駐馬店市2024-2025學(xué)年度高三第一學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一考試

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注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

ABuyacamera.B.Takephotos.C.Callthewoman.

2.Wheredoesthemanefrom?

A.Canada.B.France.C.Australia.

3.Whydoesthewomanplantogotothetown?

A.Topayherbillsinthebank.

B.Tobuybooksinabookstore.

C.Togetsomemoneyfromthebank.

4.Whatisthewomanconcernedabout?

A.Herhealth.B.Hercharacter.C.Herfigure.

5.Whichsandwichdoesthemanprefer?

A.Ahamsandwich.

B.Aturkeysandwich.

C.Achickensandwich.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WherewasBillyesterdayevening?

A.Inacinema.B.Athisuncle's.C.Athome.

7.WhomightBillgotothemoviewithtonight?

A.Jane.B.Ben.C.Hisuncle.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhatisJack?

A.Adriver.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.

9.Howdoestheman'swifegotoworkonrainydays?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatisMartagoodat?

A.Designingsomeproducts.B.Operatingapany.C.Buildingawebsite.

11.WhatisMarta?schallenge?

A.Meetingthedeadline.

B.GettingalongwithherITteacher.

C.Makingbusinessmentrusther.

12.Whafstheman'sattitudetothewoman?

A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Uncertain.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherestaurant?

A.Ifsgood.B.It'scheap.C.Ifsstrange.

14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Couples.

15.Whatisthewomanbusydoing?

A.Buyingbooksonline.

B.Buyingthingsforthestore.

C.DoingasurveyonInternetshopping.

16.Howwastheman'sexperienceofInternetshopping?

A.Valuable.B.Pleasant.C.Notgood.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whendoesthespeechprobablytakeplace?

A.Atthebeginningofaterm.

B.Inthemiddleofaterm.

C.Attheendofaterm.

18.HowlongdoestheadvisoryofficeopenonSaturday?

A.8hours.B.9hours.C.10hours.

19.WhatcanJimSmithhelpwith?

A.Moneymatters.

B.Informationaboutjobs.

C.Studyrelatedproblems.

20.Whoshouldstudentsturntoiftheyhavepersonalproblems?

A.RodneyReid.B.LauraLea.C.JarrodHoward.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

MonefsGardenatGiverny

DaysAndTime

MonefsGardenwelesvisitorseverydayincludingpublicholidaysfrom9:30amto6pmfromMarch29th

throughNovember1st.

AdmissionTickets

MonefsGardenticketsareforsaleforthe2025seasonatthefollowingrate:

Normalfare:€13.00.

Seniorsandstudents:€8.50.

Disabled:€7.50.

Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.

PrivateGuidedTours

?Duration:around1.5hours.

?PrivatetoursaregiveninEnglish,French,SpanishorGerman.

?Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admissiontickets.

TheTwoGardens

TherearetwopartsinMonet'sGarden:aflowergardencalledClosNormandinfrontofthehouseanda

Japaneseinspiredwatergardenontheothersideoftheroad.

TheClosNormand:WhenMonetandhisfamilysettledinGivemyin1883,thepieceoflandstretchingdown

fromthehousetotheroadwasanorchard（果園）enclosedbyhighstonewalls.Monetturneditintoagardenfull

offlowersofdifferentcolors.

Thewatergarden:In1893,Monetboughtaneighbouringpieceoflandontheothersideoftherailway.He

hadthefirstsmallponddug;lateronthepondwasenlargedtoitspresentdaysize.Inthiswatergarden,youwill

findthefamousJapanesebridgecoveredwithwisteria.

500,000visitorsdiscoverMonefsGardeneachyearduringthesevenmonthsthatitisopen.Takingpicturesis

permittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.Picnicsareforbidden.Dogsandotherpetsarenotadmitted.

1.Howmuchshould2teacherswith20preschoolerspayforaguidedtour?

