高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)包頭市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourofthemostfamousbuildingsfromaroundtheworld.Whenyouaregoingtotravel,youknowexactlywheretogo!TheLloyd’sBuildingTheLloyd’sBuildingliesinLondonandisRichardRogers’firsthigh-techofficeblock.Ithaswonmanyawardsbecauseofitsattractiveinside-outdesign—allitsserviceslikeelevatorsareprovidedoutsidethebuilding.ItissaidbyHistoricEnglandtobe“widelyrecognizedasoneofthekeybuildingsofthemodemage.”O(jiān)neWorldTradeCenterOneWorldTradeCenterisintheUnitedStates,whichreachesatotalheightof1,776feet.Thebuildinghas94storiesaboveground,and5storiesunderground.Thereare86usableabove-groundfloors,ofwhich78areusedforofficepurposes.What’smore,thebuildinghas73elevatorsintotalandallthat’sneededtotraveltotheupperfloorsofthebuildingisaridewithinonly60seconds.PetronasTowersThePetronasTowersliesinKualaLumpur,Malaysia,whichhasaheightof1,483feet.The88-floortowersarecharacterizedbyatwo-storyskybridgeconnectingthetwotowersonthe41stand42ndfloors.Theskybridgeis58meterslongandisconsideredtobethehighesttwo-storyskybridgeintheworld.TheColosseumTheColosseuminRome,Italyisalargeamphitheater(圓形劇場(chǎng))thathostedeventslikegladiatorial(角斗士的)games.TheColosseum,whichcanseat50,000people,towersfourstorieshighandincludeseightyentrancestotheamphitheater.Itisthelargestancientamphitheatereverbuiltandisstillthelargeststandingamphitheaterintheworldtoday.1.Whichbuildinghasoutsideelevators?A.TheLloyd’sBuilding. B.OneWorldTradeCenter.C.PetronasTowers. D.TheColosseum.2.WhatdoweknowaboutOneWorldTradeCenter?A.Ithassomeundergroundoffices.B.Thereare5unusablefloorsinitinall.C.Itprovides86floorsforofficepurposes.D.Therunningspeedofitselevatorsishigh.3.Wherecanyouvisittheworld’shighesttwo-storyskybridge?A.InBritain. B.InMalaysia. C.InAmerica. D.InItaly.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是世界上最著名的四座建筑?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLloyd’sBuilding部分“Ithaswonmanyawardsbecauseofitsattractiveinside-outdesign—allitsserviceslikeelevatorsareprovidedoutsidethebuilding.(該建筑因其別具一格的內(nèi)外顛倒設(shè)計(jì)而榮獲眾多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——其所有服務(wù)設(shè)施，如電梯等，均設(shè)置在建筑外部。)”可知，TheLloyd’sBuilding有室外電梯。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OneWorldTradeCenter部分“What’smore,thebuildinghas73elevatorsintotalandallthat’sneededtotraveltotheupperfloorsofthebuildingisaridewithinonly60seconds.(更重要的是，該建筑共有73部電梯，只需在60秒內(nèi)乘坐電梯即可到達(dá)大樓的高層。)”可知，OneWorldTradeCenter的電梯運(yùn)行速度快。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PetronasTowers部分“Theskybridgeis58meterslongandisconsideredtobethehighesttwo-storyskybridgeintheworld.(這座天橋長(zhǎng)58米，被認(rèn)為是世界上最高的兩層天橋。)”和“ThePetronasTowersliesinKualaLumpur,Malaysia(雙子星塔坐落于馬來(lái)西亞吉隆坡)”可知，在馬來(lái)西亞可以參觀世界上最高的兩層天橋。故選B。BOliviaHillier’ssidehustle(副業(yè))startedwitha$5T-shirtshefoundatathriftstore(舊貨店).MedicalstudentHillierhadsomeexperienceofsellingafewofherownoldclothingitemsonanappcalledPoshmark.Sheneverthoughtmuchofit.ButonedayshenoticedotherPoshmarksellerswereprofitingfromsellingthriftstorefinds.Becauseofherstudentloans,Hillierbeganstudyingtheirstrategiesandusingthemtocreateherownsidehustle.ThatfirstT-shirtsoldfor$20.Sincethen,Hillier’ssidehustlehasbroughtinmorethan$117,000,including$85,000lastyearalone.Itcurrentlyaverages$6,000to$7,000ofprofitpermonth,helpingherlatelypurchaseafive-bedroomhouse.Hillier’ssidehustlebeganinAugust2020,whenshenoticedthatotherPoshmarksellerswerepostingthousandsofitemsthatcouldn’thavebeenfromtheirownclosets(衣柜).Shelearnedthatmanyweresourcingtheiritemsfromthriftstores.Shespentthenexttwomonthstestingvarioussellers’methods.Thenshecenteredononestyle—brightvintage(古典的)pieces—becausethoseitemsaresoldthemostquickly.Hillier’ssidehustledidn’treallypayoff,though,untilshefoundabalancebetweensellingclothesandmedicalschool.OnFridays,she’drunfromclassestothriftstores,spendingthoseeveningssortingandcleaningclothes.OnSundays,she’dtakesnapsofhernewstock(存貨).OnMondays,inbetweenhospitalrotations(換班),she’duploadthenewproductsontoherPoshmarkcloset.Andeveryotherday,she’druntothepostoffice.