PAGE吉林省白城市洮南第一高級(jí)中學(xué)校2022屆高三上學(xué)期12月第四次月考英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀理解SmokejumpersEveryyear,wildfiresdestroymillionsofhectaresofforestland,leavingmanyhomesdamagedandalotofpeoplehomeless.Smokejumpersarehelpingtostopthis.Whatisasmokejumper?Smokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighter.Unlikeregularfirefighters,theyworkinadifferentway.Theyjumpfromplanesorareloweredbyhelicoptersintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot,likethemiddleofamountainforest.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Whatdosmokejumpersdo?Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreadingortoslowitsprogressuntilfull,ground-basedfirefightersarrive.Usingbasicequipmentsuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablemateriallikedrygrassanddeadtrees.Theycarrywaterwiththemtoo,butonlyalimitedamount.Whocanbeasmokejumper?Althoughthemajorityofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoiningnow.Themostimportantfactorsareyourheightandweight.SmokejumpersemployedintheUnitedStates,forexample,mustbebetween120and200pounds(54and91kilograms),sotheydon'tgetblownbystrongwinds,orgethurtwhentheyland.Smokejumpersmustalsobecapableofsurvivinginthewild.Theworkisdangerous,andthehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn'tjustanoccupation.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldsmokejumperBobSmithsays,"Thisisthebestjobfortoughguys."1．Whatisthefirstthingasmokejumperdoesafterarrivingatafiresite?A．Cleartheland. B．Studythearea.C．Lookforwater. D．Putoutthefire.2．Ifyouwanttobeasmokejumper,youmustbe______.A．withinacertainweightrange B．maleC．a(chǎn)bletoflyaplane D．olderthan28yearsofage3．Fromwhichwebsitewouldyoumostprobablyfindthistext?A．what-is-on.com. B．a(chǎn)ll-occupations.org.C．extremesports.com. D．a(chǎn)dventuretours.org.閱讀理解Doeshandwritingmatter?Notverymuch,accordingtomanyeducators.However,scientistssayitisfartoosoontodeclarehandwritingisnotimportant.Newevidencesuggeststhatthelinkbetweenhandwritingandeducationaldevelopmentisdeep.Childrennotonlylearntoreadmorequicklywhentheyfirstlearntowritebyhand,buttheyarealsobetterabletocreateideasandrememberinformation.Inotherwords,it'snotonlywhatwewritethatmatters—buthow.AstudyledbyKarinJames,apsychologistatIndianaUniversity,gavesupporttothatview.Agroupofchildren,whohadnotlearnedtoreadandwrite,wereofferedaletterorashapeonacardandaskedtocopyitinoneofthreeways:drawtheimageonapagebutwithadottedoutline（虛線）,drawitonapieceofblankwhitepaper,ortypeitonacomputer.Thentheresearchersputthechildreninabrainscannerandshowedthemtheimageagain.Itwasfoundthatwhenchildrenhaddrawnaletterfreehandwithoutadottedoutlineoracomputer,theactivityinthreeareasofthebrainwereincreased.Thesethreeareasworkactivelyinadultswhentheyreadandwrite.Bycontrast,childrenwhochosetheothertwowaysshowednosucheffect.Dr.Jamesattributesthedifferencestotheprocessoffreehandwriting:Notonlymustwefirstplanandtakeactioninawaybutwearealsolikelytoproducearesultthatisvariable.Thosearenotnecessarywhenwehaveanoutline.It'stimeforeducatorstochangetheirmindandpaymoreattentiontochildren'shandwriting.4．Whatdoscientistsmeanbysaying“itisfartoosoontodeclarehandwritingisnotimportant”?A．Handwritingisnotveryimportanttochildren.B．Handwritinghasnothingtodowitheducation.C．Handwritingshouldnotbeignoredatpresent.D．