節(jié)日、假期與慶祝在小學(xué)階段的閱讀理解中，節(jié)日、假期與慶祝是其中一個?？荚掝}，通常是以短文形式講述節(jié)日、假期的時間、地點、慶祝方式、會做的事情等，然后對短文中的某些細(xì)節(jié)描述進(jìn)行考查。涉及到的相關(guān)題型主要是：閱讀選擇、閱讀判斷、閱讀回答問題。第一篇（基礎(chǔ)篇）讀短文，判斷句子對(T)錯(F)。TodayisMother'sDay.Anditismybirthdaytoo.Ilikecakes.Ihaveacakeforbreakfast.Mymotherlikesflowers.Here'saflowerformymum.Itisred.Ilovemymum.Mymumlovesmetoo.1.TodayisMother'sDay.（）2.Ihavesomenoodlesforbreakfast.（）3.Mymotherdoesn'tlikeflowers.（）4.Theflowerisred.（）5.Ilovemymum.（）【答案】1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T【解析】本文主要講了母親節(jié)及“我“的生日?！?題詳解】句意：今天是母親節(jié)。根據(jù)“TodayisMother'sDay.“可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！?題詳解】句意：我吃一些面條作為早餐。根據(jù)“Ihaveacakeforbreakfast.“可知吃的蛋糕作為早餐，題干與原文不符。故答案為F?！?題詳解】句意：我媽媽不喜歡花。根據(jù)“Mymotherlikesflowers.”可知媽媽喜歡花，題干與原文不符。故答案為F?！?題詳解】句意：花是紅的。根據(jù)“Here'saflowerformymum.Itisred.”可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！?題詳解】句意：我愛我媽媽。根據(jù)“Ilovemymum.”可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！鹃喿x策略】本篇內(nèi)容考察學(xué)生對短文細(xì)節(jié)的理解?？梢砸龑?dǎo)學(xué)生先進(jìn)行略讀文本了解文章大意——本文講述的是母親節(jié)和“我”的生日是同一天。然后再進(jìn)行詳細(xì)閱讀抓住文章的細(xì)節(jié)，與具體的問題進(jìn)行比對。例如：第1題考察的是具體時間，關(guān)鍵詞是Mother’sDay，可以直接去含有Mothers’Day的句中尋找答案；第2題考查的是早餐的飲食，去講述早餐部分找答案；第3題考查母親的喜好，去介紹母親的部分找答案，第4題考察的是花的顏色，去講花的部分找答案；第5題考查的是我對媽媽的情感，去結(jié)尾表達(dá)情感的部分找答案。學(xué)生可以根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和快速尋找具體信息得方式，提高做題效率和正確性。第二篇（基礎(chǔ)篇）閱讀短文，選擇正確的答案。TodayisJim’sbirthday.Hismotherwantstobuyagiftforhim,sotheygoshoppingtoday.Hebuysflowers,cakesandcandles.Jimwantstohaveabirthdaypartywithhisfriends.Inhistenyearsoldbirthday,hehopestohelphismotherdosomethingandbuyacard.Howhappytheyare!6.Todayis____________birthday.()A.Jim’s B.Jim’smother’s C.hisfriends’7.Dotheygoshopping?()A.No. B.Yes. C.Sorry.8.HowoldisJim?()A.Twenty. B.Ten. C.Thirty.9.Whatdoeshebuy?()A.Cakes. B.Balloon. C.Books.10.How____________theyare!()A.bad B.busy C.happy【答案】6.A7.B8.B9.A10.C【解析】【6題詳解】句意：今天是_____生日。根據(jù)TodayisJim’sbirthday.可知今天是Jim’s的生日，故選A?！?題詳解】句意：他們是去購物嗎？根據(jù)Hismotherwantstobuyagiftforhim,sotheygoshoppingtoday.可知他們?nèi)ベ徫锪耍源鹫Z用Yes回答，故選B。【8題詳解】句意：Jim多大了？根據(jù)Inhistenyearsoldbirthday…可知他十歲了，故選B?！?題詳解】句意：他買了什么？根據(jù)Hebuysflowers,cakesandcandles.可知他買了花，蛋糕和蠟燭。故選A。【10題詳解】句意：他們多么____!根據(jù)Howhappytheyare!可知他們多開心??！故選C?！鹃喿x策略】本文主要講了吉姆生日去購物等系列事情。做此類閱讀首先大體閱讀一下短文，找到時間，做的事情，人物心情如何。然后去分析題目，在文章中找答案。對于選擇題，要和文中信息對應(yīng)。一般疑問句的問答需要格外關(guān)注，注意區(qū)分有迷惑性選項。有些含義相似的單詞要能夠準(zhǔn)確進(jìn)行辨析。第三篇（提高篇）讀對話，選擇正確答案。Jenny:Hi,Helen.TomorrowisSaturday.Doyouhaveanyplansfortheweekend?Helen:Oh,thisSundayismymother’sbirthday.Iwanttobuyapresentforhertomorrow.Jenny:Really?I’mgoingshoppingtomorrowtoo.Let’sgotogether!Helen:That’sgood!Whichshopdoyouwanttogo?TheRainbowShoportheHappyShop?Jenny:HowabouttheRainbowShop?Ilikeshoppinginbigshops.Helen:OK.AndIcanbuybooksintheRainbowShop.Jenny:DoestheRainbowShopsellbooks?Onwhichfloor?Helen:Onthesecondfloor.Icanbuyabirthdaycardformymum.Jenny:Iwanttobuyapinkdress.It’sonthethirdfloor.Helen:Pinkdress?Oh,Iknow,pinkisyourfavouritecolour.Jenny:That’sright.Sofirstwe’llgotothesecondfloor.Thenwe’llgotothethirdfloor.Helen:Finally,we’llgotothefifthfloor.Jenny:Whyisthefifthfloor?Helen:Becausewecanbuyicecreamthere.11.ThisSundayis________birthday.