廣東省學(xué)士學(xué)位英語2015考試真題A卷一、詞匯和語法（共20小題；每小題1分，共20分）1.Wemust__thetelegramatonce.A.replyB.replytoC.answertoD.respond答案：B分析：“replyto”表示“回復(fù)（信件、電報(bào)等）”；“reply”作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接賓語需加“to”；“answer”本身可直接接賓語，“answerto”一般表示“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”；“respond”是不及物動(dòng)詞，常和“to”搭配，意思是“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”。這里說回復(fù)電報(bào)，用“replyto”合適。2.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds__hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D分析：“base...on...”表示“把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)上”，這里是“把他的論點(diǎn)建立在……基礎(chǔ)上”，“grounds”是先行詞，相當(dāng)于“onthegrounds”，所以用“onwhichtobase”，它是“which引導(dǎo)的定語從句+不定式”的省略形式。3.Idon'tmind__thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate.A.youtodelaymakingB.yourdelayingmakingC.yourdelayingtomakeD.youdelaytomake答案：B分析：“mind”后面接動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“one'sdoingsth.”；“delay”后面也接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，所以是“yourdelayingmaking”。4.Thehousewasveryquiet,__asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated答案：A分析：“isolated”是過去分詞作原因狀語，和句子主語“thehouse”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，“房子被孤立”，表示一種狀態(tài)，不需要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或完成時(shí)態(tài)的形式。5.Thepatient'shealthfailedtosuchanextentthathewasputinto__care.A.tenseB.rigidC.intensiveD.tight答案：C分析：“intensivecare”是固定短語，意為“重癥監(jiān)護(hù)”；“tense”意為“緊張的”；“rigid”意為“嚴(yán)格的，僵硬的”；“tight”意為“緊的”。6.Thefootballgamecomestoyou__fromNewYork.A.livelyB.aliveC.liveD.living答案：C分析：“l(fā)ive”作副詞時(shí)，表示“現(xiàn)場直播地”；“l(fā)ively”意為“活潑的，生動(dòng)的”；“alive”意為“活著的”；“l(fā)iving”意為“活的，現(xiàn)存的”。這里說足球比賽從紐約現(xiàn)場直播，用“l(fā)ive”。7.__sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.A.NosooneritgrewdarkthanB.HardlydiditgrowdarkthatC.ScarcelyhaditgrowndarkthanD.Itwasnotuntildarkthat答案：D分析：“Nosooner...than...”和“Hardly/Scarcely...when...”是固定搭配，A、C選項(xiàng)搭配錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“Hardly”引導(dǎo)的句子應(yīng)該用倒裝，且搭配“when”?！癐twasnotuntil...that...”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間“dark”，符合題意。8.__inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.A.JudgedthebestB.JudgingthebestC.TobejudgedthebestD.Havingjudgedthebest答案：A分析：“judge”和“thethreestudents”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，“被評(píng)判為最好”，所以用過去分詞作狀語，選A。9.Withoutproperlessons,youcould__alotofbadhabitswhenplayingthepiano.A.keepupB.pickupC.drawupD.catchup答案：B分析：“pickup”有“偶然學(xué)會(huì)，染上（習(xí)慣等）”的意思；“keepup”意為“保持，繼續(xù)”；“drawup”意為“起草，擬定”；“catchup”意為“趕上”。這里說可能染上很多壞習(xí)慣，用“pickup”。10.Everythingweeatanddrinkcontainssomesalt;wecanmeetthebody'sneedforitfromnaturalsourceswithoutturning__thesaltbottle.A.upB.toC.onD.over答案：B分析：“turnto”有“求助于，轉(zhuǎn)向”的意思，這里說不用求助于鹽瓶，即不用額外加鹽，用“turnto”合適；“turnup”意為“出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大”；“turnon”意為“打開”；“turnover”意為“翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交”。11.Healwaysdidwellatschool__havingtodoparttimejobseverynowandthen.A.inspiteofB.regardlessofC.onaccountofD.incaseof答案：A分析：“inspiteof”表示“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語；“regardlessof”意為“不管，不顧”；“onaccountof”意為“由于，因?yàn)椤保弧癷ncaseof”意為“萬一，以防”。這里說盡管不時(shí)要做兼職，他在學(xué)校還是表現(xiàn)很好，用“inspiteof”。12.__receivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityorthegovernmentisallowed,itisneveradmired.A.AsB.OnceC.AlthoughD.Lest答案：C分析：“although”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”，這里說雖然接受家庭、社區(qū)或政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持是被允許的，但卻不被贊賞，符合邏輯；“as”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；“once”意為“一旦”；“l(fā)est”意為“以免”。13.Allthekeywordsinthearticleareprintedin__typesoastoattractreaders'attention.A.darkB.denseC.blackD.bold答案：D分析：“boldtype”是固定表達(dá)，意為“粗體字”；“dark”意為“黑暗的”；“dense”意為“密集的，濃密的”；“black”意為“黑色的”。