2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解實戰(zhàn)演練模擬試卷匯編考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartCReadingComprehensiondirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreadspeculationaboutitsfutureimpactonthejobmarket.WhilesomeexpertspredictasurgeinunemploymentasAIsystemsautomatetaskstraditionallyperformedbyhumans,othersarguethatAIwillprimarilydisplacecertainjobfunctionsratherthanentirecareers.Acloserexaminationofhistoricaltechnologicalshiftssuggestsamorenuancedpicture.Forinstance,theIndustrialRevolutionledtothedisplacementofagrarianworkersbutsimultaneouslycreateddemandforfactorylaborersandengineers.Similarly,AIislikelytorenderobsoletespecificjobroles,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitiveorpredictablemanualandcognitivetasks.However,itisalsoanticipatedtogeneratenewjobcategoriesdemandingskillslikeAIdevelopment,dataanalysis,andhuman-AIinteractionoversight.TheneteffectonemploymentwilllikelydependonfactorssuchasthepaceofAIadoption,theavailabilityofretrainingprograms,andthewillingnessoftheworkforcetoadapttoevolvingjobrequirements.Ultimately,thechallengemaynotlieinfindingnewjobs,butinredefiningexistingskillsetsandfosteringalabormarketadaptabletointelligentautomation.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewayAImightimpactthejobmarket?3.TheauthormentionstheIndustrialRevolutionasanexampletoillustratewhatpoint?4.WhatfactoriscitedaspotentiallyinfluencingtheneteffectofAIonemployment?5.Basedonthepassage,whatskillsetmaybecomeincreasinglyimportantinthecontextofAI?Passage2Inrecentdecades,therehasbeenagrowingglobalawarenessoftheenvironmentalconsequencesofmodernagriculture.Conventionalfarmingpractices,reliantonintensiveinputssuchassyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,havesignificantlycontributedtosoildegradation,waterpollution,andbiodiversityloss.Consequently,thereisaburgeoninginterestinsustainableagriculturalalternatives.Organicfarming,whicheschewssyntheticchemicals,emphasizessoilhealthandecologicalbalance.Whileorganicmethodscanproduceloweryieldscomparedtoconventionaltechniques,theyofferenvironmentalbenefitsandareoftenpreferredbyconsumersconcernedaboutfoodsafetyandecologicalintegrity.Anotherpromisingapproachisagroecology,whichappliesecologicalprinciplestoagriculturalsystems,promotingbiodiversity,naturalpestcontrol,andresourceefficiency.Innovationssuchasverticalfarmingandprecisionagriculturealsoaimtoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintoffoodproductionbyoptimizingresourceuseandminimizingwaste.Asglobalpopulationsriseandclimatechangeintensifies,transitioningtowardsmoresustainableagriculturalmodelsbecomesincreasinglycriticalforensuringfoodsecurityandenvironmentalpreservation.Questions:6.Whatmajorissuedoesthepassageidentifyasaconsequenceofconventionalfarming?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageoforganicfarming?8.Thepassagementionsagroecologyasanalternativetoconventionalfarming.Whatprincipledoesagroecologyemphasize?9.Whatproblemishighlightedbythementionofinnovationslikeverticalfarmingandprecisionagriculture?10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisthesignificanceoftransitioningtosustainableagriculturalmodels?Passage3Theconceptof"digitalnomadism"hasgainedsignificanttractioninthe21stcentury,referringtoindividualswholeveragetechnologytoperformremoteworkwhiletravelingorlivinginvariouslocationsglobally.Fueledbyadvancementsincommunicationinfrastructure,cloudcomputing,andcollaborativeworktools,thislifestyleoffersunprecedentedflexibilityandthepotentialforgreaterwork-lifeintegration.Proponentshighlightbenefitssuchasreducedcommutingtime,exposuretodiversecultures,andtheabilitytooperateinenvironmentsthatenhancecreativityandwell-being.However,digitalnomadismisnotwithoutitschallenges.Issueslikeinconsistentinternetconnectivity,visarestrictions,taxationcomplexities,andthepotentialforsocialisolationcancomplicatethislifestyle.Furthermore,theblurringlinesbetweenworkandpersonallifecanleadtoburnoutifboundariesarenotcarefullymanaged.Thesustainabilityandappealofdigitalnomadismmayalsobeinfluencedbybroadereconomicconditionsandtheevolvingexpectationsofemployersregardingremoteworkarrangements.Asthegigeconomyandremoteworkcontinuetoexpand,digitalnomadismislikelytoremainaprominentfeatureofmodernworkcultureformany.Questions:11.Whatdoesthepassageprimarilydiscuss?