2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：地理環(huán)境變遷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：本部分共有20道選擇題，每道題后面都有四個選項，請仔細(xì)閱讀每道題，并根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最符合題意的答案。這些題主要考察你對文章主旨、細(xì)節(jié)、推理和詞匯的理解。作答時，一定要沉下心，逐字逐句地分析，別被那些花里胡哨的干擾信息帶跑偏。我敢說，很多同學(xué)就是吃了不看原文的虧，非得自己瞎猜，結(jié)果正確率低得可憐。來，咱們看看這幾道題，都是考察基本功的。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheprimarycauseofthedustbowlphenomenoninthe1930s?A.OvergrazingbylivestockontheprairiesB.TheGreatDepressionleadingtoreducedagriculturalactivityC.SeveredroughtconditionscombinedwithpoorfarmingpracticesD.Governmentpoliciesencouragingrapidsettlementofwesternterritories2.Theword"devastated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.DamagedseverelyB.ExcitedlytransformedC.CarefullypreservedD.Delicatelymaintained3.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactoftheHomesteadActof1862ontheGreatPlains?A.ItledtosustainablelandusepracticesthatbenefitedfarmersB.ItencouragedenvironmentallysoundsettlementandfarmingC.ItresultedinoverexploitationofnaturalresourcesandsoildegradationD.Itwasprimarilyaimedatprotectingthenativewildlifeoftheregion4.Accordingtothepassage,howdidtheconstructionoftheTranscontinentalRailroadaffecttheenvironmentoftheAmericanWest?A.ItfacilitatedtherapidexpansionofagricultureandsettlementB.ItledtothepreservationofvastnaturallandscapesC.ItcausedsignificantdisruptiontonativeecosystemsandwildlifeD.Itencouragedtheestablishmentofnationalparksandconservationareas5.Thepassagementionsthat"thewindsweptacrossthebarrenplains,"whichstatementbestexplainsthereasonforthisphenomenon?A.ThewindwasnaturallyoccurringandnotinfluencedbyhumanactivitiesB.ThewindwasaresultofthedeforestationeffortsbyearlysettlersC.ThewindwasdrivenbythelackofvegetationcoverduetooverfarmingD.Thewindwasintentionallyusedbyfarmerstocleartheirfields6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofscienceinaddressingenvironmentalchallenges?A.SciencehaslittletonoroleinsolvingenvironmentalproblemsB.SciencecanprovidesolutionsbutisoftenignoredbypolicymakersC.ScienceistheprimarydriverofenvironmentaldegradationD.Scienceissolelyresponsiblefordevelopingenvironmentalpolicies7.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthemainconsequencesoftheDustBowlforthepeoplelivinginaffectedareas?A.ManywereabletocontinuefarmingwithminimalchangesB.TheywereforcedtoabandontheirlandandmigratetootherregionsC.ThegovernmentprovidedthemwithlargesubsidiestostayontheirfarmsD.Theywereofferedfreelandtostartanewindifferentareas8.Thepassagementionsthat"soilconservationtechniquesweregraduallyadopted,"whichstatementbestexplainswhythishappened?A.FarmerswereforcedtoadoptthesetechniquesbygovernmentmandatesB.ThesetechniqueswerewidelypopularamongfarmersfromthebeginningC.FarmersonlyadoptedthesetechniquesafterfacingsevereenvironmentalconsequencesD.Thetechniquesweredevelopedbyscientistsbutwerenevertestedinreal-worldconditions9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenhumanactivitiesandclimatechange?A.HumanactivitieshavenosignificantimpactonclimatechangeB.HumanactivitiesareaminorfactorinthebroadercontextofclimatechangeC.HumanactivitiesandnaturalprocessesareequallyresponsibleforclimatechangeD.Humanactivitiesareamajorcontributortotheaccelerationofclimatechange10.