高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省臺金七校2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whyisthewomannervous?A.Sheisgoingtodoapresentation.B.Sheisgoingtomeethernewboss.C.Shehastofinishherworkby3:00p.m.【答案】A【原文】M:Don’tforgetthatwehaveameetingat3:00p.m.Alltheofficesfromaroundtheworldarejoiningit.W:Iknow.I’msonervoustogiveapresentationinfrontofsomanypeople.2.Atwhichplacewillthespeakersprobablyeatlunch?A.Apark. B.Theoffice. C.Arestaurant.【答案】B【原文】M:Hey,comeintothemainoffice!Thebosshasboughtusfriednoodlesfromthatnicerestaurantnearthepark,tocelebratefinishingtheproject!W:IwishI’dknown!I’vebroughtsandwiches.M:Don’tworry,justputtheminthefridge.Youcaneatthemlater!3.WhatdidFrankdowhenhepassedthewoman’shousetoday?A.Heignoredher.B.Hewavedtoher.C.Hesmiledather.【答案】A【原文】W:What’swrongwithFrank?Healwayswaveswhenhepassesmyhouse,butheevendidn’tlookatmetoday.M:Maybehehasalotonhismind.HedidsmilethelasttimeIsawhim.W:He’susuallyveryfriendly.It’snotlikehimtoignoreme.4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Afilm. B.Adesigner. C.Amuseum.【答案】C【原文】M:Isawanewsreportthatsaidthefilmmuseumisoneofthemostmodernbuildingsinthatcity.W:Yes,that’sright.Itwasdesignedbyaveryfamousdesignerandthere’sstillalottobedonetofinishit.5.Howwillthemangethomefromschooltoday?A.Byridinghisbike.B.Bygettingaridefromhiscoach.C.Bybeingpickedupbyhismother.【答案】B【原文】M:Hi,Mom.Ididn’tridemybiketoschool,butmycoachsaidhewoulddrivemehomeaftertherunningpractice.W:Oh,Ialmostforgottopickyouup.PleasesaythankyoutoCoachVincefordoingthat!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome. B.Atamall. C.Atapark.7.WhatdoesthemansuggestJilldo?A.Gocamping.B.Goforawalk.C.Gotoseeherfriends.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Areyoustillsleeping,Jill?I’mdisappointedinyou.W:Butit’sacold,rainyday,Dad.It’sperfectforsleeping,isn’tit?M:Iguessso.Butisthatreallyhowyouwanttospendyourtime?WhenIwasyourage,Iwasalwaysattheparkwithmyfriends.W:Well,myfriendsareallatthatmathcamp.WhatdoyouthinkIshouldbedoing?M:Idon’tknow.You’reyoung,andyouhavesomuchenergy.Whynotgotothemallacrossthestreetandtakeawalkthere?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydowithherpapercups?A.Shethrowsthemintherecyclingbin.B.Sheleavesthemforotherstocleanup.C.Shedisposesofthemintheregulartrash.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutrecyclingcups?A.Itissomethingeveryoneshoulddo.B.Itcanbeaveryprofitablebusiness.C.Itplaysasmallpartinenvironmentalprotection.10.Whatwillthespeakersworkontogether?A.Aletter. B.Avideo. C.Anewspaper.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【原文】M:Inoticeyoualwaysthrowyourpapercupinthenormalbininsteadoftherecyclingone.W:BecauseIdon’tbelieverecyclingcupsmakesabigdifference.M:Butifeveryonerecyclespaperproducts,wewon’tneedtocutdownthatmanytrees.W:Buttherearealwayssometreesgrowntobecutdownforwoodandpaper.Whatweshoulddoisplantmoretrees.M:Ithinkyou’rewrongaboutrecycling,butyou’rerightaboutplantingtrees.Youshouldwritealettertothenewspaper.W:Ithinkit’sbettertomakeavideoandputitonsocialmedia.M:Whydon’tyoudothat?Youhavemillionsoffollowers.W:Well,wouldyouliketojoinme?M:Sure!