14.Thebasicfeaturesofthecommunicationprocessareidentifiedinonequestion:Whosays__throughwhatchanneltowhom?A.whatB.whenC.howD.such答案：A分析：這里“says”后面缺少賓語，“what”可以作賓語，“Whosayswhatthroughwhatchanneltowhom”意思是“誰通過什么渠道對(duì)誰說了什么”，符合語境。15.Ididn't__totakeataxibutIhadtoasIwaslate.A.assumeB.supposeC.meanD.hope答案：C分析：“meantodosth.”表示“打算做某事”；“assume”意為“假設(shè)，認(rèn)為”；“suppose”意為“猜想，假設(shè)”；“hope”意為“希望”。這里說我本沒打算坐出租車，用“mean”合適。16.Thehours__thechildrenspendintheironewayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipswithreallifepeople.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.whenD.that答案：D分析：“that”引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作“spend”的賓語，“thechildrenspendthehours...”，“hours”是先行詞；“inwhich”和“when”在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語；“onwhich”一般用于和“spend...on...”搭配，但這里“spend”后面直接接賓語，不需要“on”。17.I'dratherhavearoomofmyown,howeversmallitis,than__aroomwithsomeoneelse.A.shareB.toshareC.sharingD.tohaveshared答案：A分析：“wouldratherdosth.thandosth.”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“寧愿做某事也不愿做某事”，所以用動(dòng)詞原形“share”。18.InDisneyland,everyyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto__signsaskinghis“guests”nottosteponthem.A.putdownB.putoutC.putupD.putoff答案：C分析：“putup”有“張貼，豎起”的意思，這里說張貼指示牌，用“putup”；“putdown”意為“放下，記下”；“putout”意為“熄滅，出版”；“putoff”意為“推遲”。19.__difficultieswemaycomeacross,we'llhelponeanothertoovercomethem.A.WhereverB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Whenever答案：B分析：“whatever”修飾名詞“difficulties”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“無論什么困難”；“wherever”意為“無論哪里”；“however”修飾形容詞或副詞；“whenever”意為“無論何時(shí)”。20.Somanydirectors__,theboardmeetinghadtobeputoff.A.wereabsentB.beenabsentC.hadbeenabsentD.beingabsent答案：D分析：“somanydirectorsbeingabsent”是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作原因狀語，“directors”和“beabsent”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；如果用完整的句子，需要用連詞連接，A、C選項(xiàng)缺少連詞；B選項(xiàng)形式錯(cuò)誤。二、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）Passage1Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelifechangingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women'smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(處方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe'reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmentalstrain.21.TheresultofHolmesRahe'smedicalresearchtellsus__.A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestressB.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstressC.whatkindofeventwouldcausestressD.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife答案：C分析：第一段提到他們制定了一個(gè)壓力事件清單，表明任何重大變化都會(huì)有壓力，列舉了負(fù)面和正面的生活改變事件，說明他們的研究結(jié)果是告訴我們什么樣的事件會(huì)導(dǎo)致壓力，選C。22.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto__.A.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffectsB.greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcauseC.anintensiveresearchintostressrelatedillnessesD.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobs答案：A分析：第二段說數(shù)百萬在壓力下工作和生活的美國人對(duì)這些報(bào)告感到擔(dān)憂，女性雜志也有相關(guān)標(biāo)題，說明這些研究導(dǎo)致了人們對(duì)壓力有害影響的廣泛關(guān)注，選A。23.ThescoreoftheHolmesRahetestshows__.A.howmuchpressureyouareunderB.howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlifeC.howstressfulamajoreventcanbeD.howyoucandealwithlifechangingevents答案：A分析：第一段提到“thescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith”，說明分?jǐn)?shù)顯示的是你承受多大的壓力，選A。24.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.答案：D分析：第三段說避免所有壓力事件的建議不可能遵循，因?yàn)楹芏鄩毫κ录o法避免，而且避開壓力事件也意味著避開機(jī)會(huì)，選D。25.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome__.A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesB.physicallyandmentallystrainedC.morecapableofcopingwithadversityD.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothem答案：C分析：最后一段提到很多人經(jīng)歷壓力時(shí)期后比以前有更多的身心活力，說明經(jīng)歷過起伏的人更有能力應(yīng)對(duì)逆境，選C。Passage2Mostepisodesofabsentmindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.