Handwritingcannotbelearnedinashorttime.5．Whatdoes“thatview”inPara.3referto?A．Childrenreadquicklywhentheywritebyhand.B．Howwewriteisasimportantaswhatwewrite.C．Childrencreateideasandrememberinformation.D．Agroupofstudentsshouldknowwhattowrite.6．WhichisNOTthechildren'staskintheexperiment?A．Copytheimageonapagebutwithadottedoutline.B．Drawtheimageonapieceofblankwhitepaper.C．Typetheimagedirectlyonacomputer.D．Putabrainscannerandshowtheimageagain.7．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorobviously_______givinguphandwriting.A．isfor B．isagainstC．isresponsiblefor D．doesn'tcareabout閱讀理解Haveyoueverbeenfacedwithtryingtostaypositivewhenothersaroundyouarenegative?Anegativepersoncanbringyoudownandthrowyourpositiveplansoutofthewindow.Whetheryoudealwithafamilymember,friendorco-workerwhoisnegative,therearethingsyoucandotoremainpositiveinthefaceofnegativity?Whateveryoudo,don'targuewithanegativeperson.Arguingonlyaddsfueltothefire.Ihavenoticedwhenmychildrenarecrabby,itisbesttoavoidtryingtoconvincethemtoanalyzeandadjusttheirattitude.AssoonasItaketheapproachofbeinginoppositiontothem,thesituationgetsworsebeforeitgetsbetter.Sometimesthebestthingtodoisremainsilentandletnegativitypass.Youknowhowdifficultitcanbetogiveloveandpositiveattentiontonegativepeople.Unfortunately,thatisoftenexactlywhattheyneed.Anegativepersonisusuallyafraidheisunlovable.Howdoyoushowlovewhensomeoneisnegative?Youmustlistentowhatheistryingtotellyou.Acknowledgethefeelingshehasbysayingsomethinglike,“Yousoundveryangryrightnow.”Howmightyouhelpanegativeperson?Offerahugevenifyougetrejected.Anegativepersonoftenhasdifficultyacceptinglovefromothers.Ifyouhavenegativepeopleonyourlifewhoareaffectingyourmentalandphysicalhealth,youneedtodecidewhetherornotyouwantthesepeopleinyourlife.Somepeoplearesonegativethatyouhavenootherchoicebuttoremovethemfromyourlife.However,somepeople,suchasyourchildren,aredifficulttoremovefromyourlife,inthiscase,professionalcounseling(咨詢)maybetheanswer.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crabby”inPara.2mean?A．Quiteexcited. B．Verylonely.C．Easilyannoyed. D．Highlyoptimistic.9．What'sthemainideaofPara.3?A．Negativepeopleneedcare.B．Negativepeoplemakeushappy.C．Negativepeoplecanbehurteasily.D．Negativepeoplearehardtogetalongwith.10．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoing?A．Focusingonpositivethings.B．Tryingtochangenegativethoughts.C．Controllingourownnegativethoughts.D．Stayingawayfromsomenegativepeople.11．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwemostprobablyreadthetext?A．Health. B．Relationships. C．Lifestyles. D．Entertainment.閱讀理解Losingweightcomeswithalotofhealthbenefits-includingmakingyourbrainsharper.Yes,itturnsoutthatoverweightmaydamagecognitivefunctionssuchasmemoryandattention.Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcognitiveperformance.Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity.Growingevidencesuggeststhatbeingfatislinkedtocognitivedeficits(缺陷).SoGunstadandhisteamguessedthatlosingweightmightimprovementalfunction.Fortheirstudy,theymeasuredmemoryandattentioninagroupof150overweightparticipants,someofwhomhadsomekindofoperationforweightlossandsomedidnot.Allofthevolunteerscompletedmentalskillsteststoassesstheirabilitiesofmemoryandattentionatthebeginningofthestudy,andagain12weekslater.Tobeginwith,about24%ofthepatientsshoweddamagedlearningand23%showedsignsofpoormemorywhentested.Attheendofthestudy,thosewhohadlostweightafteroperationimprovedtheirscoresintotheaverageoraboveaveragerangeforcognitivefunctions.Scoresforthevolunteerswhodidn'tloseweightdroppedevenfurther.ThestudyhelpedGunstadtofindoutwhetherlosingweighthadanyeffectonmentalfunction.Nowthathe'sseenthepositiveeffectthatweightlosscanhaveonmemoryandattention,hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway-eatinghealthierandgettingmoreactive.Heexpectsthatlosingweightinthiswaywillhaveasimilarlypositiveeffectonthebrain."Ifwecanimprovetheconditionwithoperations,thenwecanprobablyproducethesamechangewithbehavioralweightlossaswell,"hesays.12．Thereislessresearchonoverweightandcognitivefunctionsbecauseresearchers________.A．believeoverweightonlyaffectsourbodyB．havefocusedonwaystosharpenpeople'smindC．donotconsideroverweightamaincauseforlowcognitiveabilityD．a(chǎn)reclearabouttherelationbetweenweightandmentalfunctions13．TheresultofGunstad'sstudyshowsthat__________.A．losingweighthaslittleeffectonpeoplesmemoryB．losingweightcanimprovepeople'smentalfunctionsC．overweightpeoplearelikelytohavepsychologicalproblemsD．overweightpeople'sabilitiesofconcentrationdiffergreatly14．WhatisGunstadplanningtoprovenextinhisresearch?A．Slimpeoplearesmarterthanoverweightpeople.B．Healthydietisbetterthanexerciseinlosingweight.C．Traditionalwaysoflosingweightarebetterthanoperations.D．Overweightpeoplewillgetsmarterbytakingmoreexercise.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．BodyWeightandHealthB．LosingWeightbyOperationsC．WaystoImproveMentalFunctionsD．LosingWeighttoSharpenYourMind.二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下列材料，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)（選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)）。"Communicationisthemostimportantandsociableofallhumanbehaviors",whichisabsolutelytrueasforhumancommunity.Communicationisthemajorityofeveryone'ssociallife."Withoutcommunication,lifewouldbeascoldasarock."16．Becausethesecertainconversationscanmakepeopleattracted.Personally,weshouldconsiderthefollowingthreewaystomakegoodcommunication.Tostartgoodcommunication,wecanmakecertainenoughpreparations,especiallysomerelativequestions.17．Wecanasksomequestionstoshowourpoliteness,respectandsincerecare.Forexample,haveyoubeencarryingonwellrecently?Whatdoyoufavorinyoursparetime?Remembertothinkagainbeforeyouputforwardaquestion.Themostimportantpartofcommunicationistolisten.18．Permitotherstodomostofthetalking.Bepatientandholdinterestintheircomments,makingnecessarygesturestoshowyouarelistening.Donotinterruptotherswhentheyexpressexcitedly.Beingagoodconversationalistaswellasagoodlistenerwillhelpyoualot.19．Appropriateeyecontactislikeagreatelementofthemaindishwhichmakesitmoredelicious.Duringcommunicatingwithothers,weshouldlookthespeakersintheeyekindly.Itwillhelpustoimprovemutual(相互的)understanding.Donothesitatetolookintothem.Butyouhadbetternotstareatthemandnotlookatthemfortoolong.20．.A.Enjoygoodcommunication,beingfriendswiththem.B.Itisusuallysaidthateyesarewindowstothesoul.C.Itwouldmakeothersfeeluneasyandunwillingtocontinuetalking.D.Theybelievetheywannaknowandevenconvinceus.E.Weshouldconcentrateonothers'sayingandthinkintheirshoes.F.Itisconsideredtobefairlycomfortabletobeaskedfinequestions.G.Furthermore,goodcommunicationisaninterestingattractioninourdailylife.