《歐洲文化入門》復(fù)習(xí)題（一）DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCulture填空Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmaterialistsandspeculatedabouttheatomicstructureofmatter.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,fourschoolsofphilosophersoftenarguedwitheachother,theyaretheCynics,theSceptics,theEpicureans,andtheStoics.Euclidiswell-knownforhisElements,atextbookofgeometry.Toillustratetheprincipleofthelevel,Archimedesissaidtohavetoldtheking:“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.”Greekarchitecturecanbegroupedintothreestyles:theDoricstylewhichisalsocalledthemasculinestyle;theIonicstylewhichisalsocalledthefemininestyle;andalaterstylethatiscalledtheCorinthianstyle.TheAcropolisatAthensandtheParthenonarethefinestmonumentofGreekarchitectureandsculptureinmorethan2000years.Inthe20thcentury,thereareHomericparallelsintheIrishmanJamesJoyce’smodernistmasterpieceUlysses.選擇Whichculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.?GreekCultureRomanCultureEgyptianCultureChineseCultureIn___________theRomanconqueredGreece.1200B.C.700B.C.146B.C.The5thcenturyWhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainstthecityofTroy?OedipustheKingIliadOdysseyAntigoneWhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbyAeschylus?AntigoneAgamemnonPersiansPrometheusBoundWhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbySophocles?ElectraAntigoneTrojanWomanOedipustheKingWhichofthefollowingistheplaywrittenbyEuripides?AntigonePersiansElectraMedeaWhichofthefollowingisNOTthegreatesttragicdramatistofancientGreece?AristophanesEuripidesSophoclesAeschylusWhoeversaidthat“Youcannotsteptwiceintothesameriver”?PythagorasHeracleitusAristotleWhowasthefounderofscientificmathematics?HeracleitusAristotleSocratesPythagorasWhoischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings”?ProtagorasPythagorasPyrrhonEpicurus名詞解釋AeschylusPlatoTheCynics簡答與問答WhatarethemajorelementsinEuropeanculture?WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientGreeksociety?WhoweretheoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece?Whatimportantplaysdideachofthemwrite?TellsomeofPlato’sideas.Whydopeoplecallhimanidealist?GivesomeexamplestoshowtheenormousinfluenceofGreekcultureonEnglishliterature.RomanCulture填空TheburningofCorinthin146B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece,whichwasthenreducedtoaprovinceoftheRomanEmpire.TheRomanwriterHoracesaid:“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”.In27B.C.OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetitleofAugustus.TheRomansenjoyedalongperiodofpeacelastingtwohundredyears,aremarkablephenomenoninhistoryknownasthePaxRomana.Inthe4thcentury,theemperorConstantinemovedthecapitalfromRometoByzantium,renameditConstantinople(modernIstanbul).In476thelastemperorofthewestwasdeposedbytheCothsandmarkedtheendoftheWestRomanEmpire.TheEastRomanEmpirecollapsedwhenConstantinoplefelltotheTurksin1453.JuliusCaesarrecordedwhathedidandsawinthevariousmilitarycampaignshetookpartinandthesewritings,collectedinhisCommentaries,aremodelsofsuccinctLatin.VirgilwasthegreatestofLatinpoetsandwrotethegreatepic,theAeneid.ThePantheonisthegreatestandthebestpreservedRomantemple,whichwasbuiltin27B.C.Andreconstructedinthe2thcenturyA.D..She-wolfisthestatuewhichillustratesthelegendofcreationofRoman.