“You’vegottodoitonaregularbasis,”Hilliersays.“IfIdidn’tloveitsomuch,Iwouldn’tmakethetimeforit.”Now,someofHillier’ssidehustle’smoneycoversherdownpaymentonahouse.Therestwillgotowardsnewfurniture,travel,hertwodogsandstudentloanpayments.“Alotofpeoplecan’tgetastablejobinthemedicalschoolbecausetheydon’thavethetimeorflexibility,”Hilliersays.“It’snicetonotonlyhavetimetodosomethingIlike,butaffordotherthings.IwillkeepthisbusinessmovingonwhenI’manattendingdoctor.”4.WhatmadeHillierdecidetostarthersidehustle?A.Hergreatloveforfashionableclothes.B.Herneedtoearnmoneyatthemoment.C.Herpurposeofmakingacareerchange.D.Herearlysuccessinsellingoldclothes.5.HowdidHillierprepareforhersidehustle?A.BybecomingauserofPoshmark.B.Bylearningfromothers’experience.C.BycontactingsomePoshmarksellers.D.Byfillingherclosetwithbrightvintageclothes.6.WhatisthekeytoHillier’ssuccessinhersidehustle?A.Knowingcustomers’tastes. B.Abigcollectionofclothes.C.Followingaroutine. D.Alargeamountoffreetime.7.WhatdoesHillierplantodointhefutureaccordingtothetext?A.Holdontobothhersidehustleandwork.B.Applyforamoreflexiblejob.C.Transformhersidehustleintoahobby.D.Buyanothernewhouse.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是醫(yī)學(xué)生OliviaHillier如何通過(guò)經(jīng)營(yíng)副業(yè)，在舊貨店尋找并轉(zhuǎn)售衣物，在兼顧學(xué)業(yè)的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)收益，并成功改善生活的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Becauseofherstudentloans,Hillierbeganstudyingtheirstrategiesandusingthemtocreateherownsidehustle.(由于她的學(xué)生貸款，Hillier開(kāi)始研究他們的策略，并利用它們來(lái)創(chuàng)造自己的副業(yè)。)”可知，讓Hillier決定開(kāi)始她的副業(yè)的是她目前急需賺錢(qián)。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shespentthenexttwomonthstestingvarioussellers’methods.Thenshecenteredononestyle—brightvintage(古典的)pieces—becausethoseitemsaresoldthemostquickly.(在接下來(lái)的兩個(gè)月里，她測(cè)試了各種賣(mài)家的方法。然后她把注意力集中在一種風(fēng)格上——明亮的復(fù)古款式——因?yàn)檫@種款式賣(mài)得最快。)”可知，Hillier是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)別人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為她的副業(yè)做準(zhǔn)備的。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“OnFridays,she’drunfromclassestothriftstores,spendingthoseeveningssortingandcleaningclothes.OnSundays,she’dtakesnapsofhernewstock(存貨).OnMondays,inbetweenhospitalrotations(換班),she’duploadthenewproductsontoherPoshmarkcloset.Andeveryotherday,she’druntothepostoffice.“You’vegottodoitonaregularbasis,”Hilliersays.(每周五，她都會(huì)從教室跑到舊貨店，晚上整理和清洗衣服。每到星期天，她都會(huì)給她的新貨拍照。每周一，在醫(yī)院輪班的間隙，她會(huì)把新產(chǎn)品上傳到她的Poshmark衣櫥里。每隔一天，她就跑去郵局?！澳惚仨毝ㄆ谶@樣做，”Hillier說(shuō)。)”可知，Hillier副業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵是遵循日常常規(guī)，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“IwillkeepthisbusinessmovingonwhenI’manattendingdoctor.(當(dāng)我成為主治醫(yī)生后，我將繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)這門(mén)生意。)”可知，Hillier將來(lái)打算堅(jiān)持她的副業(yè)和工作。故選A。CDophonecallsfromlong-lostfriendsreallyexciteyou?You’renotalone.Anewstudyfindspeopleoftenunderestimatehowmuchtheiroldfriendswillappreciatereceivingacallfromthemoutoftheblue.Meanwhile,thefriendgettingthecallplacesamuchhighervalueonthesurprisesocialinteraction.