A.€196.00.B.€220.00.C.€246.00.D.€416.00.

2.Whatarevisitorsinformedaboutthetwogardens?

A.Theyareseparatedbyapond.

B.Theywerefirstconstructedin1883.

C.ClosNormandusedtobeavegetablegarden.

D.ThewatergardenfeaturesaJapanesebridge.

3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinMonefsGarden?

A.Visititallyearround.B.Enjoymealsbythepond.

C.Takephotosfromthepaths.D.Bringpetsintothegarden.

【答案】l.C2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了莫奈花園的開(kāi)放時(shí)間、門(mén)票價(jià)格、私人導(dǎo)游服務(wù)、花園簡(jiǎn)介以及參

觀須知。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uPrivateGuidedTours,,部分中的^Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admission

tickets.（導(dǎo)游費(fèi)：220歐元，為您的團(tuán)隊(duì)加上門(mén)票。）”以及“AdmissionTickets”部分中的“Normalfare:

€13.00.（正常票價(jià)：13.00歐元。）”以及“Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.。歲以下兒童：免費(fèi)。）”可知，

導(dǎo)游費(fèi)220歐元，兩位老師需要支付門(mén)票費(fèi)用為13x2=26歐元，學(xué)齡前兒童免費(fèi)。則兩位老師和20名學(xué)

齡前兒童參加導(dǎo)游服務(wù)需要支付220+26=246歐元。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thewatergarden部分中的“Inthiswatergarden,youwillfindthefamousJapanese

bridgecoveredwithwisteria.（在這個(gè)水花園里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)著名的被紫藤覆蓋的日本橋。）”可知，游客被告

知水花園有一座日本橋，是著名的日本風(fēng)格的拱橋。故選D項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中uTakingpicturesispermittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.（在花

園里可以拍照，但只能在人行道上。）”可知，游客可以在莫奈花園的人行道上拍照。故選C項(xiàng)。

B

Forthreedecades,Camilleri,aCanadianfashiondesigner,hadmadeanameforherselfdressingAlisters.Her

beautiful,delicatestylesfromleather,toeveningwear,tocustomothershowedinthecoversofthehottest

magazines.

ButwhenTurnbull-awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterribleaccidentlefther

quadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983一approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofitherbodythroughthe

seasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderservedmunity."Ihadnoidea

thatsomeoneinachairhadanydifferentclothingneedsthanyouorI,“saysthedesigner.ccTheworldwasmy

marketbecausenobodyhadeverdonethisbefbre.^^In2004Camilleriopenedaboutique（精品店）speciallyfor

peoplewhousewheelchairs.

''Everythingwedo,thestartingpointisfromaseatedframe.Sowhathappenswhenyou'resitting?What

happenstotheclothes?Wherearetheygettingtogether?^^Camilleriexplains.€aWeliterallyhadtorecreatethe

patternstoacmodateaseatedframe.9,

Hercustomcreationshavechangedlives.Winkelaarhasbeeninawheelchairsinceacaraccidenttwoweeks

beforehisfourthbirthday.UntilhemetCamilleri,helackedconfidenceinhisappearanceandwasafraidof

enteringtheclothingstoresbecausehehadtroublefindingtrousersthatfitproperly.Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy

（痙攣性腦癱）.Shesaysclothingstoresarealwaysdauntingplacesfullofpiecesoutofreach.Salahsaysshe

carriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohaveaccessto

fashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.

“Camilleri'spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andhersuccessinanewrare

markethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrillianttechnician.Sheputsfashion

andconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled,CanadiantelevisionpersonalityandfashioncriticJeanneBekersays.

4.WhatdrivesCamilleritoopenaboutique?

A.Seekingfame.B.Makingaprofit.

C.Providingservice.D.Meetingachallenge.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"daunting“inparagraph4?

A.Inspiring.B.Frightening.C.Striking.D.forting.

6.WhatmessagedoesBekerwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Camilleriisahighlyoriginalthinker.

B.Camilleriisaproductivemarketadvisor.

C.Camilleriisacriticaltechnicianleader.

D.Camilleriisasuccessfulfashioninnovator.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCamilleri?

A.Caringandvisionary.B.Ambitiousandhardworking.

C.Creativeandstubborn.D.Determinedandconventional.

【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了加拿大時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師卡米列里為四肢癱瘓者等行動(dòng)不便者設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)尚舒

適的衣服，并開(kāi)設(shè)精品店，改變了他們的生活，在主流時(shí)尚界也獲得了認(rèn)可。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull一awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterrible

accidentleftherquadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983一approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofither

bodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderserved

munity.（但是，當(dāng)特恩布爾------位著名的記者，自1983年一場(chǎng)可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后一直使用輪

椅一一找到她，讓她設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)尚、舒適的衣服，以適應(yīng)她一年四季的身體變化時(shí)，卡米列里意識(shí)到她真正的

使命是幫助把時(shí)尚帶給一個(gè)完全沒(méi)有得到充分服務(wù)的群體。）”可知，是特恩布爾讓卡米列里意識(shí)到了四肢

癱瘓者等行動(dòng)不便者對(duì)服裝有特殊需求，并且這個(gè)市場(chǎng)是空白的，所以她決定為他們提供服務(wù)，開(kāi)一家精

品店。故選C。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy（痙攣性腦癱）.（薩拉（Salah）患有痙攣性腦癱。）”和下

文uSalahsaysshecarriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohave

accesstofashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.（薩拉表示，現(xiàn)在的她舉止不同了，對(duì)自己的

外表也更有自信。能夠穿上既時(shí)尚又實(shí)用的衣服，讓她感受到了極大的尊嚴(yán)?！埃笨芍胺b店總是

Salah她感到畏懼，因?yàn)槟抢锏囊路偸歉吒邟炱?，遙不可及。由此可知，daunting意為“令人畏懼的，令

人害怕的"o故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Camilleri'spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andher

successinanewraremarkethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrilliant

technician.Sheputsfashionandconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled.（卡米列里的作品現(xiàn)在是安大略皇家博

物館展覽的一部分，她在新的稀有市場(chǎng)上的成功在主流時(shí)尚界也并非沒(méi)有被注意到。她是一位真正才華橫

溢的技術(shù)人員。她讓殘疾人也能夠接觸到時(shí)尚和自信。）”可知，貝克爾想表達(dá)的是卡米列里在時(shí)尚界取得

了成功，是一位成功的時(shí)尚創(chuàng)新者。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull——awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterrible

accidentleftherquadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983-approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofither

bodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderserved

munity.（但當(dāng)特恩布爾Turnbull）——一位自1983年一場(chǎng)可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后便一直使用輪椅的知

名記者——找到卡米萊里，希望她能為自己設(shè)計(jì)一些既時(shí)尚又舒適、能適應(yīng)四季變化的衣服時(shí)，卡米萊里

意識(shí)到自己真正的使命是幫助這個(gè)長(zhǎng)期被忽視的群體接觸時(shí)尚。）"以及"In2004Camilleriopeneda

boutique（精品店）speciallyforpeoplewhousewheelchairs.（2004年，卡米萊里開(kāi)了一家精品店，專(zhuān)門(mén)為使用

輪椅的人服務(wù)。）”可知，她為四肢癱瘓者等行動(dòng)不便者設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)尚舒適的衣服，并開(kāi)設(shè)精品店，改變了他們

的生活，由此可知，她是一個(gè)有愛(ài)心的人；根據(jù)第二段^Theworldwasmymarketbecausenobodyhadever

donethisbefore.（整個(gè)世界都是我的市場(chǎng)，因?yàn)閺膩?lái)沒(méi)有人做過(guò)這件事。）”可知，她看到了這個(gè)市場(chǎng)是空白

的，所以她決定開(kāi)一家精品店，這說(shuō)明她是一個(gè)有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的人。故選A。

C

AgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawideopenKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinging

gentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthe

grass.Inthedistance,thesnowcappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.