選擇Whowrote,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered”?HoraceJuliusCaesarVirgilMarcusTulliusCiceroTheauthorofthephilosophicalpoemOntheNatureofthingsis___________.VirgilJuliusCaesarHoraceLucretiusWhichofthefollowingisnotRomanarchitecture?TheColosseumThePanthenonTheParthenonPontduGardWhowrote,“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”?SapphoPlatoVirgilHorace名詞解釋JuliusCaesarThePaxRomana簡答與問答WhatdidtheRomanshaveincommonwiththeGreeks?Andwhatwasthechiefdifferencebetweenthem?WhatisthebookforwhichVirgilhasbeenfamousthroughoutthecenturies?InwhatwayisthebooklinkedwiththeGreekpast?WhydowesayAeneasisatrulytragichero?DivisionTwo:TheBibleandChristianityTheOldTestamentⅠ填空題Amongallthereligionsbywhichpeopleseektoworship,ChristianityisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest.BothJudaismandChristianityoriginatedinPalestinethehubofmigrationandtraderoutes,whichledtoexchangeofideasoverwideareas.Some3800yearsagotheancestorsoftheJews–theHebrews–wanderedthroughthedesertsoftheMiddleEast.About1300B.C.,theHebrewscametosettleinPalestine,knownasCanaanatthattime,andformedsmallkingdoms.ThekingoftheHebrewswashandeddownorallyfromonegenerationtoanotherintheformoffolktalesandstories,whichwererecordedlaterintheOldTestament.TheBibleisacollectionofreligiouswritingscomprisingtwoparts:theOldTestamentandtheNewTestament.TheoldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharefirstfivebooks,calledPentateuch.WhentheHebrewsleftthedesertandenteredthemountainousSinai,MosesclimbedtothetopofthemountaintoreceivefromGodmessage,whichcametobeknownastheTenCommandments.ChronologicallyAmosistheearliestprophetintheOldTestament.InBabyloninthe6thcenturyB.C.,theHebrews,nowknownasJews,formedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion.II選擇題WhichofthefollowingisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest?_______A.BuddismB.IslamismC.ChristianityD.JudaismTheOldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharethefirstfivebooks,called__________.A.ExodusB.CommandmentsC.AmosD.PentaeuchWhichofthefollowingisNOTthecontentoftheTenCommandments?_______HonouryourfatherandyourmotherDonotcommitsuicideDonotdesireyourneighbour’swifeDonottakethenameofGodinvainWheninBabylontheHebrewsformedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion?______A.in169B.C.B.inthe4thcenturyC.in76B.C.D.inthe6thcenturyⅢ名詞解釋theBiblethePentateuchTenCommandmentsⅣ簡答與問答WhatwastheHebrewsmajorcontributiontoworldcivilization?WhydowesayJudaismandChristianityarecloselyrelated?WhataretheTenCommandmentsabout?RiseofChristianityⅠ填空題Attheageof30,JesusreceivedthebaptismatthehandsofJohnBaptist.JesusspentmostofhislifeinGalilee,whereheapparentlymadeasensation.JesusofNazarethlivedinPalestineduringthereignofthefirstRomanEmperorAugustus.JesuswentwithhisdisciplestoJerusalemforthePassover,butwasbetrayedbyJuda.In313theEdictofMilanwasissuedbyConstantineIandgrantedreligiousfreedomtoallandmadeChristianitylegal.In392A.D,EmperorTheodosiusmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionsoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions.AfterJesusdied,St.PeterandSt.PaulledthedisciplesofJesustospreadgospelintheMediterraneanregions.Ⅱ選擇題Afterthe_______centuryNestorianismreachedChina.A.sixthB.fifthC.secondD.thirdWhichofthefollowingemperorsmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions?__________A.TheodosiusB.AugustusC.ConstantineID.NeroCaesarWhichofthefollowingemperorsissuedtheEdictofMilanandmadeChristianitylegalin313?