三、完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasalittlegirl,Ispentmemorableschoolvacationswithmygrandmother,MamaLennYaho.MyMamaLennYahowasafarmerwitha21．backthatmadeitseemlikeshewasalwaysleaningforwardtoexaminesomething.Earlyinthemorning,shesetouttothefarm.Iwouldskip22．a(chǎn)longtryingtokeepup.Onourway,alongthemuddyfootpathsthatwoundthroughthevillage,MamaLennYahowould23．everyoneaswepassed.Therewerethe24．greetings."Didyouwakeupinagoodmoodthismorning?Didyousleepwell?"Then,themorepersonalizedgreetings."Arethegrandchildreningoodhealth?Andwhatabouttheirparents?"Ifshepassedthe25．personuponourreturnlater,shewouldgreethimorheragain.ThepeoplethatMamaLennYahogreetedwould26．similarly."Iseeyouhaveyourgranddaughterwithyoutoday.Howisherfather?"Asa(n)27．girl,Ifoundthesegreetinghabitshumorouslymeaninglessand28．time-consuming.WhatInowrealizeisthatthegreetingsstrengthenedthe29．thatboundthepeopleinmygrandmother'svillage.Theypromotedasenseof30．.Ibelieveinthegiftofa31．greeting.Ibelieveitismorethanmeregood32．.Itislikepressingthe33．buttonamongthenoiseofourdailylives,aswe34．fromhometowork,fromonemeetingtoanother,to35．a(chǎn)nddropoffthechildren.Itisstoppingto36．thepersoninfrontofyouasifto37．say,"Iseeyou."MyMamaLennYaho38．methatthereisalwaystimetogreetsomeonebeforegettingdownto39．.Ibelieveyoucanalwaystakeafewextrasecondstoexchangegreetingswithaperson.Ibelieveweenrichoursocietywhenweacknowledgetheunique40．ofoneanother.21．A．bent B．rough C．flat D．slim22．A．a(chǎn)imlessly B．randomly C．carelessly D．breathlessly23．A．respect B．consult C．greet D．a(chǎn)ppreciate24．A．responsible B．usual C．beneficial D．meaningful25．A．same B．fortunate C．considerate D．gentle26．A．complain B．respond C．a(chǎn)nnounce D．explain27．A．patient B．immature C．talented D．unique28．A．unexpectedly B．unnaturally C．unconsciously D．unnecessarily29．A．protection B．management C．connections D．boundaries30．A．belonging B．direction C．a(chǎn)chievement D．responsibility31．A．professional B．deliberate C．temporary D．compulsory32．A．suggestions B．measures C．decisions D．manners33．A．play B．cancel C．start D．pause34．A．benefit B．rush C．change D．return35．A．pickup B．bringup C．takeup D．pullup36．A．shape B．recognize C．a(chǎn)dmire D．memorize37．A．firmly B．honestly C．purposely D．simply38．A．offered B．brought C．taught D．a(chǎn)warded39．A．business B．travel C．research D．study40．A．feature B．meaning C．status D．presence四、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。Asthesaying41．(go),"Aheroisknownin42．timeofmisfortune".Thereisadoctor43．savedmanypeople'slives.HeisZhongNanshan.Inearly2020,adisease44．(call)NovelcoronaviruspneumoniahitWuhan.Itspreadquickly.Manypeoplewereinfected45．thedisease.Allpeoplewerewith46．(anxious).Zhong'steamtookmanymeasurestocurethepeople.Hesuggestedthatpeople47．(wear)masks.Thereisnodoubt48．hissuggestionisnecessary.49．heis84,hestilltreats50．(patience)inthehospital.Heisourhero,五、短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除和修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1）每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改僅限一詞；2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Iamwritingtoapplytothepositionofthesecretarythatyouhaveadvertised.NosoonerhaveIgraduatedfromtheuniversitythanIworkedinAmerica.Ihavealltheexperiencewhichyouneed.IhavethegoodcommandofspeakingEnglish.ThemostimportantthingiswhatIlikeofficework.IamtruesureIcandoitwell.I'llappreciateifyoucantakemyapplicationintoconsidering.Iamlookforwardtoyourreply.