2025年英語四級(jí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷閱讀理解技巧解析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthepassagebelow.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankbasedonthecontext.Youmayneedtochangetheformofaword.Therearemorewordsthanneeded.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Thehumanbrainisacomplexorganthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofthebody,processing,integrating,andcoordinatingtheinformationitreceivesfromthesenseorgans,andmakingdecisionsastotheinstructionssenttotherestofthebody.Thebrainiscontainedin,andprotectedby,theskullbonesofthehead.Theadulthumanbrainweighsabout3pounds(1.4kilograms)andismadeupofabout80percentwater.Thebrainhasthreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthebrainstem.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrain.Itisdividedintotwohemispheres,orhalves,calledtheleftandrightcerebralhemispheres.Thetwohemispheresareconnectedbyathickbandofnervefiberscalledthecorpuscallosum.Thecerebellumislocatedunderthecerebrum.Itsfunctionistohelpcoordinatevoluntarymovementsandtomaintainbalanceandequilibrium.Thebrainstemisconnectedtothespinalcord.Itcontrolsmanyofthebody'sbasicfunctionsthatareautomatic,suchasbreathing,heartrate,andbloodpressure.Thecerebrumisthethinkingpartofthebrain.Itcontrolsreasoning,emotions,memory,andlanguage.Eachhemisphereofthecerebrumisfurtherdividedintofourlobes:thefrontallobe,theparietallobe,thetemporallobe,andtheoccipitallobe.Eachlobeisresponsiblefordifferentfunctions.Forexample,thefrontallobeisinvolvedinplanning,decisionmaking,andproblemsolving.Theparietallobeprocessessensoryinformationsuchastouch,temperature,andpain.Thetemporallobeisinvolvedinmemoryandhearing.Theoccipitallobeisresponsibleforvision.Manybraindiseasescancauseseriousproblems.Forexample,Alzheimer'sdiseaseisabraindiseasethatdamagesmemoryandthinkingskills.Astrokeoccurswhenthebloodsupplytopartofthebrainiscutoff,damagingbraincells.Braintumorsareabnormalgrowthsofcellsinthebrain.Headinjuriescanalsocausebraindamage.Neuroscientistsarescientistswhostudythebrainandnervoussystem.Theyaretryingtolearnmoreabouthowthebrainworksandhowtotreatbraindiseases.Researchshowsthatmentalstimulationandphysicalactivitycanhelpkeepthebrainhealthyaspeopleage.PartIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Inthissection,youwillreadthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheconceptof"work-lifebalance"hasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears,asmorepeopleseektofindharmonybetweentheirprofessionalandpersonallives.However,achievingthisbalanceisnotalwaysstraightforward,andthedefinitionofwhatconstitutesasuccessfulbalancecanvarygreatlyfrompersontoperson.Formanyemployees,work-lifebalancemeanshavingsufficienttimeforfamilyandleisureactivities,freefromtheconstantdemandsofwork.Thismightinvolvesettingclearboundariesbetweenworktimeandpersonaltime,suchasnotcheckingworkemailsduringfamilydinnersorleavingtheofficeatareasonablehour.However,othersmayviewwork-lifebalancedifferently,focusingmoreonthequalityoftheirworkratherthanthequantityofleisuretimetheyhave.Fortheseindividuals,beingproductiveandsatisfiedintheircareersmightbejustasimportantashavingastrongpersonallife.Thechallengeofachievingwork-lifebalanceisoftencomplicatedbytheriseofremoteworkandtheblurringoflinesbetweenprofessionalandpersonalspaces.Whileworkingfromhomecanofferflexibility,itcanalsomakeitdifficulttodisconnectfromwork,asthehomeenvironmentisoftenbothaplaceofrestandaplaceofwork.Thiscanleadtolongerworkinghoursandincreasedstress,asemployeesmayfeelobligatedtobeconstantlyavailable.Employersalsoplayacrucialroleinpromotingwork-lifebalance.Companiescanimplementpoliciesthatsupportflexibleworkingarrangements,suchastelecommuting,flexiblehours,andcompressedworkweeks.Providingemployeeswithaccesstoresourceslikechildcareandeldercarecanalsohelpthemmanagetheirpersonalresponsibilitiesmoreeffectively.Ultimately,achievingwork-lifebalanceisacomplexissuethatrequiresacollaborativeeffortfrombothemployeesandemployers.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainreasonforthepopularityoftheconceptof"work-lifebalance"?2.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthedefinitionofwork-lifebalance?3.Whatisachallengementionedinthepassagethatmakesachievingwork-lifebalancemoredifficult?4.Whatroledoemployersplayinpromotingwork-lifebalanceaccordingtothepassage?5.