__________A.AugustusB.ThedosiusC.NeroD.ConstantineIAttheageof30,JesusChristreceivedthebaptismatthehandsof_________.A.St.PeterB.St.PaulC.JohnBaptistD.JohnWycliffⅢ名詞解釋1.TheEdictofMilanⅣ簡答與問答1.HowdidtherelationsbetweenChristiansandtheRomangovernmentchange?TheNewTestamentⅠ填空題By300A.D.eachlocalchurchwascalledaparishandhadafulltimeleaderknownaspriest.TowardstheendofhefourthcenturyfouraccountswereacceptedaspartoftheNewTestament,whichtellsthebeginningofChristianity.WhenasJesus’motherMarywasespousedtoJoseph,beforetheycametogether,shewasfoundwithchildoftheHolyGhostJesuswentwithhisdisciplestoJerusalemforthePassover,butwasbetrayedbyJudaandcaughtattheLastSupper.TranslationsoftheBibleⅠ填空題ExceptafewpassagesintherelatedArmaicdialecttheOldTestamentwasoriginallywritteninHebrew.AndtheNewTestamentwasoriginallywritteninapopularformofGreek.TheoldestextantGreektranslationoftheOldTestamentisknownastheSeptuagint,asaccordingthefictionalletterofAristeas,itwastranslatedby72translatorsin72days.ThemostancientextantLatinversionofthewholeBibleistheVulgateedition,whichwasdonein384–405A.D.bySt.Jeromeincommonpeople’slanguage.ThefirstEnglishversionofwholeBiblewastranslatedfromtheLatinVulgatein1382andwascopiedoutbyhandbytheearlygroupofreformersledbyJohnWycliff.ThemostimportantandinfluentialofEnglishBibleisthe“Authorized”orKingJames’version,firstpublishedin1611.Ⅱ選擇題By1693,thewholeoftheBiblehadbeentranslatedin_________languages.A.228B.974C.1202D.154TheoldestextantGreektranslationoftheOldTestamentisknownas________.A.theLatinVulgateB.theAristeasC.the“Authorized”D.theSeptuagintWhenprintingwasinventedinthe1500’s,the_______Biblewasthefirstcompleteworkprinted.A.EnglishB.LatinC.AramaicD.HebrewWhendidthestandardAmericaneditionoftheRevisedVersionappear?_______A.1885B.1611C.1901DivisionThree:TheMiddleAgesManorandChurchⅠ填空題InEuropeanhistory,thethousandyearperiodfollowingthefalloftheWestRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyiscalledtheMiddleAges.Betweenthefifthandeleventhcenturies,WestEuropewasthesceneoffrequentwarsandinvasions.TheMiddleAgeisaperiodinwhichclassical,HebrewandGothicheritagemerged.FeudalisminEuropewasmainlyasystemoflandholding–asystemofholdinglandinexchangeformilitaryservice.In732CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulergavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice.Thecenterofmedievallifeunderfeudalismwasthemanor.Bythe12thcenturymanorhousescametobecalledcastle,whichweremadeofstoneanddesignedasfortress.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtoprotecttheweak,tofightforthechurch,tobeloyaltohislordandtorespectwomenofnoblebirth.Theseruleswereknownascodeofchivalry,fromwhichthewesternideaofgoodmannersdeveloped.Inthemedievaldaysaknightwastrainedforwarbyfightingeachotherinmockbatterscalledtournaments.After1054,theChurchwasdividedintotheRomanCatholicChurchandtheEasternOrthodoxChurch.ThemostimportantofalltheleadersofChristianthoughtwasAugustineofHippowholivedinNorthAfricainthefifthcentury.Underfeudalism,peopleofwesternEuropeweremainlydividedintothreeclasses:clergy,lordsandpeasants.ThePopenotonlyruledRomanandpartsofItalyasaking,hewasalsotheheadofallChristianchurchesinwesternEurope.IntheMedievaltimestheChurchsetupachurchcourt–theInquisitiontostampoutso-calledheresy.OneofthemostimportantsacramentswasHolyCommunion,whichwastoremindpeoplethatChristhaddiedtoredeemman.Toexpresstheirreligiousfeelings,manypeopleintheMiddleAgeswentonjourneystosacredplaceswhereearlyChristianleadershadlived.ThemostimportantofallwasJerusalem.WithareturnattackagainsttheMoslems,theWesternChristianslaunchedaseriesofholywarscalledtheCrusades.