Whathasledtogiraffes5extraordinaryshape?AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthem

byallowingthemtooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassic

exampleofevolutionary（進(jìn)化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeed

fromlowgrowingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeeding

petitionidea.

Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthe

timefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoff

beforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanfor

feeding.

Istheneckaresultofevolution?Theanswershoulddatebacktotheirancestors.In2022,agroupofexperts

ledbyaChinesebiologistuncoveredoneofthesmallestknowngiraffefossils.Thisancientanimal,standingabout

1.2mtall,showedashortbutstrengthenedneckandahornedhead.Thatwastheearliestknownshapeofgiraffes

everfound.Theylivedsome16.9millionyearsago!

Today?sgiraffesaremuchlarger,withneckslongerandhornsdramaticallyreduced.Withtheneckstheycan

notonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.

Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenatural

beautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.

8.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningtheresearchfromEastAfrica?

A.Todoubtanestablishedtheory.B.Toofferanadditionalexample.

C.Toadvocateformonsense.D.Tosupportaquestionedbelief.

9.Whatdoestheauthoraimtostressaboutgiraffes5neckgrowinginparagraph3?

A.Theadvantageofthemales.B.Theimportanceforsurvival.

C.Therelationwiththeirages.D.Thedifferencebetweengenders.

10.Whatisnowtheauthor'sattitudetowardsDarwin'stheory?

A.Heiswellconvinced.B.Heisdisapproving.

CHeismoretolerant.D.Heisstillcautious.

11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnExceptiontoDarwin9sTheory.

B.GiraffesandTheirNeckpetition.

C.TheProblemofGiraffeEvolution.

D.Nature'sPerfectDesignforGiraffes.

【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹長(zhǎng)頸鹿頸部進(jìn)化之謎，探討其頸部增長(zhǎng)與生存策略、性別差異之間

的關(guān)系，以及達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論在此中的體現(xiàn)與挑戰(zhàn)。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthem

tooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassicexampleofevolutionary

（進(jìn)化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlowgrowingbushes

andeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeedingpetitionidea.（根據(jù)查爾

斯?達(dá)爾文的觀點(diǎn)，1.8米長(zhǎng)的脖子讓長(zhǎng)頸鹿在覓食高樹(shù)綠葉時(shí)比短脖子的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者更有優(yōu)勢(shì)；這已成為進(jìn)化

論的一個(gè)經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長(zhǎng)頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進(jìn)食更快、更

頻繁。這對(duì)于達(dá)爾文的覓食競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)意外。）”可知，東非的研究結(jié)果顯示，高大的長(zhǎng)頸鹿經(jīng)常

從矮灌木上覓食，并且在低高度吃得更快、更頻繁，這與達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)食競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論相矛盾。因此，提到東非

的研究是為了質(zhì)疑已建立的理論。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段aGiraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksinto

oldage（about28）,wellpastthetimefemalesstop（aroundtheageof8）.Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,

whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremore

notablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.（長(zhǎng)頸鹿在頸部生長(zhǎng)上投入很多。雄性持續(xù)生長(zhǎng)頸部直至老年（約28

歲），遠(yuǎn)超雌性停止生長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間（約8歲）。最后，雄性擁有長(zhǎng)而強(qiáng)壯的頸部，它們用頸部在雌性面前展