六、書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）51．假定你是李華,是一位高中生。iPad已經(jīng)成為你們中學(xué)生的新寵。用iPad既可以聽音樂(lè),閱讀電子書,又可以玩電子游戲。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給某英語(yǔ)報(bào)社寫一封信,談?wù)勚袑W(xué)生使用iPad的情況。信的內(nèi)容包括以下要點(diǎn):1）積極因素;2）負(fù)面影響;3）看法建議。要求:1）詞數(shù)100左右;2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3）信的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。DearEditor,Iamaseniorhighschoolstudent,namedLiHua.……Yourssincerely,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了Smokejumpers（空降滅火消防員）的工作以及成為空降滅火消防員的條件?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Whatdosmokejumpersdo?部分中的”Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.“在著火地點(diǎn)，空降滅火消防員首先查看地形，然后決定怎樣滅火?？芍?，空降滅火消防員在到達(dá)著火地點(diǎn)后，首先要做的是分析研究地形。故選B。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Whocanbeasmokejumper?部分中的”Themostimportantfactorsareyourheightandweight.SmokejumpersemployedintheUnitedStates,forexample,mustbebetween120and200pounds(54and91kilograms),sotheydon'tgetblownbystrongwinds,orgethurtwhentheyland.“最重要的因素是你的身高和體重。在美國(guó)被雇傭的空降滅火消防員必須在120—200磅，即：54—91公斤，以便于你不被強(qiáng)風(fēng)刮走，或者著陸后受傷?？芍?，要成為空降滅火消防員，身高和體重必須達(dá)到一定的范圍。故選A。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Smokejumpersarehelpingtostopthis.”阻止火災(zāi)發(fā)生的是空降滅火消防員?？芍?，本文在講空降滅火消防員的職業(yè)，因此要在職業(yè)種類的網(wǎng)站上去瀏覽。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．C5．B6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了用手書寫對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是否重要的問(wèn)題。文中提出一些教育學(xué)家認(rèn)為書寫并不十分重要的觀點(diǎn)，但科學(xué)研究證明，比起用電腦和提供虛線的臨摹，用手書寫能促進(jìn)人的閱讀和寫作能力的提高，也有助于大腦進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性思考和存儲(chǔ)信息。作者提出教育者應(yīng)該重視孩子書寫練習(xí)的觀點(diǎn)?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Doeshandwritingmatter?Notverymuch,accordingtomanyeducators.However,scientistssayitisfartoosoontodeclarehandwritingisnotimportant.”可知許多教育學(xué)家認(rèn)為用手書寫并不十分重要，而科學(xué)家持不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為放棄用手書寫為時(shí)過(guò)早。所以“用手書寫在目前不應(yīng)該被忽視”，與其同義，故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inotherwords,it'snotonlywhatwewritethatmatters—buthow.”可知怎樣書寫和寫什么都很重要。即下文“thatview”指代的內(nèi)容，故選B。6．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theywerethenplacedinabrainscannerandshowntheimageagain.”可知受測(cè)學(xué)生被置于腦部掃描儀前，而不是學(xué)生使用腦部掃描儀，故選D。7．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“It'stimeforeducatorstochangetheirmindandpaymoreattentiontochildren'shandwriting.”可知教育學(xué)家應(yīng)該更加重視孩子的書寫訓(xùn)練，可知作者的觀點(diǎn)是反對(duì)放棄用手書寫，故選B?！敬鸢浮?．C9．A10．D11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者建議“遠(yuǎn)離一些消極的人?！碑?dāng)你周圍的人都很消極的時(shí)候，你有沒(méi)有試著保持積極?一個(gè)消極的人會(huì)把你打倒，把你的積極計(jì)劃扔出窗外。無(wú)論你面對(duì)的是消極的家人、朋友還是同事，你都可以做些事情來(lái)保持積極的心態(tài)?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和段落大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ihavenoticedwhenmychildrenarecrabby,itisbesttoavoidtryingtoconvincethemtoanalyzeandadjusttheirattitude.”我注意到，當(dāng)我的孩子脾氣暴躁時(shí)，最好不要試圖說(shuō)服他們?nèi)シ治龊驼{(diào)整自己的態(tài)度。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“很容易生氣”。故選C。9．