomefactors,(base)

四

1.Theyoungmanamachinetosolvethetrickyproblem,andthushewasconsideredtobea

person.(create)

2.Somearefillinginformstoforawellpaidjob.(apply)

3.Knowledgeis，butmymemorymetorememberonlyinformation.(limit)

4.Theinstanttheoldgardener，allthegirlspickingflowersraninalldirectionsand

soon.(disappear)

5.isbetterthancure,sowemusttakemeasurestoCOVID19from

spreading.(prevent)

6.Thegenerouslyfoodandmoneytothepoorfamilyandhishelpedthemgo

throughthehardtime.(donate)

7.Thefatherthathisdaughtershouldacceptherboyfriend^.(propose)

五

1.Whenanoldmansoundedthe,thewhistlemademanypeople.(alarm)

2.Between150and200speciesarebeingeveryyear.Thismassiscausedbyhunting.(extinct)

3.Motherisalwaysaboutme.However,Iwasn'tawareofherwhenIwasakid.(concern)

4.Infact,kidsareveryandtheycansoontolivinginkindergartens.Youshouldhave

confidenceintheir.(adapt)

5.Wealllovetheenvironment,andtherefore,weshoulditinsteadofdestroying

its.(beauty)

6.Thepartywasspeciallyforher,butshedidn'tappreciatemygood.(intend)

7.Thereastrangecaveonthehill,butnooneknowswhenitcameinto.(exist)

八

1.I'msorryforthecausedbymistakes.IsitforyoutoeonThursday?Ifnot,youcaneat

your.(convenient)

2.TheclubistothosewhowanttolearnChinese.Joinit,andyouwillalotfromit.(benefit)

3.MyparentsliveinacitybuttheInternetremovestheinaway.(distant)

4.Hearinghisspeech,Iwasgreatly.ItgavemeanthatIshouldstartmyown

business.(inspire)

5.Thewebsiteisnottoallpeople；onlythosewhoknowthepasswordhavetoit.(access)

6.Parentsshouldrespecttheirchildren'sinsteadofreadingtheirletters.(privacy)

7.Thegirlfeltwhenseeingthepictures.Sheturnedawaywith.(embarrass)

隨堂練習(xí)

1.Hefelt(confuse)atthenews.

2.Sheisrecoveringfromaknee(injure).

3.Tomtooktheexaminationwithfull(confident).

4.Theletterwasn'taddressedtohim,butheopeneditoutof(curious).

5.Remembertodress(formal)fortheeveningpartytonight.

6.(actual),alargenumberofpeopleowncarsinourhometown.

7.Ifs(challenge)togiveaspeechforthefirsttimeasafreshman.

8.Nothingisawasteifyouhavea(create)mind.

9.Forstudentsstudyingabroad,cookingisanessential(survive)skill.

10.ThecherryblossomsinWuhanUniversityisamaintourist(attract).

定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句是高考的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，備考焦點(diǎn)主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：

①正確使用關(guān)系代詞(which,that,who,whom,whose,as)和關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why)

②介詞+which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

③that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句

3個(gè)概念先行詞

關(guān)系詞

限制性定語(yǔ)從句

~［非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

［定語(yǔ)從句卜6

指人who,whom,whose,that

關(guān)系代詞C

指物which,as,whose,that

正確使用關(guān)系詞C關(guān)系副詞when,where,why

“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

as,which與that的用法

考點(diǎn)1概念

1.在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子叫先行詞。

Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.（一個(gè)詞）

這是值得參觀的地方。

Manylife'sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarebeyondthe

capabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.（——個(gè)短語(yǔ)）

許多以前可以通過(guò)詢問家庭成員、朋友或者同事就能解決的生活問題是現(xiàn)在的大家庭無(wú)力解決的。

ItookanoldmantohospitalinataxiimmediatelywhichwaswhyIwaslatethatmorning.（一個(gè)完整的句子）

我乘出租車立即把一個(gè)老人送到了醫(yī)院，這就是那天早上我遲到的原因。

2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞有三大作用：代指先行

詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作句子成分。

Beijing,whichisthecapitalcityofChina,isaverybeautifulcity..