示，并與敵人戰(zhàn)斗。似乎它們的頸部更多是用作武器，而非用來(lái)進(jìn)食。）”可知，長(zhǎng)頸鹿在脖子的生長(zhǎng)上投

入了很多，雄性長(zhǎng)頸鹿的脖子不僅長(zhǎng)而且強(qiáng)壯，它們用脖子在雌性面前炫耀以及對(duì)抗敵人。這表明，長(zhǎng)脖

子對(duì)長(zhǎng)頸鹿的生存非常重要。因此，作者在第三段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了長(zhǎng)脖子對(duì)長(zhǎng)頸鹿生存的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段"Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,but

fightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefully

wanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.（有

了長(zhǎng)頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于

它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對(duì)的?？粗L(zhǎng)頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對(duì)自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬

畏。）”可知，長(zhǎng)脖子使長(zhǎng)頸鹿能夠吃更高和更低的食物，更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)，并且以更大的力量戰(zhàn)斗，這些都

有助于它們的生存。作者認(rèn)為達(dá)爾文是對(duì)的，并對(duì)自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。因此，作者對(duì)達(dá)爾

文理論的態(tài)度是完全信服的。故選A項(xiàng)。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawideopenKenyanplain.Theirlong

necksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,

castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnowcappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthe

sky.（一群長(zhǎng)頸鹿優(yōu)雅地行進(jìn)在開(kāi)闊的肯尼亞平原上。它們的長(zhǎng)脖子高高伸起，隨著每一步優(yōu)雅的步伐輕輕

擺動(dòng)。陽(yáng)光給這片風(fēng)景鍍上一層金色，在草地上投下長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的影子。遠(yuǎn)處，戴著雪冠的乞力馬扎羅山在天空

下雄偉地聳立著。）”、S^AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowing

themtooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassicexampleof

evolutionary（進(jìn)化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfrom

lowgrowingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeedingpetition

idea.（根據(jù)查爾斯?達(dá)爾文的觀點(diǎn)，1.8米長(zhǎng)的脖子讓長(zhǎng)頸鹿在覓食高樹(shù)綠葉時(shí)比短脖子的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者更有優(yōu)

勢(shì)；這已成為進(jìn)化論的一個(gè)經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長(zhǎng)頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在

低處進(jìn)食更快、更頻繁。這對(duì)于達(dá)爾文的覓食競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)意外。）”以及最后一段“Withthenecks

theycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheir

survival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthe

naturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.（有了長(zhǎng)頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還

能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對(duì)的?？粗L(zhǎng)頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫

步在平原上，我再次對(duì)自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。）”可知，本文主要介紹了長(zhǎng)頸鹿的長(zhǎng)脖子是如

何形成的，以及長(zhǎng)脖子對(duì)長(zhǎng)頸鹿生存的貢獻(xiàn)。文章提到了達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化理論，并通過(guò)東非的研究結(jié)果和長(zhǎng)

頸鹿祖先的化石發(fā)現(xiàn)，進(jìn)一步探討了長(zhǎng)脖子的進(jìn)化過(guò)程。所以D項(xiàng)Nature飛PerfectDesignforGiraffes（自然

對(duì)長(zhǎng)頸鹿的完美設(shè)計(jì)）表達(dá)的含義與本文主旨相符，適合用作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Humorplaysagreatroleinhelpingonedealwithstress,anger,fear,anxietyandotherdifficultemotions.

Sometimes,thatmeanspurposefullyshoringupdefensesagainsthardtimestoe.Othertimesitcanmeanlaughing

whenyouwanttocry,orcrackinganillogicaljokewhenitfeelsliketheskyisfallingandEarthisonfire.

Topsychologists,humorisanunconsciouscopingmechanism,akindofstrategicbehaviororthought.Notall

ofthesestrategiesarebeneficial:Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,

whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.

Andofcourse,there5sthephysicalreactionofhumor:laughter.Withitesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxation

andahigherpaintolerance."'Thestressisthere;youjustdon'tfeelitasmuch,“sayspsychologistSultanoff.

Ofcourse,humorisn'tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustaslikelytoincreasestress

anddisconnection.Meanspiritedordisparaging（貶低的）humoractuallycausespeopletobefurtherapartand

increasesdivision.