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“Youknowhowdifficultitcanbetogiveloveandpositiveattentiontonegativepeople.Unfortunately,thatisoftenexactlywhattheyneed.”可知第三段講述的是“消極的人需要關(guān)心。”故選A。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Somepeoplearesonegativethatyouhavenootherchoicebuttoremovethemfromyourlife.”可知，作者建議“遠(yuǎn)離一些消極的人?！惫蔬xD。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Haveyoueverbeenfacedwithtryingtostaypositivewhenothersaroundyouarenegative?Anegativepersoncanbringyoudownandthrowyourpositiveplansoutofthewindow.”可知，我們最可能在雜志的“人際關(guān)系”欄目閱讀這篇文章。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．B14．D15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)減肥會(huì)讓你的大腦更敏銳?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcognitiveperformance."很少有關(guān)于超重和認(rèn)知功能的研究，可能是因?yàn)槿藗兤毡檎J(rèn)為這不是導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力差的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)原因?？芍?，很少有關(guān)于過(guò)度肥胖和認(rèn)知功能的研究是因?yàn)檠芯咳藛T不認(rèn)為過(guò)度肥胖是認(rèn)知水平低的一個(gè)主要原因。故選C。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity."因此，根據(jù)肯特州立大學(xué)心理學(xué)助理教授約翰·岡斯塔德領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究，減肥可能有助于改善這些心理功能。可知Gunstad的研究表明減肥能提高人們的大腦認(rèn)知能力。故選B。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway—eatinghealthierandgettingmoreactive."他說(shuō)他接下來(lái)將研究那些選擇通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)方式減肥的人——吃得更健康，變得更活躍?？芍狦unstad下一步在研究中想要證明的是過(guò)度肥胖的人可以通過(guò)多鍛煉變得更聰明。故選D。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"Losingweightcomeswithalotofhealthbenefits—includingmakingyourbrainsharper."減肥會(huì)帶來(lái)很多健康益處——包括讓你的大腦更敏銳?？芍?，這篇文章主要講述減肥可以使人變得更聰明，故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．G；17．F；18．E；19．B；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，交流是人類日常行為中不可缺少的部分。那么怎么才能順利交流呢?作者從三個(gè)方面介紹了交流的策略。即充分準(zhǔn)備,學(xué)會(huì)傾聽,重視目光交流。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前“Withoutcommunication,lifewouldbeascoldasarock."沒(méi)有溝通，生活會(huì)像石頭一樣冰冷，提到交流的意義；以及空后"Becausethesecertainconversationscanmakepeopleattracted.”某些對(duì)話可以使人備受吸引。G.Furthermore,goodcommunicationisaninterestingattractioninourdailylife.“此外,良好的溝通在我們的日常生活中是一種有趣的吸引力。"在此處銜接恰當(dāng)，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。17．根據(jù)空前"Wecanmakecertainadequatepreparations,especiallysomerelativequestions.”我們可以做一些充分的準(zhǔn)備,特別是一些相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。提到準(zhǔn)備好相關(guān)的問(wèn)題有利于良好的交流；以及空后"Wecanasksomequestionstoshowourpoliteness,respectandsincerecare.“我們可以問(wèn)一些表示我們的禮貌,尊重和關(guān)心的問(wèn)題。F.Itisconsideredtobefairlycomfortabletobeaskedfinequestions."人們認(rèn)為被問(wèn)好的問(wèn)題是相當(dāng)舒服的"。承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。18．根據(jù)空前"Themostimportantpartofcommunicationistolisten.”溝通最重要的部分是傾聽。要我們學(xué)會(huì)傾聽,設(shè)空處后面提到要給別人訴說(shuō)的機(jī)會(huì)。因此設(shè)空處要表達(dá)我們的具體做法:認(rèn)真傾聽,換位思考。E.Weshouldconcentrateonothers'sayingandthinkintheirshoes."我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注別人所說(shuō),并且站在他們的角度思考。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。19．通讀該段內(nèi)容可知,該段強(qiáng)調(diào)目光交流在對(duì)話中的作用。B.Itisusuallysaidthateyesarewindowstothesoul."眼睛是心靈的窗戶",符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。20．根據(jù)空前“Donothesitatetolookintothem.Butyouhadbetternotstareatthemandnotlookatthemfortoolong.”