代指Beijing,在從句中作主語(yǔ)

考點(diǎn)2限制性與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

與先行詞關(guān)系密切，刪除后影響整個(gè)意思的與先行詞關(guān)系不密切，是一種補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，刪

表達(dá)除后不影響整個(gè)意思的表達(dá)

不用逗號(hào)分開一般使用逗號(hào)分開

可用關(guān)系代詞that不可用關(guān)系代詞that

關(guān)系代詞that,who,which/whom在從句中作

關(guān)系代詞不可以省略

賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略

關(guān)系代詞whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用who或that替

關(guān)系代詞不能替代

代

讀時(shí)不停頓讀時(shí)停頓，用降調(diào)

既可修飾名詞或代詞，也可以修飾句子，有

只可以修飾名詞或代詞，不可以修飾句子

逗號(hào)分開，只能由which,who或as引導(dǎo)

Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人長(zhǎng)壽。

（限制性定語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明要長(zhǎng)壽需進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。先行詞是people,若把從句whotakephysicalexercise去掉，

句子就失去所表達(dá)的意義“進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人”）

Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,isinghomenextweek.他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來(lái)。

俳限制性定語(yǔ)從句，whoisinBostonnow對(duì)先行詞daughter進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，若把其去掉，主句意義“他的女

兒下周將來(lái)家”仍然完整）

單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫作

①Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014showedamere5to10

minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.

②Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.

③昨天晚上所發(fā)生的事情，我一點(diǎn)兒也不知道。

④他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，為此我非常感激。（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）

考點(diǎn)3正確使用關(guān)系詞

1.關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系代詞在句中代替指人或事物的先行詞，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等句子成分。

關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能

who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)（限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略）、表語(yǔ)

whom人賓語(yǔ)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略)

whose(=of

whom/人或物定語(yǔ)

ofwhich)

that人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略)

which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略)

as人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)

Doyouknowthemanthat/whomMr.Whiteintroducedjustnow?懷特先生剛才介紹的那個(gè)人你認(rèn)識(shí)嗎？

Ourmonitoristheboywhosefatherisalawyer.我們的班長(zhǎng)是父親做律師的那個(gè)男孩。

【名師指津】關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

Tomisoneoftheengineerswhoaresentabroad.湯姆是被派往國(guó)外的工程師之一。

Tomistheonlyoneoftheengineerswhohaseupwiththesolution.湯姆就是唯一提出解決方案的那位工程師。

2.關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞代替表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的先行詞，并在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)，不能省略。

關(guān)系副詞先行詞句法功能

when(=in/at/on/...+which)時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

where(=in/at/on/...+which)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

why(=forwhich)原因原因狀語(yǔ)(只引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

Thetimewhen(atwhich)IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.

第一次見納爾遜?曼德拉的時(shí)候，是我一生中非常困難的時(shí)期。

Theschoolwhere(atwhich)Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.

那所學(xué)校離這里有3千米遠(yuǎn)，我僅在那里讀過(guò)兩年書。

Therearevariousreasons(forwhich)whypeoplewritepoetry.人們寫詩(shī)有各種各樣的理由。

【名師指津】先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞(situation,case,stage,point,activity等)，且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句

中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如果關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)則用關(guān)系代詞

which/thato

Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.

他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。

單句語(yǔ)法填空

①InancientChinalivedanartistpaintingswerealmostlifelike.

?Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiomunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbit

abovethemooninaspotitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoearth.

③NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9am.to5pm.dailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，

sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

④Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.

⑤Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.

@Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethosearetotallyengaged（參與）inacademiclife.

3.“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

構(gòu)成句法功能用法指津

關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom且不能

介詞（短語(yǔ)）+關(guān)系代詞狀語(yǔ)

省略

介詞+關(guān)系代詞+名詞狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞常用which和whose

名詞（代詞）+介詞+關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)化為“whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

數(shù)詞還可以用some,many,most,each

數(shù)詞（形容詞最高級(jí)）+of+關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)

等不定代詞替換

Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.那個(gè)窮人沒房子住。

Recently,Iboughtanancientvase,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.最近，我買了一個(gè)古董花瓶，它的

價(jià)格很合理。

4.as,which與that的用法區(qū)別

（1）七種只用that而不用which的情況

①當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,little,few,everything等不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)。

Thereisnothingthatwecandonow.現(xiàn)在我們什么也做不了。

②當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thelast,thevery等修飾時(shí)。

ThisistheverybookthatIwant.這正是我想要的書。

③當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

Thepresenttimeisthebestgiftthatyoucangiveyourself.當(dāng)前的時(shí)光是你能給自己的最好的禮物。

④當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。

Don'ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看見的第一個(gè)跡象。

⑤當(dāng)先行詞中既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。

Mymotherandheroldfriendstalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.