“Peoplearefundamentallysocialbeingsandenjoybondingwithothers,”explainsleadauthorPeggyLiu,PhD,fromtheUniversityofPittsburgh,inamediarelease.Researchersconductedseveralexperimentsinvolvingover5,900peopletolookatwhatfactorsplayintotheamountofappreciationsomeonefeelswhenotherscontactthem.Inoneexperiment,researchersaskedhalfoftheparticipantstorememberthelasttimetheycontactedsomeoneintheirsocialcircleafternotspeakingwiththemforareallylongtime.Therestofthegrouptooktheoppositeapproach,rememberingwhenalong-lostfriendreachedthembyphone.Thetwogroupsthenhadtorateonaseven-pointscale(1meaning“notatall”and7meaning“toagreatextent”)howmuchthepersonreceivingthiscommunicationappreciated,orfeltgrateful,orpleasedaboutthemessage.Forpeoplemakingthecall,thismeantguessinghowmuchtheirfriendenjoyedhearingfromthem.Forthepeoplereceivingthecall,theysimplyhadtoratehowmuchtheyappreciatedhearingfromalong-lostpal.Resultsshowcasethepeoplereachingtheirfriendsignificantlyunderratedtheirfriend’sappreciationwhenthetwogroupswerecompared.“Isometimeshesitatebeforecontactingpeopleinmysocialcircleforavarietyofreasons.Whenthathappens,Ithinkabouttheseresearchfindingsandremindmyselfthatotherpeoplemayalsowanttoreachmeandhesitateforthesamereasons,”Liuconcludes.“IthentellmyselfthatIwouldappreciateitsomuchiftheyreachedmeandthatthereisnoreasontothinktheywouldnotsimilarlyappreciatemyreachingthem.”8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“outoftheblue”underlinedinparagraph1?A.Delightedly. B.Instantly. C.Regularly. D.Unexpectedly.9.Whataretheresearchers’conclusionsbasedon?A.Thecomparisonbetweenthedatafromtwogroups.B.Theirobservationofsocialinteractionamongparticipants.C.Theiranalysisofparticipants’attachmenttotheiroldfriends.D.Theirinvestigationintothesocialconnectionsofparticipants.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparticipantsreachingtheirfriends?A.Theytendedtobemoresociable.B.Theyexpresseddifferentgradesofgratitude.C.Theirfriendsmighthesitatetocontactthemforvariousreasons.D.Theirfriendsweremoregratefulfortheircallsthantheyhadexpected.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ImproveYourCommunicationSkills.B.ObservetheLawofSocialInteraction.C.HaveNoHesitationinReachingYourFriend.D.PromoteaCloserFriendshipbyCallingYourFriend.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們常低估久未聯(lián)系的朋友對(duì)突然來(lái)電的欣喜，而接電話者更看重這種意外社交互動(dòng)。研究者通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)此現(xiàn)象，作者也分享了自身感悟。【8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“surprisesocialinteraction(意外的社交互動(dòng))”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們常低估老朋友對(duì)突然來(lái)電的感激程度，故劃線詞意思是“意外地”。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inoneexperiment,researchersaskedhalfoftheparticipantstorememberthelasttimetheycontactedsomeoneintheirsocialcircleafternotspeakingwiththemforareallylongtime.Therestofthegrouptooktheoppositeapproach,rememberingwhenalong-lostfriendreachedthembyphone.(在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員讓一半的參與者回憶一下自己在與某位社交圈內(nèi)的人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間未聯(lián)系之后，最后一次與他們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系的時(shí)間。而另一半?yún)⑴c者則采取了相反的方法，即回憶起一位久未聯(lián)系的朋友通過(guò)電話聯(lián)系自己的時(shí)間)”以及第三段“Resultsshowcasethepeoplereachingtheirfriendsignificantlyunderratedtheirfriend’sappreciationwhenthetwogroupswerecompared.(研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)對(duì)兩組人群進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，聯(lián)系到朋友的一方明顯低估了朋友對(duì)自己消息的重視程度)”可知，研究人員得出的結(jié)論是基于對(duì)兩組數(shù)據(jù)的比較。