2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練：詞匯與句型應(yīng)用考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Directions:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmoderncommunication,creatingbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.Whileinstantconnectivityacrosstheglobehasfacilitatedrapidinformationexchangeandfosteredglobalcommunities,ithasalsoledtoconcernsaboutprivacyerosion,thespreadofmisinformation,andthepotentialforsocialisolation.Navigatingthiscomplexterrainrequiresacriticalunderstandingofhowthesetechnologiesinfluenceourcognitiveprocesses,socialinteractions,andcollectivebehavior.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofdigitaltechnologyonhumancognitionisthecultivationofwhatsomeresearchersterm"attentionfragmentation."Theconstantstreamofnotifications,updates,andmessagesfromvariousdevicestrainsourbrainstoseekimmediategratificationandshiftsourattentionalfocusfromsustained,deepengagementtorapid,shallowprocessing.Thisphenomenonisoftenlinkedtothearchitectureofsocialmediaplatforms,whicharedesignedtomaximizeuserengagementthroughvariablerewardsandendlessscrolling.Consequently,manyindividualsfindthemselvesstrugglingtoconcentrateforextendedperiods,optinginsteadforthelow-thresholdstimulationprovidedbydigitaldistractions.Thisshiftinattentionalhabitsraisesprofoundquestionsaboutourcapacityforcriticalthinking,creativity,andmeaningfulreflection,whichareallessentialfornavigatingthecomplexitiesofmodernlife.Beyondindividualcognition,digitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyreshapedsocialdynamics,bothonlineandoffline.Theriseofsocialmediahascreatednewavenuesforconnectionandcommunitybuilding,allowingindividualstoconnectwithothersbasedonsharedinterests,values,orexperiencesregardlessofgeographicalboundaries.However,thisinterconnectednessoftenoccursincurated,idealizedversionsofreality,creatingadisconnectbetweenonlinepersonasandofflineidentities.Furthermore,thephenomenonof"echochambers"and"filterbubbles,"wherealgorithmstailorcontenttoreinforceexistingbeliefs,canexacerbatesocialpolarizationandhinderthedevelopmentofempathyandunderstandingacrossdiverseperspectives.Thesedynamicscontributetoasenseofsocialfragmentation,wheredespitetheapparentinterconnectednessfacilitatedbydigitaltechnology,individualsmayfindthemselvesincreasinglyisolatedintheirownideologicalbubbles.Theeconomicimplicationsofdigitaltechnologyareequallyfar-reaching,drivingtransformativechangesinlabormarkets,businessmodels,andeconomicstructures.Theautomationofroutinetasksandtheriseofartificialintelligencehavedisplacedmanyjobspreviouslyperformedbyhumanworkers,whilesimultaneouslycreatingnewopportunitiesinfieldssuchasdatascience,digitalmarketing,andsoftwaredevelopment.Thistransitionhasnecessitatedashiftintheskillsetsrequiredforthemodernworkforce,emphasizingadaptability,digitalliteracy,andproblem-solvingabilities.However,thebenefitsofthistechnologicaladvancementarenotevenlydistributed,potentiallyexacerbatingeconomicinequalityandcreatingadigitaldividebetweenthosewhohaveaccesstothesetechnologiesandthosewhodonot.Addressingthesedisparitiesrequiresproactivepoliciesandinitiativesaimedatensuringequitableaccesstodigitalresourcesandpromotinglifelonglearningopportunitiesforallindividuals.Aswestandatthecuspofanothertechnologicalrevolution,drivenbyadvancementsinartificialintelligence,biotechnology,andrenewableenergy,itiscrucialtoadoptabalancedandthoughtfulapproachtotheintegrationofthesetechnologiesintoourlives.Thisinvolvesfosteringacultureofdigitalliteracythatempowersindividualstocriticallyevaluatetheinformationtheyencounter,makeinformedchoicesabouttheirtechnologyuse,andengageinmeaningfuldialogueabouttheethicalimplicationsoftheseadvancements.Onlythroughaconcertedefforttoeducate,engage,andempowercanweharnessthefullpotentialofdigitaltechnologytoenhanceourliveswhilemitigatingitspotentialrisksandensuringamoreequitableandsustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostsignificantimpactsofdigitaltechnologyonhumancognition?3.Theword"cultivated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?4.Thepassagesuggeststhattheriseofsocialmediahasbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonsocialdynamics.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheseeffects?5.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofworkinthecontextofdigitaltechnology?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthekeychallengesassociatedwiththeintegrationofdigitaltechnology?7.Theword"/mitigating"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?8.Thepassagementions"echochambers"and"filterbubbles"asexamplesofwhichphenomenon?9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthereasonsforthedigitaldivide?10.Thepassagesuggeststhatfosteringacultureofdigitalliteracyinvolveswhichofthefollowing?SecondPartReadingComprehensionDirections:Thefollowingpassageisadaptedfromabookoncontemporarysocialissues.Completethesentencesbelowwiththewordsorphrasesprovided.Makesurethewordorphraseyouwritefitsthemeaningofthesentenceandiswrittencorrectly.Itisoftenassumedthattheincreasedavailabilityofinformationthroughtheinternethasmadepeoplemoreinformedandknowledgeable.However,researchsuggeststhattheoppositemaybetrue.Thesheervolumeofinformationavailableonlinecanbeoverwhelming,makingitdifficultforindividualstodiscerncrediblesourcesfromunreliableones.Thisphenomenon,knownas"informationoverload,"canleadtocognitivefatigueandarelianceonheuristicshortcuts,suchasacceptinginformationfrompopularsocialmediaaccountswithoutcriticalevaluation.Asaresult,manyindividualsmayfindthemselvesexposedtomisinformationanddisinformation,whichcanshapetheirbeliefsandattitudesinwaysthatarenotalwaysalignedwithfactualreality.Theconsequencesofthisinformationlandscapearemultifacetedandfar-reaching.Ononehand,theeasewithwhichmisinformationcanspreadhascontributedtotheriseof"fakenews"andthepolarizationofpublicopinion.Politicalcampaigns,socialmovements,andevenpersonalrelationshipscanbeinfluencedormanipulatedbyfalseormisleadinginformation.Ontheotherhand,theinternethasalsodemocratizedaccesstoinformation,allowingmarginalizedvoicesandalternativeperspectivestobeheard.Thishasthepotentialtochallengedominantnarrativesandfostergreatersocialawarenessandactivism.Tonavigatethiscomplexinformationenvironment,individualsneedtodeveloparangeofskillsandcompetencies.Criticalthinking,medialiteracy,andtheabilitytoevaluatethecredibilityofsourcesareessentialfordistinguishingbetweenfactualinformationandmisinformation.Additionally,individualsneedtobeawareoftheirowncognitivebiasesandheuristics,whichcanmakethemvulnerabletomanipulationbyfalseormisleadinginformation.fosteringtheseskillsrequiresaconcertedeffortfromeducationalinstitutions,mediaorganizations,andcivilsocietyorganizations.Bypromotingmedialiteracyandcriticalthinking,thesestakeholderscanhelpindividualsbecomemoreinformedanddiscerningconsumersofinformation.However,thechallengeofmisinformationisnotsolelyamatterofindividualresponsibility.Thealgorithmsthatpowersocialmediaplatformsandsearchenginesplayasignificantroleinshapingtheinformationenvironment.Thesealgorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftenbyprioritizingcontentthatissensational,emotional,oralignedwithusers'existingbeliefs.Thiscancreatefeedbackloopswhereusersarerepeatedlyexposedtosimilarinformation,reinforcingtheirexistingbiasesandmakingitdifficulttoencounterdiverseperspectives.Addressingthisissuerequiresamulti-facetedapproach,includingalgorithmictransparency,regulation,andthedevelopmentofmoreethicalandresponsiblealgorithms.Inconclusion,therelationshipbetweentheinternet,information,andknowledgeiscomplexandnuanced.Whiletheinternethasthepotentialtodemocratizeaccesstoinformationandfostergreatersocialawareness,italsopresentssignificantchallengesintermsofmisinformationandthepolarizationofpublicopinion.Navigatingthisinformationlandscaperequiresacombinationofindividualskills,suchascriticalthinkingandmedialiteracy,aswellassystemicchangestotheplatformsandalgorithmsthatshapetheinformationenvironment.Onlybyaddressingbothindividualandsystemicfactorscanwehopetocreateamoreinformedandequitableinformationsociety.11.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheconsequencesofinformationoverload?12.Theword"multifaceted"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?13.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheskillsindividualsneedtonavigatethecomplexinformationenvironment?14.Thepassagesuggeststhatthealgorithmsthatpowersocialmediaplatformsandsearchenginescancontributetothespreadofmisinformation.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainshowthisoccurs?15.Thepassageimpliesthataddressingthechallengeofmisinformationrequireswhichofthefollowing?16.Theword"nuanced"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?17.Thepassagesuggeststhatfosteringamoreinformedandequitableinformationsocietyrequireswhichofthefollowing?18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthepotentialbenefitsoftheinternetintermsofinformationaccess?19.Thepassagementions"algorithmictransparency"asoneofthesolutionstotheproblemofmisinformation.Whatdoesthistermreferto?20.Thepassageimpliesthattherelationshipbetweentheinternet,information,andknowledgeiswhichofthefollowing?試卷答案1.B解析：文章首段提出數(shù)字技術(shù)帶來機遇和挑戰(zhàn)，第二至四段分別論述其對認知、社交和經(jīng)濟的影響，第五段總結(jié)并提出應(yīng)對之道。故選B（探討數(shù)字技術(shù)對現(xiàn)代生活的多方面影響并分析其利弊）。2.C解析：根據(jù)第二段首句，“attentionfragmentation”被定義為“注意力碎片化”，后文解釋為“快速、淺層處理”信息，與選項C（快速、淺層處理信息的能力下降）意思一致。3.A解析：“cultivated”意為“培養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)成”，指注意力碎片化是數(shù)字技術(shù)長期影響下形成的習(xí)慣，與選項A（形成的）意思一致。4.D解析：文章指出社交媒體既促進連接（如基于興趣的連接），又導(dǎo)致問題（如理想化現(xiàn)實、回聲