不要猶豫，看看他們。但你最好不要盯著它們看，也不要盯著它們看太久。提到不當(dāng)對(duì)視的不必要。But有導(dǎo)向作用,設(shè)空處前面提到不要進(jìn)行不當(dāng)對(duì)視,設(shè)空處當(dāng)然要講不當(dāng)對(duì)視的影響。C.Itwouldmakeothersfeeluneasyandunwillingtocontinuetalking."會(huì)使他人感到不自在和不開心去繼續(xù)進(jìn)行談話。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！敬鸢浮?1．A；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．B；27．B；28．D；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．D；33．D；34．B；35．A；36．B；37．D；38．C；39．A；40．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文呢，祖母一起度過(guò)了假期給作者留下了深刻的印象。無(wú)論如何，祖母遇到別人，都會(huì)熱情地打招呼，看似平常的招呼卻給人帶來(lái)了溫暖?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：我的MamaLennYaho是一位農(nóng)民，背部彎曲，這使得她看起來(lái)總是向前傾身檢查某事。A：bent“彎曲”；B：rough“粗糙的”；C：flat“平的”；D：slim“苗條的”。根據(jù)空后“itseemlikeshewasalwaysleaningforwardtoexaminesomething”她看起來(lái)總是向前傾身檢查某事可知，祖母的背是駝的。故選A。22．句意：我會(huì)一路上氣喘吁吁地跳，努力跟上。A：aimlessly“無(wú)目的地”；B：randomly“任意地，"隨意地”；C：carelessly“粗心地”；D：breathlessly“氣喘吁吁地”。根據(jù)空后“tryingtokeepup可知，作者跟不上祖母的步伐，因此會(huì)氣喘吁吁追趕，故選D。23．句意：在我們的路上，沿著穿過(guò)村莊的泥濘小路，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，MamaLennYaho會(huì)向每個(gè)人打招呼。A：respect“尊敬”；B：consult“咨詢，請(qǐng)教”；C：greet“問(wèn)候”；D：appreciate“感激，欣賞”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處祖母總是問(wèn)候她見到的人。故選C。24．句意：有慣常的問(wèn)候。A：responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”；B：usual"慣常的，通常的"；C：beneficial“有益的”；D：meaningful“有意義的”根據(jù)下文列舉的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)可知，此處指的是慣常的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)。故選B。25．句意：如果她稍后在我們回來(lái)時(shí)經(jīng)過(guò)同一個(gè)人，她會(huì)再次問(wèn)候他或她。A：same“同樣的”；B：fortunate“幸運(yùn)的”；C：considerate“體諒的，考慮周到的”；D：gentle“輕輕的”。根據(jù)空后again可知此處表示遇到同一個(gè)人，故選A。26．句意：MamaLennYaho打招呼的人也會(huì)有同樣的反應(yīng)。A：complain“抱怨”；B：respond“回應(yīng)”；C：announce“宣布”；D：explain“解釋”。根據(jù)空后的similarly及下文可知，此處指的是人們也會(huì)用同樣的方式作出回應(yīng)，故選B。27．句意：作為一個(gè)不成熟的女孩，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些打招呼的習(xí)慣幽默地毫無(wú)意義，而且不必要地耗費(fèi)時(shí)間。A：patient“有耐心的”；B：immature“不成熟的”；C：talented“有天賦的”；D：unique“獨(dú)特的，唯一的”。根據(jù)上文“whenIwasalittkegirl”可知作者是不成熟的。故選B。28．句意：作為一個(gè)不成熟的女孩，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些打招呼的習(xí)慣都是滑稽的廢話，而且不必要地耗費(fèi)時(shí)間。A：unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；B：unnaturally“不自然地”；C：unconsciously“無(wú)意識(shí)地”；D：unnecessarily“沒(méi)有必要地”。根據(jù)下文“whatInowrealizeisthatthegreetingsstrengthened…”可知，此處指的是小時(shí)候作者認(rèn)為這些問(wèn)候都是滑稽的廢話，同時(shí)又是在沒(méi)有必要地浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。故選D。29．句意：我現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到，這些問(wèn)候加強(qiáng)了我祖母村子里人們的聯(lián)系。A：protection“保護(hù)”；B：management“管理”；C：connections“聯(lián)系”；D：boundaries“邊界”。根據(jù)空后“boundthepeople”把人們聯(lián)結(jié)起來(lái)，故選C。30．句意：他們提升了歸屬感。A：belonging“屬于，所屬物”；B：direction“方向”；C：achievement“成就”；D：responsibility“責(zé)任”?？v觀全文可知，此處這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)候使得人們又歸屬感。asenseofbelonging，固定短語(yǔ)，“歸屬感”，故選A。31．句意：我相信刻意問(wèn)候的禮物。A：professional“職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的”；B：deliberate"故意的，有意的"；C：temporary“暫時(shí)的”；D：compulsory“義務(wù)的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知祖母問(wèn)候不是隨意而為，而是有意為之，故選B。32．句意：我相信這不僅僅是良好的舉止。