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Resultsshowcasethepeoplereachingtheirfriendsignificantlyunderratedtheirfriend’sappreciationwhenthetwogroupswerecompared.(研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)對(duì)兩組人群進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，聯(lián)系到朋友的一方明顯低估了朋友對(duì)自己消息的重視程度)”可知，參與者的朋友對(duì)他們的來(lái)電表達(dá)的感激之情比他們?cè)绢A(yù)期的要多。故選D。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Dophonecallsfromlong-lostfriendsreallyexciteyou?You’renotalone.Anewstudyfindspeopleoftenunderestimatehowmuchtheiroldfriendswillappreciatereceivingacallfromthemoutoftheblue.Meanwhile,thefriendgettingthecallplacesamuchhighervalueonthesurprisesocialinteraction.(與久未謀面的朋友打個(gè)電話，真的會(huì)讓你感到興奮嗎？你并非個(gè)例。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們往往低估了那些久未聯(lián)系的朋友收到自己突然打來(lái)的電話時(shí)會(huì)有多么感激。與此同時(shí)，接到電話的朋友則更看重這種突如其來(lái)的社交互動(dòng)所帶來(lái)的驚喜感)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們常低估久未聯(lián)系的朋友對(duì)突然來(lái)電的欣喜，而接電話者更看重這種意外社交互動(dòng)。研究者通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)此現(xiàn)象，作者也分享了自身感悟?？芍珻選項(xiàng)“有需要就毫不猶豫地聯(lián)系你的朋友”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DCancerisaleadingcauseofdeathworldwide,accountingfornearly10milliondeathsin2020.Manyformsofcancerscouldbecuredifdiscoveredearlyandtreatedproperly.Butidentifyingitisquiteaneffort.Nowanewstudymayofferanapproach.ResearchersinFrancerecentlyfoundthatinsects,includingants,haveapowerfulsenseofsmellandcanquicklylearntofindoutcancerouscells(細(xì)胞).Theresearchersexperimentedwith36antsofthespeciesFormicafusca.Theyfirsttrainedtheantsbyplacingasugarsolutionnearthecancerouscells.Halfoftheantsweretaughttorecognizeonetypeofcancer,andtherestweretaughtanother.Thentheantswereputnearthehealthycellsandthecancerouscells.Itturnedoutthatwhenthesugarsolutionwastakenaway,theantscouldstillfindoutthecancerouscells.Inthetest,theantsmovedtowardsthecancerouscellstheylearnedtodiscover,eveniftheyhadtochoosebetweendifferentcancervarieties.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethatanimals’senseofsmellhasbeenusedtoidentifycancerouscells.Earlierstudieshavesuggestedthatdogsaregoodatsmellingoutcancerouscells.“Antsequaldogsintermsofsmellingabilities,”theresearcherswrote.“Insomeregards,antsarebetterthandogsbecausetheycanlearnextremelyfast—lessthan30minutesformostants—withalow-costmethodthatcanbeachievedbyanyoneafteracoupleofdaysoftraining,whiletrainingadogtoproperlysmelloutcancerouscellsrequiresseveralmonthstoayearanditalsocostsmuch.”Moreclinical(臨床的)testsmustbecarriedoutbeforetheycouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals.Theresearchers’nextstepwillbetofurtherstudywhetherantscouldmakethemselvesusefulinotherreal-worldsituationswheredogsarenowused.Theybelievethatthemethodcouldpossiblybeadaptedtootherchallengingtasks.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheantsintheexperiment?A.Theywereusedforcuringcancer.B.Theyfedmainlyoncancerouscells.C.Theypreferredhealthycellstocancerouscells.D.Theycouldtelldifferentcancerouscellvarietiesapart.13.Howareantsbetterthandogsaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Antshaveastrongersenseofsmell. B.Antshavemorecorrectresults.C.Antsaremuchmorecost-effective. D.Antscanbeusedforlongerperiods.14.Whatwilltheresearchersdonext?A.Exploreotherpossibleusesofants.B.Experimentwithotherspeciesofants.C.Useantsinsteadofdogsinreal-worldsituations.D.Promotetheuseofantsinhospitalsaroundtheworld.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Antscanidentifycancerouscells.B.Cancerisaleadingcauseofdeath.C.Cancercanbecuredsoonerorlater.D.Antsanddogshavegoodsmellingabilities.