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandemployee.C.Houseownerandhousebuyer.12.Howmuchdothespeakersplantospendonhousing?A.$500. B.$1,000. C.$2,000.13.Whatdoesthewomanconsiderfirst?A.Goodviews. B.Bigbedrooms. C.Astudy.【答案】11.A12.A13.C【原文】W:Ilikethishouse,butI’mworriedwewon’thaveenoughmoneytopaytherenteachmonth.M:Don’tworryaboutthat.Oncewegetthebusinessupandrunning,we’llhavemorethanenough.W:Honey,Itrustyou.Butbeforeourbusinessgetsup,we’dbetterfindanaffordablehouse.Justincasewerunintodifficulties.M:You’reright.Let’ssee.Nowthishouseis$1000permonth,whichdoublestheamountofmoneywe’replanningtospendonhousing.W:Yes,butitisreallyagoodhouse.Ilovethisbigbedroomforourkids.M:Yeah.Andthishousereallyhasagoodview.Well,Iguessweneedtonarrowdownouroptionsnow.Houseswithgoodviewsaredefinitelymuchmoreexpensive.W:Yeah,theonlythingIreallycareaboutinthehouseisastudy,sincethatistheplacewherewecangetourbusinessgrowing.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatisChris’job?A.Ashowhost. B.Ascientist. C.Anastronaut.15.WhathasDoctorWang’steamrecentlyreceived?A.Apictureofanewlab.B.Apictureofablackhole.C.Apictureofanewtelescope.16.Whyistheimageexciting?A.Itmeansanewgalaxywillbefound.B.Itindicateshumanscanreachmoregalaxies.C.ItprovestheguessabouttheMilkyWaygalaxyisright.17.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Lookattheimage.B.VisitDoctorWang’slab.C.Introduceanotherbreakthrough.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.A【原文】M:TodayontheshowwehaveDoctorWang.W:Thanksforhavingme,Chris.Ilovewatchingyourshow.M:Thankyou.Sowhydon’tyoutellouraudiencewhatyoudoforaliving?W:I’mascientistwhostudiesobjectsinspace.M:Andyourecentlymadeabigdiscovery.Isthatright?W:Yes,usingthenewEventHorizonTelescope,wenowhaveaclearimageofablackhole.M:Notjustanyblackhole,buttheoneatthecenterofourgalaxy.W:Yes,exactly.WehavealwaysthoughttherewasablackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxy,butnowwehaveproof.It’ssoexciting!M:Yeah,itsureis.Sowhatwillyoudonow?W:Wewillcontinuetotakemoreimagesandstudythemtoseewhatelsewecanfindoutaboutthisblackhole.M:I’vestartedhopingyou’llcomebackandsharenewbreakthroughswithouraudiencenexttime.Butbeforethat,Ican’twaitanylongertoseetheimageyou’vegot.Isitwithyou?W:Oh,no,Ileftitinourlab.Ha-ha,I’mjoking.Herewego.…聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.WhatdidPresidentUlyssesS.GrantdoforYellowstoneNationalPark?A.Hegaveitaname.B.Hesignedalawtoprotectit.C.Hemadeitlargerthanbefore.19.WhichisthemostfavoredactivityinYellowstoneaccordingtothespeaker?A.Bird-watching. B.Camping. C.Hiking.20.WhatislocatedunderYellowstoneLake?A.Agrassland. B.Amountain. C.Avolcano.