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonetechnologicalfactorenablingdigitalnomadism?13.Whatchallengerelatedtowork-lifebalanceismentionedinthecontextofdigitalnomadism?14.Thepassagenotespotentialdrawbackstodigitalnomadism.Whichoftheseisconsideredanon-technicalchallenge?15.Whatfactormightinfluencethefutureprevalenceofthedigitalnomadlifestyle?Passage4Culturalheritageencompassesthetangibleandintangibleaspectsofasociety'shistoryandtraditions,includingmonuments,artifacts,languages,customs,andknowledgesystems.Preservingculturalheritageisvitalformaintainingasociety'sidentity,providingeducationalopportunities,andfosteringcross-culturalunderstanding.However,theprotectionofheritagesitesandtraditionsfacesnumerousthreatsinthemodernworld.Naturaldisasterssuchasearthquakesandfloodscancausesignificantdamage,whileurbandevelopmentandinfrastructureprojectsoftenleadtothedestructionofhistoricalsites.Climatechangeexacerbatesthesethreatsthroughrisingsealevels,increasederosion,andmoreextremeweatherevents.Additionally,issueslikelooting,illegaltraffickingofartifacts,andtheerosionofindigenousculturesduetoglobalizationposesignificantchallenges.Internationalcooperationandnationalpoliciesarecrucialforheritagepreservation.InitiativeslikeUNESCO'sWorldHeritageConventionaimtoprotectsitesofoutstandinguniversalvalue.Furthermore,communitiesoftenplayacriticalroleinsafeguardingintangibleheritagethroughculturaleducationandpractice.Theongoingdebateaboutbalancingdevelopmentwithpreservationhighlightsthecomplexchallengesinherentinmanagingculturalheritageforfuturegenerations.Questions:16.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonforpreservingculturalheritage?18.Thepassagementionsnaturaldisastersasathreat.Whatspecificenvironmentalissueisidentifiedasworseningthisthreat?19.Besidesphysicaldestruction,thepassagementionsanotherthreatrelatedtoculturalheritage.Whatisit?20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryforeffectiveculturalheritagepreservation?試卷答案PartCReadingComprehensionPassage11.D*解析思路：文章首段提出AI對就業(yè)市場的影響存在不同預(yù)測，隨后段落通過歷史類比和具體分析（AI取代部分工作、創(chuàng)造新工作），探討了影響就業(yè)的多種因素。最后一段總結(jié)指出挑戰(zhàn)在于適應(yīng)而非尋找新工作。綜合來看，文章旨在分析AI對就業(yè)市場影響的復(fù)雜性，而非僅僅預(yù)測結(jié)果或強調(diào)其重要性。選項D（分析AI對就業(yè)市場的復(fù)雜影響及其潛在結(jié)果）最能概括主旨。2.A*解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“AIislikelytorenderobsoletespecificjobroles,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitiveorpredictablemanualandcognitivetasks.”這明確指出AI可能會使特定的工作職能（尤其是涉及重復(fù)或可預(yù)測手動和認(rèn)知任務(wù)的角色）過時或被淘汰。選項A（使特定工作職能過時）符合此意。3.C*解析思路：文章在第三段提到“theIndustrialRevolutionledtothedisplacementofagrarianworkersbutsimultaneouslycreateddemandforfactorylaborersandengineers.”緊接著，第四段開頭用“Similarly,AIislikelyto...”引出對AI影響的討論。這里的“Similarly”表明作者將AI的影響與工業(yè)革命的影響進(jìn)行類比，目的是說明技術(shù)變革既有取代作用也有創(chuàng)造作用，其影響是復(fù)雜且多維度的，與工業(yè)革命時期類似。選項C（說明技術(shù)變革既會取代也會創(chuàng)造工作）點明了類比的目的。4.B*解析思路：根據(jù)第四段最后一句，“TheneteffectonemploymentwilllikelydependonfactorssuchasthepaceofAIadoption,theavailabilityofretrainingprograms,andthewillingnessoftheworkforcetoadapttoevolvingjobrequirements.”其中，“theavailabilityofretrainingprograms”（再培訓(xùn)計劃的可用性）被明確列出為影響就業(yè)凈效應(yīng)的因素。選項B（再培訓(xùn)計劃的可用性）符合原文。5.D*解析思路：根據(jù)第五段最后一句，“Ultimately,thechallengemaynotlieinfindingnewjobs,butinredefiningexistingskillsetsandfosteringalabormarketadaptabletointelligentautomation.”