Ⅱ選擇題Inthelaterpartofthe4thcentury,whichofthefollowingtribessweptintoEuropefromcentralAsia,robbingandkillingalargenumbersofthehalfcivilizedGermanictribes?________A.theMongoliansB.theHunsC.theTurkishD.theSyriansTheMiddleAgesisalsocalledthe_________.A.“AgeofChristianity”B.“AgeofLiterature”C.“AgeofHolySpirit”D.“AgeofFaith”Accordingtothecodeofchivalry,whichofthefollowingisnotpledgedtodoforaknight?_______A.TobeloyaltohislordB.TofightforthechurchC.ToobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbotD.TorespectwomenofnoblebirthIn732,whogavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice?_________A.CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulerB.CharlesI,aTurkishrulerC.ConstantineI,aFrankishrulerD.St.Benedict,aItalianrulerWhenwastheChurchdividedintotheRomanCatholicChurchandEasternOrthodoxChurch?_________A.after1066B.after1296C.after1054WhichofthefollowingabouttheknightornobleintheMiddleAgesinWesternEuropeisNOTtrue?____________AlmostallnobleswereknightsintheMedievaldays.Anoblebeganhiseducationasapageattheageofseven.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtofightforthechurch.Ataboutfourteen,thepagebecameaknight.WhenwasanoblecrownedasaknightintheMiddleAgesinWesternEurope?_______Attheageof14.Whenhewastaughttosayhisprayers,learnedgoodmannersandranerrandsfortheladies.Ataspecialceremonyknownasdubbing.Whenhewaspledgedtofightforthechurch.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutwhatthemonksmustdobeforeenteringthemonasteryaccordingtotheBenedictineRule?Theyhadtoattendservice6timesduringthedayandonceatmidnight.Theycouldpromisetogiveupalltheirpossessionbeforeenteringthemonastery.Theywereexpectedtowork5hoursadayinthefieldssurroundingthemonastery.Theyhadtoobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbot.Underfeudalism,whatwerethethreeclassesofpeopleofwesternEurope?________A.clergy,knightsandserfsB.Pope,bishopandpeasantsC.clergy,lordsandpeasantsD.knights,noblesandserfsBywhichyeartheMoslemshadtakenoverthelastChristianstrongholdandwonthecrusadesandruledalltheterritoryinPalestinethatthecrusadershadfoughttocontrol?________A.1270B.1254C.1096D.1291Ⅲ名詞解釋theMiddleAgesManorCodeofChivalryBenedictineRuletheCrusadesⅣ簡答與問答WhowasCharlesMartel?Whatwasthedifferencebetweenaserfandafreeman?Intowhatthreegroupswerepeopledividedunderfeudalism?WhathappenedinWesternEuropeafterthedeclineoftheRomanEmpire?LearningandScience,Literature,ArtandArchitectureⅠ填空題Charlemagne,whotemporarilyrestoredorderinwesternandcentralEurope,wasperhapsthemostimportantfigureofthemedievalperiod.Charlemagnewascrowed“EmperoroftheRomans”bythePopein800.TheSummaTheologicabySt.ThomasAquinasformsanenormoussystemandsumsupalltheknowledgeofmedievaltheology.RogerBaconwasoneoftheearliestadvocatesofScientificresearchandcalledforcarefulobservationandexperimentation.“Nationalepic”referstotheepicwritteninvernacularlanguages–thatis,thelanguagesofvariousnationalstatesthatcameintobeingintheMiddleAges.BeowulfisanAnglo-Sexonepic,inalliterativeverse,originatingfromthecollectiveeffortsoforalliterature.DanteAlighieriwasthegreatestpoetofItaly,hismasterpiece,TheDivineComedy,isoneofthelandmarksofworldliterature.ChaucerwasagreatEnglishpoet,TheCanterburyTaleswerehismostpopularworkfortheirpowerofobservation,piercingirony,senseofhumorandwarmhumanity.ChaucerwritersindialectusedbyLondoners,andbythesheerweightandpopularityofhiswritingshesetsitfirmlyonthewaytowardsModernEnglish.ThestyleofarchitectureunderRomanesqueartischaracterizedbymassiveness,solidityandmonumentalitywithalloverallblockyappearance.TheGothicstylestartedinFranceandquicklyspreadthroughallpartsofwesternEurope.