【答案】18.B19.B20.C【原文】TheUnitedStateshasmanybeautifulnationalparks.ButthemostbeautifulofthemallisYellowstoneNationalPark.ItsnamewastakenfromtheYellowstoneRiver,whichflowsthroughthepark.MostofYellowstoneislocatedinWyoming,butsmallpartsextendintoMontanaandIdaho.Thepark’sprotectionwassignedintolawonMarch1st,1872,byPresidentUlyssesS.Grant.ItwasthefirstnationalparkintheU.S.andwaswidelyconsideredtobethefirstintheworld.DoingsomeoutdooractivitiesinYellowstonealwaystopsmostAmericans’must-dolists,suchashikingandbird-watching.Butamongalloftheseactivities,campingisthemostpopularone.ThemainattractionoftheparkisawaterfallinWyoming.Touristscanalsoenjoygreatviewsoflakes,mountains,colorfulrocks,andgrasslandsacrossthepark.YellowstoneLakeisoneofthelargestlakesinNorthAmerica,anditrestsontopoftheYellowstoneCaldera,anactivevolcanothatisalsothelargestsupervolcanoonthecontinent.Theparkisalsoanamazingplacetoseewildlifelikebears,wolves,anddeer.YellowstoneisoneofthemostpopularnationalparkdestinationsintheU.S.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThe4MostExtremeThingsYouCanDoinCanadaCanadaboaststhrillingadventuresacrossitsdiverselandscapes—toweringmountains,rushingrivers,andvastforests—alongwithurbanchallenges.HerearesomeofthemostextremethingsyoucandoinCanada.CNTowerEdgeWalk,TorontoFormanyvisitors,peeringdownfromtheCNTower’ssky-highglassobservationdecksisthrillingenough.Butfortrueadventureseekers,theCNTowerEdgeWalkoffersanunparalleledexperience.Scaryandexhilarating,this90-minuteadventureletsyouleanovertheedgewhilesecuredtoabelt,offeringbreathtaking360-degreeviewsofToronto.WestCoastTrail,VancouverIslandThisfamous75kmtrailinBritishColumbiaisoneofCanada’smostchallenginghikes.Walkingthroughforestsandalongbeaches,hikersarerecommendedtocarryeverythingtheyneed,fromfoodtoequipment.Only52peoplecanstartthetraileachdayfromMaytoSeptember,soyou’llneedtobookahead.Theweek-longjourneyistoughbutoffersbeautifuloceanviewsandarealsenseofachievement.IceHotel,QuebecThisuniquehotelisentirelyconstructedfromiceandrebuilteachwinter.Maintainingasteady-5℃,itfeaturesanicebar,outdoorhottubs(浴缸),andsolidicebeds,offeringguestsanunforgettableArcticadventure.LeviathanRollerCoaster,TorontoAsCanada’stallest(93m)andfastest(148km/h)rollercoaster,LeviathanatCanada’sWonderlandoffersanexciting3.5-minuteride.Itsinnovativeengineeringensuresmaximumthrillswithcompletesafety,makingitamust-tryforadventureseekers.TheseextraordinaryCanadianadventurespromisenotjustadrenaline(腎上腺素)rushes,butlifelongmemories—bookyourjourneytodayanddiscoverwhyCanadaistheultimateplaygroundforthrill-seekers!21.WhatdoweknowabouttheWestCoastTrail?A.Ittakesadaytocomplete.B.Itisaccessibletoallhikers.C.Itrequiresphysicaltoughness.D.Itmainlyfeaturesurbanviews.22.Whichdestinationisidealfortravelersseekingpolaradventures?A.WestCoastTrail. B.QuebecIceHotel.C.CNTowerEdgeWalk. D.LeviathanRollerCoaster.23.Whatdothefourextremeadventureshaveincommon?A.Leg-testinghikes.B.Head-spinningaltitude.C.Pulse-racingexperiences.D.Eye-catchinglandscapes.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹加拿大四項極限活動，包括多倫多塔邊緣漫步、西海岸步道徒步等，邀游客體驗刺激，留下難忘回憶?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Walkingthroughforestsandalongbeaches,hikersarerecommendedtocarryeverythingtheyneed,fromfoodtoequipment.Only52peoplecanstartthetraileachdayfromMaytoSeptember,soyou’llneedtobookahead.Theweek-longjourneyistoughbutoffersbeautifuloceanviewsandarealsenseofachievement.(徒步旅行者穿過森林和海灘時，建議他們攜帶所需的一切，從食物到設(shè)備。