這句話指出，最終挑戰(zhàn)可能不在于找到新工作，而在于“redefiningexistingskillsets”（重新定義現(xiàn)有技能集）。這意味著適應(yīng)AI需要更新和調(diào)整已有的技能，選項D（適應(yīng)智能自動化所需的技能調(diào)整）最能概括此意。6.A*解析思路：根據(jù)第一段第二句，“Conventionalfarmingpractices,reliantonintensiveinputssuchassyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,havesignificantlycontributedtosoildegradation,waterpollution,andbiodiversityloss.”這句直接說明了依賴合成肥料和農(nóng)藥的常規(guī)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐導(dǎo)致了土壤退化、水污染和生物多樣性喪失。選項A（土壤退化、水污染和生物多樣性喪失）是原文明確提到的后果。7.B*解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第二句，“Whileorganicmethodscanproduceloweryieldscomparedtoconventionaltechniques,theyofferenvironmentalbenefitsandareoftenpreferredbyconsumersconcernedaboutfoodsafetyandecologicalintegrity.”這句對比了有機農(nóng)業(yè)和常規(guī)農(nóng)業(yè)，明確提到“organicmethodsofferenvironmentalbenefits”（有機方法提供環(huán)境效益）。選項B（提供環(huán)境效益）符合原文。8.C*解析思路：根據(jù)第四段，“agroecology,whichappliesecologicalprinciplestoagriculturalsystems,promotingbiodiversity,naturalpestcontrol,andresourceefficiency.”這句定義了農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)，指出它是“appliesecologicalprinciplestoagriculturalsystems”（將生態(tài)學(xué)原理應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)）。選項C（將生態(tài)學(xué)原理應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)）符合原文。9.D*解析思路：根據(jù)第五段，“Innovationssuchasverticalfarmingandprecisionagriculturealsoaimtoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintoffoodproductionbyoptimizingresourceuseandminimizingwaste.”這句解釋了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)和精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的目的，即“reducetheenvironmentalfootprintoffoodproduction”（減少食品生產(chǎn)的環(huán)境足跡）。選項D（旨在減少食品生產(chǎn)的環(huán)境足跡）符合原文意圖，指出了這些創(chuàng)新試圖解決的問題——環(huán)境足跡問題，即使它們本身是解決方案。10.A*解析思路：文章最后一段指出，“Asglobalpopulationsriseandclimatechangeintensifies,transitioningtowardsmoresustainableagriculturalmodelsbecomesincreasinglycriticalforensuringfoodsecurityandenvironmentalpreservation.”這句話強調(diào)了在人口增長和氣候變化加劇的背景下，向更可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)模式轉(zhuǎn)型對于“ensuringfoodsecurityandenvironmentalpreservation”（確保糧食安全和環(huán)境保護(hù)）來說變得越來越關(guān)鍵。選項A（對于確保糧食安全和環(huán)境保護(hù)至關(guān)重要）最能概括其意義。11.A*解析思路：文章首段定義了“digitalnomadism”（數(shù)字游民）概念，即利用技術(shù)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程工作并旅居各地的生活方式。隨后段落從工作靈活性、文化體驗、挑戰(zhàn)（如網(wǎng)絡(luò)、簽證、稅務(wù)、社交孤立）以及與遠(yuǎn)程工作發(fā)展趨勢的聯(lián)系等方面進(jìn)行了闡述。文章圍繞數(shù)字游民這一核心概念展開討論，分析其特點、利弊和未來趨勢。選項A（關(guān)于數(shù)字游民生活方式的討論）最能概括主旨。12.B*解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第一句，“Fueledbyadvancementsincommunicationinfrastructure,cloudcomputing,andcollaborativeworktools,thislifestyleoffersunprecedentedflexibility...”這句明確指出，“advancementsincommunicationinfrastructure”（通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的進(jìn)步）是支撐數(shù)字游民生活方式的因素之一。選項B（通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的進(jìn)步）符合原文。13.D*解析思路：根據(jù)第三段，“Furthermore,theblurringlinesbetweenworkandpersonallifecanleadtoburnoutifboundariesarenotcarefullymanaged.”這段討論了工作與生活界限模糊的問題，并明確指出如果管理不當(dāng)，可能導(dǎo)致“burnout”（倦?。?。選項D（可能導(dǎo)致倦怠）符合原文。14.C*解析思路：第三段提到的挑戰(zhàn)包括“inconsistentinternetconnectivity”（不穩(wěn)定的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接）、“visarestrictions”（簽證限制）、“taxationcomplexities”（稅務(wù)復(fù)雜性）和“socialisolation”（社交孤立）。其中，“visarestrictions”和“taxationcomplexities”屬于制度或行政層面的問題，而“inconsistentinternetconnectivity”是技術(shù)問題。“socialisolation”（社交孤立）是指缺乏社會交往，是心理或社會層面的問題，并非技術(shù)本身。選項C（社交孤立）是文中提到的非技術(shù)性挑戰(zhàn)。15.E*解析思路：文章最后一句提到，“Asthegigeconomyandremoteworkcontinuetoexpand,digitalnomadismislikelytoremainaprominentfeatureofmodernworkcultureformany.”這句話指出，隨著零工經(jīng)濟和遠(yuǎn)程工作的持續(xù)擴張，數(shù)字游民可能仍然是現(xiàn)代工作文化中的一個突出特征。這里“thegigeconom