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要說(shuō)明了法國(guó)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻具有強(qiáng)大的嗅覺(jué)能力，能夠通過(guò)訓(xùn)練快速識(shí)別癌細(xì)胞，且在某些方面比狗更具優(yōu)勢(shì)，未來(lái)或可應(yīng)用于醫(yī)療診斷等現(xiàn)實(shí)場(chǎng)景。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthetest,theantsmovedtowardsthecancerouscellstheylearnedtodiscover,eveniftheyhadtochoosebetweendifferentcancervarieties.(在測(cè)試中，螞蟻向它們學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的癌細(xì)胞移動(dòng)，即使它們必須在不同的癌癥品種之間做出選擇。)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)中的螞蟻可以區(qū)分不同種類的癌細(xì)胞。故選D。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Insomeregards,antsarebetterthandogsbecausetheycanlearnextremelyfast—lessthan30minutesformostants—withalow-costmethodthatcanbeachievedbyanyoneafteracoupleofdaysoftraining,whiletrainingadogtoproperlysmelloutcancerouscellsrequiresseveralmonthstoayearanditalsocostsmuch.(在某些方面，螞蟻比狗學(xué)得好，因?yàn)樗鼈儗W(xué)得非?？臁蠖鄶?shù)螞蟻不到30分鐘就能學(xué)會(huì)——只要訓(xùn)練幾天，任何人都可以用一種低成本的方法學(xué)會(huì)，而訓(xùn)練一只狗正確嗅出癌細(xì)胞需要幾個(gè)月到一年的時(shí)間，而且成本也很高。)”可知，螞蟻比狗好是因?yàn)槲浵伒某杀拘б娓叩枚?。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchers’nextstepwillbetofurtherstudywhetherantscouldmakethemselvesusefulinotherreal-worldsituationswheredogsarenowused.(研究人員接下來(lái)的步驟將是進(jìn)一步研究螞蟻是否能在其他目前由狗來(lái)承擔(dān)任務(wù)的現(xiàn)實(shí)場(chǎng)景中發(fā)揮作用。)”可知，研究人員下一步要探索螞蟻的其他可能用途。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Inthetest,theantsmovedtowardsthecancerouscellstheylearnedtodiscover,eveniftheyhadtochoosebetweendifferentcancervarieties.(在測(cè)試中，螞蟻向它們學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的癌細(xì)胞移動(dòng)，即使它們必須在不同的癌癥品種之間做出選擇。)”可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是螞蟻能識(shí)別癌細(xì)胞。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peoplehavebeenaddingcoloringtotheirfoodforthousandsofyears.ThistraditioniswidelythoughttohavetakenplaceinEgyptiancitiesasearlyas1500BC.____16____Withtimegoingby,foodcoloringgrewmoreandmorepopular.Atonepoint,allfoodcoloringsgottheircolorfromnaturalsources.____17____Insectsandrockswerealsooftenusedassourcesoffoodcolorings.Thenaturalworldstillremainsacommonsourceofmanyoftoday’scommercialcolorings.Nowadays,scientistshavealsodevelopedartificialfoodcolorings.Thesecoloringshavemanyadvantages.Forinstance,inmanycases,it’slessexpensivetocreatecolorsartificially.Inaddition,withartificialfoodcoloring,peoplecancreateespeciallybrightcolorsorcolorshardtofindinnature,suchasblue.____18____Whetherfoodcoloringscomenaturallyorartificially,therearehealthandsafetyconcernsaboutfoodcolorings.Severalfoodcoloringswereoncerecognizedassafe.Buttheyhavesincebeenremovedfromthemarketbecauseofhealthconcerns.____19____However,avoidingfoodcoloringscanactuallybequitedifficult.____20____Manygovernmentsaroundtheworldlimitthetypesofthingsthatcanbeusedinfoodcolorings.Anddifferentcountrieshavedifferentlabelingsystemsforfoodcolorings,whichallowspeopletobeclearwhatfoodcoloringitis.Manycountriesalsomakecertainrulesandlawstodealwithaddingandcreatingfoodcoloringsillegally.A.Allfoodcoloringscomefromtwosources.B.Somefoodcoloringsarenotgoodforhealth.C.Somepeoplethustrytoavoidfoodcolorings.D.Plants,likeflowers,wereverycommonexamples.E.Asaresult,man-madefoodcoloringsarewidelyused.F.Measuresthushavebeentakenforfoodcolorings’safety.G.Atthattime,candymakersusedcoloringstoimproveproducts’appearance.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.C20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了色素的起源、人工色素以及食用色素的安全問(wèn)題。