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasakeyfactorintherecoveryoftheGreatPlainsaftertheDustBowl?A.ThediscoveryofnewoilreservesintheregionB.Thegovernment'sinvestmentininfrastructureandagriculturalsupportC.ThenaturalregrowthofvegetationduetoreducedhumanactivityD.Thearrivalofnewsettlerswhobroughtimprovedfarmingtechniques11.Theword"mitigate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ExacerbateB.ReduceC.PreserveD.Transform12.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthelong-termeffectsoftheDustBowlontheAmericanWest?A.TheregionquicklyreturnedtoitspreviousstateofenvironmentalhealthB.TheregionexperiencedapermanentdeclineinagriculturalproductivityC.TheregiondevelopedsustainablelandmanagementpracticesthatlastedfordecadesD.Theregionbecameamodelforenvironmentalconservationworldwide13.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbyfarmersduringtheDustBowl?A.TheyhadanabundanceofcropstosellathighpricesB.TheyfacedextremeweatherconditionsandsoilerosionC.TheywereabletoeasilyobtaingovernmentloansfortheirfarmsD.Theyexperiencedasignificantincreaseintheavailabilityofwaterresources14.Thepassagementionsthat"thegovernmentimplementedvariousprogramstoaidaffectedfarmers,"whichstatementbestexplainsthepurposeoftheseprograms?A.ToprovidefinancialincentivesforfarmerstoleavetheregionB.TosupportfarmersinadoptingmoresustainablefarmingpracticesC.ToencouragethedevelopmentofnewindustriesintheaffectedareasD.Toensurethatfarmerscontinuedtoreceivehighpricesfortheircrops15.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleoftechnologyinenvironmentalmanagement?A.TechnologyhashadnoimpactonenvironmentalmanagementB.TechnologyhasbeenprimarilyusedfordestructivepurposesC.TechnologyhasprovidedtoolstomitigateenvironmentalproblemsD.Technologyhasbeenslowtodevelopinthecontextofenvironmentalissues16.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasasignificantfactorinthesuccessofsoilconservationeffortsontheGreatPlains?A.ThewidespreadadoptionofadvancedfarmingmachineryB.Thegovernment'senforcementofenvironmentalregulationsC.ThecollaborationbetweenfarmersandscientistsD.Thenaturalresilienceoftheregion'ssoilandclimate17.Theword"sustainable"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.TemporaryB.EnduringC.UnpredictableD.Irreversible18.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactoftheDustBowlonNativeAmericancommunities?A.IthadnosignificantimpactontheirwayoflifeB.ItforcedthemtoadoptsimilarfarmingpracticesassettlersC.ItledtothedisplacementandmarginalizationofmanytribesD.Itstrengthenedtheirtraditionallandmanagementpractices19.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthelessonslearnedfromtheDustBowl?A.HumanactivitieshavenoimpactontheenvironmentB.ItisessentialtobalanceagriculturaldevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotectionC.FarmersshouldalwaysrelyongovernmentsubsidiestosurviveD.TheGreatPlainsareunsuitableforanyformofagriculture20.Thepassagementionsthat"theGreatPlainsweretransformedintoamodelofsustainableagriculture,"whichstatementbestexplainswhythishappened?A.TheregionwasnaturallysuitedforsustainablefarmingpracticesB.FarmerswereforcedtoadoptthesepracticesduetoenvironmentalconstraintsC.ThegovernmentprovidedextensivetrainingandresourcesforsustainablefarmingD.Thesuccessofsustainablefarminginotherregionsinspiredthetransformation二、填空題要求：本部分共有10道填空題，每道題都是一個句子，句子中有空白處，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容填寫最合適的單詞。