從5月到9月，每天只有52人可以開始徒步旅行，所以你需要提前預(yù)訂。為期一周的旅程很艱難，但可以欣賞到美麗的海景和真正的成就感)”可知，西海岸步道需要體力上的堅韌。故選C?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thisuniquehotelisentirelyconstructedfromiceandrebuilteachwinter.Maintainingasteady-5℃,itfeaturesanicebar,outdoorhottubs(浴缸),andsolidicebeds,offeringguestsanunforgettableArcticadventure.(這家獨特的酒店完全由冰建造，每年冬天都會重建。保持穩(wěn)定的零下5攝氏度，它設(shè)有冰吧、戶外熱水浴缸和實心冰床，為客人提供難忘的北極冒險體驗)”可知，魁北克冰酒店是尋求極地冒險的理想之地。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Canadaboaststhrillingadventuresacrossitsdiverselandscapes(加拿大在其多樣的景觀中擁有驚險刺激的冒險活動)”以及對四個項目的描述：CNTowerEdgeWalk中“Scaryandexhilarating(既可怕又令人興奮)”；WestCoastTrail中“Theweek-longjourneyistough(為期一周的旅程很艱難)”；IceHotel中“offeringguestsanunforgettableArcticadventure(為客人提供難忘的北極冒險體驗)”；LeviathanRollerCoaster中“Itsinnovativeengineeringensuresmaximumthrillswithcompletesafety(其創(chuàng)新的工程設(shè)計確保在完全安全的情況下帶來最大的刺激)”可知，這四項極限冒險的共同之處是都能帶來令人心跳加速的體驗。故選C。BLateonenightinJuly2020inReykjavik,HaraldurThorleifssonwaswanderingaroundthecity’smainshoppingstreetwithhisfamily.ShortlyaftermovingbacktoIcelandfromtheUnitedStates,theywerejet-laggedandcouldn’tsleep.Duringtheirwalk,histhree-year-oldsonwantedadrinkfromacornerstore,butThorleifssoncouldn’tenterduetoa20-centimeterstepblockinghisaccesstothestore.Bornwithmusculardystrophy(肌肉萎縮癥),Thorleifssonhasusedawheelchairsinceage25.Ashewaitedoutsidetheshopforhiswifeandchildren,herecalled,“Ithoughtabouthowstrangeitisthatweseparatefamiliesinthisway.IthoughtaboutallthetimesIwasn’tabletojoinmyfriendsatrestaurantsandstoresthatareinaccessible.”Havinglivedworldwideasadesigner,hehadwitnessedfirst-handhowdifferentcitiesconsiderandplanforaccessibility,fromramps(斜坡)andsidewalkstopublictransportation.In2021,helaunchedRampUpReykjavik,anon-profitaimingtobuild100permanentrampsinthecitywithinayear.Unlikemobileandtemporarysolutionsinothercities,theserampsarepermanentstructuresthatmatchtheartisticstyleofthebuildings,makingthemappearasifthey’vealwaysbeenthere.Withgovernmentfundingandsponsors,theprojectexpandednationwide,targeting1,500rampsby2026.Iceland’spresidentpraisedThorleifsson’swork,callinghimarolemodelforinclusivity.NamedIceland’sPersonoftheYearin2022,Thorleifssonalsorunsacafe,cinema,andaco-workingspace.ThorleifssonisproudthatRampUphasmotivatedotherstoact.Herecentlymetawomanwhowasinspiredtobuildarampatherhome,allowingherfriendof30yearswhousesawheelchairtoeasilyvisit.“Equalaccessisn’tarealityyet,”Thorleifssonsays,“butchangestartswithoneperson.”24.WhatinspiredThorleifssontostarttheRampUpReykjavikproject?A.Hisson’sdifficultyinfindingadrink.B.Hisambitiontogainnationalrecognition.C.Hispersonalexperiencewithinaccessiblespaces.D.Hisdissatisfactionwiththecity’stransportsystem.25.HowaretherampsbuiltbyRampUpReykjavikdifferentfromthoseinothercities?A.Theyaretemporaryandmobile.B.Theyarefundedbyforeignorganizations.C.Theyareprimarilyforpublictransportation.D.Theyareconsistentwiththebuildings’design.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching. B.Profit-making.C.Short-lived. D.Area-limited.27.WhatmessagedoesThorleifssonwanttoconveythroughhiswork?A.Technologicalsolutionsaretheultimateanswer.B.Certainrestrictionsinpublicareasareunavoidable.C.Governmentsshouldtakechargeofpublicprojects.D.Individualsshouldtaketheinitiativetocreatechange.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Thorleifsson因自身殘疾經(jīng)歷發(fā)起RampUpReykjavik項目，建造永久性坡道并產(chǎn)生深遠影響的故事?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Bornwithmusculardystrophy(肌肉萎縮癥),Thorleifssonhasusedawheelchairsinceage25.