【16題詳析】上文“ThistraditioniswidelythoughttohavetakenplaceinEgyptiancitiesasearlyas1500BC.(人們普遍認(rèn)為，這一傳統(tǒng)早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出現(xiàn)了)”提到，在食物中添加色素的傳統(tǒng)早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出現(xiàn)了，結(jié)合下文“Withtimegoingby,foodcoloringsgrewmoreandmorepopular.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，食用色素越來(lái)越受歡迎)”可知，空處是描述公元前1500年添加色素的情況，G項(xiàng)“當(dāng)時(shí)，糖果制造商使用色素來(lái)改善產(chǎn)品的外觀”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳析】上文“Atonepoint,allfoodcoloringsgottheircolorsfromnaturalsources.(曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，所有的食用色素都是天然色素)”提到，曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，所有的食用色素都是天然色素，結(jié)合下文“Insectsandrockswerealsooftenusedassourcesoffoodcolorings.(昆蟲(chóng)和巖石也經(jīng)常被用作食用色素的來(lái)源)”可知，空處和下文并列，都是對(duì)天然色素舉例，D項(xiàng)“植物，比如花，就是很常見(jiàn)的例子”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【18題詳析】上文“Inaddition,withartificialfoodcoloring,peoplecancreateespeciallybrightcolorsorcolorshardtofindinnature,suchasblue.(此外，使用人工食用色素，人們可以創(chuàng)造出特別明亮的顏色或在自然界中很難找到的顏色，比如藍(lán)色)”描述人工色素的優(yōu)勢(shì)，E項(xiàng)“因此，人工食用色素被廣泛使用”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，因?yàn)橛兄T多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故被廣泛使用，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whetherfoodcoloringscomenaturallyorartificially,therearehealthandsafetyconcernsaboutfoodcolorings.Severalfoodcoloringswereoncerecognizedassafe.Buttheyhavesincebeenremovedfromthemarketbecauseofhealthconcerns.(無(wú)論食品色素是天然的還是人工合成的，其安全性都存在健康和安全方面的疑慮。有幾種食品色素曾被認(rèn)定為是安全的。但此后由于健康方面的擔(dān)憂，它們已被從市場(chǎng)上撤下)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出人們因?yàn)榻】悼紤]避免食用色素的結(jié)果。故C選項(xiàng)“因此，有些人便試圖避免食用色素”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Manygovernmentsaroundtheworldlimitthetypesofthingsthatcanbeusedinfoodcolorings.Anddifferentcountrieshavedifferentlabelingsystemsforfoodcolorings,whichallowspeopletobeclearwhatfoodcoloringitis.Manycountriesalsomakecertainrulesandlawstodealwithaddingandcreatingfoodcoloringsillegally.(世界各地的許多政府都對(duì)可用于食品著色劑的物質(zhì)種類進(jìn)行了限制。而且不同國(guó)家對(duì)于食品著色劑的標(biāo)注體系也各不相同，這使得人們能夠清楚地知道所使用的是一種什么樣的食品著色劑。許多國(guó)家還制定了某些規(guī)則和法律，以應(yīng)對(duì)非法添加和制造食品著色劑的行為)”可知，本段是講述世界上很多國(guó)家對(duì)于色素安全采取的措施，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“因此，已經(jīng)采取了相關(guān)措施以確保食品色素的安全性”符合語(yǔ)境，為本段主題句，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwastaughtfromayoungagethatifIseeasnail(蝸牛)onaplant,Ishould____21____itandplaceitontheground.I____22____thesnailhunt.Itbroughtmepleasure.Butnowmyviewpointonsnailshas____23____.Snailsaremorethanasmallanimal.Asanambitious(有野心的)woman,I’moften____24____withworryandalarm.So,I’velookedtoseek____25____.Self-aidbooks,sports,certainapps.EverythingfeelsgoodinthemomentandIalwaysfindmyselfthinking,“Yes!NowI’vegotitall____26____.”Butwhentheemotiontornado____27____meagain,noneofthem____28____inthatverymoment.Butsnailsdo.Oneday,Iwasrelaxinginahottub(浴缸)andspottedasnail.Ijust____29____everylittlemovement.Themovementswereslowandcalmbutfascinating.Thehottubwasn’tthepartthatmademe____30____anymorethatnight.Thesnailwas.Andsnailsseemtoknowtherighttimeto____31____theabove-groundadventure.Aftertheypatiently,waitforarainfall,theyareseeminglycheeredupandsetout.The____32____hereisthatpatienceisanecessarything.Givingourselvestimeandwaitingfortherighttimepatientlyareextremely____33____.Andasnailneedstotakecoverbeforethesuncomesoutagainsothattheydon’tdryout;____34____,wealsoneedtoconsiderhowtocareforourselvesbeforewewearourselvesout.Leadingaslowandpatientlife,likeasnail,helpscopewithmy____35____.21.A.cover