“Humorcanariseduringstresswithoutcauseorefforttomakeit.Buthumorcanalsobeplayedconsciously,9,

Sultanoffsays,addingthathesometimestravelswithaclownnosetofindfuninlife'severydayroutine.Joyful

useofhumorbuildspsychologicalantibodies（抗體）,“hesays.

Buttakingupthepowerofhumordoesn'tmeanignoringthenegatives.Thepointisnottoneverfeeldifficult

emotions.4<Stressisthereforareason,andifstocallyourattentiontoaproblemthatneedstobesolved,

Sultanoffsays."Whenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,it'simportantto

recognizewhythafsthere.^^Turningtohumortoosoonmaypreventsomeonefromprocessingemotionsina

healthyway,increasingstressratherthandecreasingit."Byexpressinghumoryougiveyourselfabreak.Andwe

allneedalittlebreak/9Sultanoffsays.

12.Howishumorhelpfulasacopingmechanism?

A.Itpreventshardtimesing.B.Itmeansanemotionalrelease.

C.Itgeneratespositivemindsets.D.Itinspiresartisticcreativity.

13.Whydoestheauthortalkaboutlaughter?

A.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.B.Toillustrateaneffectofhumor.

C.Todistinguishhumorfromit.D.Towarnthedangerofstress.

14.Whichofthefollowingiscalleddisparaginghumorinparagraph4?

A.Makingyourfriendlookstupid.B.Tellingastoryinafunnyway.

C.Wearingclownclothesataparty.D.Laughingatyourownmistakes.

15.WhatdoesSultanoffthinkofadifficultemotion?

A.It'ssomethingweshouldavoid.B.It'sareminderofourproblems.

C.Itdrawsourattentiontohumor.D.Itgivesusabreakfromroutine.

【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章討論了幽默的作用，然后進(jìn)一步從心理學(xué)家的角度來(lái)看幽默是在哪個(gè)層

面上發(fā)揮作用。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段**Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,

whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.（例J

如，飲酒或暴飲暴食是更危險(xiǎn)的應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制，而幽默則能夠?qū)?chuàng)造力融入壓力之中，這可能會(huì)帶來(lái)視角的轉(zhuǎn)

變，并阻斷痛苦的情緒）”可知，幽默可以改變看問(wèn)題的視角，抑制令人痛苦的情緒。由此推知，幽默的作

用主要是樹(shù)立積極的心態(tài)。故選c項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Withitesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxationandahigherpaintolerance.（隨之而來(lái)

的是更順暢的呼吸、肌肉放松以及更高的疼痛耐受性）”可推知，作者本段談到laughter的積極作用，是為

了進(jìn)一步闡述幽默的積極作用。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第四段“Ofcourse,humorisn'tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustas

likelytoincreasestressanddisconnection.Meanspiritedordisparaging（貶低的）humoractuallycausespeopleto

befurtherapartandincreasesdivision.（當(dāng)然，幽默并不是萬(wàn)能的：在錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)機(jī)講錯(cuò)誤的笑話(huà)，同樣可能增

加壓力和疏離感。帶有惡意或貶損性的幽默實(shí)際上會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們之間的距離進(jìn)一步拉大，并加劇分裂）”可推

知，讓你的朋友看起來(lái)很蠢是一種貶低性幽默。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uWhenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,ifs

importanttorecognizewhythafsthere.（當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)至!j悲傷、憤怒或挫敗感等負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，重要的是要認(rèn)識(shí)到

這些情緒產(chǎn)生的原因）”可推知，Sultanof認(rèn)為，difficultemotions讓我們認(rèn)識(shí)至IJ我們的問(wèn)題，這就是

difficultemotions的價(jià)值。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12?5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Itisfartoomonthatpeoplearecaughtoffguardbyasnowstormorsomeotherattacksofwintryweather.

Snowstormscanleadanyonetolifethreateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsideforextendedperiods.