這些題主要考察你對文章細(xì)節(jié)和詞匯的掌握程度。作答時，一定要結(jié)合上下文，想想這個空該填什么詞才能使句子通順、合理。我見過太多同學(xué)，就是看走了眼，結(jié)果填了個驢唇不對馬嘴的詞，太可惜了。來，咱們試試這幾道題，看看你的細(xì)心程度。21.TheDustBowlwasprimarilycausedbyacombinationof_______and_______.22.Manypeoplewereforcedto_______fromtheaffectedareasduetothesevereenvironmentalconditions.23.Soilconservationtechniques,suchas_______and_______,weregraduallyadoptedtomitigatetheproblem.24.Thegovernmentimplementedvariousprogramsto_______affectedfarmersandhelpthemrecover.25.Thesuccessoftheseeffortscanbeattributedtothe_______betweenfarmersandscientists.26.TheGreatPlainsweretransformedintoamodelof_______agriculture,demonstratingtheimportanceofenvironmentalstewardship.27.TheDustBowlhighlightedtheneedfor_______landmanagementpracticestopreventsimilardisastersinthefuture.28.Humanactivities,suchas_______and_______,haveasignificantimpactontheenvironmentandcancontributetoclimatechange.29.TherecoveryoftheGreatPlainsaftertheDustBowlwaspartlyduetothe_______ofnaturalvegetation.30.TheexperienceoftheDustBowlservesasa_______forsustainabledevelopmentandenvironmentalconservation.三、判斷題要求：本部分共有10道判斷題，每道題都是一個陳述句，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷其正誤。這些題主要考察你對文章細(xì)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確把握能力。作答時，一定要仔細(xì)閱讀每個陳述，想想它是否符合文章的描述，別被一些看似合理的干擾信息迷惑了。我提醒過你們多少次，判斷題千萬不能想當(dāng)然，一定要找到原文依據(jù)。來，咱們看看這幾道題，看看你的眼力如何。31.TheDustBowlwasprimarilycausedbyasingleevent,suchasamassivestorm.A.TrueB.False32.AllfarmersintheGreatPlainsregionwereaffectedbytheDustBowlphenomenon.A.TrueB.False33.SoilconservationtechniqueswerewidelyadoptedimmediatelyaftertheDustBowlbegan.A.TrueB.False34.ThegovernmentplayedasignificantroleinprovidingaidtofarmersduringtheDustBowl.A.TrueB.False35.TheDustBowlhadnolastingimpactontheagriculturalproductivityoftheGreatPlains.A.TrueB.False36.NativeAmericancommunitieswerelargelyunaffectedbytheenvironmentalchangesbroughtaboutbytheDustBowl.A.TrueB.False37.TheconstructionoftheTranscontinentalRailroadhadapositiveimpactontheenvironmentoftheAmericanWest.A.TrueB.False38.TheHomesteadActof1862encouragedsustainablelandusepracticesontheGreatPlains.A.TrueB.False39.ScientificresearchplayedacrucialroleinunderstandingthecausesandconsequencesoftheDustBowl.A.TrueB.False40.TheGreatPlainshavecompletelyrecoveredfromtheenvironmentaldamagecausedbytheDustBowl.A.TrueB.False四、簡答題要求：本部分共有5道簡答題，每道題都需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行簡要回答。這些題主要考察你對文章主要信息和細(xì)節(jié)的綜合理解能力。作答時，一定要抓住問題的核心，用簡潔明了的語言回答，別畫蛇添足，也別答非所問。我建議你們在做這類題時，可以先在原文中找到相關(guān)段落，劃出關(guān)鍵信息，然后再組織語言。來，咱們試試這幾道題，看看你的概括能力如何。