第06講一般過去時（解析版）【暑假自學(xué)課】2025年新八年級人教版（2024）英語一般過去時語法解析1.核心結(jié)構(gòu)與用法句型結(jié)構(gòu)公式例句標(biāo)志詞肯定句主語+動詞過去式Sheplayedthepianoyesterday.Theywerelateforschool.yesterday（昨天）lastweek/month（上周/月）ago（以前）in2023（在2023年）justnow（剛才）否定句主語+didn’t+動詞原形Hedidn’twatchTVlastnight.Weweren’tathomeyesterday.一般疑問句Did+主語+動詞原形？Were/Was+主語+表語？Didyougotothepark?Wasshehappyyesterday?特殊疑問句疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？疑問詞+were/was+主語？Whatdidtheydolastweekend?Wherewasheborn?2.規(guī)則動詞過去式變化規(guī)則結(jié)尾字母變化規(guī)則例詞易錯錯誤一般情況加-edplay→playedwork→worked不可漏加-ed（如look→look錯誤）以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾加-ddance→dancedlive→lived去e加-d（如hope→hoped）輔音+y結(jié)尾變y為i加-edstudy→studiedcarry→carried元音+y直接加-ed（如enjoy→enjoyed）重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫輔音字母加-edstop→stoppedshop→shopped非重讀閉音節(jié)不雙寫（如visit→visited）不規(guī)則動詞特殊變化go→wenteat→atebe→was/were不可按規(guī)則變化（如think→thinked錯誤）【典例分析】考點(diǎn)1：一般過去時結(jié)構(gòu)辨析（基礎(chǔ)）1.—______you______tothemuseumyesterday?—Yes,Idid.A.Do;goB.Did;goC.Did;wentD.Do;went2.She______not______herhomeworklastnight.A.did;doB.did;didC.does;doD.does;did3.—Where______he______from?—HewasfromChina.A.is;comeB.does;comeC.did;comeD.was;come考點(diǎn)2：動詞過去式變化規(guī)則（進(jìn)階）1.They______totheparkand______apicniclastSunday.A.go;haveB.went;hadC.go;hadD.went;have2.Theboy______hishomeworkcarefullyyesterday.A.studyB.studiesC.studiedD.studyed3.We______atthehotellastnightbecauseitrainedheavily.A.stopedB.stoppedC.stopD.stopping學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)核心語法點(diǎn)速記1.結(jié)構(gòu)公式：肯定句：主語+動詞過去式（規(guī)則動詞加-ed/不規(guī)則動詞特殊形式）。否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形（無論主語人稱，動詞均用原形）。疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形？（be動詞過去式was/were直接提前）。2.動詞過去式規(guī)則：規(guī)則動詞：一般加-ed，e結(jié)尾加-d，輔音+y變i+ed，重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫加-ed。不規(guī)則動詞：需單獨(dú)記憶（如do→did，see→saw，am/is→was，are→were）。標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,lastweek,...ago,in2022等表示過去的時間短語。易錯點(diǎn)警示be動詞誤用：注意主語與be動詞過去式的搭配（I/He/She/It→was，We/You/They→were）。不規(guī)則動詞混淆：避免將不規(guī)則動詞按規(guī)則變化（如?drink→drinked??drink→drank）。助動詞多余：否定句和疑問句中已有did，動詞需用原形（如?Hedidn’twent??Hedidn’tgo）。過關(guān)檢測（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.—______wasyourweekend?—Itwasgreat!A.WhatB.HowC.WhereD.When2.They______tothezoobybusyesterday.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going3.—Didyou______anyphotosinthepark?—Yes,Idid.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.taking4.She______herroomjustnow.A.cleanB.cleansC.cleanedD.cleaning5.We______notathomelastnight.Wewereatthecinema.A.areB.wereC.isD.was6.He______alettertohisfriendlastmonth.A.writeB.writesC.wroteD.writing7.—______she______toschoolbybikeyesterday?—No,shetookthebus.A.Does;goB.Did;goC.Did;goesD.Do;go8.They______awonderfultimeatthepartylastnight.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.having9.—Where______youborn?—IwasborninShanghai.A.areB.wereC.isD.was10.He______hisbikeandhurthislegyesterday.A.fallB.fallsC.fellD.falling（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Heplayedbasketballyesterday.（改為否定句）→He____________basketballyesterday.2.Theywerelateforthemeeting.（改為一般疑問句）→____________lateforthemeeting?3.Shevisitedhergrandparentslastweek.（對劃線部分提問）→____________she______lastweek?4.Iwasbornin2010.（改為否定句）→I____________bornin2010.5.Didtheygotothebeach?（作肯定回答）→Yes,____________.6.Hedidhishomeworkathome.（改為一般疑問句）→______he______hishomeworkathome?7.Theweatherwassunnyyesterday.（對劃線部分提問）→____________theweatheryesterday?8.Theyboughtsomebookslastweekend.（改為否定句）→They____________anybookslastweekend.9.Wasshehappyattheparty?（作否定回答）→No,____________.10.Hewenttobedat10:00p.m.（對劃線部分提問）→__________________he______tobed?（三）改錯題1.Tomdidn’twenttoschoolyesterday.（改：______）2.Sheeatedanappleforbreakfast.（改：______）3.Wereyouseethemovielastnight?（改：______）4.Westopedatasmalltownontheway.（改：______）5.Hewasn’tdohishomeworkyesterday.（改：______）（四）完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。LastSaturday,I____1____upearlyandwenttotheparkwithmyfriends.Theweather____2____sunnyandwarm.We____3____gamesandflewkitesthere.Atnoon,we____4____apicnicnearthelake.We____5____sandwiches,fruit,andjuice.Intheafternoon,we____6____tothemuseum.Wesawmanyinterestingthingsthere.Itwasagreatday!1.A.getB.getsC.gotD.getting2.A.isB.wasC.areD.were3.A.playB.playsC.playedD.playing4.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.having5.A.eatB.eatsC.ateD.eating6.A.goB.goesC.goneD.went（五）閱讀理解Passage1閱讀短文，選擇最佳答案：Hello,I’mLily.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Igotupearlyandfoundabiggiftboxonmydesk.Itwasfrommyparents.Insidetheboxwasanewbike!Afterbreakfast,myfriendscametomyhouse.Wesangsongs,playedgames,andateadeliciouscake.Intheafternoon,werodebikesinthepark.Ihadawonderfulbirthday!1.WhenwasLily’sbirthday?A.Today.B.Lastweek.C.Yesterday.D.Tomorrow.2.WhatdidLilyfindonherdesk?A.Abook.B.Abike.C.Agiftbox.D.Acake.3.Whatdidtheydointheafternoon?A.Sangsongs.B.Playedgames.C.Atecake.D.Rodebikes.Passage2閱讀短文，回答問題：Hi,I’mMike.LastSunday,myfamilywenttothebeach.Myparentssatonthesandandwatchedusplay.MysisterandIswamintheseaandbuiltsandcastles.Wealsotookmanyphotos.Whenwegothome,weweretiredbuth