Ashewaitedoutsidetheshopforhiswifeandchildren,herecalled,“Ithoughtabouthowstrangeitisthatweseparatefamiliesinthisway.IthoughtaboutallthetimesIwasn’tabletojoinmyfriendsatrestaurantsandstoresthatareinaccessible.”(Thorleifsson生來就患有肌肉萎縮癥，從25歲起就開始坐輪椅。他在商店外等妻子和孩子時回憶道：“我覺得這樣把一家人分開很奇怪。我想起了那些我因為無法進入的餐廳和商店而不能和朋友們一起的時刻?！?”可知，Thorleifsson自身在無障礙空間方面的不便經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了他發(fā)起RampUpReykjavik項目的靈感。故選C?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Unlikemobileandtemporarysolutionsinothercities,theserampsarepermanentstructuresthatmatchtheartisticstyleofthebuildings,makingthemappearasifthey’vealwaysbeenthere.(與其他城市的移動和臨時解決方案不同，這些坡道是永久性結(jié)構(gòu)，與建筑物的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格相匹配，使它們看起來好像一直都在那里)”可知，RampUpReykjavik建造的坡道與建筑物的設(shè)計相匹配，不同于其他城市的移動和臨時解決方案。故選D?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Iceland’spresidentpraisedThorleifsson’swork,callinghimarolemodelforinclusivity.NamedIceland’sPersonoftheYearin2022,Thorleifssonalsorunsacafe,cinema,andaco-workingspace.ThorleifssonisproudthatRampUphasmotivatedotherstoact.Herecentlymetawomanwhowasinspiredtobuildarampatherhome,allowingherfriendof30yearswhousesawheelchairtoeasilyvisit.(冰島總統(tǒng)贊揚了Thorleifsson的工作，稱他是包容性的榜樣。Thorleifsson在2022年被評為冰島年度人物，他還經(jīng)營著一家咖啡館、一家電影院和一個共享工作空間。Thorleifsson很自豪RampUp激勵了其他人行動起來。他最近遇到一位女士，這位女士受到啟發(fā)，在自己家里建造了一個坡道，讓她坐了30年輪椅的朋友可以輕松來訪)”可推知，該項目的影響是深遠的。故選A?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Equalaccessisn’tarealityyet,”Thorleifssonsays,“butchangestartswithoneperson.”(Thorleifsson說：“平等進入還沒有成為現(xiàn)實，但改變要從一個人開始?！?”可推知，Thorleifsson想傳達的信息是個人應(yīng)該主動去創(chuàng)造改變。故選D。CExtremeheatseemstoquickenbiologicalageinginolderpeople,suggestingthatitcouldraisetheriskofage-relateddiseases.“Thisisoneofthefirstlarge-scalestudiestolinklong-termheatexposuretobiologicalageinginhumans,”saysEunYoungChoiattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Olderadultslivinginareaswithmoreextremeheatdaysagedbiologicallyfasterthanthoseincoolerregions.”Choiandhercolleaguesanalyzedgeneticdatafrombloodsamplesof3,600Americansaged56andolder.Theyestimatedeachparticipant’sbiologicalageusingthreeso-calledepigenetic(表觀遺傳的)clocks,whichinvolveslookingatpatternsofchemicaltags(標(biāo)簽)onDNA.Thesepatternschangeaswegetolderandsuchchangeshavebeenlinkedtoage-relateddiseases.Theresearchersalsoexamineddailyairtemperaturereadingstakenwithinafewkilometresofwhereparticipantslivedforthesixyearsbeforebloodsamplesweretaken.Theyfoundthat,forroughlyevery200dayswithtemperaturesreachingatleast32.2℃(90°F)oversixyears,biologicalageincreasedbyupto3.5monthsonaverage.SimilarfindingswerereportedinearlierstudiesfromTaiwanandGermany,addingtothegrowingevidenceofthisglobalassociation.However,expertslikeAustinArgentieriatHarvardwarnthatepigeneticclocksalonecannotfullypredicttheageingprocessorpeople’sriskofdiseases.Whiletheresultsareconvincing,somescientistsarguethatgenesmayplayalargerrolethanenvironmentalfactorsinageing.