41.WhatwerethemaincausesoftheDustBowlphenomenoninthe1930s?Pleaseprovideabriefexplanation.42.DescribetheimpactoftheDustBowlonthepeoplelivinginaffectedareas.Focusonboththeimmediateandlong-termeffects.43.WhatweresomeofthesoilconservationtechniquesthatwereadoptedtomitigatetheenvironmentaldamagecausedbytheDustBowl?Giveacoupleofexamples.44.HowdidthegovernmentrespondtothechallengesposedbytheDustBowl?Mentionspecificprogramsoractionstaken.45.WhatlessonscanbelearnedfromtheexperienceoftheDustBowlregardingenvironmentalmanagementandsustainabledevelopment?Offeraconciseanswer.五、論述題要求：本部分共有1道論述題，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行深入分析和闡述。這道題主要考察你對文章內(nèi)容的整體把握能力和批判性思維能力。作答時，一定要圍繞問題的核心，提出自己的觀點，并用地道、流暢的語言進(jìn)行論證，同時結(jié)合文章的具體內(nèi)容進(jìn)行支撐。我建議你們在做這類題時，可以先列出提綱，明確自己的論點和論據(jù)，然后再進(jìn)行寫作。來，咱們試試這道題，看看你的分析能力如何。46.Discussthecomplexrelationshipbetweenhumanactivities,environmentalchanges,andsocietalresponsesinthecontextoftheDustBowlphenomenon.Analyzehowthesefactorsinteractedandwhatthebroaderimplicationsareforsustainabledevelopmentandenvironmentalmanagementtoday.本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.C.Severedroughtconditionscombinedwithpoorfarmingpractices解析：文章第一段明確提到，“TheDustBowlwascausedbyacombinationofseveredroughtandpoorfarmingpractices.”這個選項直接對應(yīng)了文章的描述，是正確答案。A選項雖然有一定影響，但不是主要原因；B選項是經(jīng)濟(jì)背景，不是直接原因；D選項是背景政策，也不是直接原因。2.A.Damagedseverely解析：第二段提到，“Theregionwasdevastatedbytheduststorms.”“Devastated”的意思是“嚴(yán)重破壞”，與A選項的意思最接近。B選項“興奮地轉(zhuǎn)變”完全不符合語境；C選項“精心保護(hù)”和D選項“精心維護(hù)”都與原文意思相反。3.C.Itresultedinoverexploitationofnaturalresourcesandsoildegradation解析：文章提到，“TheHomesteadActencouragedsettlementbutledtooveruseoftheland,resultinginsoildegradation.”這說明HomesteadAct導(dǎo)致了資源的過度開發(fā)，這是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；B選項也是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到。4.C.Itcausedsignificantdisruptiontonativeecosystemsandwildlife解析：文章提到，“Theconstructionoftherailroaddisruptednativeecosystemsandledtothedeclineofwildlife.”這說明鐵路建設(shè)對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和野生動物造成了重大破壞，是正確答案。A選項是鐵路建設(shè)的結(jié)果，不是原因；B選項與原文相反；D選項沒有提到國家公園的建設(shè)。5.C.Thewindwasdrivenbythelackofvegetationcoverduetooverfarming解析：文章提到，“Thewindsweptacrossthebarrenplainsbecausetherewasnovegetationtoholdthesoil.”這說明風(fēng)是因為過度耕作導(dǎo)致植被覆蓋減少，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；B選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到風(fēng)被故意用來清田。6.B.Sciencecanprovidesolutionsbutisoftenignoredbypolicymakers解析：文章提到，“Whilesciencecanprovidesolutions,policymakersoftenignorethisadvice.”這說明科學(xué)可以提供解決方案，但常常被決策者忽視，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項是錯誤的；D選項過于絕對。7.B.Theywereforcedtoabandontheirlandandmigratetootherregions解析：文章提到，“Manypeoplewereforcedtoleavetheirhomesandmigratetootherstatesinsearchofbetteropportunities.”這說明很多人被迫離開土地，遷移到其他地區(qū)，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項和D選項都沒有提到政府的補貼和免費土地。8.C.Farmersonlyadoptedthesetechniquesafterfacingsevereenvironmentalconsequences解析：文章提到，“SoilconservationtechniquesweregraduallyadoptedaftertheDustBowlhighlightedtheseverityoftheproblem.”這說明農(nóng)民是在經(jīng)歷了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境后果后才采用這些技術(shù)，是正確答案。A選項是錯誤的；B選項與原文相反；D選項沒有提到技術(shù)的測試。9.D.Humanactivitiesareamajorcontributortotheaccelerationofclimatechange解析：文章提到，“Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandindustrialization,aremajorcontributorstoclimatechange.”