我媽媽和她的老朋友們談?wù)摿艘恍┧齻冇洃浿袑W(xué)校里的人和事。

⑥當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問詞who或which時(shí)。

Whichisthecarthatyouboughtlastweek?你上周買的哪輛車？

⑦當(dāng)先行詞是主句的表語(yǔ)，或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。

Jackisnotthemanthathewas.杰克不是過(guò)去的他了。

用正確的關(guān)系詞填空

①WealllikeourEnglishteacher,fromwehavelearnedalot.

②Iwillneverforgetthedayonwewenttobuyguitarsintheguitarstore.

③Thefoodwasforhermother,couldn'tgodowntomeethim.

@Forinstance,inLima,thecapitalofPeru,therearemorethan50Chinesemedicineclinics,about70percentof

weresetupbylocaldoctors.

一、完成句子。

根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空。

1.Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,isthebestseasonthere.

2.1willneverforgetthedaysIspentwithyourfamily.

3.PHneverforgetthelastdaywespenttogether.

4.Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedlastweek?

5.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,isfamousfortheWestLake?

6.IliveinBeijing,isthecapitalofChina.

7.Itisthethirdtimeyouhavemadethesamemistake.

8.ItwasinthestreetImetJohnyesterday.

9.Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

10.ThemomentIsawyou,Irecognizedyou.

11.Whoisthestudentwaslateforschooltoday?

12.Whoknowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?

13.Whatelsewasthereinmybrotheryoudidn'tlike?

14.Helivesintheroom___windowfacestothesouth.

15.ThisisMr.JohnforsonIbroughtabookyesterday.

⑴單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Iwillneverforgetthedayswestayedtogetherinthecountryside.

?Andrewlivesaloneandenjoysthepanyofapetcatwhichhe'sgrownsofond.

(3)Thereasonhewaslatewasthatsomethingwaswrongwithhisbikeontheway.

@Thehousewhichhepaid200,000yuanisnowworth350,000yuan.

⑤一Areyougettingonwellwithyourpartner?

一Notatall.We'vealmostetothepointwehavetoseparate.

用關(guān)系副詞或“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”將下列每對(duì)句子合并成一個(gè)句子

①Yourmotheristalkingtotheboy.Doyouknowhim.

②Thefactoryisfarawayfrommyhometown.Hisfatherworksthere.

③Ididn'tethismorning.Thereasonwasthatitrainedheavily.

?YesterdayMaryboughtafewclothes.Allofthemwerebeautiful.

⑤Yousolvetheprobleminthisway.Idon'tlikeit.

二.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)和句子時(shí)態(tài)的不同而變化。

現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)

would/shouldbe

一般is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedone

done

is/am/arebeingwas/werebeingwill/shallbebeingwould/shouldbe

進(jìn)行

donedonedonebeingdone

will/shallhavebeenwould/shouldhave

完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendone

donebeendone

XiaoMing'sCellphone

XiaoMing'scellphonewasbroken?byhisfatheryesterdayevening.!couldn'tgetthroughtohimbecausethe

cellphonewasbeingrepaired@then.Beforethis,hiscellphonehadbeenbroken③fourtimesbecausehewas

careless.XiaoMinglikedcellphonegamessomuchthathedidn'tstudyhard.

Cellphonesarewidelyused?nowadays.However,manyofthemarebeingused⑤toplaygamesby

teenagers.Sofar,manyquestionshavebeenraised⑥bytheirparents.Shouldtheybeused"，bystudents?

XiaoMing飛cellphonewillberepaired@wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphonewillhavebeen

brought⑨homeandwillbebeingused⑩toplaygamesagain.