“Individualresiliencevarieswidely,”saidArgentieri.“Weneedmoreresearchtoconnectheatexposure,biologicalageing,andactualhealthoutcomes.”Thestudyalsodidnotaccountforfactorslikeairconditioninguseortimespentoutdoors,whichcouldsignificantlychangepersonalheatexposure.Thefindingholdscriticalsignificance,especiallyasclimatechangeincreasesheatwaves.Urbanplanningsolutions,suchasexpandinggreenspacestorelievethe“heatisland”effectincities,couldminimizerisks.Identifyingdisadvantagedpopulationsmightalsopromotepolicieslikegovernment-fundedcoolingsystemsortailoredheatwarnings.Astemperaturesriseglobally,understandingheat’shiddeneffectsonhealthgrowsurgent.Thisstudyhighlightshowourenvironmentmayshapenotjustourcomfort—butourverybiology.Whiledebatescontinue,onemessageisclear:extremeheatismorethanatemporarydiscomfort;itcouldquietlyacceleratetheclockwithinus.28.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutextremeheat?A.Itaffectspeopleaged56andolder.B.Itspeedsupbiologicalageinginseniors.C.Itreducestheriskofage-relateddiseases.D.Ithasnolong-termimpactonhumancells.29.HowdidChoi’steamconducttheirresearchonheatandageing?A.ByanalyzingDNAchangesinblood.B.Bymeasuringbodytemperaturesdaily.C.Bycomparingagingratesacrosscountries.D.Bytrackingparticipants’medicalhistories.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthelimitationsofthestudyaccordingtoArgentieri?A.Thestudyover-reliedonepigeneticclocks.B.Thedataonairtemperaturewasinaccurate.C.Thesamplewasinsufficientforconclusions.D.Theresearchersoverlookedenvironmentalfactors.31.Basedontheresearchfindings,whichpracticalsolutionwouldberecommended?A.Fundingresearchonanti-ageingdrugs.B.Providingheatreliefforthoseinneed.C.Identifyinggreenspacesinurbanareas.D.AdaptingDNAtoenhanceheattolerance.【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)極端高溫似加速老年人生物衰老，雖存爭議與局限，但凸顯應(yīng)對高溫對健康影響的緊迫性?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Extremeheatseemstoquickenbiologicalageinginolderpeople,suggestingthatitcouldraisetheriskofage-relateddiseases.(極端高溫似乎會加速老年人的生物衰老，這表明它可能會增加患與年齡相關(guān)疾病的風(fēng)險。)”可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)極端高溫會加速老年人的生物衰老。故選B?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Choiandhercolleaguesanalyzedgeneticdatafrombloodsamplesof3,600Americansaged56andolder.Theyestimatedeachparticipant’sbiologicalageusingthreeso-calledepigenetic(表觀遺傳的)clocks,whichinvolveslookingatpatternsofchemicaltags(標(biāo)簽)onDNA.(Choi和她的同事分析了3600名56歲及以上美國人的血液樣本中的遺傳數(shù)據(jù)。他們使用三種所謂的表觀遺傳時鐘來估計每個參與者的生物年齡，這涉及到觀察DNA上的化學(xué)標(biāo)簽?zāi)Ｊ健?”可知，Choi的團隊通過分析血液中的DNA變化來進行研究。故選A。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,expertslikeAustinArgentieriatHarvardwarnthatepigeneticclocksalonecannotfullypredicttheageingprocessorpeople’sriskofdiseases.(然而，像哈佛大學(xué)的奧斯汀?