這說明人類活動是氣候變化的主要推動者，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；B選項是錯誤的；C選項沒有提到自然過程。10.B.Thegovernment'sinvestmentininfrastructureandagriculturalsupport解析：文章提到，“Thegovernment'sinvestmentininfrastructureandagriculturalprogramshelpedtheregionrecover.”這說明政府的投資是恢復(fù)的關(guān)鍵，是正確答案。A選項是錯誤的；C選項是部分原因，但不是主要原因；D選項是錯誤的。11.B.Reduce解析：第三段提到，“Effortsweremadetomitigatethedamage.”“Mitigate”的意思是“減輕”，與B選項的意思最接近。A選項“加劇”與原文相反；C選項“保護(hù)”和D選項“轉(zhuǎn)化”都與原文意思不符。12.B.Theregionexperiencedapermanentdeclineinagriculturalproductivity解析：文章提到，“TheDustBowlledtoalong-termdeclineinagriculturalproductivityintheregion.”這說明該地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力的長期下降，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到該地區(qū)成為環(huán)保典范。13.B.Theyfacedextremeweatherconditionsandsoilerosion解析：文章提到，“Farmersfacedseveredrought,duststorms,andsoilerosion.”這說明農(nóng)民面臨極端天氣和土壤侵蝕，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項和D選項都沒有提到政府的貸款和水資源增加。14.B.Tosupportfarmersinadoptingmoresustainablefarmingpractices解析：文章提到，“Thegovernmentprogramsaimedtosupportfarmersinadoptingsustainablepractices.”這說明政府的目標(biāo)是支持農(nóng)民采用更可持續(xù)的耕作方式，是正確答案。A選項是錯誤的；C選項和D選項都沒有提到發(fā)展新產(chǎn)業(yè)和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格。15.C.Technologyhasprovidedtoolstomitigateenvironmentalproblems解析：文章提到，“Technologyhasprovidedtoolstohelpmanageenvironmentalissues.”這說明技術(shù)提供了解決環(huán)境問題的工具，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；B選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到技術(shù)發(fā)展緩慢。16.C.Thecollaborationbetweenfarmersandscientists解析：文章提到，“Thesuccesswasduetothecollaborationbetweenfarmersandscientists.”這說明成功是由于農(nóng)民和科學(xué)家之間的合作，是正確答案。A選項是部分原因，但不是主要原因；B選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到土壤和氣候的自然恢復(fù)能力。17.B.Enduring解析：第四段提到，“Sustainablepracticesarethosethatcanendureovertimewithoutdepletingresources.”“Sustainable”的意思是“持久的”，與B選項的意思最接近。A選項“臨時的”；C選項“不可預(yù)測的”；D選項“不可逆的”都與原文意思不符。18.C.Itledtothedisplacementandmarginalizationofmanytribes解析：文章提到，“TheenvironmentalchangesforcedmanyNativeAmericantribesofftheirlands,leadingtodisplacementandmarginalization.”這說明環(huán)境變化導(dǎo)致許多部落被迫離開土地，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；B選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到他們傳統(tǒng)耕作方式的加強(qiáng)。19.B.Itisessentialtobalanceagriculturaldevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection解析：文章提到，“TheDustBowltaughtustheimportanceofbalancingagriculturewithenvironmentalprotection.”這說明經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)是平衡農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到平原不適合農(nóng)業(yè)。20.B.Farmerswereforcedtoadoptthesepracticesduetoenvironmentalconstraints解析：文章提到，“Theregionwastransformedbecausefarmershadnochoicebuttoadoptsustainablepracticesduetotheenvironmentalconditions.”這說明農(nóng)民是由于環(huán)境限制被迫采用這些耕作方式，是正確答案。A選項與原文相反；C選項是錯誤的；D選項沒有提到其他地區(qū)的成功。二、填空題答案及解析21.TheDustBowlwasprimarilycausedbyacombinationof**severedrought**and**poorfarmingpractices**.解析：文章第一段明確提到，“TheDustBowlwascausedbyacombinationofseveredroughtandpoorfarmingpractices.”因此，這兩個詞是正確答案。22.Manypeoplewereforcedto**migrate**fromtheaffectedareasduetothesevereenvironmentalconditions.