語法專練主語從句夯基固本——一遍過對標(biāo)高考——全練通Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.

（2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷）She

says

it

is

essential

we

keep

control

of

artificial

intelligence，

or

risk

being

sidelined

and

perhaps

even

worse.2.

（2023·全國甲卷）

we

discovered

is

that

it’s

unwise

to

judge

what

you

eat

only

by

its

appearance.3.

（2023·全國乙卷）It

seems

TV

programmes

have

helped

change

what

people

think

about

cooking.4.

they

would

support

us

or

not

still

remains

a

problem.that

What

that

Whether

5.

Johnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.6.

will

be

made

captain

of

our

team

is

still

unknown，

but

one

thing

is

certain：

is

put

into

this

position

is

to

lead

us

out

of

the

present

difficulty.7.

we

understand

things

has

a

lot

to

do

with

what

we

feel.8.

Your

support

is

important

to

our

work.

you

can

do

helps.9.

the

delayed

flight

will

take

off

depends

much

on

the

weather.10.

never

occurred

to

him

that

the

easier

the

questions

were，

the

more

careful

he

should

be.Who

whoever

How

Whatever

When

It

Why

11.

he

will

spend

his

summer

holiday

is

up

to

his

parents.12.

makes

the

book

so

extraordinary

is

the

creative

imagination

of

the

writer.13.

theory

must

go

hand

in

hand

with

practice

is

a

principle

we

should

always

keep

in

mind.14.

of

you

comes

in

first

will

receive

a

prize.Where

What

That

Whichever

Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.

我們將到哪里度假對我來說無關(guān)緊要，因為我所需要的只是放

松。（difference）

we

shall

spend

our

holiday，

for

only

relaxation.2.

重要的是，你要在6月28日之前提交你的文章。

your

article

before

28

June.It

makes

no

difference

to

me

where

what

I

need

is

It

is

important

that

you

（should）

hand

in

3.

要求每個學(xué)生在出國前都要學(xué)一門外語。（require）

?

before

going

abroad.4.

人們普遍認(rèn)為，我們?nèi)绾螌Υ厍驔Q定了我們將面臨什么樣的

生活。

?

what

life

we

will

face.5.

這是誰的過錯現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)很明顯了。

is

quite

clear

now.It

is

required

that

every

student

（should）

learn

a

foreign

language

It

is

widely

believed

that

how

we

treat

the

earth

determines

Whose

fault

it

is

6.

他錯失這樣一個好機會很可惜。

he

missed

such

a

good

chance.7.

他做了什么和什么時候做的是我唯一想知道的事情。

the

only

things

I

want

to

know.8.

是否應(yīng)該把這個舊的公共汽車站改成一家現(xiàn)代化的旅館仍在討

論中。

the

old

bus

station

should

be

replaced

with

a

modern

hotel.It

was

a

pity

that

What

he

did

and

when

he

did

it

are

It

is

still

under

discussion

whether

Ⅰ.閱讀理解主題語境：人與自我之生活與學(xué)習(xí)語篇類型：說明文建議用時：8分鐘As

most

Americans

spend

at

least

50％

of

their

food

budget

dining

out，

public

criticism

falls

on

restaurants

to

help

consumers

make

healthier

food

choices.The

Menu

Labeling

Final

Rule

has

come

into

effect，

requiring

restaurants

with

more

than

20

locations

to

show

the

calories

of

food

on

menus.By

representing

these

values

in

a

discrepant

way—using

physically

larger

numbers

on

the

page

for

lower-calorie

options，and

smaller

numbers

for

high-calorie

foods—businesses

can

shift

customers’preferences

toward

healthier

food，according

to

Ruiying

Cai

from

the

Washington

State

University.In

their

study，

Cai

and

her

colleagues

asked

participants

to

choose

between

a

less

healthy

item

and

a

healthier

option

after

randomly

assigning

them

to

two

groups.In

the

first

group，

calorie

counts

and

font

sizes

rose

and

fell

together.In

the

second

group，

the

size

became

larger

as

the

calorie

count

fell.Researchers

also

asked

participants

questions

to

assess

their

health-consciousness.Results

showed

participants

in

the

second

group，

who

saw

low

calorie

counts

printed

in

large

sizes，

were

more

likely

to

adopt

the

healthier

option.Moreover，

less

health-conscious

participants

were

the

most

affected，

while

people

with

more

health

awareness

were

less

influenced

since

they

already

favored

healthier

food.This

research

adjusted

customer

behaviors

by

creating

a

Stroop

effect.Named

after

psychologist

J.Ridley

Stroop，

the

Stroop

effect

refers

to

a

delay

in

reaction

to

mismatch

in

its

classic

form.For

example，

if

the

word

“purple”

is

written

in

green，

it

takes

respondents

longer

time

to

identify

the

color

than

if

the

word

and

the

color

match.Similarly，

the

effect

is

observed

when

the

physical

size

of

the

number

does

not

match

its

number

in

this

study.“Restaurants

are

interested

in

encouraging

customers

to

make

healthier

choices，”

Cai

said.However，

simply

labeling

the

food

as

healthy

may

not

have

the

intended

effect.“Healthy

food

items

could

be

profitable

for

restaurants，

but

whenever

a

‘healthy’

label

is

attached，

people

may

assume

it

does

not

taste

good，”

she

explained.“We’re

trying

to

provide

restaurants

with

indirect

suggestions，

rather

than

saying

it

out

loud.”語篇解讀：文章主要介紹了一項研究——菜單上標(biāo)記熱量多少的數(shù)

字大小是如何影響顧客對食物的選擇的。1.