阿真蒂耶里這樣的專家警告說，僅表觀遺傳時鐘不能完全預(yù)測衰老過程或人們患病的風(fēng)險。)”可知，阿真蒂耶里認為這項研究過度依賴表觀遺傳時鐘。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Identifyingdisadvantagedpopulationsmightalsopromotepolicieslikegovernment-fundedcoolingsystemsortailoredheatwarnings.(確定弱勢群體也可能會推動像政府資助的降溫系統(tǒng)或量身定制的高溫預(yù)警這樣的政策。)”可知，根據(jù)研究結(jié)論，會推薦為有需要的人提供散熱措施。故選B。DWithclimatechangethreateningtraditionalagricultureandnearly700millionpeoplefacinghungerworldwide,scientistsaredevelopinginnovativesolutions.Onepromisingtechnology—Electro-agriculture—enablesplantstogrowwithoutsunlightbyusingelectricitytotransformcarbondioxideandwaterintonutrients.Theprocess,developedbyProfessorFengJiao’steam,involvestwokeysteps:firsttransformingCO?intoCO,thenturningitintoacetate(醋酸鹽)—asubstanceplantscanuseforgrowth.Thisbreakthroughallowscropstodevelopindependentlyofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Electro-agriculturesystemsaredesignedasmulti-storybuildings.Solarpanelsontheroofgenerateelectricityforthenutrientproductionprocess,whileplantsgrowonlowerfloors.Earlyexperimentshavesuccessfullygrownmushroomsandalgae,withcurrenttrialsfocusingonvegetableslikelettuceandtomatoes.Onepromisingapplicationisitspotentialtoeasefoodinsecurity,particularlyinregionswheretraditionalagriculturefails.“Wehopethetechnologycanbeemployedinlocationswheretraditionalagricultureisverydifficult,”Jiaosays.“Particularlyconcerningisclimatechange—placesthatusedtobegoodlandforgrowingthingsmaynotbepossibleinthefuture,sothismaybecomeawaytostabilizethefoodsupplytotheworld.”ButsomeexpertsareskepticalofElectro-agriculture’sabilitytobealarge-scalesolutiontofoodinsecurity.AccordingtoHaroldvanEs,anexpertonsoilandwatermanagementatCornellUniversity,theeffectivenessofthistechnologyis“upintheair.”“Doesitactuallysolveaproblem,orisitjustanovelwayofgrowingplants?”heasks.“It’snotgoingtosolvetheglobalfoodshortageissuesbecauseit’stoocomplexandprobablytooinefficientfromafinancialperspective.“Infact,thetechnologyrequiresenormousamountsofenergy:feedingtheentireU.S.populationusingElectro-agriculturewouldrequirefivetimesthecurrentelectricityconsumptionoftheentireU.S..What’smore,manycropsalsorequiregeneticadjustmentstoeffectivelyuseacetate.Additionally,publicacceptanceoffoodgrownthiswayremainsuncertain.Despitethechallenges,researchersremainoptimisticaboutthefutureofElectro-agriculture.AsJiaoandhisteamcontinuetoimprovethetechnology,theyarehopefulthatwithinthenexttwoyears,theywillachieve“significantdevelopmentinthefield”.32.WhatisonemajoradvantageofElectro-agriculturementionedinthetext?A.Itreplacestraditionalfarmingwithlowercosts.B.Itremovestheneedforcarbondioxideinplantgrowth.C.Itsustainscropgrowthwithoutrelyingonphotosynthesis.D.Itproduceshigheryieldsthanexistingagriculturalmethod.33.WhichchallengeisNOTmentionedforElectro-agriculture?A.Thecropsneedgeneticadjustment.B.Thecropscouldbecomelessnutritious.C.Thepublicmayresistthisgrowingmethod.D.Thesystemrequiressubstantialpowerdemand.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“upintheair”inparagraph4mean?A.Alreadyproven. B.Potentiallypromising.C.Widelyaccepted. D.Stillundecided.