A：suggestions“建議”；B：measures“措施”；C：decisions“決定”；D：manners"禮貌，禮節(jié)"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處作者相信那些問(wèn)候不單單是出于禮貌。故選D。33．句意：這就像在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹男鷩讨邪聪聲和ｆI，從家里趕去上班，從一個(gè)會(huì)議趕到另一個(gè)會(huì)議，去接送孩子。A：play“玩”；B：cancel“取消”；C：start“啟動(dòng)”；D：pause“暫?！薄８鶕?jù)下文stopping可知，指問(wèn)候就像是在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏涑獾脑胍糁g按下了暫停鍵。故選D。34．句意：這就像在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹男鷩讨邪聪聲和ｆI，從家里趕去上班，從一個(gè)會(huì)議趕到另一個(gè)會(huì)議，去接送孩子。A：benefit“使受益”；B：rush"沖，匆忙"；C：change“改變”；D：return“返回，歸還”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指在我們從家里匆忙趕往工作場(chǎng)所的時(shí)候。故選B。35．句意：這就像在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹男鷩讨邪聪聲和ｆI，從家里趕去上班，從一個(gè)會(huì)議趕到另一個(gè)會(huì)議，去接送孩子。A：pickup“（開車）接某人”；B：bringup“撫養(yǎng)”；C：takeup“占據(jù)”；D：pullup“使停下”。根據(jù)空后“dropoffthechildren”讓孩子們下車，可知，此處指去接送孩子。故選A。36．句意：停下來(lái)認(rèn)出你面前的人，好像只是說(shuō)：“我看到你了?！盇：shape“使成形，塑造”；B：recognize“認(rèn)出”；C：admire“羨慕，欽佩”；D：memorize“記憶”。此處意思為停下車去辨認(rèn)你前面的人，好像簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)一句"我看到你了"。故選B。37．句意：停下來(lái)認(rèn)出你面前的人，好像只是說(shuō)：“我看到你了?！盇：firmly“堅(jiān)定地”；B：honestly“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”；C：purposely“有目的地”；D：simply"簡(jiǎn)單地，僅僅"。此處意思為停下車去辨認(rèn)你前面的人，好像簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)一句"我看到你了"。故選D。38．句意：我的MamaLennYaho告訴我，在開始做正事之前總有時(shí)間打招呼。A：offered“提供”；B：brought“帶來(lái)”；C：taught“教”；D：awarded“授予”。祖母教育作者，在干正事之前總會(huì)有時(shí)間去問(wèn)候別人。故選C。39．句意：我的MamaLennYaho告訴我，在開始做生意之前總有時(shí)間打招呼。A：business“生意，事務(wù)”；B：travel“旅游”；C：research“調(diào)查”；D：study“學(xué)習(xí)”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知祖母教育作者，在干正事之前總會(huì)有時(shí)間去問(wèn)候別人。故選A。40．句意：我相信，當(dāng)我們承認(rèn)彼此的獨(dú)特存在時(shí)，我們就會(huì)豐富我們的社會(huì)。A：feature“特點(diǎn)，特征”；B：meaning“意義”；C：status“身份”；D：presence“存在”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指的是我們承認(rèn)彼此的獨(dú)特的存在時(shí)，作者相信我們能夠使我們的社會(huì)更加充實(shí)、豐富。故選D?！敬鸢浮?1．goes；42．the；43．who；44．called；45．with；46．a(chǎn)nxiety；47．(should)wear；48．that；49．Although/Though/While；50．patients【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物類閱讀，介紹了英雄人物鐘南山，包括鐘南山及其團(tuán)隊(duì)在2020年的新冠肺炎期間所做出的努力和貢獻(xiàn)?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，主謂一致，定語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，介詞，名詞，虛擬語(yǔ)氣，同位語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句以及固定搭配等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。41．句意：俗話說(shuō)“時(shí)勢(shì)造英雄?！按颂幨侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是thesaying，屬于單數(shù)，故填goes。42．句意：俗話說(shuō)“時(shí)勢(shì)造英雄?！癷nthetimeof，固定短語(yǔ)，”在……期間，在……的時(shí)候“，故填the。43．句意：有一位醫(yī)生挽救了許多人的生命。他就是鐘南山。savedmanypeople'slives是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是adoctor，指人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who/that，故填who/that。44．句意：2020年初，一種名為新型冠狀病毒肺炎的疾病襲擊了武漢。adisease與call在邏輯上構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，此處作定語(yǔ)，故填called。45．句意：許多人感染了這種疾病。beinfectedwith，固定短語(yǔ)，”感染……“，故填with。46．句意：所有人都帶著焦慮。此處名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，anxiety”焦慮“，不可數(shù)名詞，故填anxiety。47．句意：他建議人們戴口罩。suggest作”建議“講時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即”（should）動(dòng)詞原形“，故填(should)wear。48．句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他的建議是必