①是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+過(guò)去分詞。

②是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+being+過(guò)去分詞。

③是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：hadbeen+過(guò)去分詞。

④是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：is/am/are+過(guò)去分詞。

⑤是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：is/amare+being+過(guò)去分詞。

⑥是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/hasbeen+過(guò)去分詞。

⑦是帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞。

⑧是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+be+過(guò)去分詞。

⑨是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的將來(lái)完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+havebeen+過(guò)去分詞。

⑩是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+bebeing+過(guò)去分詞。

2.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

⑴”系動(dòng)詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste等+形容詞/名詞”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

Thesteelfeelscold.鋼摸起來(lái)很涼。

(2)動(dòng)詞need,require,want,beworth后加動(dòng)詞一ing形式的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義。

Mywatchcan'twork;itneedsrepairing.我的手表不能用了,需要修了。

(3)某些可和well,easily等副詞連用的不及物動(dòng)詞，如read,write,draw,wash,clean,cook,sell等。

Nyloncleanseasily.尼龍容易清洗。

一.單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic(call)galleriesorrooms.

②Theartistwassurehewould(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetothe

emperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.

③And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood(need).

?ThisEnglishsayinghasmuchtruthinit：thebestplace(surround)byourlovedonesandwitha

roofoverourhead.

⑤Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautiful

farmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.

二.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.

2.Mywashingmachinerepair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.

3.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,(regard)asoneofthebestallround

formsofexercise.

4.Ifyouleavetheclub,you(not,allow)backin.

5.Igotcaughtintherainonmywayhomeandmynewsuit(ruin).

語(yǔ)法填空

MybestfriendKaiyaislikeme.She1.(remind)meofmyself.Inthepast,I2.

(be)neverconfidentbecauseofmyappearance.Peoplealwayslaughedatmyweight,myheight,myhairstyle,etc.At

thattime,Iwastheshorteststudentinmyclass.Istartedgettingdepressed.However,someonetoldmesomething

thatIwillalwaysremember.

ItwasinMarch.Surroundedbyagroupofgirlswho3.(point)atmeandlaughedatme,I

couldn'thelpcrying.Thetearsrolleddownmyfacelikearushingriver.Tomysurprise,someoneliftedmyheadup

andwipedthetearsfrommyeyes.

IthenknewitwasourEnglishteacher,MissLi.Shesaid,"you4.(be)perfectthewayyou

are.Youshouldneverchangeorhateyourself.People5.(accept)youforwhoyou6.

(be).Butifyoucannotacceptyourself,thenhowwillotherpeopleacceptyou?"I7.(inspire)byher

words.Overthepastfewmonths,I8.(learn)thatnooneisperfectandthatweallhaveflaws.NowI

havewonderfulfriendswho9.(love)meforwhoIam.

Now,seeingKaiyacry,IdecidetotellherthesamethingMissLi10.(tell)me.

語(yǔ)法填空

(20212022學(xué)年福建師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué))

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

EvehadmyfairshareoftravellingaroundChina,andarecentweeklongtriptoGuizhouwasmyfirsttimeto

theprovince.ItriedlookingupthemeaningandimportanceofthenameGuizhoubeforethetrip,___69___

(basic)tohaveareasonableideaofwhatwasinstoreforme.Butthatwas___70___hardtasksoIaskeda

Chinesecoworkeraboutthetrip.Fromwhatshesaid,longagotheprovince___71___(name)afterafamous

mountaincalled"Gui"，kindofnobleandhonorableinliteraltranslationandnzhoun,___72___simplymeans

provinceinChinese.___73___(keep)thatinmind,IsetoutonajourneyofdiscoveryandwhatIfoundwas

attractive,aphotographer'sparadise(天堂圣地).Generallydescribedasamountainousprovinceinsouthwestern

China,withGuiyangas___74___(it)capital,theprovinceistrulyoneofnature'sbestkeptsecrets,paredtoother

leading___75___(province)inChina,whenites___76___development,Guizhouhassomecatchingup

___77__(do).However,theprovinceremainsuniquenotonlyforisamazinglandscape(風(fēng)景)___78___for

theroleitplayedinthepoliticalhistoryofmodernChinaandtheroleitistoplayintheworldaswell.

（20212022學(xué)年廣東省惠州市）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Chinesecharactersaresoamazingthatevenmanyforeignersarecrazyaboutthem.Forthepastthreedecades,

RichardSearshasbeenfocusedononething:tellingthestoriesbehindChinesecharacters.HisinterestinChinese

languageandcharacters46(date)backto1972,whenhewas4722yearoldphysicsmajorinthe

USA.

Hebuiltawebsitein2002andnameditChineseEtymology,48visitorscancheckthedevelopment

ofChinese