B.remove C.occupy D.restore22.A.organized B.declined C.adopted D.enjoyed23.A.worked B.flashed C.formed D.shifted24.A.content B.bored C.filled D.honest25.A.solutions B.expansions C.outcomes D.causes26.A.atrisk B.undercontrol C.onboard D.beyondreach27.A.shocked B.struck C.analyzed D.advanced28.A.disappeared B.assisted C.resisted D.survived29.A.pictured B.recognized C.observed D.interrupted30.A.determined B.concerned C.relaxed D.touched31.A.experience B.renew C.feature D.adjust32.A.difference B.problem C.answer D.message33.A.disturbing B.challenging C.thrilling D.worthwhile34.A.gratefully B.essentially C.similarly D.awkwardly35.A.worry B.relationship C.disappointment D.privacy【答案】21.B22.D23.D24.C25.A26.B27.B28.B29.C30.C31.A32.D33.D34.C35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者對(duì)蝸牛態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，以及蝸牛如何幫助她學(xué)會(huì)以緩慢、耐心的方式應(yīng)對(duì)生活中的焦慮與壓力?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我從小就被教導(dǎo)，如果我看到植物上有蝸牛，我應(yīng)該把它移走，放在地上。A.cover覆蓋；B.remove移開(kāi)；C.occupy占據(jù)；D.restore修復(fù)。根據(jù)下文“andplaceitontheground”可知，此處是指把蝸牛從植物上移開(kāi)，放在地上。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡捉蝸牛。A.organized組織；B.declined下降；C.adopted采用；D.enjoyed喜歡。根據(jù)下文“Itbroughtmepleasure”可知，捉蝸牛給作者帶來(lái)了很大的樂(lè)趣，所以作者喜歡捉蝸牛。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在我對(duì)蝸牛的看法發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。A.worked工作；B.flashed閃光，閃亮；C.formed形成；D.shifted轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)下文“Snailsaremorethanasmallanimal”可知，作者對(duì)蝸牛的看法轉(zhuǎn)變了。故選D。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)有抱負(fù)的女性，我經(jīng)常充滿擔(dān)憂和驚慌。A.content滿意的；B.bored無(wú)聊的；C.filled充滿的；D.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的。根據(jù)上文“Asanambitious(有野心的)woman”和下文“worryandalarm”可知，作者有抱負(fù)，所以作者經(jīng)常充滿擔(dān)憂和驚慌。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我一直在尋找解決方案。A.solutions解決方案；B.expansions擴(kuò)展；C.outcomes結(jié)果；D.causes原因。根據(jù)下文“Self-aidbooks,sports,certainapps”可知，作者一直在尋找解決方案。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在一切都在我的掌控之中。A.atrisk處于危險(xiǎn)或風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中；B.undercontrol處于控制之下；C.onboard在船上（或飛機(jī)上、火車上）；D.beyondreach夠不著。根據(jù)上文“Everythingfeelsgoodinthemoment”可知，現(xiàn)在一切都在作者的控制下。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)情感旋風(fēng)再次襲擊我時(shí)，它們沒(méi)有一個(gè)在那一刻伸出援手。A.shocked使震驚；B.struck襲擊；C.analyzed分析；D.advanced前進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文“theemotiontornado”和下文“me”可知，情感旋風(fēng)襲擊作者。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)情感旋風(fēng)再次襲擊我時(shí)，它們沒(méi)有一個(gè)在那一刻伸出援手。A.disappeared消失；B.assisted幫助；C.resisted抵抗；D.survived幸存。根據(jù)上文“tornadostruckme”可知，作者被情感旋風(fēng)襲擊，前面所提到的自助書(shū)籍，運(yùn)動(dòng)，某些應(yīng)用程序沒(méi)有一個(gè)幫助作者。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是觀察每一個(gè)細(xì)小的動(dòng)作。A.pictured想象；B.recognized識(shí)別；C.observed觀察；D.interrupted打斷。根據(jù)下文“everylittlemovement.Themovementswereslowandcalmbutfascinating”可知，作者是觀察蝸牛的動(dòng)作。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，熱水浴缸不再是讓我放松的部分了。A.determined下定決心的；B.concerned擔(dān)憂的；C.relaxed放松的；D.touched感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)上文“Thehottub”和常識(shí)可知，泡澡是令人放松的事情。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：蝸牛似乎知道什么時(shí)候體驗(yàn)地上的冒險(xiǎn)。A.experience體驗(yàn)；B.renew重新開(kāi)始；C.feature以……為特色；D.adjust調(diào)整。根據(jù)下文“theabove-groundadventure”可知，蝸牛想體驗(yàn)在地上的冒險(xiǎn)。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這里的信息是，耐心是一件必要的事情。