“You'resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven'tencodeditdeeply.”Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon'tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou'reinvolvedinaconversation,you'llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn'tfailingyou,”saysSchacter.“Rather,youdidn'tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsentmindedness.“Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,”saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcuescanhelppreventabsentmindedness,saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable,”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedication(藥物)withlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don'tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsentmindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou'rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou'lllikelyremember.26.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant?A.Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter.B.Itenablesustorecallsomethingfromourmemory.C.Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably.D.Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory.答案：B分析：第二段提到“Encoding...isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater”，說明正確編碼對(duì)之后回憶事情有重大影響，選B。27.Onepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat__.A.theyhaveawiderrangeofinterestsB.theyaremorereliantontheenvironmentC.theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattentionD.theyaremoreinterestedinwhat'shappeningaroundthem答案：D分析：第三段提到“Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment”，說明女性對(duì)周圍發(fā)生的事情更感興趣，所以記憶力更好，選D。28.Anoteinthepocketcan'thelptoremembertotakeamedicinebecause__.A.itwilleasilygetlostB.it'snotclearenoughforyoutoreadC.it'soutofyoursightD.itmaygetmixedupwithotherthings答案：C分析：第四段提到“besurethecueisclearandavailable”，把藥瓶放在廚房桌子上能看到，而把紙條放口袋里看不到，就不能起到提示作用，選C。29.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Ifwefocusourattentionononething,wemightforgetanother.B.Memorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment.C.Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory.D.Ifwekeepforgettingthings,we'dbetterreturntowherewewere.答案：A分析：最后一段說走進(jìn)房間卻忘了為什么進(jìn)來，很可能是當(dāng)時(shí)在想別的事情，說明如果我們把注意力集中在一件事上，可能會(huì)忘記另一件事，選A。30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.B.Thecausesofabsentmindedness.C.Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory.D.Awayofencodingandrecalling.答案：B分析：文章開頭指出心不在焉的情況是由缺乏注意力導(dǎo)致，接著提到缺乏興趣也會(huì)導(dǎo)致心不在焉，還介紹了視覺提示等，主要圍繞心不在焉的原因展開，選B。Passage3Itishardtotrackthebluewhale,theocean'slargestcreature,whichhasalmostbeenkilledoffbycommercialwhalingandisnowlistedasanendangeredspecies.Attachingradiodevicestoitisdifficult,andvisualsightingsaretoounreliabletogiverealinsightintoitsbehavior.Sobiologistsweredelightedearlythisyearwhen,withthehelpoftheNavy,theywereabletotrackabluewhalefor43days,monitoringitssounds.ThiswaspossiblebecauseoftheNavy'sformerlytopsecretsystemofunderwaterlisteningdevicesspanningtheoceans.TrackingwhalesisbutoneexampleofanexcitingnewworldjustopeningtocivilianscientistsafterthecoldwarastheNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystembuiltoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies.Earthscientistsannouncedatanewsconferencerecentlythattheyhadusedthesystemforcloselymonitoringadeepseavolcaniceruption(爆發(fā))forthefirsttimeandthattheyplansimilarstudies.Otherscientistshaveproposedtousethenetworkfortrackingoceancurrentsandmeasuringchangesinoceanandglobaltemperatures.Thespeedofsoundinwaterisroughlyonemileasecond—slowerthanthroughlandbutfasterthanthroughair.Whatismostimportant,differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsounds,focusingtheminthesamewayastethoscope(聽診器)doeswhenitcarriesfaintnoisesfromapatient'schesttoadoctor'sear.Thisfocusingisthemainreasonthatevenrelativelyweaksoundsintheocean,especiallylowfrequencyones,canoftentravelthousandsofmiles.31.Thepassageischieflyabout__.A.anefforttoprotectanendangeredmarinespeciesB.thecivilianuseofamilitarydetectionsystemC.theexposureofaU.S.NavytopsecretweaponD.anewwaytolookintothebehaviorofbluewhales答案：B分析：文章主要講述了冷戰(zhàn)后海軍開始分享和部分公開其水下監(jiān)聽系統(tǒng)，生物學(xué)家用它追蹤鯨魚，地球科學(xué)家用它監(jiān)測火山爆發(fā)等，說明是軍事探測系統(tǒng)的民用，選B。