()A.Helen’s B.Helen’smother’s C.Jenny’smother’s12.They’llgoto________.()A.theRainbowShop B.theHappyShop C.theSunnyShop13.Jennylikesdoingshoppingin________.()A.shops B.smallshops C.bigshops14.Thebooksareonthe________.()A.secondfloor B.thirdfloor C.fifthfloor15.Finally,they’llgotothe________.()A.thirdfloor B.fourthfloor C.fifthfloor【答案】11.B12.A13.C14.A15.C【解析】【11題詳解】句意：這個星期天是_______的生日。從文中句子“Helen:Oh,thisSundayismymother’sbirthday.”得知海倫媽媽的生日，故選B。【12題詳解】句意：他們會去_______。從文中句子“HowabouttheRainbowShop?”得知彩虹商店，故選A?！?3題詳解】句意：珍妮喜歡去購物。從文中句子“Ilikeshoppinginbigshops.”得知我喜歡在大商店購物。故選C?！?4題詳解】句意：這些書在圖書館里。從文中句子“Onthesecondfloor.”得知在二樓，故選A?！?5題詳解】句意：最后，他們會去_______。從文中句子“Finally,we’llgotothefifthfloor.”得知去五樓，故選C。閱讀策略】本文主要講了周日安排。短文篇幅較長，但是單詞不是很難，閱讀起來難度適中，做題時注意看清題意，明確不同人物所做的事情和時間。做題之前可先大概看一下題目，再去閱讀文章，可以先圈出每個人所做的事情，然后根據(jù)題干的重要信息（如：birthday，shopping，floor，finally）去短文中找答案。第四篇（提高篇）閱讀短文，判斷正(T)誤(F)。YesterdaywasSeptember10.ItwasTeachers'day.Weboughtsomeflowersandpresentsforourteachers.Wethankedthemfortheirhardwork.Ourteacherswereveryhappy.Intheafternoon,wehadapartyinourschoolhall.Manystudentsandteachersgavewonderfulperformances（表演）attheparty.Ourteachersanganddancedhappilywithus.Alltheteachersandstudentshadagoodtime.16.YesterdaywasNationalDay.（）17.Weboughtsomeflowersandpresentsforourteachers.（）18.Ourteacherswerenothappy.（）19.Wehadapartyintheafternoon.（）20.Weallhadagoodtime.（）【答案】16.F17.T18.F19.T20.T【解析】本文主要講了學(xué)校教師節(jié)的活動?！?6題詳解】題干句意：昨天是國慶節(jié)。根據(jù)“YesterdaywasSeptember10.ItwasTeachers'day.”可知昨天是教師節(jié)，題干與原文不符。故答案為F。【17題詳解】題干句意：我們給老師買了一些花和禮物，根據(jù)“Weboughtsomeflowersandpresentsforourteachers.”可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！?8題詳解】題干句意：我們的老師不高興。根據(jù)“Ourteacherswereveryhappy.”可知老師們是高興的，題干與原文不符。故答案為F?！?9題詳解】題干句意：我們下午有一個聚會。根據(jù)“Intheafternoon,wehadapartyinourschoolhall.”可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！?0題詳解】題干句意：我們都玩得很開心。根據(jù)“Alltheteachersandstudentshadagoodtime.”可知題干與原文相符。故答案為T?！鹃喿x策略】先大體閱讀文章，可知文章的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)是說教師節(jié)，我們?yōu)槔蠋熥龅檬虑椋蠋焻⑴c的事情以及老師得心情，最后總結(jié)我們的心情。知道了整篇文章的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)之后，帶著問題去短文相應(yīng)的部分去找答案，更快更準(zhǔn)確。第五篇（拔高篇）閱讀短文，回答問題。ThemostimportantholidayinChinaisSpringFestival.ItisalsocalledChineseNewYear.ItusuallyesinJanuaryorFebruary.TheSpringFestivalbeginsonthefirstofthelunar（陰歷的）NewYear.Itendsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Peopleliketogetreadyforthefestivalsomedaysbeforeit.Theycleantheirhousesandbuynewclothes.OnChineseNewYear’sEve,familygettogethertoeatabigdinner.TheywatchspecialTVprogrammes.Childrencangettheredpackets.Atnight,theyletoffthefireworks.Theyareveryhappy.21.WhatdopeoplecallSpringFestival?_______________________________________________22.WhenisSpringFestivalaccordingtoChineselunarcalendar?_______________________________________________23.HowlongisSpringFestival?_______________________________________________24.WhatdopeopledobeforeSpringFestival?_______________________________________________25.WhatdochildrengetatSpringFestival?_______________________________________________【答案】21.ChineseNewYear.22.OnthefirstdayofJanuary.23.15days.24.Theycleantheirroomsandbuynewclothes.25.Redpackets.【解析】【21題詳解】題干句意為人們叫春節(jié)什么？根據(jù)短文Itisalsoca