A.difference不同之處；B.problem問(wèn)題；C.answer回答；D.message信息。根據(jù)下文“patienceisanecessarything”可知，耐心是一件必要的事情，這是作者要傳達(dá)的信息。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：給自己一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，耐心等待合適的時(shí)機(jī)是非常值得的。A.disturbing令人不安的；B.challenging富于挑戰(zhàn)性的；C.thrilling令人興奮的；D.worthwhile值得的。根據(jù)上文“patienceisanecessarything.Givingourselvestimeandwaitingfortherighttimepatientlyareextremely”可知，耐心是很有必要的，耐心等待合適的時(shí)機(jī)是非常值得的。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：蝸牛需要在太陽(yáng)再次出來(lái)之前找個(gè)隱蔽的地方，這樣它們就不會(huì)被曬干；同樣，我們也需要考慮如何在我們精疲力竭之前照顧好自己。A.gratefully感激地；B.essentially本質(zhì)上；C.similarly同樣；D.awkwardly笨拙地。根據(jù)上文“asnailneedstotakecoverbeforethesuncomesoutagainsothattheydon’tdryout”和下文“wealsoneedtoconsiderhowtocareforourselvesbeforewewearourselvesout”可知，此處是指我們也像蝸牛一樣，需要考慮如何在我們精疲力竭之前照顧好自己，空格處意為“同樣”。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)一種緩慢而耐心的生活，就像蝸牛一樣，幫助我處理憂慮。A.worry擔(dān)心，憂慮；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.disappointment失望；D.privacy隱私。根據(jù)第二段“Asanambitious(有野心的)woman,I’moftenfilledwithworryandalarm”可知，過(guò)一種緩慢而耐心的生活幫助作者處理自己的憂慮。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TimCameronlosthiswallet.____36____(fortunate),akindmanwentoutofhiswaytogethislostwalletbackto____37____(he)inacreativemanner.TimCameronlosthiswalletonthewayhomefromworkand____38____personwhofounditgotintouchwithhimthroughhisbankaccount.Hesentfourtransfers(轉(zhuǎn)賬)of￡0.01eachwithareferencespellingoutthe____39____(intend)ofgettingintouchwiththepersonwhoreceivedit.Deeply____40____(move)bytheman,TimCameronshareditonTwitter.Hesaid,“Ilostmywalletonthewayhomefromwork____41____accident.Ididn’thavemanythingsinthewallet____42____(show)mypersonalinformation,sothekindmangotintouchwithmethroughfourtransfersof￡0.01eachwithareferenceupto18charactersandfinallyreturnedmywallettome.”Thelovelymessage____43____(view)bymorethan33,000people.Oneviewer,JamesDartnell,said,“Itisaheart-warmingstory,____44____makesmerealizethattherearetrulygoodpeopleoutthere.Itis_____45_____(amaze)toseenoteveryoneisuntrustworthy.”【答案】36.Fortunately37.him38.the39.intention40.moved41.by42.toshow43.wasviewed44.which45.amazing【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了TimCameron奇跡般找回自己丟失錢(qián)包的故事，這件事讓人們相信，這個(gè)世上還是有好人的?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一位好心人特意想出了一個(gè)新穎的辦法幫他找回了丟失的錢(qián)包。修飾后文句子用副詞fortunately“幸運(yùn)的是”，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Fortunately?！?7題詳析】考查代詞。句意同上。作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用代詞的賓格形式。故填him。【38題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：TimCameron在下班回家的路上丟了錢(qián)包，撿到錢(qián)包的人通過(guò)他的銀行賬戶與他取得了聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文的“whofoundit”可知，此處表示特指這個(gè)撿到錢(qián)包的人，前邊應(yīng)用定冠詞the表示特指。故填the?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：他一共轉(zhuǎn)賬了四筆，每筆0.01英鎊，都附上了附注，說(shuō)明了要聯(lián)系收款人的意圖?？仗幱糜诙ü谠~the之后，應(yīng)用名詞形式，作動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)spellout的賓語(yǔ)，名詞intention“意圖”為不可數(shù)名詞。故填intention?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：被這名男子深深打動(dòng)，TimCameron在推特上分享了這件事。空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，move與其邏輯主語(yǔ)TimCameron之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填moved?！?1題詳析】考查固定搭配。句意：我下班回家的路上不小心把錢(qián)包丟了。固定搭配byaccident，意為“不小心地”，符合本句句意。故填by?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我的錢(qián)包里沒(méi)有多少東西可以顯示我的個(gè)人信息，所以這位好心的人通過(guò)四次轉(zhuǎn)賬聯(lián)系了我，每次轉(zhuǎn)賬0.01英鎊，并附上了最多18個(gè)字符的附注，最終把我的錢(qián)包還給了我。此處show作后置定語(yǔ)修飾things，用不定式。故填tos