32.Theunderwaterlisteningsystemwasoriginallydesigned__.A.totraceandlocateenemyvesselsB.tomonitordeepseavolcaniceruptionsC.tostudythemovementofoceancurrentsD.toreplacetheglobalradiocommunicationsnetwork答案：A分析：第三段提到“builtoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies”，說明水下監(jiān)聽系統(tǒng)最初是為了追蹤潛在敵人的船只而設(shè)計(jì)的，選A。33.Thedeepsealisteningsystemmakesuseof__.A.thesophisticatedtechnologyoffocusingsoundsunderwaterB.thecapabilityofsoundtotravelathighspeedC.theuniquepropertyoflayersofoceanwaterintransmittingsoundD.lowfrequencysoundstravelingacrossdifferentlayersofwater答案：C分析：第五段提到“differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsounds”，說明深海監(jiān)聽系統(tǒng)利用了海水層傳播聲音的獨(dú)特特性，選C。34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__.A.newradiodevicesshouldbedevelopedfortrackingtheendangeredbluewhalesB.bluewhalesarenolongerendangeredwiththeuseofthenewlisteningsystemC.opinionsdifferastowhethercivilianscientistsshouldbeallowedtousemilitarytechnologyD.militarytechnologyhasgreatpotentialincivilianuse答案：D分析：從文章中生物學(xué)家用海軍的水下監(jiān)聽系統(tǒng)追蹤鯨魚，地球科學(xué)家用它監(jiān)測火山爆發(fā)等可以推斷出軍事技術(shù)在民用方面有很大潛力，選D。35.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheU.S.Navyunderwaterlisteningnetwork?A.Itisnowpartlyaccessibletocivilianscientists.B.Ithasbeenreplacedbyamoreadvancedsystem.C.Itbecameuselesstothemilitaryafterthecoldwar.D.Itisindispensableinprotectingendangeredspecies.答案：A分析：第三段提到“theNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystem”，說明美國海軍水下監(jiān)聽網(wǎng)絡(luò)現(xiàn)在部分可供民用科學(xué)家使用，選A。三、完型填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）Thetaskofbeingacceptedandenrolled(招收)inauniversitybeginsearlyforsomestudents.Long__36__theygraduatefromhighschool,thesestudentstakespecialcoursestoprepareforadvancedstudy.Theymayalsotakeoneormoreexaminationsthattesthow__37__preparedtheyarefortheuniversity.Inthefinalyearofhighschool,they__38__applicationsandsendthem,withtheirstudentrecords,totheuniversitieswhichtheyhopeto__39__.Somehighschoolstudentsmaybe__40__tohaveaninterviewwithrepresentativesoftheuniversity.Neatly__41__,andusuallyveryfrightened,theyaredeterminedtoshowthattheyhaveagoodattitudeandthe__42__tosucceed.Whenthenewstudentsarefinally__43__,theremaybeonemoresteptheyhaveto__44__beforeregisteringforclassesandgettingtowork.Manycollegesanduniversities__45__anorientation(情況介紹)programfornewstudents.Intheseprograms,theyoungpeoplegettoknowtheproceduresforregistrationandstudentadvising,universityrules,theuseofthelibraryandalltheothermajorservicesofthecollegeoruniversity.36.A.asB.afterC.sinceD.before答案：D分析：根據(jù)后文可知，這些學(xué)生在高中畢業(yè)前就開始為大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備，所以用“before”。37.A.deeplyB.widelyC.wellD.much答案：C分析：“wellprepared”表示“準(zhǔn)備充分”，這里說考試測試他們?yōu)榇髮W(xué)準(zhǔn)備得有多充分，用“well”。38.A.fulfillB.finishC.completeD.accomplish答案：C分析：“completeapplications”表示“完成申請(qǐng)”，“complete”強(qiáng)調(diào)使事物完整；“fulfill”強(qiáng)調(diào)履行職責(zé)、諾言等；“finish”強(qiáng)調(diào)完成工作、任務(wù)等；“accomplish”強(qiáng)調(diào)完成成就、目標(biāo)等。39.A.attendB.participateC.studyD.belong答案：A分析：“attendtheuniversity”表示“上大學(xué)”，是固定搭配。40.A.acquiredB.consideredC.orderedD.required答案：D分析：“berequiredtodosth.”表示“被要求做某事”，這里說一些高中生可能被要求和大學(xué)代表面試。41.A.decoratedB.dressedC.coatedD.worn答案：B分析：“dressed”表示“穿著”，“neatlydressed”表示“穿著整潔”。42.A.powerB.abilityC.possibilityD.quality答案：B分析：“abilitytosucceed”表示“成功的能力”，“power”強(qiáng)調(diào)權(quán)力、力量；“possibility”強(qiáng)調(diào)可能性；“quality”強(qiáng)調(diào)品質(zhì)。43.A.adoptedB.acceptedC.receivedD.permitted答案：B分析：“beaccepted”表示“被錄取”，這里說新學(xué)生最終被