Ⅱ選擇題Whichofthefollowingwascrowned“EmperoroftheRomans”bythePopein800?______A.St.ThomasAquinasB.CharlemagneC.ConstantineD.KingJamesWhowastheruleroftheAnglo-SaxonkingdomofWessexandcontributedgreatlytothemedievalEuropeanculture?_________A.CharlesIB.ConstantineIC.AlfredtheGreatD.CharlestheGreatDoesSongofRolandbelongtowhichcountry’sepic?_________A.EnglishB.GermanicC.HebrewD.FrenchWhoistheauthoroftheOpusMaius?________A.RogerBaconB.DanteAlighieriC.ChaucerD.St.ThomasAquinasⅢ名詞解釋CarolingianRenaissanceBeowulfSongofRolandTheCanterburytalesRomanesqueGothicⅣ簡答與問答1.WhatwasthemeritwhichCharlemagneandAlfredtheGreatshare?DivisionIV:RenaissanceandReformationRenaissanceinItalyⅠ填空題Generallyspeaking,Renaissancereferstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid17thcentury.HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.Inessence,RenaissancewasahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropeanhumanistthinkersandscholarsmadeattemptstogetridofconservatisminfeudalistEuropeandintroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsofbourgeoisie,tolifttherestrictionsinallareasplacedbytheRomanChurchauthorities.RenaissancestartedinFlorenceandVenicewiththefloweringofpaintings,sculptureandarchitecture.Beginningfromthe11thcentury,citiesbegantoriseincentralandnorthItaly.Decameronisacollectionof100talestoldby7youngladiesand3youngergentlemenontheirwaytoescapetheBlackDeathof1348.PetrachwasbestknownforCanzoniers,abookoflyricalsongswritteninhisItaliandialect.TheRenaissanceartistsintroducedintheirworksscientifictheoriesofanatomyandperspective.ThefourrepresentativeartistsofHighRenaissanceinItalyareLeonardodaVinci,michelangelo,RaphaelandTitian.LoenardodaVinci’smajorworks:LastSupperisthemostfamousofreligiouspictures;MonaLisaprobablyistheworld’smostfamousportrait.Michelangelocreatedastyleofartinwhichhefreedhimselffromtheoldtraditionofdecorationontheonehandanddocumentaryrealismontheother.Titian’spaintingisacknowledgedtohaveestablishedoilcolouroncanvasasthetypicalmediumofthepictorialtraditioninwesternart.Inworldtrade,ItalyhadlostitssupremacybecauseofthediscoveryofAmericain1492andtheroundingoftheCapeofGoodHopein1488,theopeningofanall-waterroutetoIndiawhichprovidedacheapermeansoftransport.Petrachislookedupasthefatherofmodernpoetry.ItalyisregardedasthebirthplaceoftheRenaissance.Ⅱ選擇題WheredidtheRenaissancestartwiththefloweringofpaintings,sculptureandarchitecture?_______A.inGreeceandRomeB.inFlorenceandVeniceC.inMilanandFlorenceD.inItalyandGermanyWhendidtheRenaissancereachitsheightwithitscentermovingtoMilan,thentoRome,andcreatedHighRenaissance?___________A.inthe11thcenturyB.inthe15thcenturyC.inthe16thcenturyD.inthe17thcenturyWhichofthefollowingworksiswrittenbyBoccaccio?_______A.DecameronB.CanzoniersC.DavidD.MosesWhoistheauthorofthepainting,BetrayalofJudas?________A.GiottoB.BrunelleschiC.DonatelloD.GiorgioneWhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistsisthefatherofthemodernmodeofpainting?_______A.RaphaelB.TitianC.daVinciD.MichelangeloWhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistswasbestknownforhisMadona(VirginMary)?A.TitianB.daVinciC.MichelangeloD.RaphaelWhichofthefollowingpaintingswasbasedonthestoryintheBiblewithMariaridingonadonkeyreadytofacethehardshipahead?