16

Ifyou'redrivingtoaplacewheresnowstormsmighthappen,havingtherightclothingiscrucial.TheRed

Crosssays,“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.17"Evenifitdoesn'tlookthatcoldorthreatening

whenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchangesunexpectedly.

18Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Check

thetirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.

Iftheweatherbeessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.19Ifyourcargetsstuck

inthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.

Ifthisdoesnotwork,callforemergencyservices.

20Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10

minuteseachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelieve

thattherescuersareontheway.

A.Ifthere?snonenearby,justpullover.

B.Openthewindowacrackforfreshair.

C.Theywillpreventthelossofbodyheat.

D.Undernocircumstanceshouldyouleaveyourvehicle.

E.Makesureyouhaveafullystockedsafetykitinyourcar.

EThen,whatshouldwedoifunfortunatelystuckinasnowstorm?

G.So,whatprotectivemeasuresshallwetaketopreventthedanger?

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在暴風(fēng)雪中應(yīng)該采取的防護(hù)措施。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文aSnowstormscanleadanyonetolifethreateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsidefor

extendedperiods.（暴風(fēng)雪會(huì)讓任何人陷入危及生命境地，尤其是當(dāng)一個(gè)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間被困在外面時(shí)）”和下文

介紹了一些在暴風(fēng)雪中可以采取的防護(hù)措施可知，此處起到承上啟下的作用，需要提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，即我們

應(yīng)該怎么做來(lái)防止這種危險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)G“那么，我們應(yīng)該采取什么保護(hù)措施來(lái)防止危險(xiǎn)呢?”符合語(yǔ)

境。故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.（穿多層的衣服，戴上手套和帽子）"和下文"Evenifit

doesn'tlookthatcoldorthreateningwhenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchanges

unexpectedly.（即使你出發(fā)的時(shí)候看起來(lái)并不那么冷，也不那么嚇人，也要帶上足夠的保暖衣物，以防天氣

突然變化。）”可知，此處介紹穿多層衣服，戴手套和帽子的目的是為了防止身體熱量的散失。選項(xiàng)C“它

們可以防止身體熱量散失”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Checkthe

tirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.（里面應(yīng)該有救生毯、路鹽、鏟子、手電筒和手機(jī)

充電器。檢查輪胎壓力和汽油，并帶上足夠的食物和水）”可知，本段主要介紹的是在車(chē)?yán)餃?zhǔn)備一個(gè)裝備齊

全的安全工具包。選項(xiàng)E“確保你的車(chē)?yán)镉幸粋€(gè)裝備齊全的安全工具包”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Iftheweatherbeessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.（如果天氣變得惡劣，把

你的車(chē)開(kāi)到最近的加油站或旅館）“和下文"Ifyourcargetsstuckinthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,

usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.（如果你的車(chē)被困在雪里，但情況足夠安

全，就用工具包里的鏟子把輪胎挖出來(lái)，用鹽來(lái)融化雪）”可知，此處介紹的是如果附近沒(méi)有加油站或旅館

應(yīng)該怎么做。選項(xiàng)A“如果附近沒(méi)有，就靠邊停車(chē)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10minutes

eachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelievethatthe

rescuersareontheway.（在暴風(fēng)雪中，千萬(wàn)不要步行去尋求幫助。待在車(chē)?yán)?，每小時(shí)開(kāi)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)約10分鐘取

暖。保存你的體力，合理分配你有的食物和水。保持冷靜，相信救援人員正在路上）”可知，本段主要介紹

的是在暴風(fēng)雪中千萬(wàn)不要離開(kāi)自己的車(chē)。選項(xiàng)D"在任何情況下你都不應(yīng)該離開(kāi)你的車(chē)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選

Do

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

In2009,AthertonandherroommatesetoffonaroadtripfromAnnapolistoPittsburgh.Astheydrovetoward

theirdestination,theircar21.leavingthemhelplesswithoutenoughmoneytorepairit.Whaf