解析：文章提到，“Manypeoplewereforcedtoleavetheirhomesandmigratetootherstatesinsearchofbetteropportunities.”因此，“migrate”是正確答案。23.Soilconservationtechniques,suchas**shelterbelts**and**croprotation**,weregraduallyadoptedtomitigatetheproblem.解析：文章提到，“Soilconservationtechniques,suchasplantingshelterbeltsandpracticingcroprotation,weregraduallyadopted.”因此，這兩個詞是正確答案。24.Thegovernmentimplementedvariousprogramsto**help**affectedfarmersandhelpthemrecover.解析：文章提到，“Thegovernmentimplementedvariousprogramstoaidaffectedfarmersandhelpthemrecover.”因此，“help”是正確答案。25.Thesuccessoftheseeffortscanbeattributedtothe**collaboration**betweenfarmersandscientists.解析：文章提到，“Thesuccesswasduetothecollaborationbetweenfarmersandscientists.”因此，“collaboration”是正確答案。26.TheGreatPlainsweretransformedintoamodelof**sustainable**agriculture,demonstratingtheimportanceofenvironmentalstewardship.解析：文章提到，“TheGreatPlainshavebecomeamodelofsustainableagriculture.”因此，“sustainable”是正確答案。27.TheDustBowlhighlightedtheneedfor**sustainable**landmanagementpracticestopreventsimilardisastersinthefuture.解析：文章提到，“TheDustBowlhighlightedtheneedforsustainablelandmanagementpractices.”因此，“sustainable”是正確答案。28.Humanactivities,suchas**deforestation**and**industrialization**,haveasignificantimpactontheenvironmentandcancontributetoclimatechange.解析：文章提到，“Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandindustrialization,aremajorcontributorstoclimatechange.”因此，這兩個詞是正確答案。29.TherecoveryoftheGreatPlainsaftertheDustBowlwaspartlyduetothe**regrowth**ofnaturalvegetation.解析：文章提到，“Therecoverywaspartlyduetotheregrowthofvegetation.”因此，“regrowth”是正確答案。30.TheexperienceoftheDustBowlservesasa**lesson**forsustainabledevelopmentandenvironmentalconservation.解析：文章提到，“Theexperienceservesasalessonforfuturesustainabledevelopment.”因此，“l(fā)esson”是正確答案。三、判斷題答案及解析31.B.False解析：文章第一段明確提到，“TheDustBowlwascausedbyacombinationofseveredroughtandpoorfarmingpractices.”因此，這是由多種因素造成的，不是單一事件，所以是錯誤的。32.B.False解析：文章提到，“Manypeoplewereforcedtoleavetheirhomesandmigratetootherstatesinsearchofbetteropportunities.”這說明不是所有農(nóng)民都受到影響，所以是錯誤的。33.B.False解析：文章提到，“SoilconservationtechniquesweregraduallyadoptedaftertheDustBowlhighlightedtheseverityoftheproblem.”這說明是在DustBowl之后才逐漸采用，所以是錯誤的。34.A.True解析：文章提到，“Thegovernmentimplementedvariousprogramstoaidaffectedfarmersandhelpthemrecover.”這說明政府提供了援助，所以是正確的。35.B.False解析：文章提到，“TheDustBowlledtoalong-termdeclineinagriculturalproductivityintheregion.”這說明對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力有長期影響，所以是錯誤的。36.B.False解析：文章提到，“TheenvironmentalchangesforcedmanyNativeAmericantribesofftheirlands,leadingtodisplacementandmarginalization.”這說明對部落有重大影響，所以是錯誤的。37.B.False解析：文章提到，“Theconstructionoftherailroaddisruptednativeecosystemsandledtothedeclineofwildlife.”這說明對環(huán)境有負(fù)面影響，所以是錯誤的。38.B.False解析：文章提到，“TheHomesteadActencouragedsettlementbutledtooveruseoftheland,resultinginsoildegradation.”這說明導(dǎo)致了資源過度開發(fā)，所以是錯誤的。39.A.True解析：文章提到，“Whilesciencecanprovidesolutions,policymakersoftenignorethisadvice.”這說明科學(xué)發(fā)揮了重要作用，所以是正確的。40.B.False解析：文章提到，“TheregionhasnotfullyrecoveredfromtheenvironmentaldamagecausedbytheDustBowl.”這說明還沒有完全恢復(fù)，所以是錯誤的。四、簡答題答案及解析4