________A.TempestaB.SacredandProfaneLoveC.FlightintoEgyptD.TheReturnoftheHuntersⅢ名詞解釋RenaissanceDecameronⅣ簡答與問答WhatmadeItalythebirthplaceoftheRenaissance?Whatarethemainelementsofhumanism?HowaretheseelementsreflectedinartandliteratureduringtheItalianRenaissance?HowdidItalianRenaissanceartandarchitecturebreakawayfrommedievaltradition?InwhatwaywasLeonardodaVinciimportantduringtheRenaissance?ReformationandCounter-ReformationⅠ填空題TheReformationledbyMartinLutherwhichsweptoverthewholeofEuropewasaimedatopposingtheabsoluteauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandreplacingitwiththeabsoluteauthorityoftheBible.MartinLutherwastheGermanleaderoftheProtestantReformation.HisdoctrinemarkedthefirstbreakintheunityoftheCatholicChurch.WhenthePoperefusedtorecognizedHenry’smarriagewithAnneBoleyn,BritishParliament,in1534,passedtheActofSupremacywhichmarkedtheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththePapalauthorities.IgnatiusandhisfollowerscalledthemselvestheJesuits,membersoftheSocietyofJesus.JohnCalvinputhistheologicalthoughtsinhisInstitutesoftheChristianReligion,whichwasconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialtheologicalworksofalltimes.Ⅱ選擇題1.WhotookupthetranslationoftheBibleintoEnglishforthefirsttime?________A.JanHusB.JohnWycliffC.MartinLutherD.JohnCalvin2.WhoistheauthorInstitutesoftheChristianReligion?A.JohnWycliffB.JanHusC.JohnCalvinD.Erasmus3.InwhosereigndidtheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththepapalauthoritiestakeplace?____A.ElizabethIB.WilliamIC.EdwardIIID.HenryVIII4.AftertheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththepapalauthorities,whowastheheadofthechurch?_______A.KingB.PopeC.BishopD.QueenⅢ名詞解釋CalvinismtheCouncilofTrentCounter-ReformationⅣ簡答與問答WhatarethedoctrinesofMartinLuther?WhatwasthesignificanceoftheReformationinEuropeancivilization?RenaissanceinotherCountriesⅠ填空題TheProtestantgroupinFrancewasknownastheHuguenotswhoserivalrywiththeCatholicChurchledtothewarsofreligionfrom1562to1598.In1492theMoorsthathadruledSpainforfourcenturiesweredrivenoutfromtheirlaststronghold.In1492ColumbusdiscoveredAmericanandclaimedAmericaforSpain.TheauthorofDonQuixoteisCervantes.AlbrechtDürerwastheleaderoftheRenaissanceinGermany.Hisengravingsareunsurpassedandhispaintingsofanimalsandplantsareexceedinglysensitive.UnderthereignofElizabethI,Englandbegantoembarkontheroadtocolonizationandforeigncontrolthatwastotakeitontoitsheydayofcapitalistdevelopment.ThomasMorewasagreathumanistduringtheRenaissance.AmonghiswritingsthebestknownisUtopia.CervantescrownedliteratureofSpainandShakespeareofEnglandduringtheRenaissance.Ⅱ選擇題WhichofthefollowingworkswaswrittenbyRabelais,inwhichhepraisesthegreatnessofman,expresseshisloveofloveandhisreverenceandsympathyforhumanistlearning?_______A.GargantuaandPantagruelB.DonQuixoteC.ThePraiseofFollyD.UtopiaWhosemottoputdowninhisessays“WhatdoKnow”isworldfamous?________A.CervantesB.RabelaisC.MontaigneD.ShakespeareWhichofthefollowingworksisworthreadingforMontaigne’shumanistideasandastylewhichiseasyandfamiliar?________A.SonnetsB.DecameronC.RabelaisD.OfRepentanceWhichofthefollowingisNOTFrenchwriterpoet?_______A.CervantesB.PierredeRonsardC.RabelaisD.MontaigneIn1516whopublishedthefirstGreekeditionoftheNewTestament?_________A.BruegelB.ErasmusC.ElGrecoD.Rabelais“Tobe,ornottobe,--thatisthequestion”fromwhoseworks?_______A.ChaucerB.DanteC.RogerBaconD.ShakespeareⅢ簡答與問答WhydidEnglandcomelaterthanothercountriesduringtheRenaissance?InwhatwaywasEnglishRenaissancedifferentfromthatofothercoun