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CanElectricFarmingFeedtheFuture?B.HowCanSolarPanelsSolveWorldHunger?C.TheEndofTraditionalFarming:ANewEraBegins.D.FromSunlighttoElectricity:AnAgricultureRevolution.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了電農(nóng)業(yè)這一新興技術(shù)，它通過電力將二氧化碳和水轉(zhuǎn)化為植物生長所需的養(yǎng)分，使植物生長不再依賴光合作用，有望緩解全球糧食不安全問題，但同時也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)。【32題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisbreakthroughallowscropstodevelopindependentlyofphotosynthesis.(這一突破使作物能夠不依賴光合作用而生長。)”可知，電農(nóng)業(yè)的一個主要優(yōu)勢是它使作物生長不依賴光合作用。故選C?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“What’smore,manycropsalsorequiregeneticadjustmentstoeffectivelyuseacetate.Additionally,publicacceptanceoffoodgrownthiswayremainsuncertain.Infact,thetechnologyrequiresenormousamountsofenergy:feedingtheentireU.S.populationusingElectro-agriculturewouldrequirefivetimesthecurrentelectricityconsumptionoftheentireU.S.(更重要的是，許多農(nóng)作物還需要進行基因調(diào)整，才能有效地利用醋酸鹽。此外，公眾對這種種植方式生產(chǎn)的食品的接受程度仍不確定。事實上，這項技術(shù)需要大量的能源：用電農(nóng)業(yè)養(yǎng)活整個美國人口將需要目前美國全國用電量的五倍。)”可知，文中提到電農(nóng)業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括農(nóng)作物需要基因調(diào)整、公眾可能會抵制這種種植方法、該系統(tǒng)需要大量的電力需求，但未提到農(nóng)作物可能會變得不那么有營養(yǎng)。故選B?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“someexpertsareskepticalofElectro-agriculture’sabilitytobealarge-scalesolutiontofoodinsecurity(一些專家對電農(nóng)業(yè)在大規(guī)模解決糧食安全問題方面的能力表示懷疑。)”以及下文“Doesitactuallysolveaproblem,orisitjustanovelwayofgrowingplants?(它真的能解決問題嗎，還是僅僅是一種新穎的植物種植方式呢？)”可知，專家對電農(nóng)業(yè)作為解決糧食不安全問題的大規(guī)模解決方案持懷疑態(tài)度，不確定它是否真的能解決問題。由此可知，upintheair意思是“懸而未決的，不確定的”，D選項“Stillundecided”（仍然未決定的）符合文意。故選D。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Withclimatechangethreateningtraditionalagricultureandnearly700millionpeoplefacinghungerworldwide,scientistsaredevelopinginnovativesolutions.Onepromisingtechnology—Electro-agriculture—enablesplantstogrowwithoutsunlightbyusingelectricitytotransformcarbondioxideandwaterintonutrients.(隨著氣候變化威脅到傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)，全球近7億人面臨饑餓，科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)創(chuàng)新的解決方案。一項有前途的技術(shù)——電農(nóng)業(yè)——利用電力將二氧化碳和水轉(zhuǎn)化為養(yǎng)分，使植物能夠在沒有陽光的情況下生長。)”和第四段“someexpertsareskepticalofElectro-agriculture’sabilitytobealarge-scalesolutiontofoodinsecurity(一些專家對電農(nóng)業(yè)在大規(guī)模解決糧食安全問題方面的能力表示懷疑。)”以及“Doesitactuallysolveaproblem,orisitjustanovelwayofgrowingplants?(它真的能解決問題嗎，還是僅僅是一種新穎的植物種植方式呢？)”可知，文章主要討論了電農(nóng)業(yè)這一新興技術(shù)，它有望緩解全球糧食不安全問題，但同時也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)，選項A“電力農(nóng)業(yè)能養(yǎng)活未來嗎？”作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TalktopeopleyoudisagreewithEveryoneoccasionallyhasdisagreementswithfriendsorfamilymembers.Sometimesthesedisagreementsareaboutsimplethings,likewhichrestaurantmakesthebestpizza.Othertimes,theymaybeaboutmoreserioustopics,likeeventshappeningintheworld.____36____Here’show.____37____Youmayfindthatyoucan’tchangetheotherperson’smind,andtheymay