What

does

the

underlined

word

“discrepant”

in

Paragraph

2

mean？A.Creative.B.Relative.C.Conflicting.D.Misleading.解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的內(nèi)容using

physically

larger

numbers

...high-calorie

foods可知，這是對discrepant

way的解

釋，用大字號表示低卡路里，小字號表示高卡路里，這是一種相

沖突的方式，故可推知discrepant應(yīng)表示“矛盾的，不一致的”，

與Conflicting同義?！?.

Which

of

the

following

type

of

customers

would

be

affected

most

from

the

research？A.Strict

diet

followers.B.Convenience

food

fans.C.Homemade

meal

lovers.D.Health

magazine

readers.√解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Moreover，

less

health-

conscious

participants

...favored

healthier

food.可知，健康意識

較弱的人受影響最大，而健康意識較弱的人通常是方便食物的愛

好者。3.

What

is

Paragraph

5

mainly

about？A.The

significance

of

research

results.B.The

measurement

of

response

delays.C.The

psychological

basis

of

the

study

design.D.The

influential

variations

of

the

Stroop

effect.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了該研

究應(yīng)用斯特魯普效應(yīng)來研究顧客行為，該效應(yīng)是設(shè)計該研究的心

理學(xué)基礎(chǔ)?！?.

Which

of

the

following

might

be

Cai’s

suggestion

for

restaurants？A.Use

font

magic

to

drive

healthier

choices.B.Pay

more

attention

to

the

taste

of

the

food.C.Create

a

quiet

dining

atmosphere

for

customers.D.Attach

“healthy”

labels

to

the

food

on

the

menu.√解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Cai所說的話可知，她認(rèn)為給食

物貼上“健康”的標(biāo)簽反而會適得其反，并不能鼓勵顧客去選擇

它，餐館應(yīng)該尋求間接的方法。再根據(jù)第四段第一句Results

showed

participants

in

the

second

group...adopt

the

healthier

option.可推測，Cai提到的indirect

suggestions指的就是餐館可以

利用字體的魔力來引導(dǎo)顧客選擇更健康的食物。Ⅱ.完形填空主題語境：人與自我之生活經(jīng)歷語篇類型：記敘文建議用時：

12分鐘I

was

in

Washington

covering

a

conference.However，

I

came

across

a

curious-looking

1

shop

with

its

door

partly

open.Citizens

here

said

it

had

been

like

that

2

as

long

as

they

could

remember，

but

no

one

knew

3

.“Maybe

the

owner

is

just

lazy，”

I

4

the

shady

entrance，

eager

to

find

out

the

reason.A

（n）

5

“Welcome！”

came

from

a

man’s

voice.And

out

walked

Mr

Smith，

the

90-year-old

6

of

this

candy

shop

which

I

suddenly

realized

had

7

candies.Mr

Smith

explained

the

place

was

a

candy

store

opened

by

himself

50

years

ago，

but

his

energy

8

in

old

age

so

he

sold

nothing

for

long.I

admired

Mr

Smith’s

long

excellent

service

in

the

area.He

had

a

9

attitude

to

life.I

asked

Mr

Smith

why

his

store

front

was

in

such

a

state.Mr

Smith，

smiling，

replied，

“I

10

a

bag

by

the

door

that

a

customer

left

two

years

ago.Honestly

I

want

to

just

11

the

store，

but

because

the

bag’s

owner

might

come

by

12

for

it，

I

keep

the

door

open

just

a

little

bit.”

I

was

moved

to

tears

by

Mr

Smith’s

shockingly

13

deeds.I

then

looked

down，

and

sure

enough

there

was

a

small

bag

on

the

counter

with

a

paper

that

read

“

14

Item”.I

left

the

shop

feeling

better

about

humanity

and

was

glad

there

are

people

like

Mr

Smith

living

the

good

life

and

keeping

15

forever.語篇解讀：作者講述了自己在華盛頓的一次溫暖的經(jīng)歷。一位糖果

店老板經(jīng)營店鋪多年，后來年齡大了，精力有限，想要關(guān)掉店鋪。

但是，兩年前有一位顧客把一個包遺忘在店里，老人雖然不再開門

營業(yè)，但是想著那位顧客隨時有可能路過這里，進來尋包，所以每

天都把門半開著等待。1.

A.clothingB.food

C.fruitD.candy解析：根據(jù)下文的this

candy

shop可知，這是一家糖果店。2.

A.every

dayB.occasionally

C.every

nightD.recently解析：根據(jù)下文的I

10

a

bag

by

the

door

...keep

the

door

open

just

a

little

bit可知，老人不再營業(yè)賣糖果，兩年來

卻為了等失主來找包而每天把店門半開。每天這樣做才會令人

們覺得好奇?！獭?.

A.whenB.whereC.whyD.how解析：根據(jù)下文的eager

to

find

out

the

reason可知，人們對這家

店鋪不營業(yè)卻開著門的情況很好奇，不知道為什么。why呼應(yīng)下文

的the

reason。4.

A.approachedB.left

C.brokeD.ignored解析：結(jié)合語境可知，作者想要探究原因，需要靠近店鋪，前去

詢問店主?！獭?.

A.officialB.enthusiastic

C.elegantD.humble解析：根據(jù)下文的I

admired

Mr

Smith’s

long

excellent

service

in

the

area.可知，多年來店主的服務(wù)態(tài)度非常好，應(yīng)該對顧客是

很熱情的。6.

A.supplierB.owner

C.customerD.employee解析：根據(jù)