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?PassageTwoTherapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhashadaprofoundimpactonhowpeoplecommunicate,bothpersonallyandprofessionally.Whiletechnologyhasmadeiteasierthanevertoconnectwithothers,ithasalsointroducednewchallengesandcomplexitiestothecommunicationprocess.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofmoderncommunicationtechnologyisitsabilitytobridgegeographicaldistances.Videocalls,socialmediaplatforms,andmessagingappsallowpeopletostayintouchwithfriends,family,andcolleaguesregardlessofwheretheyareintheworld.Thishasmadeitpossibletomaintainrelationshipsthatmightotherwisehavebeenlostduetodistanceandtimeconstraints.Inaddition,technologyhasfacilitatedcommunicationwithintheworkplace,enablingteamstocollaboratemoreeffectivelyandaccessinformationmorequickly.However,therelianceontechnologyforcommunicationalsohaspotentialdrawbacks.Thelackofface-to-faceinteractioncansometimesleadtomisunderstandingsandalossofthenuancesthatarepresentinin-personcommunication.Forexample,toneofvoice,facialexpressions,andbodylanguageareimportantelementsofcommunicationthatcanbeeasilymissedinwrittenorauditorymessages.Thiscanleadtomisinterpretationsandconflictsthatmighthavebeenavoidedotherwise.Anotherconcernisthepotentialfortechnologytocreate"communicationsilos."Aspeopleincreasinglycommunicatethroughtheirpreferredplatforms,theymaybecomelesslikelytoengagewithotherswhousedifferenttechnologiesorwhoarenotpartoftheirimmediatenetwork.Thiscanleadtoalackofdiversityinperspectivesandatendencytoonlyhearfromlike-mindedindividuals.Additionally,theconstantbarrageofinformationfromvarioussourcescanbeoverwhelming,makingitdifficulttofocusandengageinmeaningfulconversations.Questions:6.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussing?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebenefitsofmoderncommunicationtechnology?8.Whatisapotentialdrawbackofrelyingontechnologyforcommunicationmentionedinthepassage?9.Whatistheterm"communicationsilos"referringtointhepassage?10.Whatistheauthor'stonetowardstheuseoftechnologyincommunication?PassageThreeSustainabledevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalglobalissueinrecentdecades,asthenegativeimpactsofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmenthavebecomeincreasinglyevident.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisinvolvesbalancingeconomic,social,andenvironmentalconsiderationstoensurelong-termwell-being.Oneofthekeychallengesofsustainabledevelopmentisaddressingclimatechange.Risingglobaltemperatures,causedprimarilybytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,haveledtoarangeofenvironmentalproblems,includingmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,sea-levelrise,andoceanacidification.Tomitigatetheseeffects,itisessentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandtransitiontorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.Anotherimportantaspectofsustainabledevelopmentisconservationofnaturalresources.TheEarth'sresources,suchaswater,forests,andminerals,arefinite,andtheiroverexploitationcanhaveseriousconsequences.Sustainablepracticesinvolveusingresourcesefficiently,reducingwaste,andprotectingbiodiversity.Thiscanbeachievedthroughmeasuressuchasrecycling,sustainableagriculture,andreforestationefforts.Socialsustainabilityisalsoacrucialcomponentofsustainabledevelopment.Thisinvolvesensuringthateconomicprogressbenefitsallmembersofsociety,reducinginequality,andimprovingaccesstoeducation,healthcare,andotheressentialservices.Socialsustainabilityalsoincludespromotingculturaldiversityandsocialcohesion.Ultimately,achievingsustainabledevelopmentrequiresacollectiveeffortfromgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Byimplementingsustainablepracticesandmakingconsciouschoices,wecancreateabetterfutureforourselvesandfuturegenerations.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthekeychallengesofsustainabledevelopment?13.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheconservationofnaturalresources?14.Whatismeantby"socialsustainability"inthepassage?15.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?PartIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthepassagebelow.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestionbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallychangedthewaypeopleinteract,shareinformation,andconsumenews.Whilesocialmediaplatformsoffernumerousbenefits,suchastheabilitytoconnectwithothersandaccessawealthofinformation,theyalsoposesignificantchallengestothecredibilityandaccuracyofnews.Oneoftheprimaryreasonsforthischallengeistheeasewithwhichmisinformationcanspreadonsocialmedia.Thelowbarriertoentryandthespeedatwhichinformationcanbesharedmeanthatfalseormisleadingcontentcanquicklygoviral,oftenreachingmillionsofpeoplebeforeitisdebunked.Thisisparticularlyproblematicbecausemanyusersmaynothavetheexpertiseortimetoverifytheaccuracyoftheinformationtheyencounter.Thealgorithmicdesignofsocialmediaplatformsalsocontributestothespreadofmisinformation.Algorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftenbyprioritizingcontentthatisemotionallychargedorsensational.Thiscanleadtothepromotionoffakenewsstoriesorconspiracytheoriesthatgeneratealotofbuzz,eveniftheyarenotbasedonfacts.Asaresult,usersmayberepeatedlyexposedtofalseinformation,makingitdifficulttodistinguishbetweencredibleandunreliablesources.Anotherchallengeisthephenomenonofechochambersandfilterbubbles.Socialmediaalgorithmstendtoshowuserscontentthatalignswiththeirexistingbeliefsandpreferences.Thiscreatesechochamberswhereusersareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatreinforcestheirviews,makingthemlesslikelytoencounteralternativeperspectivesorchallengetheirassumptions.Overtime,thiscanleadtoincreasedpolarizationandalackofunderstandingbetweendifferentgroups.Toaddressthesechallenges,itisessentialforuserstodevelopmedialiteracyskills.Thisinvolvescriticallyevaluatingtheinformationtheyencounter,checkingsources,andbeingawareofthepotentialbiasesandmotivationsbehinddifferenttypesofcontent.Educationaboutmedialiteracyshouldstartatayoungageandbeintegratedintoschoolcurriculatoensurethatallcitizenshavethetoolstheyneedtonavigatethecomplexinformationenvironmentofthedigitalage.Questions:16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?17.Whyismisinformationconsideredasignificantchallengeonsocialmedia?18.Howdosocialmediaalgorithmscontributetothespreadofmisinformation?19.Whatisanechochamber,andhowdoesitaffectusers?20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasawaytoaddressthechallengesofmisinformationonsocialmedia?---試卷答案1.D2.C3.A4.B5.C6.B7.A8.C9.D10.B11.A12.D13.E14.F15.G16.B17.C18.A19.D20.E解析1.依據(jù)：文章第一段提到"Theconceptof'work-lifebalance'hasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears,asmorepeopleseektofindharmonybetweentheirprofessionalandpersonallives."這表明人們尋求工作與生活和諧是概念流行的原因。2.依據(jù)：文章第一段提到"However,achievingthisbalanceisnotalwaysstraightforward,andthedefinitionofwhatconstitutesasuccessfulbalancecanvarygreatlyfrompersontoperson."這說明成功的平衡定義因人而異。3.依據(jù)：文章第三段提到"Thechallengeofachievingwork-lifebalanceisoftencomplicatedbytheriseofremoteworkandtheblurringoflinesbetweenprofessionalandpersonalspaces."這指出了遠(yuǎn)程工作導(dǎo)致的挑戰(zhàn)。4.依據(jù)：文章第四段提到"Employersalsoplayacrucialroleinpromotingwork-lifebalance.Companiescanimplementpoliciesthatsupportflexibleworkingarrangements,suchastelecommuting,flexiblehours,andcompressedworkweeks."這說明了雇主的作用。5.依據(jù)：文章通過討論工作與生活平衡的概念、挑戰(zhàn)和雇主的作用，旨在全面介紹這一重要議題及其復(fù)雜性。6.依據(jù)：文章首段明確指出"Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhashadaprofoundimpactonhowpeoplecommunicate,bothpersonallyandprofessionally."這概括了文章主旨。7.依據(jù)：文章第二段提到"Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofmoderncommunicationtechnologyisitsabilitytobridgegeographicaldistances."這指出了一個(gè)主要好處。8.依據(jù)：文章第三段提到"Thelackofface-to-faceinteractioncansometimesleadtomisunderstandingsandalossofthenuancesthatarepresentinin-personcommunication."這指出了依賴技術(shù)交流的潛在缺點(diǎn)。9.依據(jù)：文章第四段提到"Aspeopleincreasinglycommunicatethroughtheirpreferredplatforms,theymaybecomelesslikelytoengagewithotherswhousedifferenttechnologiesorwhoarenotpartoftheirimmediatenetwork.Thiscanleadtoalackofdiversityinperspectivesandatendencytoonlyhearfromlike-mindedindividuals."解釋了“communicationsilos”是指與他人隔絕。10.依據(jù)：作者在文中客觀描述了技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，并指出了潛在問題，但并未表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)面或正面評(píng)價(jià)，語氣是中性的。11.依據(jù)：文章首段定義并介紹了可持續(xù)發(fā)展，隨后討論了氣候變化、自然資源保護(hù)和社會(huì)可持續(xù)性，最后總結(jié)其需要集體努力，核心是平衡經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境。12.依據(jù)：文章第二段明確指出"Oneofthekeychallengesofsustainabledevelopmentisaddressingclimatechange."這指出了氣候變化是主要挑戰(zhàn)之一。13.依據(jù)：文章第三段提到"Anotherimportantaspectofsustainabledevelopmentisconservationofnaturalresources.TheEarth'sresources,suchaswater,forests,andminerals,arefinite,andtheiroverexploitationcanhaveseriousconse